Instructions
There are two best ways to warm the walls: using mineral heaters (Rockwool, Isover, URSA, etc.) and giposcarton, and using polystyrene foam (solid foam). If in the first case you only need to plaster off the finished walls of plasterboard, then in the second wall you have to plaster, paying special attention to leveling. Warming walls foam polysterol is considered more effective.
Method one
Begin by gluing the walls with a quality heat-insulating material based on polypropylene foam. Then go to the installation of horizontal metal frame guides for the plasterboard wall. They should be fixed on the floor and ceiling at a distance of 40-60 mm from the wall. In the guides, set the profile, in increments of 600 mm.
The space between the wall and the profile is filled with a mineral heater. Do this as carefully as possible, avoiding the formation of voids. After this, you can install horizontal profile slats in steps of 600 mm. As a result, you should get a metal hard frame, which will serve as the basis for gipsokartonnyh sheets.
Secure the sheets of plasterboard on a metal frame. Install the whole sheets first. Their typical size will avoid inconsistencies if you set the profile in steps of 600 mm, adhering to the level. Finally, trim the sheets, and attach them to the profile in places where it is not possible to install whole sheets.
Progruntuyte erected wall, and after drying, glue all joints with a sickle or paper tape. After this, it is necessary to fill all joints with elastic gypsum putty like Pufas or Uniflot. This will eliminate the formation of cracks on the wall at the junctions.
At the final stage, it is necessary to perform the putty base, and then the finishing putty. After this, the walls must be carefully polished, primed and painted or wallpapered.
Method of the second
Start by preparing the walls for work. Clean them from the wallpaper, behind the putty and paint. Soak the walls and wait for the surface to dry. Using a tile adhesive, glue the foam polystyrene plates to the wall. In advance, pick up such slabs, which along the edges have docking grooves - this will avoid the formation of cracks between the slabs.
When you have pasted the walls with polystyrene foam, plaster the walls using tools for leveling large surfaces. After completing the plaster, perform plastering, polishing, priming and go to wallpapering or painting the walls.
When there is a need to insulate a wall in a corner room, first of all it is necessary to decide how much you are willing to invest in this event. Proceeding from this, choose a heater and other materials suitable for self-installation.
You will need
- - heater;
- - profile / timber;
- - drywall;
- - instruments.
Very often it is required to insulate apartments in buildings with panel walls, because of their insufficient thickness. In this case, the room quickly becomes damp, and the heating system does not always fully cope with its tasks, which leads to a drop in temperature in the rooms. How to insulate the inside of the wall in the apartment, what materials and how to apply, it is suggested to get acquainted from the article.
A more effective way of keeping heat is. But, this option is quite expensive due to the great complexity of its implementation, requiring the use of special equipment if the apartment is located above the first two floors.
In addition, the insulation of walls from inside the apartment is justified in the case when:
- There is a ban by the authorities that does not allow changing the facade of the building: its cultural value, the front side, which faces the central streets.
- Behind the wall is a deformation seam between the two buildings.
- Placement behind the wall of the elevator shaft or other unheated room in which it is impossible to mount the insulation.
In this case, the best option is to insulate the walls from inside the apartment, despite the decrease in the useful area of the room: a warm apartment of slightly smaller area is always better than the big one, with cold rooms. In addition, all the work inside the rooms can be done by themselves, without involving specialists. The main thing is to prepare the necessary materials and tools.
When installing in an apartment of independent heating equipment, insulated walls help to save energy.
Pros and cons of internal insulation of walls are presented in the table:
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Correct insulation from the inside
Thermal insulation of the walls of the apartment from the inside, preventing the formation of condensation due to temperature changes in winter, the appearance of mold stains on the walls, must be carried out with careful observance of all technological recommendations.
Great importance in the design of the thermal insulation "pie" has a device of high-quality vapor barrier, which protects the insulation from penetration of moisture into it.
Before you insulate the wall inside the apartment from the inside, it is worth getting acquainted with some recommendations for the process:
- To acquire high-quality vapor barrier film, waterproof tape to seal the butt seams between the sheets.
- Prepare a material with a small vapor permeability, lower than that of the walls. This will ensure the evaporation of moisture towards the street, and not into the apartment.
- The gluing of the insulation must be made very tightly to the plane of the wall.
- Inside the premises it is necessary to equip natural or mandatory additional ventilation, which will avoid the appearance of excess moisture. For example, for this, on the window frames, valves are installed, through which air will enter the room, as in the photo.
- Before you insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside, you just need to calculate the required thickness of the insulation. This value depends on the average daily temperature in the region in winter.
Tip: If the thickness of the thermal insulation material is less than the calculated parameters, the steam-heat balance will be violated.
- Installation of the wall insulation system is carried out after treatment with special priming solutions. This will prevent the appearance of mold, increase adhesion in the device of thermal insulation.
- Mount the heater can only be on a well-dried wall.
- When installing the heater, do not allow "cold bridges", especially in the areas of butt seams, which can spoil the whole process.
Materials for insulation
Than to warm a wall in an apartment from within - everyone chooses himself.
The table shows some types and characteristics of materials:
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These are the main materials, than to insulate the walls in the apartment from the inside.
Advice: When warming walls in an apartment, two basic rules must be observed: the creation of a strong vapor barrier preventing condensation between the wall and the heater; a device for reliable ventilation, to remove moist air from the room.
Before you insulate the walls from inside the apartment, in order to avoid unnecessary costs, it is recommended to get acquainted with the information on this issue, and it is better to view the video in this article. All thermal insulation materials are divided into groups that correspond to the material used to build the walls of the house.
For example:
- For a brick wall a heater is used, which can not be taken for a wall of concrete. It is best in this case to purchase expanded polystyrene foam.
- Concrete walls are better insulated with expanded polystyrene (see), but extruded.
- For walls of concrete, any insulation is suitable, but on condition that a vapor-insulating material, such as foil, is placed on one of its surfaces.
Warming with penophenol
To achieve maximum effect, it is necessary to provide an air gap of up to two centimeters on both sides. In this case, the roll foam foil is attached to a wooden crate attached to the base.
For this:
- Wooden slats two centimeters thick are fixed to the wall surface vertically or horizontally with a step, along the width of the roll.
- In the wooden walls the straps are fixed with screws, for the concrete and brick walls, dowels are used.
- From the roll of material cut off the desired length of the strip and shoot with staples using a construction stapler to the slats.
- The installation of foamed foamed polystyrene is done in a butt-end, with a foil-side inside the room.
- All joints are carefully glued with aluminum tape.
- Install and fasten the screws to the lath of the lath, providing an external air layer.
- Outside, the walls are faced with plasterboard sheets, lining or other materials.
Use of mineral wool
This is a more complicated process, requiring the use of additional elements - wooden rails.
The order of installation is as follows:
- Wall rails are installed on the walls using a building level to provide a single plane for all elements.
- Between the slats the waterproofing material is laid, and fixed directly to the slats.
- The heater itself is stacked.
Tip: To prevent the formation of "cold bridges", the thermal insulation material must be placed in the space between the slats very tightly, cutting it slightly larger than the distance between the slats. Between the canvases there should be no gaps.
- The vapor barrier material is laid and fixed to the rails.
- If there is no plaster layer, it is better to lay the mineral wool into two layers.
Warming with expanded polystyrene
This is a fairly simple and cheapest option for warming the apartment. If the brickwork of the wall is made of bricks it is necessary, first of all, plaster.
Then:
- After the coating has dried, the wall is leveled with putty.
- The waterproofing material is laid, which gives a 100% guarantee of protecting the wall from the formation of condensate at the junction between it and the heater.
- Put the insulation sheets on a special glue. In this case, the composition is applied to the surface of the wall, rather than to the foam.
- Foam panels are located butt-end, without gaps (see).
- The vapor barrier material is laid.
Thermal insulation with polyurethane foam
Special equipment is used for the spraying of polyurethane foam.
Wherein:
- Mounted on the wall is a wooden crate, which will serve as a guide when spraying the material and the basis for fixing the decorative finish.
- Installation of polyurethane foam is carried out.
- The finishing panels are fastened.
Use of plaster
Before you insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside with plaster you need to get acquainted with a number of features and nuances of the work. Apply a warm plaster on the walls in three layers:
- The spray is made from a liquid solution of plaster to ensure its penetration into all cracks. The composition is poured onto the wall evenly and with effort, with a layer thickness of up to 10 millimeters.
- Apply a layer of soil. With thermal insulation with plaster it is the main one. The thickness of the coating is 50-60 millimeters.
Advice: The primer should be applied in two or three layers, the thickness of each should be 20-30 millimeters. This will prevent the separation of the coating from the wall under its own weight. Each layer should dry thoroughly after application.
- The cover is in progress. This is the finishing layer, the thickness of which is up to 5 millimeters. For its production, pure fine sand is used, diluted with water. The composition is simply rubbed into the surface of the wall, forming a flat surface.
How to insulate the wall in the apartment from the inside with a cork, the video will tell. The process begins with the preparation of walls to a perfectly flat surface, the control of which is carried out by the building level.
For this:
- Insufficiently smooth surfaces of the wall are plastered, any protrusions, cracks, depressions and other flaws are removed.
- The room is left to dry.
Tip: Do not heat the walls inside the room with cork on raw surfaces. This will cause deformation of the panels and the appearance of the fungus.
- When installing the heater, the instruction for the use of the adhesive must be strictly observed.
- The durability of coating during operation will ensure the exact observance of the technology of work.
- The cork cloth, covered with glue, is applied to the wall and strengthened. At the same time, everything must be done accurately and accurately: many adhesive bases for cork grab almost instantly, which will not allow changing the layout of the panel after it is laid on the wall.
- When installing the plug, care must be taken to thoroughly ventilate the room, the adhesive bases have a toxicity and a sharp unpleasant odor.
The article briefly describes the ways how to insulate walls in the apartment from the inside. But always it is necessary to adhere to simple rules: to apply in necessary places necessary heaters, to find the present reason of penetration of a cold in an apartment and to eliminate it.
The onset of cold weather is usually accompanied by the onset of the heating season, which allows maintaining a comfortable temperature in the apartment. However, the heating system does not always cope with its direct task. Various factors can contribute to this, for example, the city boiler-house serves too many houses, as a result, simply can not cope with servicing the part of the city entrusted to it. The house of the old building with a large number of cracks does not keep heat well. It also does not contribute to the preservation of heat in the apartment its angular location.
Corner apartments differ by one main feature - they have not one but two whole walls bordering the street, unlike apartments in the middle where the maximum that can happen is a draft that can be easily eliminated by closing doors and windows. If there are windows in each corner wall, the cold penetrates even more quickly into the apartment. It does not save in this case, even the presence of a battery in each room, and the location of the radiators is clearly designed to heat every square meter in the room.
Often the angle between the adjacent walls of the room overlooking the street, freezes. As a result, and plaster, this leads to. The room becomes damp, there is an unpleasant smell. Of course, in the end, the question arises, how and how to insulate the wall from the inside in the corner apartment. This will allow not only to make an apartment in a "Khrushchev" or in a no less cold panel house warm, but also to avoid the dampness and spread of mold. Further in the article, you will be able to familiarize yourself with the appropriate types of insulation for walls, as well as with the process of warming rooms in both the panel and brick houses, and also you can visually see the entire process of work on video material.
Overview of wall heaters
Today there is a wide variety of insulation, and among themselves they are strictly divided into those that can be used outside and those that are used, only for internal insulation of walls. It should be noted that there is no universal insulation, any of them has both positive and negative sides. Nevertheless, for each of them there are certain requirements that they must strictly comply with:
- Decent heat conductivity
- Airtightness
- Absorption of moisture
- Ecological compatibility
- Resistance to fire
- High service life.
Mineral wool . This heater is the most common, is made mainly from basalt. Refers to materials with a minimum degree of flammability, which makes it fireproof. When interacting with fire, acrid smoke emitting harmful substances does not arise.
How to insulate a wall in a corner apartment. Installation of mineral wool does not require special efforts, because the material itself is plastic and pliable. Fits snugly against the wall, and does not deviate. However, over time, when the material accumulates a certain amount of form, it deforms. It is also believed that mineral wool contains some substances that have a negative effect on the respiratory tract. Separate attention deserves a decent weight of insulation.
Styrofoam . Such a material is a polystyrene that has been well foamed. Its cost is minimal, and the installation is easy and simple, which makes it quite popular. About 90% of its composition is air, which makes it completely safe for health. The material is universal, it can be used for warming the walls in the apartment both inside and outside, because it can withstand sudden temperature changes from -180 to +80.
You can fix EPS with any material, as it is light and does not require a special system for installation. Another plus of this insulation - its durability, it will serve more than a dozen years. Nevertheless, this material is not suitable for every home. For example, because of its ability to create a condensate inside, it is completely unsuitable for a wooden house, as this can lead to decay. If the use of this particular material is inevitable, you can try to make ventilation. Another important drawback of the material is that it is flammable.
We warm the wall from the inside in a corner apartment with polyurethane foam . This material is also called polystyrene, carbon dioxide or oxygen is used to create it. Due to the fact that polyurethane foam is almost 98 percent gas, it really keeps heat perfectly. The cost of insulation is not too high, most often it is sold in sprayed form, after application it hardens in the right consistency. This creates the required thermal insulation.
The material does not pass through moisture at all, even steam can not penetrate through it. High noise insulation and service life, fireproof. Can be used in a wide range of temperatures and is practically safe for humans.
The first step in the insulation of walls in a corner apartment is to gain access to the wall. Accordingly, this work is necessary before decorating the apartment.
The next stage - the imposition on the walls of waterproofing material in the form of special membranes made of polymers. More often than not, conventional polyethylene films are used as them, the thickness of which is about 0.2 mm. It is important to close the entire surface without leaving a single site. Accordingly, the membrane is selected clearly for the size of the room, if a single sheet of such height can not be found, you can use a smaller strip, the joint of which should be glued with construction tape.
Next is the installation of a crate, which can be made of both metal and wood. If you bet on a tree, you need to pre-treat with an antiseptic. It is required that the distance between the components of the structure of the crate is slightly less than the width of the insulated heater. This will insert the insulator without leaving gaps and cracks in the wall.
The next stage is laying insulation, modern versions of the material are made in the form of mats with one spring side. When squeezing, the mat becomes denser, and then takes a natural shape. This moment greatly facilitates the process of its laying.
A further stage along the whole plane of the wall is the tension of the vapor barrier material. It allows you to protect the insulating material from air vapors that have an excess of moisture. Here, no less important is the installation without cracks and gaps. All joints should be sealed with sealant.
Technology how to insulate a wall from the inside in a brick house
The insulation of the walls of a corner apartment in a brick house differs somewhat from the analogous process that is in a panel house. Nevertheless, the technology here is quite simple and does not require special skills and materials. Consider the technology of work on the insulation of walls with the help of polystyrene materials.
First, you need to treat the brick wall properly. If there is no plaster on the wall, it is necessary to cover the bricks with it. If it is planned to be insulated in an already living room, then the ink and the putty are also a prerequisite. Also, it is necessary to conduct wall alignment, gaps and a deep penetration primer, which will contain additives with antiseptic properties.
Next, dilute the adhesive composition, clearly as indicated in the instructions, and then cover the resulting mixture of wall surfaces in the corner apartment. Apply the glue with a smooth spatula, then work the surface with a spatula with denticles.
Now you need to gently and methodically stick the sheets of polystyrene to the wall, even layers, firmly pressed against the wall. It is necessary to monitor the possibility of deviations. It is not necessary to fix the surface with dowels, as the glue should perfectly adhere to the wall heater.
Lay the slabs very tightly, while avoiding cracks that can form during the joint. The more tightly the sheets are pressed against each other and to the wall, the higher the index of thermal insulation. Further actions depend directly on what is planned as a result. If plastering is planned on top of the insulation layer, it is necessary to first apply the primer. If the plaster, then you need to create a material of the type of fiberglass. On top of it, two layers of the composition are applied.
Self-insulation of the walls of an apartment or house video
Thinking about the solution of the problem, how and what to insulate the wall in the corner apartment from the inside, you should first choose a heater. The way to install a heater directly depends on the type of walls of the house, because for the brick and panel there are methods and nuances.
The corner room always remains the coldest, despite the hot batteries. In order not to depend on the vagaries of the weather, it is worth considering how to insulate an angular apartment.
Where does the cold air come from?
Corner apartments are located in the outbuildings. Two walls forming the corner of the house are blown out by cold winds. This housing requires additional insulation.
If we insulate the corner apartment from the inside, it will become comfortable for living.
But first you need to find out where cold air comes from. On the ground floor, the source of additional "freshness" can be a basement, at the last - an attic. Here the problem will be solved by a warm floor or a good suspended ceiling.
Most often, the reason is in the walls. This can be either poor-quality brickwork, or cold bridges in joints between panels
In low-rise buildings, you can decorate the facade with penokleksom. External works are possible and in high-rise buildings, but only for residents of the first floors. And even if there is no prohibition from the city authorities to change the appearance of the house.
How to insulate a wall in a corner apartment from the inside
This method is chosen by most residents of corner apartments. It is easier to perform than external insulation.
There are several technologies that allow improving the microclimate of a corner apartment:
- The use of expanded polystyrene is a simple and inexpensive way. But on the wall, insulated with any type of foam, you can not attach hinged shelves and lockers - the connection will be unstable.
- Application of mineral wool. This material is easily crumbled, so inside it it is required to coat with plasterboard or decorative panels.
- Insulation with plaster. By environmental friendliness this method is the most attractive.
Before laying any insulation, walls should be cleaned of wallpaper and plastered.
Plates of expanded polystyrene paste with a special composition on the wall, previously covered with waterproofing. Large gaps between them flicker. Then the wall is covered with reinforcing mesh and plastered. Mineral cotton wool is fixed to the wall using wooden or metal slats. On both sides it must be surrounded by layers of vapor barrier.
The plaster is applied in three layers:
1) sprinkle the walls with a liquid formulation;
2) densely primed;
3) carry out the final leveling.
Even easier than the plaster, to insulate the corner apartment from the inside with a special thermo-paint. Such compounds can eliminate cold bridges, and also maintain a pleasant microclimate in hot weather. Termokraska, ready for use, is sold in construction stores. Apply it with a spatula or a figured roller.
The choice of methods of warming depends on the building skills of the owner of the apartment, its financial capabilities and the desire to hire professional finishers.
The problem of a cold and warm apartment exists a long time ago. Most, of course, do not buy a cold apartment in a high-rise building in general.
Determine a cold apartment or a warm one is possible by several observations:
- The first point - if the owners are warmly dressed (they are sweaters or sweaters), then the apartment is cold.
- The second point is to compare the outer and inner sides of the wall. They are the same temperature or not.
- The third point is to stand in the corridor or on the landing and enter the apartment. Then, listening to your sensations, compare the temperature difference. If the swings are not felt, then you need to be alert.
If the apartment is on one of the last floors, then the cause of the cold may be poor insulation of the roof or foundation. The reason for the cold in the apartment can be accelerated poor-quality masonry, which the construction workers in a hurry. In panel houses, most likely, the joints between the panels are not sealed.
How can we insulate the walls of the apartment?
In this case, there are, of course, and its disadvantages, such as rearrangement of furniture and things that are in the room. A noticeable decrease in the living space in the room is especially felt when two walls are reduced. And of course, especially troublesome is the temporary isolation of the wall from the heating system.
How can I insulate the walls from the outside?
Consider this option - you live in a multi-storey house on the first floor in a corner apartment. In this case, for the insulation of the apartment does not need a tower and all the work can be done. Therefore, you can consider how to insulate walls in a corner room from the street.
For this we use the most common insulation - foam. The thickness of the foam is better to choose independently, depending on the region of residence. It can vary from 5 to 10 centimeters. it is necessary to take a bit more to make the foam plastic block the size of the wall. Then you need to fix the starting galvanized profile and start work. For each sheet, apply a few tinted adhesive glues and press the foam firmly against the wall.
For greater strength, the sheet should be fixed with five dowels-umbrellas (in a simple way called fungi) in the corners and in the center. The holes for the dowels can be made with a perforator directly through the foam. After that, we put a thin spatula on the thin layer of the tile in it, an alkali-resistant glass grill with a cell of 5 millimeters. Then cover the foam with putty and plaster as usual.
Yes, all this is good if we are on the first floor. And if on the second and above, and there is no possibility to insulate the walls from outside, then we turn to another option.
How can I insulate walls from the inside?
To date, there are many solutions. In addition to those problems with the insulation of the walls, which will be discussed below, there are others.
The first thing that comes to mind is to warm the freezing angle with the help of batteries. You can, of course, move the radiator to this place, having previously checked the number of sections on the radiator. It is desirable to increase them, since the coefficient for higher than for ordinary living quarters, in which one section per two square meters is applied. For corner rooms the coefficient is up to 1.3, and in the cold regions it is even higher - up to 2.0. So, all our troubles with heating devices did not lead to the desired result. The walls in the corner room?
We will try to find other solutions. They, to our happiness, a few. Walls can be insulated with mineral wool, polystyrene foam and polystyrene. Let's consider each variant separately.
Warming with mineral wool
Glass wool is a fine mineral sealant, which consists of many fine fibers and is made from glass waste. Glass wool has a number of advantages, such as quality, low weight, long service life and environmental cleanliness. In addition, cotton wool on the walls well reduces noise.
Mounted cotton mats as follows. First of all, we put on the wall waterproofing from the film or primer. Waterproofing is a very important factor, because the wet glass wool loses its thermal insulation properties. Then we mount the frame, where we will lay the insulation. The most convenient thing to do is a frame made of wooden slats. Joints between mats of glass wool are sealed with adhesive tape, and the remaining slots can be blown with a mounting foam.
Finally, we put the second layer of insulation and paste the mesh.
Precautions: Do not allow even small particles of glass wool to enter the eyes and respiratory system.
It is best to work with this material in glasses, with a respirator and in cotton gloves.
Warming with foam
You can use under the wallpaper an insulating substrate "Poliform", which protects against cold and fungus. And also ultra-thin thermal insulation under the name "Mascoat".
Warming "electric warm floor"
The essence of this is in the elimination of moisture, which accumulates inside the wall. The insulation construction will be slightly different from the first two cases.
In plain language, this is the wall on which the mat of the electrical insulation is fixed. Then comes - or cotton wool, or polystyrene. And then the finish itself. The scheme of the "warm floor" is elementary simple. Heater warms the wall, which contributes to the impossibility of moisture formation inside the wall itself. The second big plus is that the electric heater protects the room from heat loss.
As you can see, each version of insulation has its pros and cons. Which one to choose is up to you. The important thing is, if you decide to do everything yourself, you need to make an accurate calculation of consumables, as well as future costs for electricity, in the case of using electric heaters. The rest is a matter of technique.