Radish Dykon - vegetable culture, bred by Japanese breeders from the radish seed. In Japan, it has long been used as a staple food, and is included in the daily diet of each resident. At us long white root crops though are on sale everywhere, but their cultivation in a ground is not so popular, as in the countries of the East. And the difficulty is that it is not always possible to calculate when to plant the Daikon, so that the root crops have time to ripen, and the plant does not start the arrow. About the timing of planting a crop, and how to grow an exotic vegetable in our latitudes will be told in the article.
Correctly chosen planting dates are an indispensable condition for the successful cultivation of the daikon. If these recommendations are ignored, the crop may disappoint, and time will be wasted. And it's not a capricious culture - on the contrary, the daikon is very unpretentious to the growing conditions, just its biological features are such that for the formation of roots it needs coolness and a short light day.
Daikon, like all kinds of radish or radish, grows better in cool soil. Its seeds are able to produce sprouts when the earth warms up to 3-5 ° C, and for a normal vegetation it is enough for 10-12 hours of daylight. In addition, plants perfectly tolerate short-term frosts, and at the same time they continue to form a root crop, while they react to a sharp increase in temperature in the opposite way - they begin to build up the ground part and release an arrow. Bloom is also promoted by the constant increase in daylight and air temperature in spring, so it is almost impossible to grow a good crop in the spring-summer season.
Since it is artificially very problematic to create favorable conditions for the growth of root crops, it is only necessary to select the timing in which the landing of the daikon will be most successful. In our latitudes to plant the seeds of culture is recommended from the second half of summer, when the light day begins to decrease. However, at this time the soil is still warm enough, so in regions with hot summers the landing time should be shifted to the beginning of August. 
To grow a good daikon, planting dates should be selected in accordance with varietal characteristics. Summer planting is more suitable for varieties of medium and late maturity. For early varieties that ripen after 40-60 days from sowing seeds, planting in July will be premature, as the plants immediately go to the arrow, bypassing the phase of rooting. The early daikon is best sown in autumn, or early spring. Spring is preferable, because early roots are not characterized by long storage, and to grow them in autumn for winter use there is no sense.
Video "When and how to plant daikon"
This video will tell you how and when to engage in planting and growing a daikon.
Spring landing
Seeding of the daikon in the spring should be made as early as possible, at the end of March - early April. Do not be afraid that the seeds will freeze. The culture has a high cold resistance, so it is allowed to sow immediately after melting snow. To protect the soil from re-freezing, the bed is covered with a film for the night, and in the daytime shelter is removed, until the threat of spring frosts passes. If the seeds are planted in early April, then by the end of May the harvest of early roots will be ripe. 
I want to remind you that it is possible to sow in the spring only daikon of early varieties with a short vegetation period. Mid-ripening and late varieties with a vegetation period of 70-100 days to plant there is no sense, because at high temperatures and a long light day, root crops simply can not form. Also, do not postpone spring sowing at the end of April or May, unless the plants are grown to obtain seeds.
The daikon seeds are best planted at the end of May, then by the end of August - September pods with seeds will fully ripen. For good flowering plants should be planted on a sunny area, as the Japanese radish planting and care, as well as the planting time which affects the formation of stems, quickly shoots an arrow in warm, sun-warmed soil. Some truck farmers use seeds from the previous harvest to produce seeds, because the radish is a two-year-old crop. They are also planted as carrots or beetroot: cut the tops, leaving small (5-7 cm) cuttings, and deepen the root crop into the ground under a slight slope. With this method seeds are ready for collection much earlier.
The site for spring planting daikon is prepared from autumn. It is desirable that the garden is well illuminated by the sun for at least half a day and protected from the winds. Dykeon is quite unpretentious to the composition of the soil, but on light sandy loam or loamy soil it grows better, and the root crops reach a larger size. It is very important that the soil is not acidic, otherwise the crop can not be counted.
The site is prepared by digging the soil and applying fertilizers. Ideally, if the soil on your site is loose and rich in humus, but if it is not so, then it should increase its fertility - when digging, make mineral and organic fertilizers. From mineral mixtures for daikon superphosphate (40-50 g / m²), potassium salt (20 g / m²) will suit. From organic culture is well perceived humus or compost (0.5-1 buckets / m²), as well as ash 2-3 glasses / m². If the soil has an acidic reaction, it must be limed. 
Plant the daikon according to the scheme, which may differ depending on the variety. For plants with large or round roots, as well as those that develop a three-dimensional tops, it is recommended to plant at a distance of 30 cm between the wells and 50-60 cm in the aisles. For long root crops, landing at a distance of 20 cm and 40 cm between rows is permissible. For daikon, planting seeds in the open ground is most acceptable, but it can also be grown by seedling.
Summer landing
In the middle zone of Russia, the second half of July and August is considered the most favorable period for the daikon planting. At this time, the duration of the day is steadily decreasing, and the soil at night cools down to the desired temperature, which contributes to the creation of favorable conditions for the cultivation of root crops. In August - September, the probability of dropping arrows is reduced to a minimum, and root crops begin to develop more rapidly. 
As has already been said, summer is suitable for planting medium-ripening and late varieties, with late varieties better sown at the end of July, and with an average maturity in August. The late daikon, planted in the second half of the summer, will mature in late October. At this time, night frosts are already possible, but for daikon they are not terrible, as the root crop can remain in the ground even at a temperature of -5 ° C without losing its flavor and beneficial qualities. 
If plants are grown to obtain greenery (used in cooking), then the planting time is not so important - it can be August, and even June. However, one must understand that it will not be possible to get root crops from planting in June - in any case, such plants, regardless of the variety, will release an arrow. In order for the summer planting of the daikon to yield a high yield, one should not rush to the planting dates - it is better to sow seeds later than too soon.
Autumn landing
In the southern regions, where the summer is long, and the autumn is warm to sow the daikon, it is possible in the beginning of autumn. Medium-ripening varieties with a maturity of 65-70 days will have time to form the root crop before the onset of frost, besides, the late planting allows you to conserve vegetables longer. Grades of late maturity should not be planted in autumn, but everything depends on the climate of a certain region. 
A bed for autumn planting is prepared in the spring. The site is dug and fertilized as in the spring digging. However, if you use a fertile bed after growing other vegetables, then do not apply fertilizers - just simply deep (30-35 cm) to dig. Autumn planting is convenient and that under the beds you can use already vacant areas, thus obtaining a double crop. By the way, in the east this is exactly how daikon is grown - as a secondary crop.
Some vegetable growers practice podzimniy sowing daikon, which is also carried out in autumn, but immediately before frosts. Planting for the winter is carried out according to the same scheme as usual, with the only difference being that after planting the canopy is covered with organic mulch (peat, humus, dry foliage), which will warm the seeds in the most severe frosts. Podzimnaya planting of seeds allows you to get an earlier and higher harvest in the spring.
Planting time for seedlings
Seedling method of planting daikon allows to grow roots a month earlier than usual, which is very important for the southern climate, where spring comes early and suddenly. In greenhouses, or in pots, seeds for seedlings can be sown in early March. About a month they will get stronger, and if the weather permits, the plants can be transplanted into the open ground. By this time they already have several real leaves, while the seeds are only planted in the soil.
To grow seedlings it is desirable in disposable tanks with peat soil mixture. Young sprouts are quite sensitive to transplantation, so they need to be removed from the pot and transplanted to the bed along with the earth substrate. It should also be borne in mind that the seedling method is acceptable for varieties with round root crops, but a long daikon transplant, and even more a picking, does not tolerate.
The process of growing seedlings takes about a month: shoots appear after 3-5 days, thinning is carried out after 2 weeks, and 2 more weeks is spent on leaf building and hardening - during the last 2 weeks the plants are put on air for a couple of hours to adapt to external environment. During all the time, you need to take care of the seedlings: from time to time water, loosen the soil, make sure that the sprouts do not stretch. In the open ground seedlings are planted when the average daily air temperature is set at 10 ° C. At a lower degree, the bed for the night should be covered with a film, and in the afternoon sheltered.
Video "Agronomics of growing daikon"
Experienced truck farmers in this video will show how to approach the cultivation of this vegetable.
Daikon - a root vegetable vegetable culture, bred by Japanese breeders from the well-known radish seed. In Japanese cuisine, this vegetable is the most important ingredient in most dishes. We also have long white roots more often found in markets and supermarkets, but to plant daikon on their plots vegetable growers are not in a hurry. Meanwhile, the planting and caring for which does not cause special difficulties, even a beginner gardener is able to do, since the agrotechnics of culture is practically the same as growing a normal radish or radish.
Planting of daikon seeds can be carried out directly in the open ground, or in containers (pots, containers) for seedlings. In the climate of the middle zone, the first method is more often used, since the daikon is early-maturing, and when summer planting it fully ripens before the onset of cold weather, besides, it is easier to sow the daikon immediately into the open ground. With any method, the technology of sowing is no different.
To sprout as soon as possible, the seed should be prepared. There are several simple ways to do this:
Soaking the grains is only an opportunity to accelerate their germination from the soil, and not a mandatory procedure. Many vegetable growers sow the daikon with dry seeds into the open ground or pots, but in this case the soil needs to be watered abundantly, and in the future maintain a constant moisture until sprouts appear.
Video "How to Plant a Daikon"
In this video an experienced gardener gives advice on how to properly plant this vegetable.
Growing seedlings
Through seedlings, it is recommended to grow radish daikon with round or oval shaped roots - varieties with a long rhizome do not tolerate transplant and picking, so it is preferable for them to sow directly in the open ground.
The planting dates depend on many factors: crop variety, climatic conditions, expected harvesting time, but on average the crop is planted about a month before the transfer to the bed - at this age, plants usually have 3-4 permanent leaves.
To obtain seedlings, it is easiest to plant the seeds in a special peat mixture (peat tablets), together with which it is then transplanted into the soil, but it can also be planted in ordinary boxes or pots. In this case, it must be remembered that the root of the daikon is long, and that the sprout is not cramped, the depth of the dishes should not be less than 10 cm. 
If ordinary land is used for planting, then it should be mixed with peat and humus in equal proportions. Next, the prepared soil mixture must be well watered, and then plant the daikon to a depth of 1.5-2 cm.
To create the most favorable conditions for germination, the container is covered with glass or a film and put in a warm place. After 5-7 days, when the first shoots begin to appear, the shelter is removed, and the pot is moved to a lighted place. After the daikon ascended, care for it is only in the periodic irrigation and loosening of the soil. When the first pair of these leaves appears, the shoots are thinned, leaving the strongest plants. 
Approximately two weeks before the proposed transplant, the seedlings are hardened - carried daily outside for several hours, gradually increasing the residence time until the plants can not be outdoors for a whole day. During this period it is important to ensure that the light day for seedlings is not too long, otherwise the ground part of the plants will stretch, and the roots will become weak.
Terms of planting
The main and probably the only problem faced by vegetable growers when growing a daikon is the harvesting of plants even before the root crop ripens. This is because the time of planting is not observed. Daikon, like radish or radish, grows better in cool conditions (18-20 ° C) with a light day lasting no more than 12 hours. With a greater amount of daylight and a higher air temperature, the growth of the root crop is suspended, and the plant begins to shoot arrows and bloom.
To avoid rifling, it is necessary to plant the crop in the correct time: in early spring, or in the middle of summer, when the duration of the day goes to a decline.
For the mid-ripening and late varieties, the ideal time for planting is the first half of July, in southern regions this period can be shifted towards the end of July or the beginning of August. 
The duration of the full daikon vegetation averages 60-100 days, but some early varieties ripen even after 40-45, so they can be planted in the spring - as soon as the snow comes down.
Do not be afraid that the seeds will freeze. Daikon, like radish, perfectly tolerates small frosts, and is able to germinate at a soil temperature of + 3-5 ° C, so planted in early spring, it will fully mature before the summer heat. In later terms (late April - early May), it is not worthwhile to plant culture, unless the goal of obtaining seeds is not worthwhile. The seeds are best planted daikon in late May, then by August you can collect the planting material, but, again, it all depends on the variety.
The choice of planting dates in accordance with varietal characteristics is an important condition for high and high-quality harvest. Carefully read the recommendations regarding the timing of seeding on the packaging with seeds, and be sure to stick to them. In the spring, only early varieties with a vegetation period of 1.5-2 months can be sown. It should not be planted in spring autumn varieties with a long period of ripening - they can immediately proceed to flowering, while missing the phase of formation of root crops.
Priming
Daikon is not picky about the soil. Some of its varieties are able to grow even in heavy clay soil, but the loose loam or loamy soil with neutral acidity is ideal for the crop. In acid soil, root crops are not formed, and the plants begin to ache.
It is desirable to prepare a bed for growing a daikon in advance: for spring sowing in autumn, and for summer sowing in spring. If there is time, you can sow the siderates - the daikon feels great on sites rich in humus. And so, at first the site is dug to a depth of 20-25 cm. If the soil is not fertile enough, mineral fertilizers (potassium sulfate 20g, superphosphate 40g) and organic fertilizers (compost, humus 0.5 bucket / m²) are added to it during digging. 
In acidic soil it is necessary to add lime, however it is not worthwhile to apply it simultaneously with fertilizers - it is better to do this two weeks before digging. Directly before sowing the culture, it is recommended to apply ash (1 glass / m²) - from its presence in the soil, the taste qualities of the root vegetables are significantly improved. Daikon grows well after potatoes, dill, onions, tomatoes, cucumbers. It is not advisable to plant the culture after any cruciferous plants.
How to plant in the open ground
Landing daikon both seed and seedlings is most often done according to the scheme of 30x60 cm, where 30 cm is the distance between the plants, and 60 cm is the distance in the aisles, but here everything depends on the variety. For varieties with round root crops, as well as with a voluminous aboveground part (botva), this scheme is most acceptable, but for a narrow and long root of a small diameter, a more compact fit is permissible, for example, 20x40 cm.
Seedlings or seeds are planted in a pre-moistened soil in which holes are made (for seedlings), or long furrows under the seeds, but they can also be planted in shallow holes. In furrows, the seeds are placed in nests for 2-3 pieces at a distance of 20-30 cm, depending on the varietal characteristics. Then the holes are covered with earth, compacted a little, and then mulched with a thin layer of peat. 
Under favorable conditions, the first shoots appear 5-7 days after sowing. They easily tolerate spring night frosts, but in order to preserve crops for sure, it is recommended to cover the bed with film at night, and in the daytime when it gets warmer, remove it. When 2-3 of these leaves appear, the plants are thinned - the weak ones are removed, and the strongest one is left. Further care for the radish consists of watering, loosening rows and periodic hilling, as the roots of most types of daikon protrude above the surface of the soil.
Planting for the winter
Podzimniy sowing of the daikon is convenient because under it you can use the plots that have already been cleared after harvesting. In addition, this method is often used in southern regions, where spring quickly replaces summer, and it is not always possible to obtain a crop of early roots. Sowing late in the autumn allows to solve this problem, because the seeds sown for the winter rise very quickly and early. In addition, podzimniy sowing allows you to get not only an early, but also a better harvest, because in severe frosts the largest and most healthy specimens survive.
Technology podzimnego sowing in the open ground is no different from summer and spring. However, it is important to meet the deadlines and not hurry with the landing. As the seeds of the daikon germinate very quickly and at sufficiently low temperatures, there is a high probability of emergence in the fall, and in this case the crop can be forgotten. Therefore, it is better to sow the daikon in the wells dug in advance after the first frosts, and to drop them in already frozen ground. 
Although it belongs to the cabbage family. A white vegetable with a sweet taste fell in love with those who at least once tried it. See how it looks on the given photo. It includes vitamins, useful chemicals, macro- and microelements. Thanks to all these qualities, the product was also noticed by gardeners. Many people are interested in the question of how to grow a daikon in open ground.
Cultivation daikon in the open ground does not require any specific skills, with this will cope and the beginner gardener. It is only necessary to follow certain rules for the preparation of seeds and land, planting and care.
Features of cultivation daikon
Root planting is carried out by two methods.
Seeds in open ground
They can be prepared in three ways:
- For 30 minutes, immerse in water heated to 50 ° C. After that, cool for a minute in ice water, then dry it and store it in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf for 24 hours.
- In the water (the temperature of which is 40 ° C), soak seeds for 24 hours. Then dry a little and they are ready to plant.
- Seeds for a day wrapped in a well moistened with warm water cloth.
Through sprouts
To obtain seedlings, the seeds are planted in the ground with a peat mixture. The preparation should be started one month before the daikon is planted in the open ground. The depth of the container should be about 10 cm. The planted seeds are covered with food film and put in a warm place for a week. After the appearance of the first leaves, thinning (removal of unnecessary seedlings) and fertilization with mineral solution are carried out. Hardening begins two weeks before landing in the ground.
Soil Preparation
This vegetable is not picky about the composition of the soil. One should only avoid too acidic earth. If the site is exactly this, then before planting it is necessary - this will reduce the acid composition.
When planting root crops in the spring, the soil is prepared from autumn, and if the crop is planned for the summer, then in the spring.
The soil is digested with the addition of mineral and organic fertilizers. Of the mineral make potassium sulfate and superphosphate (ratio in grams 20:40), and from organic - humus (at the rate of 0.5 buckets per square meter).
Two weeks before planting, ashes are added to the soil (one glass per square meter) and again everything is digested.
It is worth remembering that when the soil is oxidized, all fertilizers are introduced with a time difference. It is not recommended to simultaneously add several types of mixtures to the ground - this will lead to a deterioration in the quality of the crop.
Disembarkation
When a daikon is planted, it depends on the purpose for which it will be used. To obtain seeds, the culture sits in the beginning of spring, until a long light day has come. To get root crops, planting is done in the middle of summer. When to sow a daikon depends on the choice of variety. Before preparing the seeds, it is necessary to study the recommendations of the manufacturers. The light day should not exceed 12 hours, and the minimum air temperature - 10 ° C.
When sowing, the sowing method makes grooves, the distance between which must be at least 50 cm, and the depth of the hole is 40 cm. They are well watered, and the landing occurs in moistened earth.
Planting with a seedling method requires the presence of wells, the depth of which is about 5 cm. Preliminary, each of them must be fertilized with compost. The distance between the seedlings is at least 25 cm on each side.
Care for the daikon in the open field
Watering the daikon is done every five days. The earth should be constantly in a moistened state. With a lack of moisture there are undesirable arrows, because of which the vegetable will have bitterness and a strange smell. In addition, cracks will occur and the storage capacity will decrease. Skip irrigation only in case of regular rain.
To protect root crops from insects will help treatment with infusion of red pepper. For him in a liter of boiling water infused 12 days 5 pods of hot pepper. Then the mixture is filtered and diluted to a volume of 10 liters. Spraying is repeated after 4 days.
Weeding and loosening are necessary throughout the growing season. After heavy rains, weeds are destroyed, and if the fruits are shown from the ground, they are tied up.
Feed the vegetable four times:
- for the first time, the mixture is poured in (for a 10 liter bucket of water, 1/10 part of the mullein, it is infused for 14 days, then diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 8). Used after thinning.
- the second time fertilized or kemira (2 tbsp. per bucket of water). It is carried out during the formation of beams.
- the third time nitrofoska is introduced.
- the last top-dressing are potassium and phosphoric fertilizers (at the rate of 20 g per bucket).
All of the above top dressings are not required for use. Their number depends on the type of daikon.
Harvesting
It is recommended to remove culture in the middle or in the end of October. It is pulled out together with the tops, then gently washed (peel should not be damaged at the same time) and dried in the shade. The plant is cut off, not reaching the fruit 2-3 cm. The daikon is stored in containers with sand, laid in such a way that they do not touch each other. The temperature in the storage room should not be below 0 ° C. On average, the harvested crop can be kept for up to 3 months.
Cultivation and care of the daikon in the open ground can be mastered by anyone who liked this useful vegetable. Even a beginner gardener is not difficult to understand this. The main thing is to follow all the recommendations and then a good harvest is provided.
VIDEO: rules for growing daikon
Once again, the rules of cultivation of daikon in the open ground can be found by carefully viewing the following video:
How to grow daikon
M.KORMUKHINALast fall we stayed with my grandfather's family.
About seven years ago he moved from town to village and during this time became a noble gardener.
What only it does not grow!
And most of all we were struck by an unusual vegetable - a huge white root crop. Grandfather with some special respect called him "daikon".
The reason for such honors, we realized, when at dinner he treated us to this very daikon.
The food is incredible! As a token of gratitude for notable entertainment, they listened to the long granddad story of how he raised this miracle.
I pass his story word for word.
PREFERENCES OF THE DIKON
"Daikon was born in Japan. There he is in high esteem, not like our radish, which is a close relative.
When I decided to plant a Japanese, I thought that he could not withstand our heavy earth, but experts suggested that, in terms of soil, the daikon is an ascetic. It grows even on clay, only the grade must be chosen correctly.
Now I know that on the loams prefer to grow varieties Miyashige and Tskinasi, on light soil will take root Nerrima and Ninengo, and on clay soil without any problems sorts of group Shiroogari and Shogoin.
I have a growing Fang of an elephant. I also want to start Sasha - the fruit of our works on our radish is similar, matures quickly - has time to force up to September.
But I will not get any seeds. You really look in the city, Sashka.
DAIKON'S PLACE
The daikon has one unpleasant trait of character - he loves to shoot. Hardly from the ground sprouts will show, a little sun will taste, if you - and throw a flower arrow. And this means that you can not rely on the root.
We have to dodge: either sowing in the spring or already closer to the fall in the end of summer, it's time to not miss.
Planting the daikon in the spring
Here is the daikon, which I treated to you, sowed in early April on seedlings, and in May I transplanted into the greenhouse. I must say, he loves to live freely, so I planted the plants at a sufficient distance from each other. Rows in 70 cm did, and between seedlings about 30 cm left.
Several pieces for the test dropped directly to the vegetable garden, when the threat of frosts passed. The fact that the Japanese radish horror as cold can not stand. The temperature is below 10 ° C for her that frost. Therefore, for the night and on cold days, the film covered the landing.
What else you need to know: sometimes the root of the daikon goes to the ground almost half a meter. Therefore, when planting a garden I dig through to the same depth, along with compost I'll throw up fertilizers of all sorts of mineral.
And I'm doing the landing myself. I take a borer and for each daikon I make a hole 50 cm deep, fill it with fertile soil, lavishly water it and only then I plant shrubs.
Planting daikon in the fall
I want to try to sow the daikon in the fall, scheduled a landing for the end of July - the beginning of August. Just the radish and cucumber beds were released. By the way, I was promised that with such a late planting daikon does not bloom at all, which is good for the root. But only, I'm afraid, he will not gain his full height until the frost. Yes, and fine, but it will be sweeter, young-something.
The beds were already prepared in the same way as for the spring plantings, only a little more earth was supplied with nitrogen and phosphorus. I will put three seeds in each well for reliability, and if all will rise, then, when these leaves acquire, they will have to be weeded out, leaving only one sprout. Let's see what happens. Be sure to write.
Daikon: care
With regard to care, then there are no difficulties. Regularly and abundantly watering (daikon vodichku loves), weed the weeds, loosen the soil in the inter-row, and to make the root easier to breathe, I'll also walk through the forks around each bush.
And when I see that the root begins to show its white "face" from the ground, I cover it with soil, I am humming it. This is mandatory, because in the air the root of the daikon loses both vitamins and taste.
Pests of daikon
There are a lot of parasitic pests on the da-con. So, the cruciferous flea devoured leaves unmercifully. I run it down with ashes - sprinkle the leaves with water, and sprinkle the ash powder on top.
From the garden scoop is another method - watering the plantings with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Sometimes infusion of hot pepper "potchuyu."
There is one more misfortune - slugs. They try to root. Shred it around the edges, and be healthy. From these barbarians I break through each bunch of grooves and pour ash in them.
Collection and storage
At the time of perfect maturity, the daikon enters one and a half to two months after planting. I harvest only in dry weather. I pull out the root for the tops and, together with the soil that has been adhered to it, I put it aside - let it dry so that the earth itself falls from it.
The fact is that the skin of the daikon is tender, slightly damaged, and for storage such a root is no longer suitable. Therefore, immediately after harvesting I am sorting: whole-on stock, and with flaws-for food.
A couple of roots from spring sowing I define for seeds. I cut off the tops on them, leaving a stalk about 10 cm long. I keep these roots in a cold place for 10 days, after which I plant them again on a bed - I bring the seeds to full maturity.
Whole roots are stacked in wooden boxes, I pour them with layered wet sand and carry them to the cellar. There they are in good health, live right up to February - they are saved exactly the same way to my birthday. However, from time to time I visit them - I check whether the roots are not clotted. If anything, moisten the sand.
Daikon Vegetable: help
Origin
The wild ancestors of daikon (Raphanus sativus) are widespread in East Asia. The merit in adapting the plant as a garden crop belongs to Japanese breeders, who brought out a variety of varieties, differing in shape, size and taste.
Nowdykons success is grown in many countries of the world. In addition to gastronomic use, the fruits of the plant are the main material for carving masters (the art of carving for vegetables).
The nutritional value
Daikon root vegetables are a low-calorie and dietary product. 100 g of Japanese radish contains 21 calories and satisfies the daily requirement for vitamin C by 34%.
In the root also there are enzymes that promote the processing of starchy substances, which is the decisive factor in order to reduce weight. Healing properties Daikon successfully performs antiseptic functions, effectively fights against infectious diseases, treats atherosclerosis and rheumatism. Regular use of daikon fruits helps to remove excess fluid from the body, cleanse the liver and kidneys and even dissolve stones in the gallbladder.
According to the latest research, in the fresh form the daikon neutralizes the effects of radioactive radiation.
VARIETY OF DIKON
Fang of an elephant
Medium-ripened root crop of cylindrical form, up to 25 cm long, weighing up to 400 g. Has high taste qualities, well stored.
Minovas
It grows large (up to 60 cm in length) juicy fruit of mildly sharp taste. It is distinguished by a high degree of safety without loss of taste and value qualities.
Japanese Early
High-yielding variety, has a tender taste, has medicinal properties.
Tokanashi
Resistant to premature stalking variety. Roots of juicy, creamy taste, reach a length of 35-40 cm.
Miyashige
Cold-resistant plant, not prone to early lightning. The weight of the mature root crop is 400 g.
Recipe for pickled daikon
REQUIRED:
2 kg of daikon, 200 g of sugar, 50 g of salt, a glass of vodka, dried apple peel, a pod of pepper, a strong plastic bag.
COOKING METHOD:
Sugar, salt, vodka, apple peel and pepper put in a bag and let it brew. Meanwhile, we are preparing the daikon. Roots are washed, but not cleaned, cut into strips about 10 cm wide, then cut them along.
Fold the sliced daikon in a bag, mix well, put in deep utensils under oppression. The contents of the packet must be mixed twice a day. In a week you can treat yourself. Store in a closed form in the refrigerator.
Marinated daikon is added to the soup, stew, fry, we make salads or simply serve as a separate dish.
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Planting radishes and daikon according to the Lunar calendar of 2016
Radish and daikon are grown almost everywhere, in southern regions, radishes begin to sow already at the end of February. The most favorable days for planting radish and daikon in 2016 according to the Lunar sowing calendar are 1-2, 5-6, 22-24 February, 9-10, March 15-17, 12-13, April 19-20, 1-2 , 5, 29-30 May, 6-8 and 14-15 August, 3-4, 10-12 and 25-27 September. To get a good harvest, you need to know a few secrets.
Planting of radish according to the Lunar sowing calendar of a gardener and gardener in 2016
Radish - cold-resistant plant, the optimum temperature of which is + 16 ... + 20 ° С. At a higher temperature, especially in a greenhouse and a greenhouse, in a short time the leaves grow strongly to the detriment of the root crop.
Radish ripens after 22-25 (up to 40) days after emergence.
The earliest seeding of radish in spring is possible, as soon as the soil is ready for cultivation. In the central belt and the Moscow region seeds of radishes are sown from the third decade of March to May 25. Radish can be planted every 5-10 days, then radish will be delivered to your table by a continuous conveyor: in March - April, put in a greenhouse, in late April - in May - in the open ground.
In the southern regions of Russia and Ukraine, the first seeding of radish in the greenhouse is already in early February. And from the middle of March radish begin to grow in the open ground.
Varieties of radishes for winter storage can be planted in late summer - from 1 to 10 August. The last period of sowing radish is the third decade of September - sowing in the greenhouse. For sowing at the end of summer - in autumn almost any sorts will be used - both early and late. But it is better to sow special autumn varieties - it is usually late-ripening (45 or more days) radish grade with a shelf life of up to three months. For example, Autumn giant , Luck or Octave .
Radis prefers well-lit areas. After 5-6 days after emergence of the shoots, the radish is thinned (leave 2-3 cm between the plants). With a lack of light, the radish forms small root crops, the same effect is obtained with thickened sowing. Radishes are planted in fertile, well-drained soils with a weakly acidic or neutral reaction. Throughout the growth of the radish, the soil is kept moist.
Read more:
Growing radishes: little tricks
Radish grades
Radish cultivation
Planting a daikon according to the Lunar sowing calendar of a gardener and gardener in 2016
In the spring, instead of radish, you can plant a daikon in the greenhouse. For early planting, varieties of the early ripening group are selected. In a heated greenhouse the daikon can be planted already in early March. However, most often daikon is grown in the open ground in an ordinary way: the minimum distance between rows is 25 cm, between plants - 15 cm.
Seeds are sown in a moist soil to a depth of no more than 3-5 cm, topped up with soil, which is compacted. Above, the seeds are mulched with peat or small sawdust.
Thinning crops in the phase of the first real leaflets. During the entire period of planting, the daikon is weeded, loosened and watered. During growth, it is necessary to monitor the moisture of the soil, as a lack of moisture leads to lignification and flabbiness of root crops.
Read more: Features of cultivation daikon
Favorable days for planting radish and daikon in the spring, summer and autumn of 2016 according to the Lunar sowing calendar:
in February: 1-2, 5-6, February 22-24.
in March:9-10, March 15-17, sowing is possible 4, 9-16, 20-22, March 30-31.
in April: 8-9, 12-16, 19-20.
in May: 1-2, 5, May 29-30.
in June: 2-3, 10-12, June 29-30.
in July: 5-6, 8-9, July 26-27.
in August: 7, 31 August.
in September: September 2, you can still plant radish and daikon 4, 10-12, 19, September 23-24.
Favorable days for caring for radish and daikon on the Lunar Sowing Calendar of 2016
For weeding and loosening the rows of radish and daikon the most favorable days: 8, 9, 3-4 and 19-20 May, 1, 4-5, 15, 17, 20-24, 27-28 June, 1-3, 13-14, 24-25, 28- July 29, 1, 9-10, 21-23, August 25-26.
The most painless thinning of radishes and daikon can be done: in March - 3 and 5, in April - 2, 3, 29, in May - 3-6, in June - 3 and 29, in July - 8-9, 20-21, in August - 18.
You can not water a garden, when the Moon falls under the influence of Libra: 25, 26 February, 23, 24 March, 19-21 April, 16-18 May, 13-14 June, 10-12 July, 6-8 August, 3-4 September.
The most suitable days for watering radishes and daikon: 13, 17, March 28, all days of April, except 10-11 and 19-21, May 19-23, June 15, 17, July 13-14, August 9-10, September 5-8.
It is NOT desirable to sow radish and daikon on the Lunar sowing calendar of a horticulturist and gardener in 2016:
in February: February 7-8;
in March: March 5-8 and March 23;
in April: 4-5, 7, 22-26, April 29-30;
in May: 6, 22-23, May 25-28;
in June: 4-5, 19-20, June 23-26;
in July: 1-2, 4, 20-21, 23, 28-30 July;
in August: August 16-20;
in September: 1, 13-14, 16, 25-27 September.
Learn how to grow plants, what kind of work on the garden and garden should be planned, it is possible from articles of our site. Also, please pay attention to the information block to the left of the text. The links in it lead to articles of related subjects.
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Cultivation of Japanese radish daikon | The Road to Business for a Computer
<Предыдущая статья 7 comments Next article\u003eRelative radishes, japanese radish daikon - a delicious and useful root crop of the cruciferous family, which was bred by the Japanese from the Chinese radish forehead. In Russia, the daikon appeared in the late 19th century, and was immediately named "sweet radish" and "white radish".
The very name "daikon" is translated from Japanese as "big root". The roots of the daikon are really large, larger than the radishes, and in Japan they reach a weight of 16 kg. At us the average root crop during harvesting weighs from 0,5 to 4 kg.
The fruits of daikon are more tender and juicy than radishes. They are well preserved in winter.
Dyke contains trace elements: potassium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus. There is a lot of beta-carotene, there is vitamin C, and all the vitamins of group B.
Along with the rest radish, radish and horseradish daikon dissolves and removes stones from the kidneys, and cleanses the liver. And while it does not contain mustard oil, which excites the heart activity, and in some cases are contraindicated.
In the daikon a lot phytoncids, which kill harmful microorganisms. In addition, lysozin, which is contained in it, slows the growth of bacteria.
Daikon cleanses blood vessels, increases appetite, and because of low calorie helps lose weight, removes slag, strengthens hair, removes radiation from the body.
There are also contra-indications. In large quantities, daikon can cause irritation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. It is also not recommended to use a sick ulcer, gastritis, gout.
In food, in addition to root crops, you can also use the tops, in fresh and blanched form.
Cultivation of daikon
Grades of daikon
In Japan, the daikon is grown on the southern islands, in conditions of mild maritime climate in autumn and winter, for 200 days. Tubers at the same time grow up to 16-20 kg or more.
In our conditions, the daikon can not grow like this, so we grow early ripening varieties, with a vegetative period of 50-90 days.
For heavy clay soils, varieties are good Shiroagari and Shogoin.
For loams are suitable Miyashige and Tokinashi.
For light soils, varieties can be used Nerima and Ninengo.
The soil
Cultivation daikon-not such a difficult task, only you need to know some features of care for it. Daikon is quite unpretentious to the soil, it is important only that it is loose to a depth of at least 25 cm. Well loosened soil pre-planting siderata.
Soil Daikon loves neutral or slightly alkaline, with acidity of pH 6-8.
In autumn, on the site for the future daikon, you can add the manure, about half a bucket per square meter. Fresh manure directly under the plants to make in any case is not recommended.
Most of all, the dyke needs potassium and nitrogen, and even less - phosphorus. When leaves grow, you need, basically, nitrogen. In the middle of the growing season, when tubers begin to form, the need for potassium increases. At this time, the plants can make 2-3 fertilizing with a periodicity of 2 weeks, infusion of ash in the ratio of one glass of ash per 10 liters of water. In top dressing, you can add superphosphate, in the proportion of 10 grams per 10 liters of water.
Also, other microelements are needed: boron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, sulfur.
Landing
Daikon does not like a long daylight hours, more than 12-15 hours - and goes to the arrow. Therefore, it must be planted either in early spring, or at the end of July. In the southern regions, the sowing period can be postponed until the end of August.
For spring planting daikon is better to grow seedlings. On seedlings choose varieties with rounded or short cylindrical roots.
Container for seedlings should be at least 10 cm deep, the seeds are planted in moist, well-fertilized soil to a depth of 1.5-2 cm, and mulched from above.
Cultivation of daikon seedlings begins in early March. When the plants are formed, the seedlings are planted in a permanent place. The planting time is immediately after the spring frosts end. If the temperature is still low, below 10 degrees, plants cover with a film.
In the open ground plant daikon planted series of. Between the rows make a distance of 40-60 centimeters, between plants in a row - 20-40 centimeters.
Under autumn, and sometimes in spring, the daikon is not planted with seedlings, but seeds. In each hole put 2-3 seeds, and after the appearance of these leaves excess plants thin out. Plants with thinning are best not pulled, but plucked, so as not to damage the roots of the remaining plants.
After planting a plot mulch peat, straw or rotted sawdust.
Also, sometimes the daikon is planted for summer, for growing on leaves, as a forage crop.
Watering
Daikon is a moisture-loving plant, therefore the soil must be sufficiently moistened, during the whole vegetation period. When there is a shortage of moisture, the root crops become coarse, and the plant itself can go into the shooter. At the same time, it is impossible to make a site constantly too wet - there is a risk that plants will get sick with gray rot.
Harvest
One and a half to two months after sowing, you can harvest. Cleaning is carried out in dry weather.
The daikon, planted in autumn, is cleaned in October before the onset of frost. In the south, cleaning time can be moved until November.
The roots of the daikon are fragile, and therefore they must be digged during harvesting. When harvesting, the tops are cut off.
Daikon yield when properly grown reaches 500-600 kg per hundred parts.
Seeds
The seeds are best grown in spring. After harvesting the best plants cut the tops, leaving cuttings 10 cm high, and remove the roots in the refrigerator. After 10 days root crops are planted under an incline, and are grown until the seeds ripen.
Pests
The main pests of daikon are Crucifera flea, garden scoop and slugs.
To fight crucifera The site is sprinkled immediately after sowing with large ash, and after emergence - with fine ash. If you do not save seedlings, until they have acquired their stiffness and prickle, you can stay without harvest.
Against garden scoops apply infusion of red hot pepper: 5 pods pour 1 liter of hot water, insist 12 hours, and then dissolve in 10 liters of water.
To protect against slug surround the beds with grooves in which ash is poured.
Storage
Root vegetables are stored in a refrigerator or cellar, in boxes with wet sand or moss, until February. Storage temperature: -5 to 1 degree. If the temperature is more than 3 degrees, there is a high probability of white rot on the roots.
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When to plant a daikon in the open ground?
Valentina MD
Daikon is a hybrid of radish and radish. I grew Daikon Sasha, it is round and large, I did not like varieties with a long root crop. Dyke must be planted early, only it will snow when planting radishes, or late after harvesting onions and garlic. In very hot weather, it blooms and does not give root crops. Shoots can be sprinkled with ashes from pests. A very early ripening vegetable in a month or so is already possible to harvest juicy roots.
Aleso
Always plant daikon in the open ground in the tenth of July, the time of ripening from the moment of sowing two months.
A few days before planting, the seeds are wrapped in a wet marlech for germination, then planted.
Thus, shoots appear faster, then it is necessary to thin, remove weak growths, and leave strong ones.
In order to have a good harvest, it is necessary to water the daikon on a regular basis, but not to pour, root crops can rot and necessarily loosen the soil.
oniks28
Many have already appreciated this vitamin-rich and delicious vegetable. But, it can not be grown by everyone. Many complain that the daikon goes to the shooter.
In order to collect a good harvest of daikon, you need to choose the right variety and choose the right time for planting in the open ground.
The most "golden" time for planting the daikon is the middle of the summer from July 15 to August 1. If you plant at this time, the daikon will not bloom, and will not go into the shooter, it will develop the root crop.
It would be nice to plant a bow in row-spacing.
All successful harvest!
Yfnfkmz rjcn
Daikon - unpretentious Japanese radish. 
angren
I plant the daikon in the open ground in mid-July. This plant, like radish and radish, grows well and does not go into the shooter when the day becomes shorter. Plant less often and water more often and you will get an excellent harvest of this root. From the cruciferous flea, the plants can be sprinkled with ashes, tobacco dust, red pepper. Before sprinkling, pour water with laundry soap.
bolshoyvopros.ru
Who raised the daikon, share your impressions
Sergei
And then. Cultivated. It grows quickly and well as a radish, only the root crops will be more porous. Planted less often than the radish to not thicken. Dykon Sasha grow.
Magnate
Dyke is cultivated in an open and protected ground.
In the open ground, before sowing, fallow or compost (1 kg per 1 sq. M.) And mineral fertilizers: ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate - 20 g per 1 sq. M., Superphosphate - 40 g per 1 sq. M. Before planting in autumn or early spring.
The best time for sowing the daikon is the second half of July. In this case, it is possible to avoid the floridity of plants. The fact is that in our conditions, the daikon accelerates the transition to flowering, and the formation of root crops slows down. In the second half of summer, the length of the light day decreases, the formation of flowering shoots is restrained, root crops develop better.
Seeds are sown on beds 140 cm wide in two rows, the sowing scheme is 50-60 cm by 25-40 cm. The distance between the plants in the row depends on the variety characteristics, mainly on the size of the root crops. Seeds are sown in the grooves and sprinkled with loose soil by a layer of 1.5-2 cm. To prevent the formation of a crust, the emergence of sprouts is watered after.
Daikon shoots usually appear after 3-5 days. Shoots of varieties with a rounded root can be transplanted. After the formation of two or three real leaves, the plants are thinned out.
After thinning, the daikon is fed. In the future, as necessary, watered, loosening the soil and remove the weeds. If the soil is fertile, then the plants can not be fed.
The daikon is cleaned in dry weather. On light soils, it is pulled out, digging with a shovel on heavy or deep roots. Then cut the tops and put root crops in boxes with sand, mesh and polyethylene bags. The daikon in the refrigerator is kept well at a temperature of 3-5 ° C.
To obtain an early spring harvest, the daikon is cultivated in sheltered soil. In the glazed and film unheated greenhouses over the beds, additional tunnel film shelters are being built.
Care of plants in greenhouses does not differ from leaving in the open ground: they need to be watered, loosen the soil and weed. When forming three or four real leaves, the daikon is thinned out.
To obtain a late fall harvest, the seeds are sown in August, after harvesting heat-loving crops. When the air temperature drops to +10 ° C, the beds are covered with a film.
R K
Unfortunately, the planted daikon went to color, and not to the root. Such seeds are sold noncha. Care does not require special, it grows like all root crops. Weeding, watering, can be fertilized. They tried a small root, reminds of a radish or radish, only without a tart taste, more tender.
Irina Ryabova
Seiyu on August 1. Frost can not stand. They grow up to me until the middle of October. Rush perfectly. It is stored for a long time, I store it in the sand, in the basement. The care is very simple. By taste, he is very good.
Lyuda Vysotskaya
Daikon culture is good. For 20 years truck farming in Yeisk has tried everything.
Much to what interest is lost. Due to various reasons)))))
Valentina Grigoryeva
I agree with Irina. Cultivate, I think you will not regret. On the New Year's table, it is better than any (Chinese) radish salad to make, perfectly stored, and unlike a radish is not so sharp (the liver spares)
Hedgehog
i will write about storage .. it can be cut off in parts ... store after that in the refrigerator ... tender taste. . you can eat it even for those who have a sick stomach and intestines
Daikon or as it is also called sweet radish, has recently become a popular vegetable for gardeners. This Japanese guest has practically no roots in the bitter-sharp taste inherent in our traditional radish. And it is the absence of bitter-acute taste that allows the use of daikon in cooking. Especially since he, like radish, has a lot of vitamins, mineral salts, fiber and protein in the roots.
Radish daikon: cultivation
Daikon is a unpretentious plant, but the secret of successful growing is the selection of the right variety. Japanese varieties can grow on any ground, but at the same time for each type of soil there is a variety. Varieties of Russian breeding are less demanding for the type of soil and are characterized by early maturity.
Daikon is photophilous, therefore it is planted in well-lit areas. He loves warmth, so at temperatures below 10 degrees, crops should be covered with film or other covering materials. Radish daikon can be sown on seedlings in early spring and seeds in the open ground in summer.
Daikon: growing from seeds
For spring planting daikon soil is prepared from autumn. In autumn, the soil is dug to a depth of at least 25 cm, because the root of the daikon is long. In the soil make humus or compost - 1 kg per 1 square. m, complex fertilizers - 20-25 g per 1 sq. m. On acidic soil, chalk or lime is introduced.
In spring, for each plant, it is desirable to drill holes with a depth of up to 50 cm and fill them with fertile soil. The holes are drilled in rows at a distance of 20-25 cm and the distance between the rows is 60-70 cm.
Seeds of a daikon are preferably soaked for a day for sizing and sowing on seedlings in early April in the landing tanks. A month later the seedlings can be placed in a greenhouse. In the open ground seedlings are planted when the threat of frosts passes, that is, at the end of May - beginning of June, into holes drilled in advance.
But usually daikon our gardeners are grown by sowing seeds in the open ground, from July 1 to July 10, because the growing season it has 50-70 days, and until the fall you can fully have time to harvest.
The soil is prepared in the same way as for the spring planting of seedlings. In the drilled holes, first make holes 4-5 cm deep pour water, and then lay in the holes for 2-3 seeds. Without drilling holes intended for better development of the root crop, the daikon can be sown by ordinary rows into grooves 4-5 cm deep, which are abundantly watered. Seeds of radish daikon are sown at a distance of 8-10 cm. After sowing the beds, sprinkle abundantly with coarse-soled ash to fight slugs and cruciferous flea. Shoots that appear on average after 5 days, too, need to be dusted with ashes, otherwise the invasion of cruciferous flea can significantly reduce the future yield of daikon.
In the phase 2-3 of this leaf, the daikon seedlings are thinned, leaving 20-25 cm between the plants.
Cultivation of daikon in open ground
Cultivation daikon in the open ground does not require any complicated manipulations. Seedlings need to be watered regularly and abundantly, avoiding stagnation of water. With insufficient watering, the roots become stiff and not very edible. We welcome loosening and weeding of weeds. Pedicel deacons are recommended to be removed.
With the growth of a part of the root of a daikon of some varieties, over a period of almost a third it begins to rise above the surface of the soil. To avoid loss of taste, the plant in such cases need to be tempered. To combat cruciferous flea and other pests, young plants are once again pollinated with wood ash or tobacco dust. With the onset of cold nights, it is advisable to cover the daikon with film or non-woven materials.