Photo of a medicinal plant Dill odorous (garden)
Dill - medicinal properties and contraindications
Dill odorous (garden) strengthens the secretion of secretion of digestive glands, motility of the digestive tract, increases appetite, promotes normalization of metabolism in the body.
Latin name: Anethum graveolens.
English name: Dill.
Family: Umbrella - Apiaceae.
Synonyms: dill garden, dill fragrant, dill fragrant.
Popular names:cucumber cumin, grass from gases.
Pharmacy name: Fruits of dill - Anethi fructus.
Used parts of dill: seeds.
Botanical description: umbellate plant with finely divided leaves.
Habitat: in the wild, fennel grows in Asia Minor, North Africa, Iran, the Himalayas. As a cultivated and weeds plant - everywhere on all continents. Successful cultivation requires a warm or hot summer and plenty of sunlight; even a small shadow will significantly reduce the yield. Also desirable is a rich, well-loosened soil. Seeds are viable for 3-10 years. Plants grown on seeds for subsequent planting should not be placed next to fennel, as these two species can produce hybrids.
Collection and Procurement: seeds of dill fragrant are collected by cutting flowers from the cuttings when the seeds begin to ripen. Inflorescences with the seeds are placed upside down in a paper bag and left in a warm dry place for one week. Then the seeds are easily separated from the stems and stored in sealed containers.
Active substances: In the leaves of dill, there are ascorbic and nicotinic acids, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, as well as flavonoids - quercetin, isoramnetin and kaempferol, carbohydrates, pectin substances, a set of mineral salts (iron, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, etc.). Fruit of dill contains 15-18% of fatty oil and 14-15% of proteins. The composition of the fatty oil includes petroselinic acid (25.35%), oleic acid (65.46), palmitic acid (3.05) and linoleic acid (6.13%).
Photo of a young dill odorous (garden)
Nutritional value of 100 grams of fresh dill
100 grams of fresh young dill contains 3.46 grams of protein, 7.02 grams of carbohydrates, 2.1 grams, calories = 43 kcal.
Vitamins:
- - 7718 IU
- 0.058 mg
- - 0.296 mg
- - 1.570 mg
- - 0.397 mg
- - 0.185 mg
- 150 mcg
- - 85.0 mg
- And other vitamins in dill, but with less content.
Macro and trace elements:
- - 6.59 mg
- - 738 mg
- - 208 mg
- - 55 mg
- - 1.264 mg
- - 0.146 mg
- - 61 mg
- - 66 mg
- - 0.91 mg
- And other macro-microelements in dill, but with less content.
In all parts of the dill, there is an essential oil that gives them a specific smell, flavonoids. Especially a lot of essential oil in fennel fruits (2.5-4%). Essential oil is a liquid of light yellow color with a pleasant, very gentle smell resembling a smell. The main component of oil from fruits is D-carvone (30-50%); In addition, in the oil there are D-limonene, α-phellandrene, α-pinene, dipentene, dihydrocarvone. Oil from the grassy parts of fennel dill is a slightly greenish liquid with the smell of dill. The main constituent of essential oil from grass is D-α-flalandrane, the content of carvone reaches only 15-16%. In addition, the oil contains limonene, dillapiol, myristicin, α-pinene, camphene, mr.-ooctyl alcohol.
Dill - useful properties and application
Thanks to the presence of essential oil of dill garden and a diverse set of vitamins and minerals, consumption of dill strengthens the secretion of secretion of digestive glands, motility of the digestive tract, increases appetite, helps normalize metabolism in the body. Therefore it is desirable to use greens of dill in dietary nutrition with obesity, liver diseases, gall bladder, kidneys, anacid gastritis, flatulence.
Dill odorous in traditional medicine
Dill is widely used in folk medicine. Infusion of leaves and stems is used in hypertensive illnesses I and II degree and as a diuretic. Seeds and essential oil of dill acts as a carminative, sedative and antispasmodic, and also have a sedative effect. Essential oil of a scent of fragrant (garden) moderately irritates secretory cells of bronchial glands, as a result of which the release of bronchial mucus is facilitated. Infusion of fennel seeds is consumed internally as an anti-hemorrhoidal remedy and externally as wound healing and with allergic skin itch.
Many people know "dill water", which is given to children with the accumulation of gases in the intestine. But not everyone knows that with dill this water has little in common, as it is prepared by dissolving the essential oil of a related umbelliferous plant - fennel in water. The fact is that the people are called pharmacy dill, for its similarity with the vegetable garden and high medicinal properties.
Photo of dill seeds of odorous (vegetable)
Folk treatment of dill seeds
- Allergy. Dilute the dill juice with odorous water in a ratio of 1: 2. Use as a compress with itching.
- Insomnia. 1 tablespoon of the crushed seeds to make a glass of boiled water, to insist 30 minutes, strain and drink infusion for the night.
- Insomnia. 50 grams of dill seeds pour 0,5 l of cahors, boil for 15-20 minutes on a quiet fire. Insist, wrapped, one hour. Strain, wring out. Take before bedtime to 50-60 g.
- Diseases of the skin. Pour 2 tablespoons chopped fennel seeds of vegetable garden with 2 glasses of boiling water, insist under the lid for 10 minutes. Lubricate the affected area.
- Heart disease. In 1 liter of boiling water, pour 1 tablespoon of dill seeds. Boil 5 minutes, insist and drink 1 liter a day for a month. Treatment should be repeated after a one-month break.
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system. 3 tablespoons chopped fennel dill, pour 1 cup boiling water, boil in a sealed container in a water bath for 15 minutes and allow to cool for 45 minutes. Strain through 2-3 layers of gauze, bring the volume to the original and drink the broth before eating 1/3 cup 3 times a day.
- Pain in the legs. 1 tablespoon of dill seeds odorous pour boiling water 300 ml and insist in a thermos. Drink 150 ml on an empty stomach in the morning and on an empty stomach at night. The course of treatment is 21 days. Relieves numbness, swelling of the legs, the veins cease to hurt. For prevention, you can take dill-water 150 ml only for the night.
- Hypertension. From high pressure Dill (vegetable garden) helps well, you need to eat it as much as possible.
- Hypertension. 3 tablespoons chopped dill pour 1 cup of boiling water, boil in a sealed container in a water bath for 15 minutes and allow to cool for 45 minutes. Strain through 2-3 layers of gauze, bring the volume to the original and drink the infusion before eating 1/3 cup 3 times a day.
- Dysbacteriosis. Seeds of dill garden to grind in a coffee grinder. Take 0.5 teaspoon of powdered seeds, mixing it with 0.5 tablespoon of vegetable oil, in the morning and at lunch. The course of treatment is 6-8 days, then 5 days - a break. And so 2-3 times. As a result, the bloating stops, the stool is normalized, heartburn and belching disappear.
- Hiccups. 1 teaspoon fennel seeds pour 1 cup of boiling water, boil for 3-5 minutes, drain. To get rid of hiccups, drink a broth 1/2 cup 3 times a day.
- Stones in the gallbladder and bile ducts. 2 tablespoons of dill seeds pour 2 cups of boiling water, boil on a quiet fire for 15 minutes, drain. Drink broth 1/2 cup 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
- Flatulence (treatment). Pour 1 tablespoon dehydrated seeds of dill odorous 1.5 cup of boiling water (this is the daily rate). Insist in a sealed container for 2-3 hours. Take dill-water by 0,5 glasses 3 times a day for 2 hours before meals.
- Neurasthenia. 1 tablespoon of herb dill fragrant pour 1 cup boiling water, insist 15-20 minutes, drain. Drink an infusion of 1/2 cup 2 times a day.
- Numbness of legs. 1 tablespoon seeds of dill vegetable garden pour 300 ml of boiling water, insist in a thermos. Take an infusion of 150 ml on an empty stomach, in the morning and in the evening. The course of treatment is 21 days. To conduct 2 such courses. Relieves numbness, swelling of the legs, the veins cease to hurt. For prevention, you can take dill-water 150 ml only for the night.
- Swelling of the feet. 1 tablespoon of dill seeds fragrant pour boiling water 300 ml and insist in a thermos. Drink infusion of 150 ml on an empty stomach in the morning and on an empty stomach at night. The course of treatment is 21 days. Relieves numbness, swelling of the legs, the veins cease to hurt. For prevention, you can take dill-water 150 ml only for the night.
- Renal stone disease. 2 teaspoons of dill seeds pour 1.5 cups of hot water. Infuse for 5-6 hours, drain. Drink an infusion of 1/2 cup 3 times a day.
- The child is very nervous. 1 tablespoon seeds of dill vegetable garden pour 1.5 cups of boiling water, infuse for 10-15 minutes. Drink infusion of 1/3 cup morning and evening.
- Cholecystitis. 2 tablespoons of dill seeds fragrant smash into a gruel, put in a thermos and pour 2 cups of boiling water. Infuse for 30-40 minutes, then drain. Drink infusion of 1/2 cup for half an hour before meals 3-4 times a day.
- Cystitis. 1 teaspoon of dill seed grind in a coffee grinder in flour, pour 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 1 hour, then drink the infusion in the morning on an empty stomach together with the sediment. The course of treatment is 1 week.
- Noise in ears. 2 tablespoons dill seeds fragrant, pour 0.5 liters of water, bring to a boil. Remove immediately and allow to cool to room temperature. Take 100 ml 3-4 times a day, regardless of food. Such a decoction "rinses" the vessels and, as a consequence, decreases the noise in the ears.
- Enuresis (in children and adults). 1 tablespoon seeds of dill garden to fall asleep in a thermos and pour a glass of boiling water. Insist the night. In the morning, strain, cool and drink an infusion on an empty stomach. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
Use of dill in the diet
Dill odorous (vegetable garden) has a strong spicy refreshing taste and smell. Used in fresh, dried or salted form. For preserving vegetables, preparing fragrant vinegar, dill is used in the flowering or fruiting phase. Dried dill is used in various mixtures of spices and for cooking dishes.
Dill has a strong spicy refreshing taste and smell. Used in fresh, dried or salted form. For the preservation of vegetables, the preparation of fragrant vinegar, dill odorous (garden) in the flowering or fruiting phase is used. Dried dill is used in various mixtures of spices and for cooking dishes.
Contraindications. Dill odorous (vegetable garden) is contraindicated in large quantities under reduced pressure and pregnancy.
Dill is one of the most famous spices in the world. It is used for the preparation of salads, first courses, used for canning. Virtually every vegetable gardener in the garden grows a little dill, which is easily scattered when ripe and spring rise in the most unexpected places. Dill is easily bred, but, in spite of this, the plant has never been considered a weed, since its greenery, seeds or flower umbrellas will always find a worthy use.
Dill garden (the Latin name - Anethum graveolens) has a number of medicinal properties that determine its use, both in scientific medicine and in the preparation of medicinal collections by folk doctors. In scientific medicine, dill is used relatively recently, as a substitute for fennel (in Latin called Foeniculum vulgare or Anethum foeniculum). Both plants, dill and fennel, belong to the same family - Apiaceae (Celery), and in many cases it is possible to replace one type of medicinal raw material with another.
Mention of the medicinal properties of dill garden is found in Egyptian papyri, in ancient Greek manuscripts and herbalists of the Old World.
Preparation of medicinal raw materials
For medicinal purposes use leaves, flowers, grass with stems, seeds and in some cases - roots. The herb of dill is harvested in June-August, and the fruit is harvested after parting of the seeds in umbrellas. Dry the dill can be under the canopies (in attics). Seeds of umbrellas are threshed after their complete drying.
Chemical composition of medicinal raw materials
In all parts of dill, an essential oil of a complex composition is synthesized, which has a specific flavor and taste. Depending on the growing conditions (variety, time of preparation, etc.), the concentration of essential oil in the plant reaches 4-6.5%. Fresh herb of dill is rich in flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) and phytoncids. In the grass of dill, vitamins of group B, ascorbic, chlorogenic, folic and nicotinic acids are synthesized. Depending on the type of soil in the plants, mineral salts and microelements accumulate, species diversity and the quantitative content of which can vary within wide limits.
The healing properties of dill
Daily use of dill in food (salads, seasoning from dried leaf, etc.) stimulates the acid-forming function of the gastrointestinal tract, has a positive effect on the endocrine glands. A rich vitamin and mineral composition helps to cope with the effects of avitaminosis (for this purpose it is better to keep dill green in a frozen form, as during grinding with salt or drying a large number of biologically active compounds is destroyed).
Traditional healers recommend using salads from fresh dill to increase male potency, and for nursing mothers as a lactogenic agent. Prepare a salad simply: chop the young greens of dill, add salt to taste and season with sour cream. It's good to add dill of parsley to the dill.
In many publications devoted to folk medicine, dill is considered almost a panacea for many diseases, which, in general, is not quite true, although in some cases this plant can be of great help in treating various diseases. For example, dill is useful in anemia or anemia associated with a lack of iron, or provoked by large blood loss. Dill (greens, water extracts from dried grass) helps in the initial stage of hypertension (scientific medicine recommends decoctions for the treatment of hypertension of the I - II stage, angina pectoris). Dill intensifies diuresis, strengthens blood vessels and capillaries, and possesses choleretic properties. Often dill water is prescribed for flatulence, intestinal colic. When insomnia is recommended before bedtime use 1 tsp. powder from dry dill, which has a light hypnotic and soothing effect.
Use of dill for treatment
- As a diuretic (to enhance urination) apply infusion of chopped dill fruits (1 tsp to 250 ml boiling water); strain after infusion (after 1 hour). Infusion also contributes to increased appetite and improves digestive processes. Take for half an hour before a meal (2 tablespoons). Stronger infusion is used to wash the skin (pustules, rashes, etc.).
- Diuretic with pain in the kidneys and inflammation of the bladder. Pour 250 ml of boiling water 2 tbsp. leaves of dill; to sustain a quarter of an hour in a water bath, then insist 45 minutes. Take this infusion three times a day for 1/3 cup.
- Laxative. To prepare the medicine, you will need the roots of dill (to dig, when the seeds in umbrellas have not yet become browned). For 1 glass of water you will need 1 tablespoon. crushed roots. Cook after boiling for 1 - 2 minutes, and when the broth cools down, drink the entire dose immediately (before going to bed). The broth helps with prolonged constipation, when traditional products of plant origin are powerless.
- With bloating, accompanied by painful spasms. Pour 1 tbsp. Fruits of dill 250 ml of boiling water and insist 30 - 45 minutes. Take a medical infusion for half an hour before meals. For adults, it is recommended to take the indicated dose twice; Children are prescribed 1 to 2 tablespoons. appointment.
- With beriberi. The salad is prepared from young leaves (40 g), (10 g, you can use young greens), and dill (8 grams), leaves (4 g). Also, half the chicken egg (hard boiled), 8 ml of table vinegar and 15 ml of vegetable oil will be needed.
- To enhance lactation. To compose a medicinal collection will require leaves of deaf nettle, seeds and fruits of dill - all in equal proportion. For 2 cups of boiling water, take 1 tbsp. herbal mixture. Drink small portions throughout the day.
- Hypochromic anemia. For treatment it is recommended to take powder of dill seed (2-3 times a day for 1 tsp). Wash with boiled water.
- With frequent migraine attacks. Pour 1 liter of water 1 tbsp. dry fennel seeds, bring to a boil and cook for 4 - 5 minutes (on low heat). Capacity (enameled or heat-resistant glass) with decoction cover and insist for overnight. Obtained infusion strain and drink during the day. The course of treatment is 30 days, and if necessary, increase to 2 months.
- Insomnia. A bottle (0.5 l) of "Cahors" type wine will require 50 g of dill seeds. Cook with a weak boil for 15 minutes, then pour into a thermos and insist 1 - 2 hours. Filtered medicine take 50 ml before bed.
- With shortness of breath. For half a liter of boiling water - 3 tablespoons. chopped fresh dill grass. Strain after cooling. Drink in the course of the day.
- From a stomach ulcer or duodenal ulcer. Grind 500 g of dill fruit in a coffee grinder, mix with liquid honey in a ratio of 1: 1. Insist 5 days, mixing the mass daily. Take honey-dill medicine before bedtime for 1 des.l. Relief occurs after 3 - 5 days of taking the remedy.
- Acute cholecystitis. For half a liter of water - 3 tablespoons. fennel seeds; cook for 10 minutes. The dose is calculated for a 6-time reception. The disease usually lasts 5 days.
- Fibrous-cystic mastopathy. Pour half a cup of dill fruit half a liter of milk, boil for 5 minutes and infuse for 2 hours. Take three times a day for 3/4 cup. To cure, as a rule, 1 month is enough.
- Stones in the liver and gallbladder. Pour in a thermos 2 tbsp. fennel half a liter of boiling water. Infuse 4 hours. Take 1 glass in the morning and in the evening. The course of treatment - 2 - 3 weeks.
- From a sore throat. A half-liter of vodka requires 1 glass of fennel fruit. Infuse in a dark place for three days. Take 1 tsp. 4 times a day - rinse the glands (mouth). This compound also helps with the deposition of urate (salt of uric acid) - gout and osteochondrosis just belong to this category of diseases. Insist the seeds of dill is necessary for 2 weeks, after which the tincture is filtered and mixed with 1 glass of honey. Take half an hour before meals for 1 des.l.
- With inflammation of the prostate. Brew 1 tbsp. dry herb dill in 250 ml of boiling water. After half an hour, strain and divide into 4 equal parts. Take 3 times a day (the rest is transferred to the next day). To be treated until full recovery.
- Precipitation state. To save the patient using the collection Chassis:, fruits of dill and cumin (all ingredients are taken in equal parts). For 250 ml of boiling water - 2 tablespoons. Chassis collection; insist half an hour. Assign 100 ml 2 - 3 times a day. By the way, the collection of chassis is often used to treat persistent migraine headaches that occur as a result of impaired cerebral circulation against a background of high blood pressure. (respectively 1: 2: 3: 4: 5 parts). For 1 cup of boiling water, 1 tablespoon is needed. herbal collection. Take medicine after eating. Composition number 2: fruits of dill, root and leaves (in parts 3: 2: 1). Prepare the broth, as in the previous recipe, that is, 1 tbsp. mixture for 1 cup of boiling water. Take 1 tbsp. 4 times a day.
- For the treatment of traumatic skin lesions. Dill has excellent disinfecting and wound healing properties, removes itching from the bites of bloodsucking insects. For compresses, fresh green dill is used, which is ground to a gruel-like condition. Change the bandage is recommended after 12 hours, and the treatment is continued from 3 to 7 days, depending on the nature of the lesion (suppuration, inflammation, swelling, etc.).
A complex prescription for the treatment of hypertension
The composition of the herbal collection includes 20 types of medicinal herbs, but this recipe showed high effectiveness in fighting hypertension.
Grass
Therapeutic properties of dill in cosmetology
- Pink acne. Pour 20 grams of dill seeds in 1 cup of cold boiled water. In the morning, drain and use as a cold compress, applying to problematic areas. The duration of the procedure is 15 minutes. Dill compresses should be applied every other day. Usually there are 15 procedures.
- Juvenile acne. Fresh dill greens mix in a mixer with raw egg white egg white and use to mask on face. By the way, there are reports that such masks reduce the number of wrinkles and even destroy the demodex mite.
Side effects and contraindications
As a rule, dill is quite safe both for eating and for the purpose of treatment, however, there are exceptions to the rules.
Dill essential oil is capable of causing an allergic reaction, therefore, in order to avoid problems it is recommended to carry out a susceptibility test: apply juice (or gruel) to the inner part of the ulnar fold, and in a quarter of an hour decide on the advisability of treatment using dill.
Anethum graveolens L.
Taxon: family Umbelliferae
Other names: dill odorous.
English: Dill
Description:
Dill garden - an annual plant. Has an erect, rounded stem, reaching a height of 70-90 cm. The leaves are pinnately divided, with threadlike segments, the lower ones are petiolate, the upper ones are sessile. Blossoms in June-July, throwing umbrellas, consisting of small yellow flowers. Fetus is a two-seeded oval flat form. Dill has a strong spicy refreshing taste and smell.
Spread:
Dill conquered all of its taste and medicinal properties, so quickly spread in Europe, then got to Asia. Currently, the plant in the wild is found in Asia, Europe, America, North Africa, the states of Transcaucasia, Central Asia. Cultivated in many countries, in Russia - everywhere.
Collection and procurement of medicinal raw materials
The official medicinal raw materials are dill fruits. In folk medicine and dietology, grass is used. Fruits are mature, dried, broken into two parts of the carp, a elliptical, with a groove. Length of fruit 3-5 cm, thickness 2-3 mm. On the outer side of the fruit there are five ribs: extreme - stretched into broad wings, green-gray, with a characteristic aromatic odor, spicy taste.
Dill is removed when 60-70% of the seeds in the umbels reach a brown color. Cleaning is carried out in a separate way. The mown plants are knitted in bundles, suspended in a dry room for drying, after drying, they are picked up and threshed by a combine for the separation of fruits.
To obtain essential oil, dill is removed in the phase of the milk-waxy maturity of the seeds in the central umbrella of the inflorescence. Plants are mowed at a height of 18-20 cm from the soil surface and freshly treated by hydrodistillation.
On dill greens are removed in June-July (in the afternoon when there is no dew). Plants tear, shake the earth, knit in bundles. The green mass is dried in special rooms that are well ventilated. Store the grass in a sealed container. Flowering grass harvested in July and used in folk medicine.
Chemical composition of dill:
According to the pharmacognitic classification, fennel fruits refer to raw material containing furanchromones - visnagine and kellin.
Also, the fruits of dill are rich in essential and oily oils. The main components of essential oil are carvone (40-60%) and anethole (up to 50%). Fruits of dill contain other components: terpenoids dillapiol (19-40%), dihydrocarvone, carveol, dihydrocarveol, isoeugenol.
Fatty oil contains up to 93% glycerides of fatty acids, among which are linoleic, palmitic, oleic, petroselinic. In fruits, coumarins, phenolcarbonic acids (chlorogenic, coffee), flavonoids, waxes, resins, protein (14-15%), nitrogenous substances, fiber are found.
Grass of dill contains 0.56-1.5% essential oil with a lower content of carvone (up to 16%) compared with fruit oil. It consists of vitamins C, B1, B2, PP, P, provitamin A, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, folic acid, flavonoids (quercetin, isoramnetin, kaempferol).
Interest in medicinal plants in Western Europe reached its peak in 1965-1975. Kenney's articles published in the journal Medical Plants showed the results of studying the components of dill essential oil, namely anethofuran, carvone, limonene and the types of their activity.
Pharmacological properties:
Dill is used in the treatment of many diseases: diabetes, obesity, salt deposition. Has a calming effect in angina pectoris, neuroses, abdominal musculature spasms. His broths have a beneficial effect on the formation of milk in nursing mothers. Essential oil promotes the secretion of digestive juice and the escape of gases. Infusion of leaves and stems is taken with hypertension and as a diuretic inside, and as wound healing - with allergic skin itch. The ancients burned the seeds of dill and healed the wound with the ash obtained.
Application of dill in medicine
Dill is a valuable plant for complex action on the body. Ancient Egyptians considered him a remedy for.
The use of dill in food improves digestion, calms the nervous system, improves the activity of the lungs and the heart. From fennel fruits, an anemia spasmolytic preparation was prepared for the treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency, prevention of angina attacks and chronic spastic colitis. The treatment was carried out under the supervision of a physician: the drug is contraindicated in the presence of severe manifestations of circulatory insufficiency.
Dill is also recommended for use in diabetes, salt deposition. Herb infusion is used in hypertensive illnesses I and II degrees in combination with sodium bromide. Experiments on animals have shown that intravenous infusion of fennel herbs lowers blood pressure, strengthens heartbeats, helps relax the muscles of the intestine, and also increases urination.
Powder from dry grass or infusion of seeds removes spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, reduces fermentation and putrefactive processes in the intestine, is used for constipation, flatulence. The use of this seed causes increased lactation in nursing women.
Galenic preparations from dill fruits increase the secretion of the gastric glands, have an antispasmodic, expectorant, soothing, antibacterial effect. Infusion of seeds and essential oil is used externally as wound healing and with allergic skin itching. Infusion of seeds is able to inhibit the development of pathogenic microflora, causing. Lotion of dill herb infusion is used at. Fruits and dill grass are a part of various fees.
Due to the dillapiol, which is part of the seed oil, dill is included in the "Brief Encyclopedia of Legal Drugs". Dillapiol has the effect of stimulant-hallucinogen, and in small doses it is useful as a gastric remedy. Effective psychotropic doses are toxic to the liver and are harmful to the kidneys.
Summarizing the literature data on the application and chemical composition dill garden, we came to the conclusion that it is advisable to use not only fruit, but also grass as an LRS.
Medications:
Infusion.
2 tablespoons of mashed seeds of fennel garden brew 2 cups of boiling water and insist 40 minutes in a thermos, then filter. Drink half an hour before eating 3 - 5 times a day for half a glass.
Infusion with insufficient lactation.
A tablespoon of seeds to brew a quarter of a liter of hot milk, after cooling it must be filtered. Drink half a glass an hour before feeding the baby.
Infusion with bronchitis.
1 tablespoon seeds brew half a liter of boiling water, infuse for 2 hours, after filtering. Eat 1 tablespoon 4 times a day.
Infusion with atherosclerosis.
1 tablespoon chopped fennel seeds garden brew a quarter liter of boiling water, after cooling to filter. Use 4 times a day for 1 - 2 tablespoons.
Decoction for dyskinesia biliary tract.
2 tablespoons of fennel seeds, pour half a liter of hot water, boil on low heat for 15 minutes, cool, then filter. Drink 4 times a day for half a glass. The course of treatment is from 2 to 3 weeks.
Contraindications:
With frequent use and in large doses, dill, which must be taken into account by patients with low blood pressure. Amirdovlat noted that dill seeds are harmful to the bladder. According to Avicenna, prolonged use of it weakens sight. Modern physicians explain this by the possibility of a hypotonic state with vasodilation, which temporarily causes a deterioration in vision, which, when the dill preparations are abolished, passes without a trace. We must not forget that one of the contraindications to dill is the atony of the smooth muscles of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
Photos and illustrations:
Dill odorous - annual herbaceous plant with a strong spicy smell, dark green, bluish above, 40-120 cm high. The root is thin, fusiform. The stem is single, erect, thin-scabrous, with narrow whitish and green longitudinal striae, branching at the top and curved between branches. The leaves are ovate in outline, thrice, four times pinnate, dissected into filiform lobes; lower leaves on petioles, dilated into oblong, along the edge, filmy vagina; the upper ones are sessile. Inflorescence - umbrellas with 30-50 smooth rays, wrapper and wrapper absent. The flowers are small, the petals are yellow, with the inside curled top. Fruit is ovate or broadly elliptical, compressed from the back, consisting of 2 half-fruits, provided with 3 projecting keeled dorsal and winged lateral (in the form of a thin yellowish edge) with ribs.
Blooms in June - July. Fruiting in July - August.
It is cultivated and in places wilds about habitation, fields and roads, in kitchen gardens.
It grows almost along the entire middle and southern strip of the European part, in the Caucasus and in Central Asia.
In medicine, the entire above-ground part of the plant, collected during flowering, is used - Herba Anethi and fruits - Fructus Anethi. The fruits are ripe. Drying the grass is done in the shade.
All parts of the plant contain an essential oil, which includes terpenes: d-carvone (dextrorotatory isomer), felandrene, dillapiol, d-limonene; flavonol, kaempferol.
In the fresh grass, in addition, there are ascorbic acid, carotene.
Use of dill. Application of dill in medicine
Grass is used in the form of infusion in hypertensive disease of I and II degrees. A good effect is observed when it is used with sodium bromide. Of fruits, prepare the drug "Anetin" - a dry extract with spasmolytic effect.
Rp .: Sem. Anethi 50.0
D.S. 1 tablespoon of seeds brew 1 cup of boiling water, insist, drain. Take 1/2 cup 1-2 times a day
Rp .: Anethini 0,1 D. t. d. N 60
D.S. 1 tablet 3 times a day (it is used for chronic violation of coronary circulation, with intestinal spasms, it works gradually, the course of treatment is 4 weeks)
Application of dill in folk medicine
Fragrance of dill in many people is associated with the smell of summer and fresh salad. No wonder people are so fond of this fragrant herb - it contains essential oils, which give dill a specific smell and disinfectant properties. Dill contains calcium, potassium, iron and phosphorus salts, as well as rare nicotinic and folic acids.
Dill is a very ancient culture, and over time its popularity as a spice and medicinal plant only increases. But to save beneficial features of this plant, cut its young thin leaves before application. From this, your dishes will become beautiful, fragrant and appetizing.
100 grams of green dill contains about two daily norms of vitamin C, ie about 100 mg, while in the same amount of green onions it is about 30 mg, in lemons - 40 mg, and in other vegetables and fruits and even less. Thanks to these vitamins dill is indispensable for vision, blood vessels and heart, kidneys and liver. It has a beneficial effect on digestion, improves complexion, helps with hypertension and perfectly cures vitamin deficiency.
Young shoots of dill can be dried and salted for the winter, and the aroma of spices is perfectly preserved. Before drying, dill carefully and wash, let drain off and dry. Then cut into pieces 5-10 mm long, spread out on clean paper and dry again in the shade. Every half an hour, stir the green. Dry the fennel in a clean dry jar, close the lids and store in a dark dry place. In order not to reduce the nutritional value of dill, store it in the refrigerator at a temperature of plus 4 ° C. If there is no refrigerator, but in the courtyard heat, put it in a tightly closed dry pan. But the greens of dill in this case should not be wet.
In folk medicine, decoction of fruits is used in children's dyspepsia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, liver disease, high blood pressure; decoction of herbs and fruits - with inflammation of the bladder.
Dill from.
In a thermos pour 1 tbsp. dry seeds of dill, pour 1 tbsp. Leave it overnight. In the morning, strain the dill and drink. You can sweeten with honey. Drink on an empty stomach before breakfast once a day for 10 days. Take a 10-day break and drink the dill tea again for 10 days. All treatment. The result is excellent, if there are no organic lesions of the genitourinary system.
Dill from.
1st. l. milled dill with a glass of boiling water, insist. When there is no fresh dill, brew the seeds. 2h. l.zonochennyh seeds to infuse 2 hours in 2 cups of boiling water. You need to drink half a glass 3 times a day before meals and 1 glass at night.
Water from dill from.
Dill is prepared from dill: 1/2 tbsp. l. Dill powder boil in 1 glass of water and wash this broth 2-3 times a day. Even better are steam baths for the eyes from decoction broth or its powder.
Dill.
You will need fresh seeds, stems, rosettes of dill. Grind, a whole handful of brew with boiling water 0.5 liters. in the thermos. Insist 1 hour. Drink to 0.5 tbsp. 3 times a day for 15 minutes. before eating for 2 months. The noise will disappear. You can use dry raw materials 2 tsp. on 0,5 l. boiling water.
Dill in cosmetology
Dill - everyone's favorite and most popular spice. For cosmetic purposes, use the aerial part of dill (grass) and fruits (seeds). All parts of the plant contain essential oil, and in fennel fruits it contains almost three times more than in its grass. Fat oil, which is part of dill, is represented mainly by unsaturated fatty acids. Dill is rich in ascorbic acid (up to 135 mg per 100 g), carotene, flavonoids, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and iron salts. In addition, the fruits of dill accumulate selenium and silver.
With pustular skin diseases make lotions from the infusion of seeds and dill leaves. A teaspoon of chopped seeds, pour 300 ml of boiling water, insist for an hour.
With pink will help such dill masks: carefully wash and chop the fresh fennel, mix with egg white and apply on face. After 15-20 minutes, wash off the mask with warm water. The course of treatment - up to 15 masks, which are desirable to do 2 times a week.
With sunburn and itchy skin make a compress from the decoction of green dill. 2 tbsp. Spoons of finely chopped dill greenery fill with two glasses of hot water, boil for 5 minutes. In strained decoction of room temperature, moisten the four-layered gauze or a soft linen towel. Cover them with a burnt face, top with a plastic wrap and a terry towel. After 20 minutes, compress and rinse your face with cool water. Improve blood circulation and metabolic processes in the skin, relieve irritation and smooth dry and sensitive skin alternating cold and warm compresses from water infusion of fennel fruits (1:10).
If you have, then mix a tablespoon of diced green dill with a teaspoon of olive oil, add "Hercules" flakes of fine grind (or crushed in a coffee grinder) to get a gruel, which is applied to the face with a thick layer for 20 minutes. Rinse the mask with warm water.
If you have, then this mask will improve its condition and appearance. A tablespoon of herb dill fill 0.5 cups of water, boil for 5 minutes, then remove from heat, strain. To the tablespoon of the broth, add the egg white and whisk thoroughly. Apply the mixture layer by layer (3-4 layers). When the last layer dries, rinse the mask with warm water.
With swelling and redness of the eyelids rinse your eyes with infusion of fennel fruit (a teaspoon of dill fruit for half a cup of water) or make lotions with this infusion.
In place of apply a gruel from the leaves of dill.
Dill vegetable - Anethum graveolens L.
Celery family - Apiaceae
Other names:
- fennel dill
Botanical characteristics.Annual herbaceous plant with a height of 40-150 cm. The main root is thin, branched. Stalk erect or weakly bending, branching, roundish, alternating with longitudinal light green (or almost white) and green strips, often with a thin whitish layer of wax plaque. Leaves are regular, thrice-four times perforated, 5-30 cm long, 4-25 cm wide. Lower leaves with long petioles (4-12 cm), median or upper leaves are short-petioled or sessile. Inflorescence - a complex multipath umbrella with a diameter of 7-30 cm; wrappers and wrappers. Flowers are small, bisexual, five-membered; The petals are yellow, with a narrow, inwardly wrapped apex. The fruit is a fruit-tree, which decomposes when it ripens into two half-fruits (merikarpia); semifinished (seeds) elliptical or broadly elliptical, 3-7 mm long, 1.5-4 mm wide, grayish brown. For the aerial part of the plant is characterized by a fragrant "dill" smell of essential oil, a sweetish-spicy taste. Blossoms dill in June-August, fructifies in August-September.
Numerous varieties of dill of foreign and domestic selection are known. In our country, 5 varieties of dill are regionalized: Gribovsky, Uzbek-243, Armenian-269, Oud supercut OE, Kaskelensky.
Spread.Dill in the wild grows in Asia Minor, Iran, North Africa, India. Cultivated in all European countries. We are widely distributed in culture in most areas. As a wild plant occurs almost throughout the Caucasus, in places in the European part, in Siberia and Central Asia.
Habitat.Dill garden is often found around the shelter, in the kitchen gardens, on the outskirts of fields and in crops, along roadsides and in wastelands as a wild and weed plant. It grows on open habitats: in steppes, meadows, fields, forest edges, from low plains and sea coasts to the middle belt of mountains. It prefers fertile, well-fertilized soils, but can sometimes be found on a relatively poor substrate (on sand, along railroad tracks, etc.).
As a weed dill weeds are found in the form of small thickets and solitary plants. Therefore wild-growing populations of dill are not a raw material base. As a medicinal plant, it is cultivated in specialized state farms.
Procurement.Cleaning of fennel fruits (as a medicinal raw material) begins with yellowing of the lower leaves and baking of the fruits of the central umbrella; at a sufficiently high level of agricultural technology, their yield can reach 8-18 centner / ha.
Standardization.Requirements for the quality of raw materials are determined by Article GF XI and Amend. № 1.
External signs.Separate half-fruits (merikarpii), rarely whole fruit length of 3-7 mm, width 1.5-4 mm. Merikarpii broadly elliptic, slightly convex on the outside, flat - on the inside. Each merikarp has 5 ribs: on the outer side - three threadlike, on the sides - two flat pterygoids. The color of the fruit is greenish-brown or brown, the ribs are yellow-brown. The smell is strong, peculiar. The taste is sweetish-spicy, somewhat burning.
Microscopy.On the transverse section of the mericardium, five protruding ribs are visible, in which the conducting beams are arranged with groups of mechanical fibers. In the hollows there are septate essential oilseed tubules with brown excretory cells: 4 - on the convex side, 2 - on the flat side. Endosperm cells are filled with aleurone grains, drops of fatty oil and small druses of calcium oxalate.
Numeric indicators.Essential oil content is not less than 2%; humidity not more than 12%; ash total not more than 10%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, not more than 1%; other parts of the plant not more than 1%; The organic impurity is not more than 2%, the mineral impurity is no more than 1%.
Microbiological purity.In accordance with GF XI, vol. 2, p. 187 and the Amendment to GF XI, from 28.12.95, category 5.2.
Chemical composition.Fruits of dill garden are rich in essential (from 2 to 4%) and fatty oils (from 10 to 20%). The main component of essential oil is carvone (40-60%), there are also dillapiol (19-40%), phellandrene, dihydrocarvone, carveol, dihydrocarveol, isoeugenol, etc. The maximum amount of carvone is noted on the 7-9th day after flowering, in green well-developed fruit, or in the phase of wax ripeness and seed ripening of the central umbrella. Fatty oil contains up to 93% of glycerides of fatty acids, among which petroselin, palmitic, oleic, linoleic. Coumarins, phenolic carboxylic acids, flavonoids, resins, wax, protein (14-15%) were also found in the fruits.
Grass of dill contains 0.56-1.5% essential oil with a lower content of carvone (up to 16%) compared with the essential oil of fruit; it is rich in vitamins C, B1, B2, PP, P, provitamin A, salts of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, contains folic acid, flavonoids (quercetin, isoramnetin, kaempferol).
Storage.According to the rules of essential raw materials. Shelf life of raw materials is 3 years.
Pharmacological properties.Galenic preparations from fennel fruits increase the secretion of the digestive glands, have spasmolytic, expectorant, choleretic, diuretic, calming effects, regulate motor activity of the intestine, have some antibacterial effect; noted the ability to cause increased lactation in nursing women, as well as a distinct coronary dilatory and peripheral vasodilating effect.
Medicines.Of the fruits produced drug "Anetin" (in tablets). Infusion, fees.
Application.In traditional medicine, the ancient Greeks used dill as a soothing, carminative, diuretic, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, lactogonic and sokogonnoe agent.
In one Egyptian papyrus it is said that dill is used as a remedy for headache and for "softening" blood vessels.
Ancient doctors believed that dill is useful in asthma, stomach weakness, liver and spleen, stones in the kidney and bladder, pain in the chest and back.
In "Geoponik" it is noted that wine, infused with dill, stimulates appetite, strengthens the stomach, is a diuretic.
Modern medicine uses dill fresh (salads, dill water) and in the form of preparations (infusions, dues). Dill water is prepared from dill oil at the rate of 1 part of dill oil per 1000 parts of water.
Of the fruits produced by the drug "Anetin" (Anethinum), it has spasmolytic effect, can be used to prevent asthma and treat chronic coronary insufficiency. Water herbs are recommended for hypertension and as a diuretic.
Fruits of dill are used in the form of infusion in flatulence, as an expectorant, spasmolytic, anesthetic, mild diuretic, as well as in cosmetics for pustular diseases of the face. Dill leaves are recommended for use in hypochromic anemia, due to the high content of ascorbic acid, carotene and iron.
Infusion of fennel fruit garden. 1 tablespoon of fruit is poured a glass of boiling water, insist for 10-15 minutes and filter. Take inside 1 tablespoon 3-6 times a day for 15 minutes before meals.
When atherosclerosis, hypertension, sclerosis of the brain vessels accompanied by headaches, they drink hot freshly prepared dill fruit. It is taken at night with anxious sleep, increased excitability.
There is evidence of a decrease in intraocular pressure after taking infusion of fennel seeds (fruits). Their effectiveness is also noted in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia and malaria.
Side effects usually do not cause. When treating with dill after 5-6 days it is recommended to take a break for 2-3 days.