Raise the temperature of course you can and with the help of conventional internal heaters. But electricity and gas are expensive today.
Using them for excessive warming up of the room and fighting low temperatures will only lead to disproportionate waste of resources. Speaking in simple language, you will burn resources for nothing. After all, such a situation could be avoided.
For example, if you insulate the house with mineral wool, use foam plastic, Penoplex or any other material, then its internal temperature in winter, even without preliminary heating, will increase by several degrees.
A heater here will play the role of a kind of barrier for low temperature. Because of its extremely low thermal conductivity, this material practically does not exchange temperatures, and therefore does not allow the structures near it to cool.
1.1 Types of insulation, their differences
The modern construction industry offers a huge selection of insulation materials that can be used as you please. You can select a few of the most important ones, but you will have to make the decision yourself.
Only by assessing the specific situation and your ability to really understand what is best for each case. We will help you better understand the basic nuances of using heaters, their properties and details.
For outdoor insulation most often used:
- Styrofoam;
- Penoplex;
- Mineral cotton wool;
- Penoizol;
- Glass wool on.
Polyfoam - the most common and popular material that is used to heat facades almost everywhere. Some say that you can not find anything better than polystyrene, but it's not so.
Of course, the foam has a lot of advantages. It is convenient, easy, perfectly protects the house from heat loss, quickly mounted. Yes, and the price is quite low. With such high-quality characteristics, polystyrene is cheaper than any other insulation. Is not this an indicator of quality?
But there is a foam and its drawbacks. For example, low strength and susceptibility to burning.Low strength polystyrene plays him a poor service. But for the warming of the walls this indicator is not so critical. But the flammability of the plates is a big problem.
Remember that you are building out the outer walls. In case of fire, the facade is the first fire-carrier of the floors. If the facade caught fire and there are no firefighters nearby - consider that the house is lost.
Penoplex is a kind of foam. In fact, it is an improved expanded polystyrene that has undergone an extrusion process. Penoplex has better characteristics, better resists loads and much better insulates the surface. But it costs more.
Also Penoplex is not spared from the disease of foam plastic - combustibility. Although Penoplex is still a bit more practical in this respect, it does not burn, it melts. What is already a big plus. But nevertheless, it is necessary to use Penoplex carefully and with the device of correct preparation.
Mineral cotton wool is especially not required in the presentation - these are basalt fiber slabs or rolls that have excellent thermal insulation characteristics, can be installed manually.
Mineral wool is more expensive than polystyrene, but it better retains heat, is completely ecological and allows the walls to breathe. In addition, the mineral wool is a non-combustible material.
Its main drawback, as in the case of c, is swelling with prolonged contact with water. And although most manufacturers have already learned how to solve this problem, but we do not recommend using minivat in a bath or other places with high humidity.
About penoizol already a little was said above. Penoizol after hardening is very similar to foam, but there are differences in it. He does not burn in the fire and moreover, extinguishes it by expanding his molecules.
Another thing is that pour foam is possible only with professional equipment and it costs quite a lot.
Glass wool is a kind of mineral wool insulation, but it is inferior in all its parameters to standard basalt wool. Therefore now in construction it is practically not applied.
2 Technology of insulation of external walls
The process of warming, as already mentioned above, does not have complicated moments or pitfalls. Although, building experience during the execution of work is still required.
Interesting is the fact that almost all heaters are mounted on a common identical circuit. Only nuances differ, and even then not always.
Stages of work:
- Prepare the surface, clean it of dirt.
- Prepare the heater.
- Mount the heater on the wall.
- We wait until the solution seizes.
- We attach it to the wall with additional elements.
- If necessary, we seal the joints.
- We put on the heater the first layer of plaster and the plaster grid.
- We apply the second and third layer of plaster. We prepare the base for the finish.
- We decorate the facade with facing materials.
The above algorithm is a general scheme and there are many details in it, but it will fit to understand the whole procedure.
Polyfoam is most often mounted on a solution like glue. The same is done with mineral wool, although this is not necessary. Additional fixing of the insulation to the brick wall is carried out by installing the dowels. One square meter is enough for 4-6 dowels.
The sealing of the joints is carried out on the foam plastic and Penoplex, the mineral wool in such actions does not need.
The insulation with penoizol passes through another procedure. Here, first mount the frame under the heater, then fill it with a compound. After hardening penoizola are accepted for plastering the surface and finishing the finish. The last stages of work from the ones described above are practically the same.
2.1 Installation of foam insulation on the walls of the house (video)
Brick is an eco-friendly material and houses from it have always been popular with the population of our country, however, the insulation of such a house is necessary, and it is desirable to produce it at the construction stage, when it is much easier. Brick has a serious drawback - increased thermal conductivity. Brick walls with a thickness of 40-65 cm are 3 times less than the norm providing warmth to the inner room, and in order for the norm to be achieved, the wall thickness should be of the order of 2 m. The foundation under such walls will carry a serious load. This is impractical.
In addition to the main reason for the insulation of the brick house, there are additional, also important. First, it is increase of tariffs for utilities, so economize the already received heat first task. The less heat is lost, leaving for additional heating of cold walls, window slits, floor, ceiling, the less you spend money for paying for electricity, gas, water, used in your heating system. Insulate floor , the windows can be from the inside, and the walls and ceiling are both inside and outside.
Secondly, wall warming - this the main source of the fight against mold, which is a formidable enemy of human health. Mold appears as a result of the difference in temperatures of the outer and inner sides of the wall, when the moisture contained in the room air condenses on its inner part of the outer wall, favoring the reproduction of fungi and mold. In this case it is recommended to make insulation from the outside.
Warming outside
Materials for insulation
Would you like it or not, but you'll have to insulate the brick house. Experts in one voice recommend to do it even at the construction stage, but not always people live in the houses themselves built. Therefore, having survived one cold winter, the question rises. Today the market offers manufacturers a sufficient number of insulation materials, they all cope with the task, differing only in the technology of installation, the cost of work and materials. You can choose any of the suggested heat insulators type:
- cellulose heaters;
- basalt slabs;
- polystyrene foam;
- polyurethane foam;
- mineral wool.
The main differences in these materials are water vapor permeability, moisture resistance, thermal conductivity. The first indicators should be taken into account for climatic conditions, and the thermal conductivity should be known when the required layer thickness for insulation is calculated. Using directories SNiP or contacting the project organization, the first step is to calculate the thickness of the proposed layer of thermal insulation, taking into account all possible heat losses through windows, doors, ceiling, floor. Only by calculating the thermal insulation layer for each type of material, you can choose, by measuring it with finance, weight and other nuances.
When the choice is made, it is necessary to clear the wall from previous coatings such as plaster or other, remove it to the brickwork. If there are any irregularities or protrusions, then all this must be leveled, having applied cement mortar, it is desirable to apply a primer with deep penetration.
In order for the heat-insulating surface to be smooth, mount a system of lighthouses and plumb bobs, this will determine the outer plane of the insulation and simplify the installation of the insulation layer.
Further installation will be different for each type of insulation. Consider it on the example of basalt slabs. Basalt slabs are excellent fire-resistant insulation, high-tech and harmless, as a raw material for its production use natural basalt fiber without formaldehyde additives. As practice has shown, the installation of basalt slabs as a sealant leads to reducing the cost of heating up to 60%.
The order of insulation of a brick house outside
For the outer wall, the thickness of the insulation must be at least 20-25 cm, that is at least 2 layers. The second layer can cover the seams of the first, which leads to the continuity of the coating, so it is preferable to take the plates 5 cm thick. So, the wall is prepared, cleaned, it is primed Ceresit C. T. 17. We make the following steps.
Internal insulation technology
Materials for internal insulation
Insulation of walls from the inside has many disadvantages, so preference is given to external insulation of the house. The main of these drawbacks - reduction of the area and volume of the roomas a result of insulation work. However, there are pluses - the material and labor costs for internal insulation are much less, no specialist is needed, everything can be done by yourself. There are several options for achieving the goal of warming the house, depending on the insulation material. For this purpose can be used:
- plaster;
- foam or polystyrene ;
- liquid sprayed polyurethane foam;
- mineral-fiber mats.
Each of these methods has its own features
Traditional plaster- the cheapest kind of insulation, has good sound insulation, is vapor-permeable (the room breathes), low water permeability, incombustibility. However, it has such shortcomings as the duration of the working process associated with the plaster application technology (long dries), the maximum applied layer should not exceed 5 cm, the large weight, additionally strengthen the foundation.Nevertheless, this type of wall insulation is widely used, both for exterior and for interior works.
Foamed polystyrene materials ( styrofoam or polystyrene) are often used for internal insulation of a brick wall. Plates of these materials have a low thermal conductivity, they are excellent noise absorbers. Polystyrene easy to install, inexpensive, it is not difficult to strengthen it with your own hands without the help of special tools.
Stages of internal insulation at home
- First you need to to put plaster on the brickwork, if it does not exist.
- Clean and prepare the walls - remove old wallpaper and paint, fill in the cracks in the walls, if any, remove any irregularities and be sure apply a deep penetration primerwith antiseptic additives against the fungus.
- Apply leveling putty and primer.
- Carefully dilute the adhesive strictly according to the attached instructions for gluing foam.
- Apply the adhesive to the wall in an even layer, then follow it with a comb spatula.
- To stick plates exactly to the wall in horizontal rows, tightly pressing them to the surface, so as not to deviate from the aligned area of the walls. Additional fastening to the wall by dowels is not necessary.
- Laying the slab should be done very carefully and tightly to avoid cracking.
- If you are going to finish with simple plaster, you will need to plaster the panels, before that, sealing the joints. Then, on top of the foam, reinforce the special mixture with a fiberglass reinforced mesh, apply the first layer of plaster, and after drying - decorative.
- If you want to attach a plasterboard to the foam, then before gluing, mark the wall in steps of 40-60 cm, mount the fixing brackets to fix the frame. After gluing the foam panels on the wall, you need to attach a frame for installing plasterboard, screwing the screws into the frame, and then place the joints and fasteners with a putty. This coating is ready for painting or gluing wallpaper.
You can insulate the brick walls mineral wool, which has excellent thermal insulation characteristics, inexpensive in cost and installation is simple. But there are negative moments, it is necessary to lay plaster under this layer, and this is labor-intensive. You can, of course, skip this process and immediately proceed with the laying of glass wool. To do this, it is necessary to wall the whole wall with the help of rails, the gap between which should be less than the width of the roll of insulation material. Then you can proceed installation of insulating material. If there is no plaster, another layer of cotton wool is added. The last layer is laid vapor-insulating material - foil, which is also attached to racks.
Polyurethane foam initially has the form of a foamed liquid, so it is difficult to work with it on flat surfaces to form a layer of the desired thickness, it is often used for thermal insulation of rounded surfaces such as roof slopes. The main advantage - maximum penetration into the wall, which makes it possible to achieve maximum thermal insulation. Polyurethane foam is often used for the insulation of external walls, making a frame with a solid wall, it is simply poured in.
The process of warming a brick house outside
Outside - this issue confronts many homeowners. Such material, as a brick, for the erection of walls in the private construction of houses is especially popular. The houses built from it can be found almost everywhere. But such a house, with all its excellent operational qualities, still require warmth. Especially at the present cost of electricity, with the help of which the houses are mainly heated. In such situations, an excellent solution is to perform a good quality of thermal insulation, by which heat loss is minimized.
Types of insulation
To the house turned into a comfortable housing for living, it should be well insulated. If this stage of work is carried out even at the stage of construction of the house, it is possible with a guarantee to avoid a lot of troubles, which in the future lie in wait for the owners of private housing. When poorly executed, such troubles may occur, such as freezing of walls in the winter, the appearance of mold, condensation and fungus, the deterioration of materials from which the finish is made, premature destruction of the walls.
There are several types of insulation:
- internal;
- external;
- the wall.
The most popular is the insulation from the outside, providing for the placement of material from outside the walls of the building. This provides additional protection to the walls from adverse natural phenomena. The disadvantages of this approach is that the work is seasonal, and the cost of materials will be somewhat higher.
Intravenous heat insulation can be arranged only at the stage of erection of walls. Those who purchase ready-made housing will not be able to fulfill it.
Internal heat insulation can be done at any time (it also provides for the insulation of the attic, floor and roof, interfloor overlappings). But this version has a significant drawback.
Advantages of external thermal insulation
Why is it recommended that the walls be insulated from the outside? This circumstance is associated with the so-called dew point - when a condensate forms on the walls of a residential house at a certain temperature. At the device of warming materials (for example, foam plastic) from inside all moisture remains under their layer, and it leads to the formation of fungus, mold and other troubles.
Of course, the material chosen as a heater will also be destroyed. Therefore, to achieve good results, it will be much better to perform outside. The wall inside the house thus remains both dry and warm. What is important, with this approach, the residential area of the house will not be reduced.
What materials can be used to insulate a brick house outside
To ensure a cozy and comfortable temperature in the room, the construction of the house must be carried out in such a way that the brickwork near the walls has a thickness of at least 3 meters. This is quite difficult to perform, and also irrational. A modern construction market can offer developers a lot of excellent and inexpensive materials for insulation. For example, polystyrene foam, the thickness of which is small, perfectly copes with its task and at the same time relieves housing from dampness.
Insulate outside the walls of a brick house with the help of such materials:
- ecowool;
- minivat;
- penoizol;
- styrofoam;
- expanded polystyrene;
- fiberglass.
The process of insulation of a brick house outside with mineral wool
Such building material, like mineral wool, is made in the form of plates. They are very simply and quickly attached to a pre-prepared surface. The material differs in that it perfectly preserves the heat, is fireproof, well passes air and steam and is fairly affordable with regard to cost. Ecowool has similar properties, but its cost is less, and with additional impregnation, antiseptic can be eliminated from the appearance and growth of fungus in the wall cavities.
Thermal insulation foam, like polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, makes it possible to keep heat in the housing as much as possible - this is perhaps the most effective way. Also, in order to insulate the walls of a brick house from the outside, it is possible, as an additional measure, to use heat-insulating paint or plaster.
How to build a brick house outside
From what will be chosen material for insulation, will depend on the technology and performance of work. If they are carried out independently, it is better to insulate them with mineral wool or styrofoam, foam plastic. Mounting the foam is so simple that even non-professionals can do it. If you do work on the insulation of brick walls from the outside with mineral wool, first you need to make a crate - it must be dry and smooth.
The process of insulation with foam plastic
At, polystyrene it will be necessary to perform a number of preliminary works. First, the wall should be completely freed from any devices - it may be antennas, pipes, air conditioners or others. Removes the old decorative finish. It is hardly necessary to correct irregularities in the case of a brick surface. Styrofoam or polystyrene is attached directly to the wall of the building - with the help of special adhesives.
Important! Any adhesive formulations should be checked for compatibility with the selected material.
Materials such as fiberglass, ecowool, penoizol can not be laid without special equipment, besides, various nuances must be observed in the performance of the work, so such operations should be entrusted to professionals. If the walls are applied also heat insulating paint or plaster, this will greatly increase the reliability of thermal insulation. For the first time this can help to get rid of the costs that are associated with the exterior trim, and will give an opportunity to save a few.
To stay in the house was cozy and comfortable, you need to take care of the thorough insulation of the brick house from the outside. And although the brick is a vapor-permeable building material, builders use a thermal insulator when warming a brick house, which still has an increased level of vapor permeability. Today, for the warming of the brick house, various modern methods are used from the outside, thanks to which it is possible to achieve a better result with respect to the preservation of heat. Also for warming the house, it is worth applying for the insulation of windows.
For the thermal insulation of brick walls today use a variety of modern materials, thanks to which it is possible to choose a certain technology of insulation. This will achieve maximum comfort in the house and at the same time not to be particularly spent financially. The most common are the following technologies for thermal insulation:
On video insulation of a brick house outside:
You may also be interested in information about how the
Materials
To carry out the external insulation of the brick house, you can use materials such as mineral wool, polystyrene and expanded polystyrene.
Styrofoam
The use of foam plastic is a modern and the most popular method of warming a brick house. This is due to the fact that the material perfectly keeps heat and is inexpensive.
Polyfoam for insulation of a house made of bricks And here is how the insulation of the metal entrance door is carried out by oneself, and what materials are most suitable for this can be read
In order to perform the insulation of the brick wall with polystyrene, it is necessary to use the following instruction:
- Remove debris and dust from the wall surface and carefully level it and apply a primer.
- Dilute the adhesive, apply it to the insulation sheets with a spatula.
- Apply the foam to the surface of the wall, and then squeeze it well. Fix the sheets at 5-6 points using dowel-nails.
- After 3-4 days, the sheets are completely dry, so that you can remove the slots with a mounting foam.
- Seams and unevenness should be removed using a glue solution.
- Sheets reinforced with a special mesh. Its installation takes place on the glue. The installation of the grid is carried out with a slight overlap.
- When the insulation is dry, you can proceed to the installation of the front facing of the facade.
But how to properly insulate the ceiling under the insulated roof, and how to properly apply materials, indicated
Styrofoam
Today very often inexperienced people argue that polystyrene and expanded polystyrene are the same materials. But this is far from the case. Simply considered materials are made from the same raw materials, but the methods of their production are different.
For the production of foam plastic dry method is used. The process of processing the granules is carried out by steam in order to obtain a reliable coupling. But expanded polystyrene is produced by extrusion, when melting of granules occurs to a uniform consistency. This way you can insulate the entrance metal two-leaf doors.
Styrofoam for house insulation In terms of strength, density and noise insulation, polystyrene foam is several times greater than polystyrene foam. Such a heat insulator is convenient in terms of mounting under siding and other materials for final finishing. The process of thermal insulation boils down to the following:
- The surface of the wall must be cleaned of debris, plaster and dust. Put the putty on the places where there are cracks. Treat the wall with a primer.
- Install the start profile. Its fasteners should be made with the help of anchors, glue or special pastes. The glue is distributed in the middle of the insulation and along its perimeter. For maximum coupling it is necessary to use dowel-nails.
- Joints between the plates, seal, using the mounting foam.
- At the top of the heater install reinforcing mesh. It should be protected from the effects of acids and alkalis. In the corners fix the galvanized corner to give the whole structure durability.
- Fastening of reinforcing mesh is made with the help of gluing composition, and on top one more layer of gluing composition is applied.
- Treatment of the wall with a primer and plaster. You can give the plaster a different texture, so you can improve the appearance of the building.
Mineral wool
To insulate the brick wall from outside with mineral wool, the following instruction should be used:
And here is how the insulation of the overlap of the cold attic with mineral wool, it is possible to read
Thanks to a wide choice of modern materials for insulation, to isolate a brick house from the cold and keep the heat in it for a long time now is completely easy. Choosing the method and material for thermal insulation, it is necessary to take into account the operating conditions and climatic conditions in your region. If you live in the northern regions, then it is necessary to conduct the thermal insulation in 2 layers, otherwise it will not be possible to get the proper effect.
How to insulate the facade of a brick house under siding with a foam or penokpleksom will tell in this article. Residents of brick houses, like all others, want to make their country house warmer. Consider what to insulate the brick facade, what materials for thermal insulation today is better to use - extruded polystyrene foam, thermo panels, etc. At the end of the material, watch the video with professional tips for warming the brick facade with your own hands.
Thermal insulation of private is important for creating a comfortable stay. Today, manufacturers of building materials offer a very large selection of materials for the thermal insulation of walls. But before the final decision, than to warm the facade of the brick house with your own hands, you should consider all the materials. And only then decide which use of insulation in these or other cases.
The better to insulate the facade of a brick house
For external insulation of brick walls, ordinary and extruded polystyrene foam can be used. Advantages of this material include low thermal conductivity and ease of installation. But the walls of the house, after polystyrene foam polystyrene cease to "breathe", because the material does not pass moisture. It will be necessary additionally to make and basement of the private house.
A photo. Warming of the brick house facade with mineral wool
Another popular thermal insulation for the facade is a plate of mineral wool or fiberglass. Minvata allows to "breathe" the walls, but the material is afraid of moisture. Expanded polystyrene and mineral wool can be sidewashed or plastered. Which heater is better to choose? Consider the popular options for insulation of the facade, so that you can decide which technology to give preference.
How to insulate the facade of a brick house with expanded polystyrene
To work with polystyrene foam does not require much experience and serious skills. Polyfoam is one of the market leaders in popularity, due to its low price and ease of installation. Styrofoam can be used for insulation under siding and under plaster. Thermal insulation of the facade of a brick house with foam plastic is a reliable and inexpensive way to protect the walls of a private house from freezing.
The scheme of warming of a brick facade with polystyrene under a plaster We will consider it, but now we will tell about the technology of "wet facade". The method is a mounting on walls of plates of expanded polystyrene with the help of glue and dowel-mushrooms, gluing reinforcing mesh to the foam with subsequent puttying. At the end of the work, the outer walls will keep the heat in the room, and the plaster will protect the foam from destruction.
Before the installation of the insulation boards, the entire surface must be cleaned, leveled and primed. Plates of foam is laid on the glue with an additional attachment to the dowel-mushrooms. Then the whole surface is pasted with a reinforcing mesh (it protects the solution from cracking) and is grounded. For decorative finishing is used facade plaster.
How to insulate the facade of a brick house with Penoplex
The name of the trademark "Penoplex" has become almost a common name, which is called any extruded polystyrene foam. Meanwhile, TechnoNICOL is in no way inferior to Penoplex by its mechanical and thermal insulation properties. The main advantages of extrusion are low thermal conductivity, high strength and moisture resistance.
A photo. Application of extruded polystyrene foam Warming the facade of a brick house from the outside with a foam is not more difficult than using a foam. You will need to prepare the necessary tool, align and primed the brick wall, on the calculator and determine the finish of the facade. The technology of insulation of brick walls by penokleksom consists of several stages.
First, the installation of extruded polystyrene plates for special glue. The plates are staggered starting from the starting profile. Simultaneously, it is possible to warm the slopes of windows, for which special corner elements can be used. All the cracks between the plates are sealed with a mounting foam. For finishing I use siding or wet facade technology.
How to insulate the facade of a brick house under siding
Siding is one of the most popular materials for facade cladding. Siding panels are resistant to burning out, temperature changes, withstand significant mechanical loads. Siding reliably protects the thermal insulation against the effects of solar ultraviolet radiation and precipitation. The material has many colors and textures, due to which it is possible to decorate any dilapidated facade.
To fix the siding on the facade, use vertical guides made of wooden bars. The guides are fixed strictly vertically with a minimum step on the walls of 300 mm. When using expanded polystyrene and mineral wool, the insulation is laid between the guide rails from the bar. Mineral cotton wool and fiberglass must be additionally protected from moisture by covering it with a vapor barrier film.
When insulating the external walls of expanded polystyrene, there is no need to use a vapor barrier, as the insulation does not absorb moisture. For a better ventilation of the facade, it is necessary to create an air gap between the vapor barrier film and the siding. For this, bridges with a thickness of 20-30 mm should be filled over the crate, covered with a vapor barrier. The last stage of the facade insulation is the fastening of the panels themselves.
How to insulate the facade of a brick house with thermopanels
Thermal panels consist of two layers - the outer lining and thermal insulation. Despite the rather high cost, thermal panels allow to combine the thermal insulation of the facade and the decorative lining. Thermal panels are environmentally friendly, do not emit harmful substances when heated, and a service life of 50 years. Due to the absence of gaps, thermal pans provide a reliable thermal insulation of the structure.
Two methods are used to fix the panels. If the outer surface of the walls of a private house is flat, then the panels can be fastened directly to the facade. Otherwise, the thermopanels are fastened to the crate. The design of the panels is reminiscent of a mosaic, all panels are easily joined together when stacked. There are small holes for fastening to the wall on the front side of the product.