The walls in the house are of great importance. They occupy the largest area of the room and set the tone for the design.
Walls from sip panels before the finish
Expensive furniture, exquisite decorative elements and modern surface finish look beautiful only on perfectly smooth walls, without cracks and other defects. This is possible if the roughing of the walls is done correctly and qualitatively.
Types of rough finishing
Starting wall decoration is the creation of the main surface for the finish decorative finish, that is, the alignment of walls and the elimination of defects. To this stage of repair proceed, when all are laid hidden communications (electrical wiring, water supply, sewer pipes small size) and installed a flat floor. There are two ways of leveling the walls: plaster and plasterboard plastering.
If the house is made of bricks, monolithic reinforced concrete or concrete slabsBoth types of roughing are used in such premises. Primary plastering with cement, gypsum and polymer mixtures gives a stronger supporting structure, but the process itself is very laborious, dirty and long-lasting. Using gipsokartonnyh sheets to level the walls can be much faster, and during operation there is no dust and dirty waste.
If the frame house type is made of self-supporting panels, the surface is leveled by the OSB with slabs to which the GCR is installed. Finishing can be the most diverse:
- putty with painting;
- wood trim;
- putty and wallpapering;
- ceramic tiles, etc.
Stages of primary wall finishing with plaster
At large roughnesses of old walls it is expedient to use plastering mixtures. Modern plasters are not subject to shrinkage and they can be applied on a plane with a large layer, more than 5 cm. The plastering process consists of the following stages:
- Preparation of old walls. It implies the removal of dust and dirt, plastering potholes and cracks, impregnation with a primer.
- Fastening on the surface of metal beacons exposed on the level, and plaster mesh.
- Plastering by casting or spreading. With significant unevenness, more than 2 cm, the plaster is applied in two steps: the first time the mixture is poured, and wait until this layer dries. Then they throw a second layer and stretch it with a board-iron or rule. If there is no skill in throwing, you must immediately apply the mixture with a trowel. First plastered sections with a large curvature, then the solution is applied to the entire area.
- After complete drying of the surface, the beacons are removed and impregnated with a primer.
This method of rough finishing is also called "wet".
The stages of primary wall finishing with gypsum plasterboard
AT frame houses roughing works with walls do, using the following materials:
- metal or wooden profiles for the framework;
- OSB, chip board, plasterboard sheets;
- vapor barrier and waterproofing films;
- heat-insulating materials of the type mineral wool, fiberglass, extruded foam, etc .;
- paint fleece;
- putty mixes.
The merits of a frame house can be attributed to the fact that it is very quickly built, and interior decoration is produced at any time of the year. Houses from the SIP panels are finished with a "dry" method, and you only need to provide warm and dry air in the room for working with materials.
And this is possible, if the finish begins with a technical installation, in which the heating equipment will be connected and working. A couple of weeks after turning on the heating, rough work begins with the walls in the house.
Stages of finishing the walls in a private house:
- Installation of a wooden or iron frame under the GKL. It consists of UD and SD profiles. UD - guide rails along the entire perimeter of the walls, and SD - inserts, forming a grate for fixing the plates. On the walls and ceiling make a marking of the frame, a plumb line from the ceiling determine on the floor where the racking profiles will be fastened. To give the frame reliability it is attached to the main wall on the suspension.
- If you plan to hang heavy light fixtures and other objects on the walls, you should provide the framework with rigidity and impact resistance. For this purpose, boards 4-5 cm thick are attached to the wall and to the frame.
- Installation GKL on a skeleton. Gypsum boards are very fragile, working with them better with a partner. Attach the GCR with self-tapping screws with a hidden head 1.5 cm from the edge of the sheet. The fixing points are three: on the sides and in the middle. Braced sheets.
- In concrete and brick houses It is possible to fasten plasterboard directly to the main surface, using glue. Glue is chosen specially for the type of main walls. This method is very fast, if the main surface is flat, with a significant curvature to level the walls with gypsum plasterboard on the glue is problematic.
- Puttying. it final stage rough surface treatment. Produce its mineral (cement and gypsum) or polymer (dispersion) putty. At the joints between the plates, the paint fleecein is glued and pressed with a trowel. To completely level the joints, we walk over them with putty and perfectly smooth. After complete drying, fill the whole surface with a starting mixture with 0.6 mm grains.
- When the first layer has dried, it is primed and a finish putty with grains from 0.3 mm is applied. Wait for complete drying, and the wall under the decorative finish is ready.
Other variants of rough finishing
In the ancillary or utility rooms, OSB slabs are also used. Their structure is such that when the temperature drops, the sheets do not become wet and do not crumble, like the GCR. The partitions in the house are made of magnesite boards and chipboard sheets.
Structure of glass-magnesite plate
Walls of houses in a cottage style finish wood paneling or a beam, but the tree must first be treated with antiseptic and other substances, so that it does not collapse.
Advantages of "wet" and "dry" versions of rough work
Each of the ways of roughing the walls has its pros and cons, consider them.
Advantages of plaster:
- The plastered walls are shockproof and durable. Qualitatively done repairs will last more than 30 years.
- Plaster mixes are cheaper than plasterboard, although the services of masters will cost more than otherwise.
- In bathrooms and rooms, which are heated not regularly the walls are better plastered.
Advantages of drywall:
- Work with him takes half the time, the sheets have a perfectly flat surface and achieve results much easier.
- The walls of the GKL are also very strong, this is achieved by reinforcement boards and two layers of plasterboard.
- From the GKL it is very convenient and fast to build arches, decorative niches, alcoves, niches for cabinets and other architectural solutions.
- All the walls in frame houses are made with the use of insulating and soundproof materials, which are under the GKL. Such walls are warm and do not allow noise.
- On gypsum cardboard you can make any decorative decoration of the walls.
conclusions
Any repair or construction involves cash costs. Before you start decorating the walls, you need to think carefully about the layout of the room, inspect the walls for defects, study the cost of building materials and calculate the approximate costs. You also need to consider your skills and experience, then you quickly decide which version of the rough finish suits you more.
Qualitative overhaul is divided into two stages:
- rough,
- Finishing (finishing).
Rough repairs for the secondary market
When repairing an apartment or office space in the secondary real estate market, rough repair will include the dismantling of old structures, such as:
- doorways;
- Window openings;
- walls;
- the sexes;
- communication systems for water supply and plumbing;
- power supply systems;
- heating.
The rough construction works include leveling and elimination of all defects in walls and ceilings, flooring, leveling of the floor, installation of warm floors in the room, installation of sanitary ware, laying of power supply cables, telephone communications, television and internet connection cables. At the same stage, there is an installation of internal communications, such as:
- heating;
- water supply;
- sewage.
When carrying out rough construction works, it is possible to perform works on uniting the loggia and rooms in the apartment, glazing and insulating the balcony, and strengthening the window blocks. All these works must be carried out in order to bring the room into its original form, i.e. to remove "traces of dwelling", the remains of the previous repair, in order to start the planned work on improving the room and giving it a new appearance.
Rough repairs for new buildings
The trend of the modern construction market is that apartments are not rented as before, with finishing, but with a rough repair. Ie from the new building all the construction debris is cleaned, the double-glazed windows are installed, the walls are leveled, the ceilings are covered and the floors are filled, the ties are made, all communications are hidden and hidden in the box, the position of the power supply systems is marked. At the same time apartments often do not even have plumbing installed, and water supply and sewerage systems are installed so that the tenant can independently plan the location of the bath, shower, etc.
It should be understood that you can not rent a house with a rough repair of an entrance, therefore, staircases, elevator and auxiliary premises must be cleaned out.
Rough work often takes much more time and effort than finishing, and therefore when planning repairs it is necessary to make an estimate for the performance of all these works. This is necessary for complete and qualitative performance of repair work.
Choosing an apartment in a new building, buyers are often faced with the question of which option to trim - "clean" or "rough". In other words, what is better: pay more and move into the apartment already prepared for living, or pay less during the construction phase, and then repair and equip the apartment completely to your taste?
Let's understand together what is hidden under the definitions of "rough" and "clean" finish.
There is a notion that in the case of "rough" finishing, the apartment is purchased from the minimums of the finishing works executed, namely: there are load-bearing walls and walls according to the design plan; walls are not plastered; there is a floor screed; the apartment has heat, water, electricity, gas, installed the front door, as well as the windows according to the project. "Finish" finish, in addition to all of the above, implies the implementation of cosmetic finishing works, including the wallpapering, linoleum flooring, plumbing installation, electrical appliances and so on.
However, it is important to understand that the above picture is very conditional - it reflects only the generally accepted concept, which has no legal justification.
How to answer the question, what is roughing and finishing, lawyers?
"target =" _ blank "\u003e (Legal Center "EGIDA"):
"There are no standards established by law. As a rule, the customs of business turnover are in force, and generally accepted concepts used in construction are common. However, I dare say that if the contract provides for the construction of an apartment in accordance with the project, it is necessary to find out what the project envisages in this case, to what extent construction work should be carried out. "
"Roughing" and "finishing" are just the terms that are used in everyday life, whereas only those provisions that are fixed on paper at the time of the conclusion of the contract have a real force.
What can the shareholder expect, in whose contract it is registered that the apartment is rented with a "rough" finish. According to A.A. Kovshutin, this is the apartment box with interroom partitions, possibly partially or completely plastered with cement or lime mortar. The supply of cold and hot water supply risers without internal wiring is provided. The apartment is wired electrical wiring without the installation of electrical appliances. Installed heating appliances, wooden windows are installed (plastic windows can be installed at the same time for a fee). The entrance door is ordinary wooden. In other words, it's a naked box with all the necessary communications for housing. "The main thing that should provide for" roughing "the finishing of a new apartment is the conformity of the design layout, smooth walls, that is, all surfaces must be level, strictly horizontal or vertical, without cracks, electrical wiring must comply with SNiP, power cables must correspond to the power consumption of the project, there must be air ducts and other engineering communications appropriate to the project, "the lawyer notes.
Unlike the "rough", an apartment with a "finishing" finish can represent everything that is listed for "rough" finishing, plus this:
- the floor must be aligned with the one on it floor covering (linoleum, laminate, parquet board, etc.);
- walls should be plastered, leveled, and have a wall covering (paint, wallpaper, decorative tiles, etc.);
- Sockets and switches must be installed on walls;
- in the shared construction project, all plumbing devices and metering devices;
- Depending on the project, a kitchen or an electric stove must be installed in the kitchen of the apartment;
- entrance door and interior doors or should be made of a material that does not require painting, or be painted;
- windows and doors on the loggia should be made of either plastic or wood, in the latter case should be painted;
- The ceiling of the apartment must be leveled and painted with paint;
- The apartment must be provided with heat-water-electric supply, in the case of the presence of a gas supply project, all gas appliances must be connected and pressurized;
- an elevator in an apartment building should be accepted for operation and functioning.
The difference between "finishing" and "rough" is that when buying such a house there is a possibility of settling in after the signing of the transfer / acceptance certificate, the lack of "finishing" is that, with this finish, cheap materials and equipment are usually used, not meeting modern requirements, and the quality of work can leave much to be desired.
In any case, the basis and the point of support in the acceptance of the apartment should serve as project documentation and, of course, the contract concluded between the interest-bearer and the developer. Referring specifically to the contract and the project documentation, you can file a claim to the developer or defend your case in court, if there is such a need.
However, not infrequently questions arise not only regarding the list finishing materials and the form in which the apartment is rented. Paying for the apartment with a fine finish, the real estate agent sees that he was installed plumbing, windows or doors of the wrong brand that was promised. What can be done in this situation?
http://law.vdolevke.ru/expert/87016/ "target =" _ blank "\u003e Andrey Aleksandrovich Kovshutin (Legal Center "EGIDA"):
"When signing a contract, in addition to other issues, it is necessary to obtain as much information as possible about the subject matter of the share agreement, in what condition the apartment is to be handed over and handed over to the shareholder. The specified information should be reflected in the share agreement as fully as possible. Obviously, it is necessary to include an apartment in the contract with a description of the finishing of each room, the materials used, as well as the installed sanitary and other appliances, including utilities.
If the shareholder saw that the construction does not use the materials provided for, he must notify the developer in writing, demanding clarification on this fact, as well as the elimination of this shortcoming during the construction period. "
To demand fulfillment of obligations from the developer, the participant in the shared construction can only, if these obligations are fixed by the contract, verbal promises of the representatives of the Developer regarding the particular characteristics of sanitary ware, doors, windows, etc. can not be taken into account.
Thank you! http://law.vdolevke.ru/expert/87016/ "target =" _ blank "\u003e AA Kovshutina and" Legal Center "EGIDA" for assistance in the preparation of the article.