Brick laying, plastering of walls, the device of floor screed and other construction works are based on the use of wet solutions. Cement-sand mixture is a guarantee of long-term service and an impeccable kind of erected objects. To obtain a qualitative homogeneous composition, it is necessary to determine the correct proportions of the components. The costs are based on the actual consumption of the building mix per 1 m2 of working area. You can learn more about the use of cement compounds from.
Traditionally, a solution based on sand and cement is prepared in a ratio of 3: 1. Depending on the purpose and brand of components, the raw proportions of the mixture may vary. The introduction of a variety of additives enriches the composition and gives sand concrete additional properties that affect the quality of the final product.
The developers are offered two options for manufacturing:
- purchase all the components separately and prepare the mixture yourself;
- buy ready-mixed concrete in dry form, packed in bags of 40 or 50 kg.
The second option is somewhat more expensive, but it looks more attractive, especially for inexperienced people. The packaged powder is prepared with correct proportions, so it is easier to calculate the dry mix consumption per 1 m2. To make a solution, just pour in water and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous mass is obtained.
How to calculate the volume of the mixture on the screed?
The surface of the floor in living quarters is usually subjected to a high load. Therefore, a mortar grade M200 is used for the screed. It will require the following materials:
- 50 kg of cement - 1 bag;
- 200 kg of fine sand - about 13 buckets of 10 liters;
- 30-32 liters of water - the total volume of the liquid depends on the moisture content of the sand.
To make the cement-sand mixture elastic, 700-800 g of fiber are added to it.
The amount of dry composition varies depending on the nature of the working surface. On the packages of the packaged mixture indicate its purpose and calculation of raw materials. On average, to fill 1 m 2 of the area with a layer 1 cm thick, 18-20 kg will be required.
Before calculating the total amount of DSP for a particular room, you need to measure the length, width and determine the height of the floor filling. Multiplying the overall dimensions with an average flow, we obtain the required volume of dry solution.
As an example, consider a room area of 24 m 2 (6x4), where you need to fill a screed 2 cm thick:
- 24 × 0.2 × 18 = 86.4 kg.
To the received data we will add 18-20% on shrinkage at a hardening of a coupler:
- 86.4 + 20% = 104 kg.
If it is planned to purchase a ready-made DSP, it remains to determine the required number of bags:
- 104/50 kg = 2 pieces;
- 104/40 kg = 2.5 pcs.
Wall Consumption
The walls do not have such large deviations from the axial line, which are found on the floor. In addition, the load on vertical surfaces is much less than horizontal. Therefore, for the plastering of walls, the use of dry sand concrete M150 is optimal. That is, 50 kg of Portland cement is taken with 150 kg of sand.
The average consumption rate per m2 is 25 kg. Calculation of the volume of dry DSP is carried out according to the same scheme as for floor screed.
Advice of specialists
1. The quality and use of the mortar is affected by the shelf life of the cement. If more than a month has passed from the date of manufacture, the strength of the plaster will decrease by 10-15%. To compensate for this disadvantage, dry mixes are pawned more.
2. All instructions for the self-preparation of the CSP as a whole are of an advisory nature. In practice, it is difficult to maintain the exact match of the selection of ingredients. The larger the fraction of sand, the weaker the adhesion and strength of the hardened surface of the plaster.
3. After approximately 60-90 minutes after mixing, the cement slurry begins to set. It forms small solid pellets, which reduce the quality of the plaster. In order not to allow negative phenomena and not to exceed expenditure, it is advisable to make mixtures of a small volume.
4. If there are potholes and cracks in the floor, then the calculated consumption of the mixture should be increased by another 10-20%. In cases where there are large surface changes, up to 50% of the additional volume is placed on the leveling.
5. To more accurately determine the flow rate of a dry mix per m2 for curved and deformed surfaces, it is necessary to measure the depth of the fill in several places in the room. Based on the obtained data, an average value of the thickness of the plaster layer is derived.
6. To reduce costs and reduce the consumption of DSP, it is possible to introduce fine fractions in the composition. For this, rubble, expanded clay, granite chips are suitable. When choosing this method of saving, it should be remembered that this leads to changes in the technical characteristics of the finished coating.
to curtailIs the screed strong in concrete? What brand should it be? How much is it required per 1 m2 of floor?
Sand concrete for screed is a dry construction mix of coarse and fine sand, portland cement, chemical additives, increasing strength and moisture resistance. Brands:
- M-150;
- M-200;
- M-300.
Calculation of flow
To prepare 1 m3 of material, you need to spend 2000 kg of sandstone M300.
To determine the consumption per m2 coating we use the formula:
V = 2 x h
To calculate the consumption of the amount of dry mixture per room, we use the formula:
V = 2 × h × S
where V is the flow rate (kg), h is the thickness (mm), S is the area of the room (m2).
you need 2 x 30 x 20 = 1200 kg (or 24 bags of 50 kg).
How long it dries
In general, the cement-based mortar gains full strength on the 28th day. But, firstly, some manufacturers use chemical additives that speed up the process. And, secondly, they quickly harden in the first week. Thus, the subsequent work can be done 7 days after pouring.
Prepare it much easier than the classic. This is especially convenient when repairing an apartment with your own hands. You do not have to mix cement and sand in cramped conditions, lifting dust. Unnatural impurities, in addition, increase plasticity and frost resistance.
We draw conclusions. Mark M300 is better suited for floor installation by hands.
Tips for choosing a mixture.
Advice in choosing the material.
When choosing a mixture it is necessary to pay attention to the packaging of the material, the manufacturer, the brand. If the artisanal concrete is of low cost, then the quality, respectively, of this is lower. Low quality is mainly determined by the use of low brands of Portland cement.
If you use a poor-quality material, it is more likely that you expose the metal components of the structure and the reinforcement of corrosion due to the high content of sulphides and chlorine. Also, when the composition dries, detachment may occur, the layer is spilled out.
Materials of factory execution, produced in large production volumes, are more reliable. In the composition of these sand-concrete can be added plasticizers, modifiers or improving the properties of the additive. But even these mixtures have a disadvantage - the absence of antifreeze additives. That is, at a temperature below 5 degrees the material is used
is prohibited.
Delivery is very good, in Moscow, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Surgut, Nizhny Tagil and Chelyabinsk.
We calculate the amount of sand concrete that you need on the floor screed:
1. Indicate the number of square meters of floor.
2. Specify the thickness of the screed in mm.
3. The resulting amount of kilogram of sand concrete is divided into 40 or 50 kg, depending on the volume of 1 bag and get the number of bags you need to purchase.
Thickness of screed (mm):
The amount of sand concrete (kg):
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Calculator of sand concrete allows to calculate the amount of dry mix on a semi-dry floor screed.
The floor screed is one of the final elements of the finishing work associated with the floor. After its carrying out the floor can be covered with the final material (laminate, linoleum, tile, carpet, etc.). The screed is carried out to eliminate all roughness of the floor surface and prepare for final finishing.
The main material that is used for floor screeding is a mixture of concrete and sand. To carry out successful work on a large area, several sandbags will be needed.
Of course, when you are planning repair work, it is important that the amount of material is ideal: that you do not have to buy in addition what was not enough, and that there is no excess that you can not later apply in another area.
In order not to buy less and at the same time not to spend money on excess material, you can use the calculator of sand concrete to the floor screed.
The area covered by the screed surface (in square meters);
The thickness of the screed layer (in millimeters).
The calculator multiplies the area of the object by the thickness of the floor screed and gives you the result how many kilograms of sand concrete it will take to cover your floor. And then you should divide the resulting result by either forty or fifty kilograms, depending on how much sand you will buy in bags of what volume. The resulting value will be the number of sandbags you need.
Important! Do not buy the exact amount of material calculated by the calculator. When carrying out work, there can always be some errors, so the material is best taken with a small margin.
Before we derive the necessary formulas for calculations and compare the obtained data with real materials, we consider it extremely important to clarify what the screed is. This is one of the most important and difficult stages in construction, as during this process, there is leveling of surfaces, such as the floor or foundation tapes under the masonry and so on. Depending on the quality of the screed, such will be the main work on construction and finishing.
But even if you have a huge experience in leveling the screed, its quality is also determined by the consistency of the mortar itself and the correct proportions of materials, as well as the proper cement consumption for the screed.
How to correctly calculate the consumption of cement?
Recall that one of the main materials and a binder for all other components of the screed is a solution. This is, first of all, a mixture that consists of sand, water and cement in certain proportions. It must also be taken into account that the number of components can vary, depending on the properties that builders wish to receive from the finished product, which will change the consumption of materials on the screed, and, accordingly, the calculations.One of the main shortcomings that lead to a poor quality screed is a cement consumption that does not meet the standards, while manufacturing the flow. It is important to take into account that the required number of components for the screed is calculated per one cubic meter of the finished solution. Different mortar conditions are applied with solutions of different grades. The mortar grade is a clear definition of the strength of the future screed and it directly depends on the amount of cement in the mixture.
For example, the consumption of cement grade M400 per cubic meter of M150 for creating and laying the screed will be equal to 490 kilograms. If we take into account the square of the rooms, then literally one square meter will leave about 50 kilograms of cement M400 with a thickness of 1 cm.
This brand of screed solution is one of the most common, so you are sure to use this universal brand of mortar for screed. But often for premises of warehouses, garages and other non-residential premises, cement is used in mortar M200, which gives the screed greater strength and reliability.
Features of screed from cement mortar
Cement mortar for floor screed and other surfaces is particularly suitable for leveling the filled surfaces. After that, the floor covering is laid on the future floor covering. We distribute the mortar to be spread over the entire floor surface and, if necessary, create a slope or simply create an even substrate for the floor covering. The composition of the screed, or rather the components and their consistency, must be calculated before the solution is created to give the floor the necessary useful properties, and it is important to take into account those features that incorrect calculations can lead to cracks and punctures on the surface of the coating after complete drying.
With the curing and drying of the screed, its volume decreases, and this process is uneven and can occur both in area and in volume. This leads to the fact that the coupler cracks and flakes. To prevent this from happening, there are a few tricks. For example, wetting a lot of water screed in places where it begins to exfoliate.
Formulas for calculating the consumption of cement on the screed
But back to what was at the beginning of our article - the material consumption on the screed. Experienced builders have many formulas, thanks to which you can calculate the ideal proportions and, accordingly, get a screed without damage.
If the cement screed is made in a residential building, then the calculation takes place according to the formula 1 to 3, that is, 1 kg of M500 cement is 3 kg of sand and a half liter of water is added to the mixture. Thus, we get a solution of M200 grade.
In order to calculate how much solution is needed to create a screed in a certain room, we use another formula - V = length width of the screed thickness (m³). And now we proceed to the main thing - the resulting number is added to the proportion:
1 m³ - 490kg
V m³-X (kg)
From it we find X (kg) = 490 V / 1 (kg).
Taking into account the peculiarity that the packaging of cement mixtures takes place only for 50 kilogram bags, the number under the "X" sign is divided by 50 and we get the necessary result.
Using these formulas, you can achieve the ideal consistency of the screed, and, accordingly, you have a great chance to make a perfectly flat floor. Further, everything will depend on your ability to level the grout and the correct laying of the floor covering. Best of luck with this!
to curtailA fairly frequent arrangement of screeds on the floor with foundation pouring is done by people who do not have a building education. It is very important to consider what will be equal to the consumption of cement on the screed. Correct calculation will save money, as the loss of materials should be minimal, plus the floor surface is laid in such a way that it can withstand all the loads. In cases where there is too little cement per m2, the screed will crumble, and if the materials are excessive, the financial costs will significantly increase, but the strength of the base will increase severalfold.
Characteristics
Use a mixture of cement and sand for an ideal leveling of the floor or other surfaces - the optimal solution for both budget savings and for convenient maintenance work at home. Calculation of the composition of the screed: ingredients and consistency, as well as the consumption of materials used per 1 m2 (cement, sand) should be carefully planned before starting work on the preparation of the mixture.
If the calculation is accurate, this will not only give the floor surface the highest possible strength, but also a long service life. When making inaccuracies in quantitative proportions per m2, cracks and chips may appear, after the screed of cement and sand has completely dried.
Carrying out floor measurements for further calculations
The correct calculation, which determines the cement consumption for the screed, primarily depends on the measurements of the floor and the records of the final results (per m2). The room in which it is planned, should be freed from unnecessary building materials and garbage. The surface of the floor, respectively - clean, dust free. The initial step in measuring the floor (unit of measure - m2) should be to determine the zero level - the mark anywhere in the room. Using a laser tool or a spirit level, all walls of the room are marked from the selected point.
All marks are connected by one straight line. The difference between these two parameters is the level of the difference in heights, which should not be more than 5 cm. At the highest point of the room from cement and sand, at the minimum level - not less than 0.8 cm. A mismatch will cause the floor surface to crack and crumble.
Calculation of cement per m2: formulas
The general formula of calculation, which would allow to determine with maximum accuracy and accuracy the consumption of mixture for sex on 1m2 for today does not exist. Each repair worker applies his own calculation system, which makes it possible to determine the required proportions of materials used for screeding, which has been tested by practice. If the premise in which the device of a coupler dwelling is planned, calculation it is better to carry out proceeding from a proportion - 1 to 3 (1 part of cement to 3 parts of sand). Cement brand is recommended to use, the amount of water for the solution is 0.5 liters. Excessive amounts of liquid can adversely affect the quality of the final mixture for the floor of the brand M200.
The consumption of cement-sand mixture for a particular room can be calculated as follows: the required volume is equal to the product of the quantities:
- the length of the room;
- thickness of the future coating;
- width of the room.
Arranging the screed of cement and sand to the value obtained (in m2) you need to add another 20%. This parameter indicates shrinkage when the solution cools. If you use ready-made products (pre-packed) for the screed, you should always read the instructions on the package. Usually the most accurate data and calculation of the building material are indicated. In most cases, the estimated flow rate is equal to an interval of 14 to 21 kg per 1 m2 of space. These numbers are valid for a selected layer thickness of 1 cm.
With a layer thickness exceeding 1 cm, the calculation is made according to another scheme:
- the volume (the product of the length, width and thickness of the layer) is calculated;
- the volume value in the calculation is transferred to the expression obtained from the proportion: the required quantity of kilograms = the obtained volume multiplied by 490 (the number of kg in 1 cubic meter) and divided by 50 kg (the mass of a standard bag of cement-sand mixture).
It is very convenient to use the table of consumption of cement, taking into account its brands and solution:
| Cement, brand | Mortar, brand | ||||
| 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 | 150 | |
| 200 | 190 | 320 | 440 | ||
| 300 | 320 | 220 | 310 | 380 | 500 |
| 400 | 440 | 170 | 240 | 300 | 400 |
As a result, it turns out that the construction cost is 9 bags of cement, that is 450 kg, as well as 1300 kg of sand. It is possible to impart a higher strength by adding a small amount of PVA-glue - from 4 to 19 liters per 1 cubic meter. m. It will serve as a plasticizer.
Nuances in calculating
Screed on the surface of the floor - this is a special solution, which includes sand, water, and cement, all of them must be in strictly defined proportions. The quantity and consumption of basic materials are directly proportional to the requirements that the final product must possess. Calculation of flow rates is very important to carry out correctly, as this directly affects the quality of the screed. The main calculation for the solution should be carried out only taking into account all the parameters for 1 m2 or m3, rather than the entire area of the room.
When carrying out work, cement solutions of various grades can be used, it all depends on the surrounding conditions. A solution of M100 grade for the creation of a base of M400 cement consumes about 400 kg. If you convert to m2, you get about 45 - 50 kg - cement consumption - with a layer thickness of 10 mm. It is considered to be the traditional brand, the most popular in the construction of screed. Mark M200 - more reliable and durable - is used to level the base of the floor in warehouses or in garages.
When the screed hardens, as well as completely drying, the initial volume begins to unevenly decrease.
This can lead to strong detachment and considerable cracking of the substrate. In order to avoid this in the course of work, it is required to wet the room of cracking periodically with water at room temperature.
Separately, I would like to focus your attention on the choice of supplier of building materials. We categorically do not recommend buying cement from the contractor, so you will not know in what conditions it was stored, how much it was in the warehouse or the car.
Due to long storage, due to lack of storage conditions, cement can lose up to 15% of its activity per month. After all, his most dangerous enemies, moisture and carbonic acid, are in the atmosphere. The decline in activity inhibits the process of hydration of cement.
Here we should pay attention to the fact that the higher the initial activity, the faster it is lost. Let's consider an example. You bought cement brand 500. Two months stored in the warehouse. And he can already show the brand 400 ... Keep another six months .... And you just throw it away ...
Of course, a simple philistine can object, and if you store cement under ideal conditions: in moisture-proof packaging and dry premises. Alas, this process can not be completely stopped, you can only slow down. For this, the appropriate storage conditions for cement are necessary: the type of storage, the humidity of the ambient air.
The ideal place of purchase is, since they take cement for orders, directly from the manufacturer's warehouse, and accordingly they do not deposit.
Retail chains have warehouses, and the chain, manufacturer-storage warehouse, - transportation to the warehouse of the retail network, again storage in the warehouse until the moment of sale, then again transportation, already to the seller, is already included.
The risks of getting a poor-quality product increase, 2 storage points, plus 2 transportation.
Buying an online store cuts off one link, cement is brought to you directly from the factory, unless the seller is a small intermediary, usually the role of the seller is performed by the contractor, offering turnkey work with their material.
The delivery is very well adjusted, and the cement is guaranteed to come fresh from the producer to the customer
in Moscow, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Surgut, Nizhny Tagil and Chelyabinsk.