Each summer resident faces such a challenge as pumping cesspools. No matter how large the septic tank is, it will fill up sooner or later. When such a moment comes, the hosts a country house usually order the service of sewage.
If the holiday village or cooperative has existed for a long time, then the phone, and even the names of the driver and operator to all tenants are well known. How to organize a sewage disposal system, if there is no centralized export, and also what to do if in this particular area the pumping out is impossible (due to the remoteness of the site or the unsuccessful location of the pit), our article will tell.
Sewage cleaning services
What is Ilos
In order to deflate the cesspool, special equipment is required - car-ylos. It consists of two main parts:
- car chassis;
- a proper silo installation including a pump, a flexible hose (hose) and a metal tank (cistern).
By the way, the large capacity of the tank allows in some cases to reduce the cost of pumping by ordering the departure of a sewage machine for servicing several sites at once.
Thus, the fuel costs necessary to reach the holiday village and from it to the sewer collector are significantly reduced.
The professionalism of the sewage brigade is manifested in preventing or minimizing leaks of fecal sediments to the surface of the earth. The pumping process is highly automated.
The payment provides not only for the devastation cesspool, but also the removal of its contents to the point of discharge, the central treatment facilities.
In addition, the service of sewage treatment includes:
- liquefaction of solid sediment, without which it is impossible to clean;
- , if this is necessary;
- some types of additional services. These include the use of special, providing disinfection of septic tanks, and containing special microorganisms that contribute to this process. Here payment by agreement.
Timely pumping out of drain pits not only relieves the inhabitants of the dacha from unpleasant odors, it contributes to the long and efficient operation of the purification system. Few people will come up with the idea to pump a large septic tank on their own, this job requires not only skills and experience, but also special equipment, so it's best to trust this job to professionals who have everything they need at their disposal.
Choosing a cleaning company
When the sludge is spent for many years, the task of choosing the performer of this work is not worth it. But if the country house was built recently, and experience in the treatment activities has not yet been obtained, that is, the need to look for and choose a firm whose services will be relatively inexpensive, and the work of quality. This is done in three steps. It is necessary:
- To make inquiries in the nearest village council or other local authority, which includes the territory of the dacha cooperative about existing firms and organizations that provide services for sewage. There are certainly such, often they serve this particular locality. The more territorially closer such a special enterprise will be to the dacha, the better, as this will affect the cost of work and transportation costs.
Advice from a professional:If there is an opportunity to agree with a team consisting, as a rule, of two people, directly, then this is an ideal option, they may be able to pump out waste pit incidentally, for almost a symbolic reward.
- If, however, privately, it was not possible to negotiate, then the business will have to be with the firm. In this case, a contract is concluded in which the following should be specified in detail:
- deadlines;
- volume of work;
- cost and tariffs;
- responsibility of the parties;
- addresses of the parties;
- additional conditions.
- Remit payment. In the first case, when the contract was oral, it is done simply, in cash. If the executor is a legal entity, that is, the firm, payment is made either through its cash desk with an extract of incoming and outgoing orders, or according to an account in the bank branch. In both cases, a receipt confirming the fact of payment should be kept at least until the moment when the pumping out of the discharge pits is safely completed.
How to clean a cesspool by yourself
In some cases, when the dacha only occasionally serves as a resting place for a small family, the septic tank is filled so slowly that the owners do not want to call the sanitation machine to the owners. If the amount of solid sediment is small, in principle, it is possible to pump out the drainage well on its own. To do this, it is desirable to have two items:
- . It is inexpensive, and is freely sold. You can also use a conventional water pump, but in this case it must be equipped with a filter, otherwise it will quickly clog.
- Capacity for collection of fecal sediment. It can be a barrel made of plastic for chemical reagents, or metal. Best if the lid tightly closes.
Advice from a professional:An alternative option is also possible - the use of modern biological products that break solid waste to liquid state and process them. Such means contain special microorganisms intended for the disposal of sewage.
Experienced summer residents know how to clean a cesspool, they have repeatedly observed the work of a sludge machine, so nothing new is needed to invent them. However, there is one important warning. Do not clean plastic septic tanks yourself, they are easily damaged and their emptying has a number of characteristics. In these cases, you still need to contact a specialist.
Comfortable and comfortable living in a country house depends to a large extent on the availability and the device autonomous sewerage. There are many systems that successfully work on wastewater and waste disposal. Many of them provide for the treatment of sewage by bacterial processing or the presence of a good drainage filter.
However, pumping out cesspools should occur regularly. This event guarantees a normal standard of living in a private home.
Ways of cleaning the cesspool
There are two ways to clean the cesspool from sewage and waste residues:
- with the help of a special sewer machine;
- independently pump out and clean the cesspool.
The simplest thing in this situation is the call of special equipment and the application to an enterprise specializing in waste disposal services. This requires only a convenient access to the cesspool and money to pay for the work of specialists. The regularity of pumping and, accordingly, the amount of funds will depend on the frequency of filling the pit and its type.
The main requirement for the work of the sanitizers is a complete cleaning of the pit and removal of all waste from it.
Only in this case the normal functioning of the autonomous sewage system will be ensured. If the cesspool is only partially cleaned, then the pumping frequency will increase steadily, and as a result, the cash costs will increase.
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Existing ways to clean the cesspool allow you to remove waste from it and make life comfortable. Therefore, waste disposal is the cheapest option or it is necessary in case there is no possibility to call specialists.
In this case, there are also two options for doing this work:
- cleaning the cesspool with our own hands, the old method, tested by our ancestors, using a bucket and rope;
- drainage of sewerage by means of specialized pumps.
A small cesspool is easy to clean by hand. However, this procedure will not give pleasure to the owner of the house and is unlikely to contribute to a normal level of comfort. In addition, unpleasant smells throughout the site are guaranteed.
The most acceptable solution in this situation is to use pumps for pumping out cesspools. You can use conventional water pumps. But they will drain only water, and heavy fractions of waste and fecal matter will remain in the cesspool. They will have to be cleaned over time with their own hands.
Therefore, it is necessary to use special faecal pumps that will remove all wastes from the pit completely. It takes a little time and effort. The only problem with this is where to put the contents of the cesspool.
The only way out is to use an additional storage tank for storing waste water and waste, which after a certain time is pumped out using a sewage machine. This tank should be, if possible, large in size with a tight lid, so that there are no unpleasant odors on the site of the house.
For more convenient work on the cleaning of the pit, it is recommended that the accumulated wastewater and waste be pre-treated with a special biological solution. Useful bacteria will process harmful organic substances into neutral compounds and purify water.
If the cleaning of the pit is to be done quickly and with good results, experts recommend the use of modern faecal pumps that have a cutting mechanism for grinding solid waste. In this case, a complete pumping of drains from a private house is guaranteed.
And the use of conventional water pumps is unacceptable without additional filters, as this can lead to their failure.
To reduce the amount of sewage siphoning, and save money, you need to make a cesspool with a filter bottom. For this, the storage tank does not need to make the bottom sealed. Instead, it is necessary to lay several layers of gravel or pebbles with coarse sand, that is, make a filter.
The thickness of the cleaning layer must be at least one meter. Sewage will be cleaned naturally. However, if the groundwater is located close to the surface of the house, then this option is unacceptable. In this case, it is better to use an additional container with a filter.
Comments:
With the advent of summer cottages, where there is no sanitation, the owners sooner or later face a problem. No less relevant is the question: how to deflate a cesspool.
If there is no regular cleaning cesspools, then they will become a dangerous hotbed of development of pathogenic bacteria.
Types of pits
There are several types of waste pits:
- pit without bottom;
- with septic filler;
- sealed storage tanks - dry closets.
The first type is used if the daily volume of wastewater is not more than 1 m3. With a small amount of impurities, they are processed by bacteria that are in the soil, naturally. without a bottom are used in suburban areas where they do not live permanently, but come on time.
Septic fillers are an excellent option, when the composition of the soil is sandy, that is, a good fluid. Septic tanks have an advantage over other types of drainage structures, since they completely neutralize the unpleasant smell and contribute to the cleaning of drains. But with the long use of septic tanks, they also need to be cleaned.
Toilets have become very popular at the present time, since they do not pollute the environment at all. The hermetically sealed reservoir is a reservoir of a certain volume, where the sewage is accumulated.
Cleaning of the hermetic accumulator takes place regularly by evacuating the drains with a special machine with a deposit. Toilets are usually installed in parks, squares during festivals and concerts, that is, in places of temporary congestion of the people.
Cleaning of this tank is quite expensive and not suitable for private housing. If not in time, then this reservoir can become a source of a hideous smell and a breeding ground for insects and bacteria.
Thus, any kind of drainage pit needs to be cleaned in a timely manner to avoid contamination of air, soil and plants growing next to each other.
Pumping
There are ways to clean the cesspools:
- Pumping with a special fecal pump.
- Removal of waste with the help of a sewage machine.
- The cesspool is cleaned by itself using a bucket.
- Neutralization of impurities by biochemical preparations.
The first method is characterized by simplicity and reliability, but it is also the most costly. Such pumps are equipped with automation and with the help of the sensor themselves regulate the level of sewage. That is, if this device is always in the sinkhole, it will automatically start filtering the pit. A water pump can also be used for this purpose, but there is a risk of its quick clogging.
Before you start pumping feces, you must take care of the reservoir in advance, where the sewage will be pumped out. The container must necessarily have a roof, so that the smell and bacteria do not penetrate into the environment. Then sewage are taken to a special place where toxic waste is disposed of.
When there is no possibility to take out cesspools on their own, then in this case they resort to the services of a sewage machine. Sanctuaries work in many cities and large towns to provide services for cleaning the drainage pits.
This method is the most expensive, but without it you can not do, if it is a private house with a permanent residence. If the family, consisting of 4-5 people, constantly uses all public services, as well as a dishwasher and a washing machine, the help of the sewers will be needed once a week and a half.
Cleaning with biopreparations
This method is quite simple. American scientists have been bred special bacteria that are able to process the composition of cesspools, even if there is chlorine. The property of these bacteria is that they are asleep before they enter the wastewater environment, and the bacteria are activated in a moist environment.
Biopreparations can process feces, paper, fats and other microorganisms that cause an unpleasant smell.
Biopreparations have a different degree of purification. Their effectiveness is characterized by the following parameters:
- reduction of the volume of discharge water;
- processing of the discharge pit to the state of the liquid, which is then absorbed into the soil;
- complete processing of waste water and feces.
The most common biopreparations are: "Septic-biogranules", "Septic-10", enzyme products.
Chemicals for cleaning cesspools use such: nitrate oxidants, formaldehydes. The latter are quite toxic and harmful, so they are rarely used. In summer, it is better to resort to safe bioactivators.
Chemical and biological products can not completely rework organic emissions, but they can significantly reduce their volume, which will save the number of calls of specialists-sanitizers.
Cesspit is the most popular and economical method for organizing sewage system, despite the wide variety of methods for wastewater treatment. The cost-effectiveness of this method is based on the low cost of building materials, low labor intensity and the ability to independently determine its size. The only drawback is the pumping of waste pits. It is time consuming to drain the drainage pit, but it is extremely important and necessary.
Pumping out a cesspool is a complex but necessary process
Norms of operation of drainage pits
For sanitary pits and other structures of the same type, sanitary norms and operating rules have been established in the Russian Federation. If they are not observed, as well as with a certain density of construction, the drainage pit can damage the environment and people.
It is very important before planning the arrangement of the flow that it will become acquainted with the norms of construction: the minimum distance to residential buildings, the minimum distance to the source of drinking water, the distance to explosive substances.
The minimal consequence of improper exploitation of the extract will be an unpleasant smell. But most often this type of construction is not tight and this makes them dangerous in case of an overabundance of gases. The design of some drainage pits and does provide for the withdrawal directly into the soil, which in its dangerous and impractical.
Subsequently, soil contamination, including fertile soil, occurs, and these are negative factors that subsequently influence the fertility of the soil and the quality of the water (liquid). And also, most of the elements in the household chemistry that is in the sewage water settle down and gradually leave in the ground, thus provoking contamination of the ground, which in the future will lead to the death or diseases of fruitful trees and berry bushes.
Another reason why a timely pumping out of cesspools is necessary is the possibility of overfilling with rainwater or groundwater. In a garden economy this is a real disaster. In addition, decomposition of fecal waste releases methane gas. A high concentration of this gas can be dangerous for life and health. So you need to know how to pump out the cesspool, and when it should be done.
How to drain a waste water tank?
There are two options for pumping out sewage from such a structure:
- independent pumping out of drain pits;
- with the help of specialized organizations.
How to clean the drain yourself
Self cleaning is possible by:
- biological;
- chemical;
- mechanical.
Preparations for liquefaction of waste help to clear the pit
The drainage pit can be drained with the help of biological microorganisms.
Namely, by introducing into the waste pit bacteria, the nutrient medium for which is the organic component of the runoff. As a result, with the correct calculation of the amount of the drug, the contents of the cesspool will become a liquid without mechanical impurities. Remember, before use, you should carefully read the instructions on the package of the drug.
Types of products for liquefaction of waste
There are two types of drugs:
- with anaerobic bacteria;
- with aerobic bacteria.
The former exist in places with a minimum amount of oxygen, which is of practical value in cleaning and soil.
The latter exist only with the necessary amount of oxygen for their vital activity. In turn, they are used only in the presence of a special design of a drain pit with aerators (installation for the enrichment of large areas of air) or a system of ventilation pipes. Note that the use of this type of drugs provides a high degree of purification, about 90 - 95%.
However, for bacteria, a number of conditions are necessary in which they can lead active life activity. Such as a certain temperature regime and not chlorine and non-aggressive environment.
Chemical Sewage Treatment
This method involves the use of chemicals that contribute to the destruction of runoff. Namely, it is akin to biological purification. That is, a chemical substance processes the contents of the runoff into water and sludge. Water, in turn, goes into the soil, and the level of fullness drops sharply. But simultaneously emit harmful vapors into the environment, they can cause the birth and accumulation of pathogenic bacteria.
Aggressive substances in chemical preparations can destroy the surface metal pipes and pipes with poor-quality plastic. Handle such medications carefully. It is important not to allow aggressive substances to enter the ground near the drain or into sewage, due to the risk of severe poisoning.
Types of chemical agents
Chemicals by type:
- formaldehydes;
- bleaching powder;
- nitrate oxidants.
The use of formaldehyde or formalin is the most economical and popular method, despite the carcinogenicity. It is used as a strong antiseptic for water purification. Only 10-15 gr. solution represent a mortal danger to humans and any living organisms. They receive it for the needs of industry, industrial markets receive limited lots, and in open trade is deduced in small quantities.
The use of bleach is also a sought-after treatment option and highly carcinogenic. It also has a high risk for living organisms and can harm the environment if used incorrectly, but it has a low cost, which is the reason for the high demand.
Compared with the above substances, nitrate oxidants will be safer and justified in application. The price of these drugs is much higher, but the cleaning effect is higher. Nitrates are very diverse. Some of them, namely nitric acids, can form mixtures during the processing, which can then be used as fertilizers.
But the most cost-effective and with the maximum number of positive sides are ammonium compounds. The thing is that during the decomposition form nitrogen structures that, when interacting with water, reach a high amount of alkali, which in turn is a high indicator of the decomposition of sewage waste.
However, like all chemicals, ammonium compounds are dangerous to humans and the environment. Not only in pure form, but also in the form of vapors. Therefore, it is eliminated by a strictly vacuum cleaning method.
Mechanical pumping of waste water
Mechanical cleaning as a principle is the first step in cleaning. The mechanical methods include:
- gravitational settling;
- straining;
- filtration.
The choice of method depends on the type of pollution in the water drains. Mechanical pumping can be done independently, or by calling specialized organizations (sewerage service). If the size of the cesspool is small, then the call of a specialized service is inappropriate.
Self-cleaning drain
How to pump out the drain hole yourself? The first and most important rule: first you need to open the lid to reduce the amount of methane. You can independently clean the cesspool by yourself, with the help of:
- shovels;
- buckets;
- ropes;
- special clothes;
- personal protective equipment (gas mask with air supply);
- assistant.
Being at the bottom of the pit, there is a risk of poisoning in pairs, so it is better to take care of the presence of a gas mask, preferably with an air supply. But for insurance, you need an assistant who, if necessary, will pull you out of the end of the rope tied around you, if necessary. Hand work is hard, laborious, unpleasant and dangerous. Therefore it is better to use special equipment. To do this you will need:
- pump;
- a container for waste water disposal;
- special clothes;
- individual protection means.
Pump for pumping must be specialized, because The water pump can not cope with this task and will break. In the construction of sewage pumps, a shredder for solid inclusions in the sewage composition is provided. Pumps come in three types:
Submersible pump is useful for self-pumping pits
- submersible pump;
- semisubmersible pump;
- surface pump.
In order to make the correct pumping out of wastewater, several determining factors must be taken into account:
- type of pump;
- height of water pump;
- volume of the sink pit.
To calculate the height of the water column, you need to know the distance from the installation site of the pump to the bottom (depth), the distance of the pipes located on the surface (if any). These data are summed up and divided by 10. To select the pump of the required power, you need to know the scope of the work, i.e. volume of storage.
Such organizations offer mechanical pumping with sewer machines. The car approaches as close to the pit as possible. It is not always possible to drive directly to it, so cars are often equipped with flexible hoses, up to 10 meters.
It is necessary to take this into account when calling the service and to refine the above-described data. Further, with the help of vacuum pumping equipment built into the machine, sewage is pumped into the tank. Then the machine takes out everything for recycling.
The central sewer system is not always available to residents of small towns and the private sector. Very often the only available option for diversion and collection of domestic waste is a septic tank or a cesspool. It is very important, when planning the arrangement of a cesspool on its site, it is necessary to correctly calculate the volume of wastewater and the way to pump and dispose of it, and, based on this, choose the type of cesspool. Below we will consider the types of cesspools that can be made on your own personal or suburban area, as well as equipment and methods for pumping domestic sewage.
Types of cesspools
All cesspools can be divided into three main types:
- Absorbing cesspools (pits without a sealed bottom).
- Hermetic cesspools.
- Septics
The simplest and most a budget option Arrangement of a cesspool is a common storage tank without a sealed bottom. What are the advantages of such a cesspool? First, such a cesspool without pumping can last a long time, depending on how dense the ground is on the site. Secondly, such a cesspool of the house can be of relatively small size, and the device of the cesspool does not need to spend a lot of money.
However, such a reservoir has a number of significant drawbacks. One of the main - household waste from the pit fall immediately into the ground, which can harm the environment and health. In addition, a pit without a sealed bottom can not cope with a large volume of sewage. Another drawback - the pit eventually sinks. Even if there is sandy soil on the site, and water initially leaves very quickly, in time, the runoff will be absorbed all the worse because of accumulation at the bottom of the silt. The pit gradually becomes shallow, and it falls asleep, and it is necessary to dig a new one. This is another disadvantage of a cesspool without a bottom - the useful area of the plot decreases.
Hermetic cesspit is not dangerous for the environment, it is much more convenient to operate. The sealed pit is a closed tank that does not allow water to pass through. Building Material for such a pit can serve as concrete, brick, plastic, gas silicate block, etc. Such a pit requires frequent pumping, for which it will be necessary to call a sewer machine, and with increasing service life it will have to be done more often. And if a large volume of drains constantly flows into the sealed cesspool, then the car-scavenger will have to be called about once a week, since sludge will accumulate at the bottom of the pit, and the visit of the sewers will not be so cheap.
Important point: by arranging a private sewage system, try to calculate its volume - it should roughly coincide with the capacity of the sewage machine. Thus, until her next visit, the cesspool will not have time to overflow.
The most reliable type of cesspool, which can be arranged on its site, is a septic tank. This construction is a well, the bottom of which is lined with a thick layer of crushed stone, gravel, or broken bricks, which serves as a filter for drains. The bottom filter produces an initial, rough cleaning of the drain, then the water enters the ground, where it gradually clears. Thus, the septic tank is filled rather slowly, and the minimum amount of contaminated water gets into the soil.
A septic tank can be single- and multi-chamber. The multicameral septic tank is distinguished by its good environmental friendliness, because it involves deep water purification, which can even be used for irrigation. However, the device of the multi-chamber septic tank is labor-intensive and expensive.
If there is a desire to work independently on the device of a cesspool, and there are no extra means, you can use worn-out automotive rubber.
Tires can be completely "bald", but without holes. This option allows you to save not only at the expense, in other words, garbage, which you can get for copecks or for free at the nearest tire fitting, but also on the device concrete foundation, which can be successfully replaced with a pillow made of rubble and sand. Its thickness should be about 40 centimeters. From above it is possible to make 10-15 centimeter cement screed.
To increase the volume of the rubber tank, the side parts of the tires are cut.
It is desirable to connect the tires with each other using bolts. Inside the rubber well a sewage pipe is being built - and the cesspool is ready.
Absorbing pit by one's own hands
This design attracts the owners of their own countryside by its simplicity and the possibility of not often resorting to the services of sewers. The walls of the cesspool can be laid out of a brick or a gas silicate block. It's even easier and faster to install concrete rings in the well, but in this case you can not do without a crane manipulator. Consider a variant of a cesspool using concrete rings in more detail.
So, the concrete rings with a diameter of one meter will need three pieces. First, you need to excavate the pit, the shaft, whose diameter should exceed the diameter of the ring by about 80 centimeters.
At the bottom of the shaft, along the perimeter, make a concrete screed, leaving the central part empty. Screed will serve as the basis for the lower ring. In the lowest ring, a number of holes are drilled in order that the water can freely move out of the hole. You can buy a concrete ring with the holes ready.
The diameter of the holes should be about 5 centimeters.
Important point: do not make a well depth of more than three meters, as the hose of the sewage machine may not reach the bottom and extract a muddy residue.
The lower part of the well is covered with a simple filtering composition: broken brick, gravel and sand. Its thickness should be about a meter.
The same composition falls asleep and the outer space between the rings and the ground. Directly before filling, the outer and inner parts of the rings must be treated with bitumen mastic for waterproofing. You can save a little bit of bitumen mastic and coat the rings with a layer of greasy clay on the outside. At the end of the work, the shaft of the well is closed with a lid with two openings - one for pumping out the drain, the second for venting the cesspool.
The walls of the absorbing well can also be laid out of bricks. For this purpose, and a brick "used" - the main thing is that it does not crumble and crack. Brickwork takes much more time and effort than setting rings. But for laying the brick in the sewer shaft, the mason's skills will not be needed - nobody will see the clutch anyway. The main thing is to properly tie the corners. The bricks are put in staggered order, leaving holes for drainage of water.
Before the beginning of the laying at the bottom of the pit, a cement screed is arranged along the perimeter - just as in the case with concrete rings. The screed should last for 7-8 days. In the process of laying bricks, it is necessary to leave holes under the sewer pipe. It should be below the freezing point of the ground so that in winter there are no problems with drainage. Sewage pipe should have a smooth, not too steep inclination from the house in the direction of the cesspool.
Ready-made cesspool kit
The most convenient and fastest option is to make a cesspool in accordance with the accurately sized dimensions of the finished components. The only insignificant drawback is that the manufacturer himself sets the parameters of the volume of the structure. But since the product is released with the expectation of an average consumer, it will not be difficult to find a suitable kit.
First of all, they dig a pit, taking into account the dimensions of concrete components. At the bottom sewage well arrange a concrete pillow and leave it for a week, until the concrete gets stronger. During this time, the concrete is dampened with water from time to time.
After that, you can order delivery kit. Typically, the implementers provide the installation of concrete sewerage parts using a manipulator mounted on the car. When installing between rings, it is recommended to make a jumper for separating dirt and treated water.
As is clear from the foregoing, there are quite a lot of methods for arranging a cesspool on its site. It remains only from the variety of options to choose the most suitable, which meets individual needs.
Pumping out cesspools
Cleaning the cesspool can be done by contacting the suction trucks for help, but you can do it yourself.
In a specialized company engaged in pumping and recycling of domestic sewage, it is guaranteed to provide appropriate services, completely clearing the cesspool or septic tank from the waste. For this you will have to pay a certain amount.
In addition, it is necessary to ensure the free entrance of a bulky car to the cesspool. It must also be ensured that the machine picks up all waste to the bottom, only then the cesspool or septic tank will function normally.
Self-cleaning of the cesspool can be done manually or by means of a fecal or faecal-drainage pump. Manual cleaning is carried out only if the pit is of small volume. It will take a rope or pole, to which a bucket is attached.
It is also necessary to protect all exposed skin areas from contact with contaminated drains. Will not interfere with the cotton-gauze dressing or a respirator. It is clear that the pleasure of such work is very doubtful, and a pungent smell throughout the site is guaranteed. For a regular pumping out of the cesspool, it is better to purchase a fecal pump and a capacity of a suitable volume for temporary storage of pumped out drains.
Household fecal pumps for cesspools
The main difference between faecal pumps and other models is that they can be used to pump out a liquid containing solid deposits without problems.
Such equipment is very useful for the owners of sites that are subject to regular flooding with groundwater, since with the help of fecal pumps it is possible to pump not only sewage from cesspools and septic tanks, but also water from the basement and the house.
All fecal pumps for the design and installation method are divided into several types:
- Surface pumps.
- Submersible pumps.
- Semi-submersible pumps.
It should immediately be noted that surface and semi-submersible pumps are not suitable for pumping out cesspits. There are several reasons for this, but the main thing is the absence of a grinder for solid particles. Since pumping septic tanks and cesspools should be made to the very bottom, the pump will inevitably have to pump solid fractions, and it is desirable that the pump is at the bottom of the tank. And although surface pumps are easier to install and dismantle, only a submersible pump can handle one hundred percent with pumping out the cesspit. Before starting work, you should carefully read the instructions, as the parameters and operating conditions of different models may differ significantly.
Submersible faecal pump is installed on the bottom of the cesspool or septic tank. In this case, special guides are placed on the wall of the tank, and a branch pipe is lowered to the bottom. The pump is lowered on a chain or a cable. The pump is mounted on the nipple under the weight of its own weight. Such equipment is popular due to its convenience and ease of use.
The pump's capacity must correspond to the volume of liquid that must be pumped out and the height at which it needs to be lifted. The maximum power of the submersible pump can be 40 kW. A pump of this power can pump about 400 cubic meters of liquid per hour, lifting it from a depth of 20 meters. But there is no point in buying such a pump for your own site. Calculate the power of the pump for each particular case is very simple with the help of the formula: pit depth + hose length / 10. For example, the depth of the septic tank is 8 meters, the hose is needed for 40 meters of length: 8 + 40/10 = 12 meters. That is, when buying a pump, you should give preference to a pump capable of raising sewage to a height of 12 meters or more. A small margin of power will allow the pump to run without unnecessary load.
As we have already mentioned, such a useful thing as a chopper is mainly equipped with submersible pumps.
As for surface and semi-submersible models, they have only a hose inside the drain, and the pump itself is near the pit. Thus, all the solid particles must first fly along the entire length of the hose, and crush already at the top. For this reason, surface hoses often hose hoses. In addition, in these models, the chopper is installed only at the customer's request, it is not standard.
Submersible pumps have no competitors in terms of protection and resistance to aggressive environments. Virtually all models are designed for 10 years or more. So, you can buy such a pump for a cesspool, install it, and that's it. Automation will react as soon as the level of sewage rises to a certain level, and the pump itself pumps out everything. But there is one necessary condition: a system of settling tanks must be installed on the site or a suitable capacity for the subsequent removal of wastewater is adapted. Of course, it is possible, by the simplicity of the soul, to take the hose to the nearest gutter, or simply to some wasteland outside the site, but in this case be prepared for the neighbors to promptly inform about your self-activity "where you should go."
And finally: try not to be tempted by the small price of Chinese handicrafts, and choose the pumps of proven manufacturers: SFA, Sprut, Grundfos, etc.