Brick is recognized as one of the most common building materialsThey are very popular with private construction with their own hands. But, despite its excellent characteristics, a house built of this material requires warming. The need for thermal insulation is also explained by the cost-effectiveness, since this step will significantly reduce the energy consumption required for heating the home.
The need for warming the house out of the brick is explained by the economy, since this step will significantly reduce the amount of energy consumed necessary to heat the home.
How to insulate brick house from the outside with your own hands? This issue is the main problem of beginning builders.
Bricks are full and hollow, which determines the thermal conductivity of the wall and the loss of heat coming from inside the house.
Brick walls have a number of features. First of all, it is worth talking about, as they are full-bodied and hollow, on which the thermal conductivity of the wall and the loss of heat coming from inside the structure depend. In addition, not the least role is played by the method of laying, which can be continuous or with an air pocket. From these parameters depends the thickness of the walls, as a result of which the specifications, which require a certain thickness of insulation.
With regard to the method of laying, then with a solid insulation must be located throughout the wall area both inside and outside the house. The thickness of the layer depends on the thickness of the wall, and the thicker it is, the less insulation is required. When laying with an air pocket - a kladtsevoy masonry - a heater is located between the bricks, that is, inside the wall. This method, when using an additional external insulation will reduce the loss of heat leaving the inside, 2 times due to the air layer, which is located between the inner and outer walls.
Thermal insulation is used in 3 situations: when decorating outside, in-wall and inside-house works. The buildings are considered to be the most priority, which will help reduce heat transfer and, to some extent, protect the building from the effects of natural phenomena. This method has a number of difficulties, which include the need for certain weather conditions, as it is not necessary to warm the walls in the winter time, and the high cost of materials. When internal works on the warming of brick walls, a layer of insulation is created at the very construction. The third type implies the insulation of the building from the inside, including not only walls, but also floors, roofs and attics.
The density of the material used and the coefficient of thermal conductivity significantly affect the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the total weight.
Choosing a heater is not an easy task, coupled with some difficulties, among which there are the following features:
- For each type it is necessary to choose certain materials, since the insulation of the house from the outside has its own distinctive features from internal insulation.
- The density of the material used and its thermal conductivity coefficient significantly affects the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the total weight.
- It is necessary to pay attention to the stability of the insulation with external influences, since this parameter determines the service life of the insulation, including its ability to maintain its qualities, to insulate the wall surface and not let the heat escape from inside the brick building.
- Preference should be given to natural materials, as these heaters comply with safety standards.
Experts argue that the thermal insulation of excellent quality suggests that the building is insulated with each element of the construction with a suitable heater.
- Coefficient of thermal conductivity. It is the most important when buying insulation. The lower it is, the smaller the thickness of the layer and the less heat lost from the inside of the building.
- Absorption coefficient of moisture. The same: the lower the indicator, the better material protects from moisture outside the building.
- Density, which determines the total weight of the insulation.
- The combustibility of the material. For construction, the class G1 is most suitable. Such materials burn with the presence of a source of fire and stop burning in the absence of a source of fire.
- Lifetime. The indicator indicates the service life at which the thermal insulation does not lose its properties.
- Soundproofing. The technology, by which the materials are made, will not only allow us to warm the walls of the house, but also serve as an excellent source that can rid the hosts of the house of extraneous noise.
- Ecological compatibility. This parameter is characterized by the presence of natural materials in isolation, which allows to provide a comfortable location inside.
- The level of complexity of the installation. The criterion indicates the degree of complexity of installation and the time that is required for installation.
When the houses are insulated from the outside various materials. Cork insulations, mineral and cellulose cotton wool are suitable for interior insulation, while outside work will require foam, extruded polystyrene foam, which differs from the usual type of foam plastic strength, and a warm plaster that can also insulate the walls of the house. When working with the last material, it should be taken into account that the maximum thickness of the layer should not be more than 5 cm, and a significant weight entails the need for reinforcement of the foundation.
External insulation of the house implies a thermal insulation of the walls, external walls socle and foundation.
External insulation of the house with their own hands implies the finishing with heat insulation of walls, external walls of the basement and the basement. Before starting work, you should clean the surfaces of construction debris. Thermal insulation layer It is attached to the structure, which is designed to support the layer. The materials used are ordinary and extruded polystyrene and warm plaster. It is recommended to locate these materials, starting with the lowest permeability.
Warming brick house outside polystyrene should begin with the leveling of the walls by plastering, then the surface should be treated with a primer. Then begins the process of fixing the material, which is carried out either with the help of glue, or facade dowels - umbrellas.
If the sheets are attached with glue, the composition is applied to the surface of the sheet. Then he pressed directly to the wall. The work is carried out starting from the bottom row and gradually rising upwards. Each row is shifted relative to the previous one, while placing the sheets in a checkerboard pattern. As a result of the work done outside, a reliable stability of the entire structure is achieved, which can well be used to insulate the surfaces of houses.
Similar work is carried out with the help of dowels, but the glue is applied pointwise. After gluing the sheets are fastened with dowels. It is recommended to make holes in the heat insulation sheets beforehand, which will help ease the work. The surface should be reinforced with a building mesh, then plastered, then you can go to the surface finish with paint or decorative plaster.
Thermal insulation of the walls of a brick house with their own hands can be carried out using a ventilated facade. It is very common, it is good to warm the surface of the walls, and its installation will not be difficult. First, a vapor barrier layer should be placed on the wall, then a wooden or metal carcass, cooked by own hands earlier. Further between the racks of the frame is placed a layer of thermal insulation, and on top of it waterproofing is applied. For this method, mineral or basalt wool is most often used. The materials are fixed with facade dowels with a wide bonnet, after which the appearance of the wall can be made with your own hands by siding or cladding of porcelain stoneware.
Warming of the brick house from the outside with your own hands with the help of warm plaster is also good for brick walls. Being the most simple and convenient, this method has become very popular. Before starting, also clean the surface of the wall and soak it with a primer. After that, beacons and a plaster grid, on which plaster is applied, are fixed to the wall.
Raise the temperature of course you can and with the help of conventional internal heaters. But electricity and gas are expensive today.
Using them for excessive warming up of the room and fighting low temperatures will only lead to disproportionate waste of resources. Speaking in simple language, you will burn resources for nothing. After all, such a situation could be avoided.
For example, if you insulate the house with mineral wool, use foam plastic, Penoplex or any other material, then its internal temperature in winter, even without preliminary heating, will increase by several degrees.
A heater here will play the role of a kind of barrier for low temperature. Because of its extremely low thermal conductivity, this material practically does not exchange temperatures, and therefore does not allow the structures near it to cool.
1.1 Types of insulation, their differences
Modern building industry offers a huge number of choices insulation materials, which you can use as you please. You can select a few of the most important ones, but you will have to make the decision yourself.
Only by assessing the specific situation and your ability to really understand which better suited in each case. We will help you better understand the basic nuances of using heaters, their properties and details.
For outdoor insulation most often used:
- Styrofoam;
- Penoplex;
- Mineral cotton wool;
- Penoizol;
- Glass wool on.
Polyfoam - the most common and popular material that is used to heat facades almost everywhere. Some say that you can not find anything better than polystyrene, but it's not so.
Of course, the foam has a lot of advantages. It is convenient, easy, perfectly protects the house from heat loss, quickly mounted. Yes, and the price is quite low. With such high-quality characteristics, polystyrene is cheaper than any other insulation. Is not this an indicator of quality?
But there is a foam and its drawbacks. For example, low strength and susceptibility to burning.Low strength polystyrene plays him a poor service. But for the warming of the walls this indicator is not so critical. But the flammability of the plates is a big problem.
Remember that you are building out the outer walls. In case of fire, the facade is the first fire-carrier of the floors. If the facade caught fire and there are no firefighters nearby - consider that the house is lost.
Penoplex is a kind of foam. In fact, it is an improved expanded polystyrene that has undergone an extrusion process. Penoplex has better characteristics, better resists loads and much better insulates the surface. But it costs more.
Also Penoplex is not spared from the disease of foam plastic - combustibility. Although Penoplex is still a bit more practical in this respect, it does not burn, it melts. What is already a big plus. But nevertheless, it is necessary to use Penoplex carefully and with the device of correct preparation.
Mineral wool is especially not required in the view - these are slabs or rolls of basalt fibers that have excellent thermal insulation characteristics, can be installed manually.
Mineral wool is more expensive than polystyrene, but it better retains heat, is completely ecological and allows the walls to breathe. In addition, the mineral wool is a non-combustible material.
Its main drawback, as in the case of c, is swelling with prolonged contact with water. And although most manufacturers have already learned how to solve this problem, but we do not recommend using minivat in a bath or other places with high humidity.
About penoizol already a little was said above. Penoizol after hardening is very similar to foam, but there are differences in it. He does not burn in the fire and moreover, extinguishes it by expanding his molecules.
Another thing is that pour foam is possible only with professional equipment and it costs quite a lot.
Glass wool is a kind of mineral wool insulation, but it is inferior in all its parameters to standard basalt wool. Therefore now in construction it is practically not applied.
2 Technology of insulation of external walls
The process of warming, as already mentioned above, does not have complicated moments or pitfalls. Although, building experience while the work is still required.
Interesting is the fact that almost all heaters are mounted on a common identical circuit. Only nuances differ, and even then not always.
Stages of work:
- Prepare the surface, clean it of dirt.
- Prepare the heater.
- Mount the heater on the wall.
- We wait until the solution seizes.
- We attach it to the wall with additional elements.
- If necessary, we seal the joints.
- We put on the heater the first layer of plaster and the plaster grid.
- We apply the second and third layer of plaster. We prepare the base for finish.
- We decorate the facade with facing materials.
The above algorithm is a general scheme and there are many details in it, but it will fit to understand the whole procedure.
Polyfoam is most often mounted on a solution like glue. The same is done with mineral wool, although this is not necessary. Additional fixing of the insulation to the brick wall is carried out by installing plate dowels. One square meter is enough for 4-6 dowels.
The sealing of the joints is carried out on the foam plastic and Penoplex, the mineral wool in such actions does not need.
The insulation with penoizol passes through another procedure. Here, first mount the frame under the heater, then fill it with a compound. After hardening, penoizol is used for plastering the surface and finishing the finish. The last stages of work from the ones described above are practically the same.
2.1 Installation of foam insulation on the walls of the house (video)
This material provides good thermal insulation, reduces the thickness of the structure, reduces the cost of heating in winter.
In contact with
Warming of a brick house with foam plastic - a popular technology that allows for a short time to create an excellent insulated facade. Good performance characteristics of the material, low cost and ease of installation led polystyrene into the leaders among materials for insulation of buildings.
What is polystyrene?
There are several varieties of this material:
- normal;
- coarse-grained;
- polystyrene PVC;
- expanded polystyrene;
- extruded polystyrene foam, etc.
The characteristics of different brands differ in some parameters. Basic properties are inherent in all types of foams:
- low thermal conductivity;
- resistance to many chemicals;
- high density;
- low water absorption coefficient;
- little susceptible to deformation;
- to create an effective barrier on the path of cold will help a layer of foam plastic, 10 times thinner than brickwork;
- service life - up to 50 years;
- small weight of plates;
- it is easy to choose foam plates of the right size and thickness;
- highly inflammable material;
- does not rot, does not fear mold.
Warming of a brick house with foam plastic outside
A multi-layer thermal insulation system using foam plates is easy to assemble. How to install foam on the wall yourself?
Procedure:
- prepare the wall: clean it of debris, dust, cornices. Fix plaster all potholes and irregularities;
- treat the wall with a deep penetration primer. Wait until the surface is completely dry. Do not skip this stage of work. Ideally smooth, in your opinion, the wall, still need to be primed. Thus, the best adhesion of foam plates and a brick surface is achieved;
- choose a composition suitable for processing bricks;
- set the level and strictly horizontally nail the starting bar;
- dilute the polymer cement glue in the bucket. Keep track of garbage;
- lay the plates from the bottom up, row after row increasing the height of the structure;
- apply the adhesive on the insulation in several places in the form of "flat cakes";
- some builders apply glue directly to the brick wall. This technique further smooths the surface;
- it is possible to spread the glue evenly over the surface of the foam board using a notched trowel;
- each successive row, shift half the sheet "chess" (similar to brickwork);
- the polystyrene has already grabbed the wall? Is the glue dry? Firmly fasten sheets in 5 points with umbrella dowels;
- experts advise to drive dowels so that they are in the measure drowned in a foam board. Hats should not protrude above the surface;
- the seams between the plates should be sealed with the same composition or mounting foam;
- strengthen the plates with a reinforcing mesh and a layer of glue;
- after complete drying of the surface, cover the facade with starting plaster;
- the last stage - applying finishing decorative plaster. The choice depends on your taste (for example, "bark beetle").
Important: observe the safety precautions and the rules for high-altitude work. If the brick house has several floors, special equipment will be required. Do you have any experience with mountaineering equipment? Entrust the insulation of the facade of the brick house to professionals.
Warming of a brick house inside
Most builders converge in the opinion that internal insulation brick walls should be used as a last resort. Inevitably, the area of the room is reduced. But, it's still half the trouble. It will require the protection of structures from condensation and a good ventilation system.
These measures will require additional costs. Savings can "come to naught." Ignoring the device of the waterproofing layer will lead to the appearance of fungi, mold, permanent stains and a violation of the integrity of the finish.
Durable vapor barrier layer - pledge of dry and a warm wall. It is necessary to create a continuous surface or ideally isolate the line of junctions and joints.
Important: conduct an internal thermal insulation of brick walls in an empty room. The facing of insulated surfaces inside the house is done only with moisture-resistant plasterboard.
Installation of a heater inside a brick house is carried out according to the facade technology. Experts recommend applying two or three coats of primer. The ground completely covers all cracks and crevices. In addition, the surface can be plastered.
Warming the brick house with foam plates will create comfort inside the premises and to protect the facade from cold and precipitation.
In contact with
Do you see inaccuracies, incomplete or incorrect information? Do you know how to make an article better?
Do you want to propose for publication photos on the topic?
Please help us make the site better! Leave a message and your contacts in the comments - we will contact you and together we will make the publication better!
Despite the huge amount of modern building materials, with the help of which residential houses are being built, the brick is still very much in demand in the construction processes. However, after the construction of a brick house with your own hands, you should remember about the need to make the insulation of the walls from the outside, otherwise the microclimate inside the premises will be broken. Today I will tell you what modern facing materials can be used to decorate the facade of a brick structure and how to insulate it.
Necessity of carrying out heat-insulation works
Warming of a brick house outside
I, like any newcomer was very interested, why it is necessary additional insulation walls outside the house. Asked advice from his neighbor, who always dealt with construction works, I received a specific answer. As it turned out, for a good thermal insulation thickness brick wall should be no less than three meters - of course, this is irrational and meaningless. That is why those who build their houses from bricks use the more popular methods of warming the walls from the outside.
Important! Even at the stage of building a brick structure, one should think about measures of thermal insulation. Thus, the insulation will be included in the overall design of the house and this will allow the process to be made more convenient.
In order to choose the most suitable type of insulation, it is worth considering in more detail all the options that you can do yourself.
External thermal insulation
We warm the brick house with modern methods
Insulation from the outside is necessary due to a justified reason, which is the dew point. If the insulation is made for walls inside the house, the condensate will be collected between the heater and the wall, which will lead to rapid destruction and the appearance of mold. In addition, carrying out such work indoors leads to a reduction in area.
For a brick house suitable insulation such as:
- Styrofoam
- Ecowool
- Mineral wool
- Glass wool
- Penoizol
- Styrofoam
Let's take a look at the features of each material in a small table:
| View | Features, advantages and disadvantages |
| Mineral wool | It has excellent insulation performance, but is often used for interior walls. Technical indicators range from the specific weight of the material. Of the disadvantages: absorbing the moisture in the mineral wool begins to lose its properties |
| Ecowool | The difference between ecowools from mineral material in that it requires the use of a special impregnation. A cheap way to insulate housing, however, because of the properties of moisture permeability it is better to use inside the house |
| Styrofoam | Until now it is one of the most popular ways of warming various buildings. Convenient installation, use under plaster and low cost speak for themselves |
| Fiberglass | If you decide to decorate the walls with your own hands, then it is better to choose a different kind or still use the services of professionals. This solution is necessary because of the toxicity of fiberglass. In all other materials, the material has good thermal insulation properties and therefore it is often used for hills and attics |
| Penoizol | Innovative material, which is used not only as a heater, but also as a repair material. If, for some reason, the layer of mineral wool has been damaged, or the rodents have gnawed holes in the foam, then penoizol will help to qualitatively seal up the appearing lumens |
| Styrofoam | It is used both outside and inside. Very little inferior mineral cotton wool. Has no properties to absorb moisture. However, it has flammability properties and is not a vapor permeable material |
Technology of outdoor design
We warm the walls of the brick house
There are several technologies by which it is possible to produce insulation on the outside or inside the building. All of them differ among themselves and therefore it is necessary to get acquainted with each of them in advance:
- Sandwich - thus the process of thermal insulation of the brick structure was laid even at the stage of the construction of walls
- Wet façade - all bored way, when the wall is fixed with a heater, after which it is covered with a layer of plaster, before it is reinforced with a special mesh
- Ventilated - is very common in recent times, as it allows not only to produce thermal insulation, but to equip the facade and completely transform it. It is very beneficial when the old walls have already lost their appearance
In addition, the second and third option can be performed independently at any stage, and not only during the construction of houses.
Important! If the house has lost its appearance, the arrangement of a ventilated facade allows not only to transform it, but also to radically change it. In the modern market, there are enough siding panels that perfectly imitate how brickwork, and a natural tree or shipboard.
Ventilated facade of houses made of bricks
Ventilated facades for brick houses
Modern materials that are used for the thermal insulation of a brick structure can be quite expensive, especially if you have chosen a ventilated facade for your accommodation. Uniquely with this method, you will have to use a siding finish. Therefore, doing all the work from the outside with your own hands, you will be able to save additional funds. By the way, when building a ventilated facade, it is possible to use glass wool plates, such as insulation for walls.
The construction of a brick structure in this way takes place in the following sequence:
- To begin with, the surface is cleaned of dirt, dust and greasy stains
- Then the crate is fastened, which can be made with the help of wooden beams or a metal profile. For myself, I chose the metal profile, because it is not prone to rot. The distance between the guides should be such that the plates of the heater come with a small use of force, that is close
- The fixing of the thermal insulation boards with their own hands takes place with the help of adhesive solution and umbrella dowels
- When the insulation has been carried out, it is also necessary to make the hydro-barrier, after which it is possible to begin the final finishing of the facade of the brick structure with the help of siding panels
Thermal insulation from outside in this way occurs much faster than all the usual plastering of walls.
Outcomes
Warming the house with foam
Self-contained insulation of the house from the outside, can be made independently. The abundance of construction and heat insulating materials allows you to choose the most interesting in terms of work and for the price, so it becomes possible to decorate the facade with any technology. Do not forget that for qualitative conducting of processes it is necessary to choose good materials and use tools that simplify all the stages of wall surface insulation. Do not forget that all processes are best done in the warm and dry season, exclude rainy and too hot weather, as it can negatively affect the finish. Brick buildings require a serious approach, both in the construction process and in the issues of insulation, so in advance, think through all the possible options so that you do not have to remodel all the stages.
Despite the appearance in the construction industry of many new modern technologies and materials for the erection of buildings, in the private construction is still leading the brick. This traditional product has long proved its reliability, high operational and technical qualities. The warming of the brick house is no longer a tribute to fashion, but a direct necessity, since energy costs are rising every year. How best to insulate the facade of the building from the brick, so that it reliably kept the heat of the winter period and coolness on hot days?
Warming of brick walls
Unlike concrete or wooden buildings, brick houses have their own peculiarity. For example, the facade can be lined with silicate, red clay, hollow or ceramic facing bricks. From the initial materials will depend on the thermal conductivity of the walls, which will affect what is better to insulate the heater in each specific case.
Not the least role in heat savings will be the thickness of the masonry itself and its type (solid, with extended inter-brick gaps or well).
Coefficients of thermal conductivity and density of walls of a brick house:
Slightly apart from ordinary clutches is a well, which can be insulated by the intra-wall method. At the construction stage, two walls (inner and front facade) are erected at once with a small air gap, where a plate or roll insulation is laid or liquid is poured (penoizol, polyurethane foam, foam concrete, etc.). For the reliability of the construction, both masonry are connected by flexible anchor connections.
Ways of warming brick walls
There are several ways to heat the facade of a brick structure. The most common and budgetary option is the so-called Wet method or fixing the insulation on the cement-adhesive mixture. In addition, it enables the use of a wider range of decorative finish coatings. However, the cladding process is laborious, requires time and professional skills.
Detailed scheme For wet type of insulation, plate materials (foam plastic, polystyrene, polyurethane foam, mineral basalt wool, etc.) are mainly used. In the process of using solutions and primers on a water basis, therefore, it is better to conduct them at a temperature not lower than +5 о С, and the next layer can be applied only after the previous one has dried.
Initially, the walls of the brick house are cleaned of dust, efflorescence, covered with a stabilizing primer and leveled with plaster. After drying again apply the primer, then glued the layer of insulation to cement mixture and fixed with dowels. Mounting plates starts with the lower starting (socle) profile, and the corners of the facade, the slopes of windows and doors are reinforced with a perforated metal or plastic corner.
On top of this, another layer of adhesive is applied, where the reinforcing glass mesh is cast in, giving the structure greater rigidity. After the layers dry, the working surface is covered with decorative plaster and / or painted.
Hinged ventilated facade - Another way to quickly insulate the structure of bricks, and these works can be carried out at any time of the year. A frame is attached to the wall of a brick house, in which cells a thermal insulating material is embedded. This can be either rigid plates or elastic rolls, fixed with dowels or fixed to the glue mixture.
The outer decorative layer (siding, clinker tiles, granite tiles, etc.) is mounted at some distance from the heater (ventilation gap for removing excessive moisture from the structure) by a wooden crate or metal profiles.
Another universal material for the insulation of the brick facade are thermopanels. They are a plate made of a heat-saving layer, into which decorative tiles are embedded, for example, under a brick, under a tree, natural stone, under siding, lining and others. The thermopanels are attached to the walls of the house or to glue mixtures, or by means of a crate and self-tapping screws. Work with them is easy enough (a lot of additional angular, additional and decorative elements are produced), which makes it possible to undertake work even for a beginner.
Want more information on the topic? Look at these articles:
One of the most important stages of building and finishing the house is ...