The size is 800x1200x145mm. It is necessary to have the brand EUR brand in the oval, scorched on the right carrying pallet legs. The other legs also bear the marking indicating the manufacturer (PKP, FS, DB, etc.) and digital information (series, year of manufacture). The upper part of the euro pallet consists of five boards, alternating in order: wide (145mm), narrow (100mm), wide, narrow, wide. The lower part consists of three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with chamfers removed. Be sure to have chamfers at the corners of the euro pallets.
2. Certified finpallet (FIN-pallet, Finnish pallet).
The size is 1000x1200x145mm. It is mandatory to have a branded FIN stigma in a rectangle scorched on the right-hand pallet-bearing legs. On the central legs, digital information is also provided, indicating the manufacturer's code and the date of issue. The upper part of the finplelet consists of seven boards alternating in order: wide (120mm), two narrow (100mm), wide, two narrow, wide. The lower part consists of three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with chamfers removed. Be sure to have chamfers at the corners of the finplelet.
3. Cargo non-permanent pallet 800x1200mm.
The size is 800x1200x145mm, the board thickness is 20-22mm. Brand identity is missing, the design is identical to the design of the euro pallet.
4. Cargo non-disposable pallets of 1000x1200 mm.
The size is 1000x1200x145mm, the board thickness is 20-22mm. The brand name is missing, the design is identical to the design of the finplelet.
5. Eurobox (EUR-box)
Metal cage with a metal base in the form of europallet, size 800x1200x800mm. Has a plate with the stamped EUR stamp in the oval.
Pallet grades
If you send manufactured goods abroad or use production lines with stringent requirements for used pallets, then it is likely that you will need certified European or Finnish pallets. They are made in accordance with the GOSTs accepted in the countries of Europe, as evidenced by the presence of stamps on each pallet. According to the state of these pallets are divided into three classes:
1. The highest grade
- almost new, white, strong pallets;
- without chips and cracks;
- were used no more than three times.
2. Class I
- white, strong pallets;
- without chips and cracks;
- were not subjected to repair.
3. The second grade
- slight contamination is allowed, and darkening of the wood from time;
- small cracks and chips are allowed (but not more than 3 cm wide and 30 cm in length);
- some of them can be after repair.
To work in the domestic market
For work in the domestic market, any pallets are usually suitable - the choice of a certain type and variety depends entirely on the manufacturer. In addition to certified euros and finpallets, there are cargo non-multiple-use pallets of the following grades:
- Not certified europallet 800x1200x145mm
- by size and design are absolutely identical to certified europallets, including all tolerances and chamfers;
- screw nails are used;
- board thickness 22mm;
- from certified europallet is distinguished by the absence of a brand name.
- Pallet 800x1200x145mm, first grade
- by design are executed similarly to europallets, but the sizes of boards and bars can vary;
- screw nails are used;
- board thickness 20-25mm;
- chamfers are removed at the corners of the pallet;
- does not have significant pollution and darkening of the wood from time to time.
- Pallet 800x1200x145mm, second grade
- by design are executed similarly to europallets;
- both screw and construction nails can be used;
- board thickness 20-25mm;
- the distance between the floorboards is not more than 50 mm;
- slight contamination is allowed, and darkening of the wood from time.
- Pallet 800x1200x145mm, third grade
- the main dimensions of the pallet are 800x1200 mm, other dimensions may vary and do not have a single standard;
- board thickness 15-25mm;
- there are no chamfers at the corners of the pallet;
- used building nails;
- pollution and darkening of wood from time are allowed.
- Pallet 1000x1200x145mm
- in terms of size and design, they are made in the same way as certified finplets;
- there may be no chamfers;
- conventional nails can be used instead of screw nails;
- thickness of the board is 15-25mm.
- Special types of pallets
- plastic standard EUR;
- wooden CP standard;
- Triplett;
- metal EUR-boxes.
Pallets are widely used in many countries. When using pallets, we recommend that you pay attention to the following:
- There are two main types of pallets: "euro pallet" and a standard pallet. The size of the euro pallets is 800mm x 1,200mm, and the standard pallets are 1,000mm x 1,200mm.
- In a 20-foot container, 11 "europallets" or 9-10 standard pallets can be loaded into one tier (see the figure). * In a 40-foot container can be loaded 23 - 24 "europallet" or 20-21 standard pallets in one tier (see the figure).
- Wooden pallets must be strong enough to support the weight of the three tiers.
- Cardboard boxes should not protrude beyond the edges of the pallet.
Dimensions and scheme euro pallets
In international trade, pallets are widely used. They come in different types and sizes. Pallets are made of wood or plastic. Pallets greatly facilitate the loading of unloading from a container or other vehicle due to a structure that allows the pallet to be carried with a load by a manual or mechanical loader. Pallets can withstand load weights up to 2 tons.
In a 40 foot container 24 pallets are placed. In standard eurofoor up to 33 pallets.
Europallets are 800 × 1200 × 145 mm. The standard (finalpallet) is 1000 × 1200 × 145 mm.
Pallets, or pallets, are from 800 × 1200 mm up to 1200 × 1800 mm. The requirements for wooden pallets, including dimensions, weight and carrying capacity, are determined by the international standard UIC435-2. We use GOST 9557-87. The pallets of different manufacturers weigh on average 15-20 kg. In Russia, a pallet of 800 × 1200 mm (a flat four-leaf wooden pallet of type 2PO4) was distributed. Requirements for it are put forward in accordance with GOST 9557-87: weight not more than 40 kg, carrying capacity 1 ton. The material capacity is 0.046 cubic meters, the volume of the pallets is 0.1392 cubic meters.
In everyday life, and even in specialized literature, three variants of names are used: pallet, pallet (masculine), pallet (feminine). In the plural, the genitive is used: pallets, pallets (masculine), pallet (feminine).
Popular: European, American, Finnish pallets. Pallets for international cargo transportation are subject to size requirements.
Europallets
The upper part consists of 5 alternating boards: three wide (145 mm) and two narrow (100 mm). The gap between the boards is 40 mm. At the corners of the euro pallets there must be the presence of facets. Manufacturers: PKP, FS, DB and others.
Pallet is a rectangular pallet for storing and moving loads. The design has recesses for easy capture by a forklift and lugs for lanyards. The use of pallets gives a lot of advantages:
- rapid carrying out of loading and unloading operations;
- standard sizes for easy packaging;
- more compact placement of goods in the warehouse;
- the possibility of capturing the pallet from any side, including with the help of a crane.
Types of pallets for specific use
Depending on the frequency of application, they distinguish disposable and reusable pallets. The first is destroyed after use, and the second type can be sent for re-loading. Some reusable pallets have been successfully used for many years, they are made of wooden boards.
There are several other types of constructions:
- Plastic. Common type of pallets. Plastic does not rot, does not rust, it is not spoiled by rodents and insects. For production take frost-resistant impact-resistant polymers.
- Metal. Quite expensive and heavy kind of pallets. Metal structures are the most durable and durable.
- Pallets for transportation of oversized and valuable cargo. Products are equipped with racks, walls, grilles and other elements.
Characteristics and size of pallets
Certified euro pallets, EUR-pallet:
Certified Finnish pallet (FIN-pallet, finpallet):
American Pallet:
- board thickness of at least 6 mm, past heat treatment;
- dimensions of the construction 1200x1200x145 mm;
- the top row - seven boards with a width of 100 mm, below - three boards.
Non-reusable cargo pallet 800x1200 mm:
- the standard pallet size is 800x1200x145 mm;
- thickness of boards 20-22 mm;
- the brand is not applied;
- by design analogue europallet.
Non-reusable cargo pallet 1000x1200 mm:
- dimensions: 1000x1200x145 mm;
- there is no hallmark;
- thickness of boards 20-22 mm;
- the construction is an analog of the finplelet.
Eurobox - metal stand:
- denomination EUR-box;
- the base is made in the form of a Euro pallet;
- dimensions 800x1200x800 mm;
- is equipped with a sign with an oval EUR mark.
The constructions executed according to the European standards are universal, widely used for international container transportations. The sizes of the American pallets in two dimensions will be similar to the euro-product, and such unification facilitates the task of transport companies.
Depending on the condition of the wood and the appearance, the designs are divided into three classes:
- The highest grade. The pallets are strong, they were used no more than three times. Board of a light shade without defects.
- First grade. The pallets are strong, light, have no visible defects, have never been repaired.
- The second grade. On the boards there may be minor dirt, dark spots. The presence of cracks is allowed no wider than 3 cm and not longer than 30 cm. Several products in the batch may be after repair.
In some European countries, mandatory processing of boards for the production of pallets. After impregnation with special phytostases, a quarantine service mark, a digital code of the processing technology and the country in which the manufacture was made are applied to the product.
Types of domestic pallets
The manufacture of devices in our country is not regulated by the standard. Strictly speaking, for use on the domestic market you can use wooden pallets, the size of which will be convenient in a particular case.
Such reusable pallets are produced in the size of 800x1200x145 mm and are divided into varieties.
- Non-certificated euro pallets. The design is the same size as the certified products, it is executed with standard chamfers and tolerances, but has no stigma. Pallets are made of boards of thickness 22 mm with fastening on screw nails.
- First grade. The design is similar to the europallet, but different boards and boards of 20-25 mm thick with fastening on screw nails can be used. Chamfers at the corners are removed. Wood should not have darkening and contamination, a step in the flooring of 50 mm.
- The second grade. The construction is similar to europallets, manufactured using construction or screw nails. Flooring - boards with a thickness of 20-25 mm with a pitch of 50 mm. In pallets of the second grade, wood with stains and dirt is allowed.
- Third grade. The length and width of the pallet are maintained in accordance with standard values, 1200 and 800 mm, respectively, there are no facets on the corners. Board thickness 15-25 mm, fastening to building nails. There are no special requirements for the quality of wood.
In the domestic market, such designs are possible:
- pallet 1000х1200х145 mm, analogue of the certificated финпаллета, but without bevels. Used boards 15-25 mm and building nails;
- special pallets: wooden CP, plastic EUR, metal EUR-boxes and Triplett.
The structures weigh about 15-21 kg with a carrying capacity of 1000 kg and more.
Pallet loading schemes in container
| Kind of pallets | Europallet | Finpallet | Asian pallets |
| The size | 800x1200 | 1000x1200 | 1100x1100 |
| Carrying capacity, kg | 1500 | 1500 | 1300 |
| Capacity in a 20-foot container of 2.33x5.918 m, pieces | 11 | 10 | 10 |
| The capacity of the 40-foot container is 2.33x12.015 m, pieces | 24 | 21 | 22 |
| The capacity in Euros is 2,45 × 13,60 m, pieces | 33 | 26 | 22 |
Values are indicated for loading in one tier and provided that the edges of the boxes do not protrude beyond the edges of the wooden pallet. Most often, the pallets are stacked in three rows.
There are several standard layouts:
 |
Values are indicated for stacking in one tier. When installing the top row, make sure that the package is strong enough to support the weight of the load.
Linear dimensions: 800x1200x145mm.
The upper part of the euro pallets consists of five alternating boards: wide (145mm), narrow (100mm), etc.
Be sure to have chamfers at the corners of the euro pallets, as well as the brand name EUR in the oval, scorched on the right carrying pallets of the pallet. On the other legs, too, is marked, but it indicates the manufacturer (PKP, FS, DB, etc.) and information about the series, and the year of release.
Certified finpallet (FIN-pallet, Finnish pallet)
Linear dimensions: 1000х1200х145mm.
The upper part of the finplelet consists of seven alternating boards: wide (120mm), two narrow (100mm), wide, two narrow, wide.
The lower part consists of only three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with the chamfers removed.
Be sure to have chamfers at the corners of the finplelet, as well as the presence of the brand FIN stigma in the rectangle scorched on the right-carrying pallets of the pallet. The rest of the legs also carry digital information indicating the manufacturer's code and the date of issue.
American standard pallets - 1200 x 1200
American pallets are manufactured in accordance with the fundamental principles of the International Committee for Plant Protection ISPM15. This means that the pallets are manufactured in accordance with the international code and can be used for the transport of goods across international borders.
Wood materials with a thickness of more than 6 mm, from which pallets are produced, undergo mandatory heat treatment in order to prevent the spread of diseases of wood and insects, which can adversely affect plants or ecosystems.
As of pallets are divided into three classes:
Highest grade
- almost new, white, strong pallets;
- without chips and cracks;
- were used no more than three times.
First grade
- white, strong pallets;
- without chips and cracks;
- were not subjected to repair.
The second grade
- slight contamination is allowed, and darkening of the wood from time;
- small cracks and chips are allowed (but not more than 3 cm wide and 30 cm in length);
- some of them can be after repair.
In the conduct of Foreign Economic Activity, or in the case of using production lines with stringent requirements for used pallets, certified European or Finnish pallets will be needed. They are made in strict accordance with the GOST accepted in the countries of Europe.
To work in the domestic market fit any pallets.
The simplest and cheapest pallets are made of softwood and are often a non-returnable container that must be disposed of together with other packaging materials. These pallets have a simple design that allows you to lift them only from two opposite positions.
The unloaded pallet weighs 15-21 kilograms. Most pallets can easily carry a load of more than 1000 kg.