Materials for finishing the facades must be thought through at the design stage of the house. The appearance of the future structure should ideally fit into the landscape design, be neat and beautiful. Finishing the facade performs several important functions:
- decorative;
- solves the issue of sound insulation;
- serves as warming the house.
All material must be strong, resistant to external irritants and perfectly tolerate climatic conditions. In this article, we will discuss in detail, from which facing products, it is best to carry out external work and reveal all the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Types of finishing materials
The modern construction market offers a lot of products for facade works. The most common products among buyers are:
- porcelain tiles;
- decorative plaster;
- tiles or clinker bricks;
- siding;
- sandwich panel;
- natural or artificial stone;
- front cassettes.
All the presented finishing materials for the facades of private houses have their advantages and disadvantages, and also differ in price policy. Therefore, in order to choose the right product, you need to calculate their cost and take into account all the advantages. Thanks to finishing facade materials, experts solve several tasks, such as:
- uneven construction;
- possible geometric errors;
- wear and deterioration of the facade part of the structure;
- additional warming;
- decorative improvement and improvement of appearance.
Full characteristics of facade products
Porcelain tiles
Ceramic granite is one of the best solutions for cladding the facade part of the building. The assortment of the product is rich in a color palette and forms, though it is impossible to put a drawing on it. Rainbow appearance of granite is especially attractive. Also, manufacturers produce granite in the form of wood or stone, this material looks natural and natural. The main properties of this material:
- has high strength and long service life;
- resistant to mechanical damage;
- has a high moisture resistance, the structure of the product does not absorb water, thanks to this, cracks do not form on the surface and the frost is perfectly tolerated;
- is resistant to any temperature regime, it is also worth noting that ceramic granite does not burn;
- has a steady color, does not burn out in the sun;
Complicated installation, this is perhaps the only drawback. For the installation of porcelain stoneware use a metal frame or glue. It is better not to use cement mortar, t. the lining can fall off.
Products porcelain is:
- matt;
- mosaic;
- polished;
- glazed;
- structured;
- polished;
- half polished.
Decorative plaster
The use of decorative plaster for the facade of the house is considered one of the first methods of facing the structure. Over the past decades, the plaster has become solid and stable. Due to the large selection, you can find the mixture smooth or with different patterns. Main characteristics:
- Aesthetic appearance. Thanks to a large number of colors and textures, you can give a beautiful view to the house.
- Increased water resistance. Plaster is able to protect the building from moisture and dampness.
- Frost resistance. Perfectly tolerates high temperatures, does not crack and does not burst.
- Easy to apply. The mixture is easily applied to the facade of the building, the work does not require the use of special equipment.
Types of decorative plasters:
Mineral mixture is the most common, the main advantage is low cost and a large selection of colors. It has a high biological stability, which excludes the formation of harmful microorganisms. The field of application is wide enough, due to the fact that the mixture does not burn, it is also used for finishing in easily flammable structures. Out of lack, it is worth noting, poor elasticity, with the shrinkage of the foundation, cracks can form.
Acrylic mixture, in contrast to mineral, has good elasticity and does not allow the formation of cracks when shrinking the house. Such plaster is resistant to frost and moisture. The material does not burn, but it is not recommended to connect it with a heater of mineral wool. Its disadvantage is that the surface is quickly contaminated.
Silicate mixture, according to professionals, is considered the most durable. This plaster can last about 30 years without losing its appearance. The main advantage is that even if the facade is smeared, then under the influence of rain all the dirt is quickly washed off. Also, it does not let moisture pass and it tolerates frosts well.
Silicone mixture the most modern and ideal type of plaster. This friable has no shortcomings, except for one, high cost. It perfectly coexists with all types of facade structures and can last a long time, self-cleaning with wind and precipitation.
Clinker brick
Clinker brick is often used as a finishing material for. In appearance it resembles an ordinary brick, and the number of titles is more than 100 species. Produce it from natural materials, adding clay and various dyes. The brick is divided into 3 main types:
- front;
- paving;
- facing tiles.
Clinker brick is durable, does not absorb moisture, has high chemical resistance. The finished facade with a facing tile or brick well tolerates high and low temperatures. The only drawback is the high cost and complexity of installation.
Siding
Decorative siding is the most successful finish of the house. Sewing the house with your own hands is an easy task, this material is not difficult to install and does not require the use of heavy equipment. Siding perfectly protects the house from external stimuli and insulates it. There are several varieties of this product:
- vinyl plates: not expensive material, not resistant to mechanical damage;
- wooden stove:made of wood, holds heat well, has a beautiful appearance, a shortage is considered a short period of operation and constant care;
- metal plates: they are made of steel, strong enough, but there is a drawback, if the panel is damaged, the formation of a corrosive process is possible;
- cement slabs:heavy siding, which heavies the whole structure, so when attaching cement siding you need to strengthen the foundation;
- socle plates:this is a thick product designed for a high build.
Sandwich panels
This material represents two cross-linked layers, between which a heater is laid. Most often it is used for plating new buildings and renovating old ones, to give a beautiful appearance. Sandwich panels are waterproof, fireproof and well tolerate any temperature. Another nice feature is that when one panel is deformed, it can be replaced without dismantling nearby. The disadvantage of such panels is their high cost.
Natural or artificial stone
The facade of a stone house always looks rich and beautiful. The product is quite expensive, but justified. According to its characteristics, the stone is durable, reliable and resistant to any irritants and damages. Facing the facade of the house with a stone will help to solve any of your design ideas.
The photo shows the facades of houses lined with artificial stone
Facade cassettes
Facing the house with façade cassettes is an ideal option for installing a ventilated facade. Such tapes are attached using self-tapping screws, using concealed or open methods. Has a large selection of colors and sizes. The product is reliable, fireproof, resistant to moisture, frost and mechanical damage. Façade cassettes are ideal for pouring a new building or tidying up an old house. Of the disadvantage, it should be noted only high cost.
As you can see, there is a large selection of products for the cladding of the front of the house. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages. If you are in doubt when choosing a finishing material, look at the photos of already finished projects, perhaps they will help visually present your house and make the right choice. In any case, do not skimp on the material; It depends not only on the appearance of the structure, but also on the duration of its operation.
The decoration of buildings with artificial stone begins to be more and more popular with consumers. This way makes it possible to make the facades truly original, thereby showing the owner's inner world, its priorities and tastes.
To ensure that the result has completely satisfied you, and the finish has not collapsed in a few years, you need to know the specifics of the finishing process and what material is made of.
Of what do
The technology is based on several stages of production:
- A base is produced, which most often comes from cement with filler. Although there are other options.
- The properties of the material depend mainly on the filler, and the main - light weight. To help achieve this parameter allows fine-grained expanded clay. The material has a low density, which makes it possible to reduce the total weight of the stone of relative natural. Also in production, expanded clay is replaced with pumice or ceramic crumb.
- A very important component of the material - additives. Among them isolating strengthening components, plasticizers and reinforcing mixtures.
- Staining the stone gives it the necessary color and brightness. This is promoted by coloring pigments, which should be qualitative, because the life of the color depends on them and the possibility of its burning out. Pigments can be added directly to the mixture or applied to the surface of the stone.
At the last stage an artificial finishing stone for the facade is covered with water-repellent compounds.
Stacking technology
Surface preparation
The façade of the house can be finished with artificial stone, the walls of which are made of any materials, in particular from:
- concrete;
- bricks;
- foam blocks;
- profile panels;
- tree.
In this case, not all types of lining material require the preparation of a perfectly flat surface. For example, when a piece with a relief surface is used, simulating sandstone, where rough chips or unprocessed stone are allocated.
However, do not be too lazy and check the wall on the plane, so that there are no big differences. If you decide to use a product made under river stone or brick, then take care of a perfectly flat surface.
Aligning walls
The decoration of facades with artificial stone in most cases occurs on a flat surface of the wall. To do this, take the building rule and check it. If the gap between it and the surface is no more than 3-5 mm, you can use the lining without prior alignment.
In another situation, on brick and concrete walls, it is necessary to make plastering pits or to remove protruding parts.
For wood, more thorough preparation should be done:
- take away all the sticking nails with your own hands;
- replace the rotten boards and those that touched the mold;
- fasten those that do not hold fast;
- waterproof the places where the finish will be made;
- install a reinforcing mesh on the wall.
Tip: on a flat surface, you can lay an artificial stone directly on the mesh.
In another case, it must be pre-plastered.
The best way is to install a ventilated facade, otherwise, such walls can quickly rot.
- Make a crate on the surface.
- Attach to it chip-cement or asbestos slabs, so that the surface is suitable for laying.
- Between the pillars of the battens you can install a heater (polyurethane foam or mineral wool).
Before installing the stone on the plastered surface, it must also be brought into compliance with the standards. For this purpose, thoroughly clean the walls of the old peeling plaster. Repair the surface by covering the damaged areas, align them and wipe them.
Choice of stone
- Check the artificial stone for the decoration of the facade from the packs to the marriage and put the substandard aside. Then they will not interfere with the work and will not fall into the wrong moment.
- Mix the selected products, since they can differ in color or shade from different batches. After such will be distributed naturally over the entire facade.
- Lay out the future drawing on a flat surface in order to pre-determine the order of installation.
- Cut off the projected excess parts with the help of the EW ("Bulgarian") with a disc on the stone.
- Brush on the metal side of the stone, which will apply glue.
Adhesive solutions
- They should consist of cement, sand, mineral and organic base, plasticizers and meet the following criteria:
- temperature compliance - the solution should be used for outdoor work, be resistant to temperature changes and high humidity;
- the time for fixing the masonry should be from 30 minutes;
- operating state of the solution - up to 60 minutes;
- the best solutions are those made directly from the dry mixtures at the work site.
- The dry mix must have the following characteristics:
- the consistency should allow the solution to be applied in a thin layer;
- the prepared mixture must be homogeneous and elastic;
- the density of the finished mortar must be in accordance with the technical regulations - the stone should not slip on the glue mass.
Finishing technology
Below is a detailed instruction that will help you understand the essence of the process:
- Moisten the surface of the wall with water or acrylic primer with a roller or a wide brush approximately 20 minutes before laying the stone.
- Start work from the top row, then the lower rows will remain clean from the glue.
- Angle stones must be installed first, laying corners completely from top to bottom, the next - around the door and window openings. If you use smooth stones - watch the horizontal lines, if another form is optional. Then begin laying the ordinary masonry stones.
- Apply the mortar on the stone and on the wall. Make sure that the front of the stone is clean all the time. The adhesive layer is 5-10 mm.
- Apply the stone to the wall tightly, for which it should be moved to the sides. Make sure there is a little glue on the perimeter.
The masonry can be made suture and seamless, and it depends on the shape of the stone. In the first case, fill the gap between the stones with a special mortar for embroidering. Usually round or uneven stones are made with seams, and even without - but it all depends on you. When choosing a seamless method of laying, it should be a solution from under the stones.
The cutting is carried out for the masonry sealing:
- Strip the seams between the stones lightly.
- Use to fill the seams dense p / e package, which is filled with mortar and cut off a corner of it with a size less than the width of the seam.
- Push gently on the bag and fill gently in the seams. If the stone is stained, immediately clean it.
Tip: Facing the façade with an artificial stone must end at a level of 60-70 mm from the ground so that it does not exfoliate from the surface when it comes into contact during the cold with the ground or frozen frost.
Conclusion
Modern technologies have made it possible to create analogues of natural stone. Finishing of facades with artificial products on many parameters is not inferior to it, and their price and simplicity of care exceed it.
The installation of a decorative stone is not very complicated, so it is often done on its own. In the video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.
Finishing the facade with panels
from 680 rubles / m 2
Finishing of facades with plaster
from 350 rubles / m 2
Decorating facades with artificial stone
from 1250 rubles / m 2
We offer finishing of facades houses with artificial stone for the cost of works from 1250 rubles / m 2 (10.2014). At us in staff professional masters, and behind shoulders - hundreds executed projects. We give a guarantee of 3 years for the quality of the façade made of artificial stone!
Facing houses with artificial stone
Finishing process
- Masters perform the preparation of bases in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01. Loose surfaces are removed. If necessary, perform partial repair or full leveling of the walls. Prepared bases are ground.
- After the materials are delivered, the master spreads the stones on a flat surface to compose a future drawing of the facade cladding.
Executing the layout
- Our masters analyze combinations of different stones. Specialists select such solutions, in which there are no accumulations of small or large stones in one part of the figure. This work requires special quality. The aesthetic appearance of your stone facade depends on how well the master performs the layout.
- When performing work with low humidity or high temperature, the artificial stone is wetted.
Preparation for priming and wetting the stone before laying
- Masters prepare a special glutinous mixture and transfer the pattern of the layout to the facade. We choose the right glue according to the weight of the stones.
- Facing begins from the corner of the building. For this, the craftsmen use short and long sides of the corner elements for each side of the facade.
- The glue is applied to the wall and to the stone.
- For more durable bonding, the stones are slightly pricked with a mallet. During the laying process, the masters control the thickness of the joints between the cladding elements.
Beginning of laying from the corner and performing the work
- To the seaming of the seamstresses proceed after the drying of the adhesive composition. As a rule, this happens at least after 3 days. The seams are filled with a special trowel, which simulates a mortar mixture and protects the finish from moisture. For this operation, use a syringe gun. After the solution has dried (at least 30 minutes), the craftsmen smooth it with a figured scapula.
Filling and grouting joints
- After the final drying of the joints, remove the rest of the trowel with a brush.
- To protect the masonry from moisture, it is sprayed with a special solution. Perform this operation after completely drying the cladding.
- Finishing with artificial stone is carried out at a temperature of + 5 ° C to + 25 ° C.
- For cladding wooden bases need a layer of waterproofing, which is carried out plastering with reinforcement.
- When applying a thick layer of glue, it is possible to slip the artificial stone from the surface of the facade.
- Check the date of manufacture of artificial stones and the batch of each package. This will ensure the uniformity of the color of your facade.
- Buy a stone with a small margin. The smaller the facing area, the more stock is needed. Approximately the quantity of the goods is increased by 3 ... 15%.
Decorating with artificial stone requires high skills. Our masters offer the best options for the design of the facade, which will decorate the modern house or cottage. Call, find out the details and order quality with a turn-key guarantee!