How to make a proper waterproofing of the cellar from the inside. Plaster: ways of doing it. Laying of roll waterproofing on the glue.

Owners country houses   try to make maximum use of the area allocated for construction. This is explained by the high cost of land in the suburban area, and the desire to reduce the cost of the project, since it is more profitable to build a house in several tiers than to scatter several single-storey buildings that have the same total useful area. For this reason, in most cases, a basement is made, outside walls   which is the buried foundation of the house, made of reinforced concrete monolith or blocks.

To ensure that in the basement was on the whole a comfortable room with an acceptable microclimate, it should be protected from ground moisture, which is waterproofing the foundation with their own hands. You can hire someone for these purposes, but if there is an opportunity to save a little at this stage of construction, why not. From the article you will learn what is the essence of protecting the base of the house from moisture, and how to make waterproofing of the foundation qualitatively, inexpensively, with your own hands. To fix the information received, you will be offered to watch videos on this topic.

Why do I need a waterproofing foundation?

What is needed to protect the foundation wall from moisture. Those who are building on wetlands will not understand the question. However, in many localities the groundwater   deep enough, besides, atmospheric precipitation during the year can not be called abundant. Is it worth it in this case to make the arrangement of hydroprotection.

Worth, and that's why. First, no one predicts how the channel of surface ground currents can change in the near future. There is no guarantee that in a year or two the water from below will not fit on an absolutely dry area. What awaits the owner of the building in this version? It is necessary to forget about the basement, or to engage in waterproofing in the already functioning building. And it is very laborious and expensive, besides about how to do it yourself, it does not go.

Secondly, the climate is very variable now. Where there was rain twenty years ago, now they can not wait, and vice versa. Expect that it will always be dry, not worth it. So, to protect the underground walls is much more profitable and more convenient during the construction phase, then not to return to this problem.

What does the waterproofing work?

High-quality protection against moisture underground construction   It involves a set of technological operations aimed at the hydrodisation of all surfaces in contact with the ground. And it is necessary to provide waterproofing from water, suitable from below, and also from atmospheric moisture. The full complex of waterproofing measures consists of such technological stages:

• horizontal moisture proofing;

• vertical protection against excessive ground moisture;

• arrangement of drainage system;

• installation of a high-quality blind area along the perimeter of the building.

The creation of a reliable horizontal hydrobaryar will protect the basement from the water coming from below. Sometimes underground waters exert considerable pressure on the floor of the basement, therefore it is necessary to protect the floor of the basement and the base sole carefully.

Vertical waterproofing is applied to the external foundation surface and is designed, mainly, to be a barrier to excessive ground moisture, which accumulates due to atmospheric precipitation. When the groundwater rises above the base of the base of the structure, a vertical hydro-barrier created by standard technology will be ineffective in this situation. Drainage is necessary for drainage.

If construction is carried out in a region characterized by heavy precipitation, 50% of the success of vertical moisture protection depends on the pouring of a reliable blind area, which would take sedimentary water away from the external foundation surface. So this stage of construction should be given due attention, if there is a desire to keep the cellar walls dry. Now we will consider the most common and effective technological methods that can be applied to carry out work on each of the listed hydro-protective measures.

Horizontal protection against moisture

Create a horizontal waterproof cushion, which is the basement of the basement floor, before the foundation (or foundation) of the foundation, or after. It is better to do this before, since there will be no need to make a waterproofing of the base of the foundation wall. For the work you need the following.

Materials and tools

As a hydrobarrier, a thick solid polyethylene film can be used here, or a roll waterproofing material, hydroglass, for example. Bitumen or mastic based on it is applied as an auxiliary. In addition, you will need:

• concrete, or ingredients for its preparation (small gravel, sand, portland cement);

• coarse gravel;

• river sand or small screenings (on podsypku);

• reinforcement (6-8 mm) or strong reinforcing mesh for screed.

The tool should be prepared as follows:

• mechanical or manual tamping;

• concrete mixer;

• gas burner (if hydroglass);

• welding machine or crochet wire (if fittings).

Sequence of work

As a result of the work carried out, a horizontal reinforced slab base should be obtained, with an internal moisture barrier layer protruding about half a meter beyond the outer perimeter of the basement. That is, the installation of the base of the building will take place on the finished, protected from a suitable bottom of the water plate foundation.

1. The bottom of the pit is maximally leveled and tamped;

1. Subgenus is produced, first with gravel (about 10 cm), then with sand (about 5 cm), after which a rough layer of concrete is poured (up to 10 cm). For greater reliability, it is possible to square the base plate;

Important! Before pouring concrete, it is necessary to saturate the padding with plenty of water. If this is not done, the moisture from the cement slurry will quickly go down, making the strength of concrete minimal. Moreover, it is very problematic to even out the solution that has lost moisture.

1. After the first layer of concrete is seized, it is possible to lay the film, if it is provided as a hydro-barrier. In the event that it is planned to apply bitumen mastic to glue the roll material, it is necessary to wait for the drying of the concrete;

1. The polyethylene liner is laid in one or two layers, after which a reinforcing frame is assembled and a screed is poured over the whole area of ​​the plate foundation (preferably by lighthouses);

1. Mounting of roll waterproofing is done as follows: Apply dried bitumen or mastic on a dried base. Application is made by a rigid brush. After grasping the material, the hydro-glass isisol is rolled up (you can ruberoid). During laying, the material is heated with a gas burner or blowtorch and is glued to the base. Dense lap fit, the joints warm up and immediately pressed against the sliding motion. For this, a poker-shaped device is used.

Important! Installation of a horizontal waterproof base can also be done after the erection of the foundation structure. Simply described method does the whole complex of works, which includes a waterproofing of the foundation with their own hands, which is less expensive both in terms of material costs and in terms of labor intensity of the process.

Vertical Moisture Protection

This type of work involves the application of a hydrobarrier layer on the outside of the foundation wall, which would protect concrete structure   from excessive ground moisture. The simplest in terms of self-installation, while quite an effective method, is the application of roll waterproofing materials. There are several other types of tools used for such purposes, but some of them are ineffective (hydrophobic plaster, for example), or very expensive and knowledgeable technologies (how to apply), as well as special equipment for this.

To clearly understand the rules of waterproofing the foundation, it is recommended to watch the video below, where you can not only see how to apply the hydrobarrier layer, but also hear useful recommendations and a description of the nuances of the work from the expert builder. Also on the video the expert explains the purpose of the drainage system. We further understand how drainage for tapping groundwater   build yourself.

How to make a drainage system?

The installation of drainage communications is usually handled by specialized teams, although, with the necessary information and a great desire, such work during the construction phase can be done independently. Of course, for the construction of a drainage well, someone will have to hire someone, but to lay the system itself is not so difficult.

Tools and Materials

Instrumentation will require a simple, excavation works   (shovels, scrap, perhaps, somewhere useful punch). To determine the slope, you can use the water level. Materials will need the following:

• large gravel or gravel;

• special perforated drainage pipe;

• connecting elements for the pipe.

Order of work

The system of underground water disposal is arranged after the creation of a plate foundation and the construction of a foundation wall. First, you need to determine the natural slope and in the lowest place plan a place for installing a sump well. After work they are executed in the following order:

1. On the perimeter of the base to dig a trench about 25-30 cm (in bayonet). The width of the depression is arbitrary, within the range of 50-80 cm.

1. The trench is filled with gravel to a level that is 10 cm below the slab base (or base of the basement, if horizontal waterproofing was done after the house was built).

1. In the center of the trench, a drainage pipe is laid along the gravel pile. It must be ensured that the slope from the highest point to the drainage well is kept constant along its course.

1. After laying the pipe, another layer of coarse gravel is poured, which will protect the drainage pipeline from the pressure of the soil layers, which will be filled up later.

Now, in the case of the approach of groundwater, they will be discharged into the constructed water intake, not reaching the level of the base of the base. From the drainage well, water can be pumped out at any time.

Upper basement hydroprotection (blind area)

Screed around the building protects the underlying foundation from excessive moisture during heavy rains or when snow melts. Ideal, when under the blind to the depth of the base of the building is created clay castle. However, clay has the property of very long to become denser, which can last for 2-3 years. Therefore, now to equip a belt of clay, very few people want.

Important! Before pouring the blind, you need to make sure that the ground, covered up around the base of the building, is completely condensed. If this does not happen, the coupler along the perimeter of the house will crack and eventually completely collapse.

How is the blind area done?

To create a waterproof belt, you will need the same tools as for arranging the screed (trowel, rule, plaster), as well as everything necessary for excavation. Materials will need these:

• concrete;

• crushed stone;

• sand;

• reinforcing mesh;

• boards for the construction of formwork.

The order of work is as follows.

1. A trench is formed along the perimeter of the structure to a depth of 20 cm and a width of up to 1 m. The ground is carefully tamped;

1. The deepening is poured with gravel so that there is about 8 cm to the ground level. A leveling layer of sand is formed from above, slightly not reaching up to the upper edge of the trench;

1. A vertical formwork is installed along the outer perimeter of the trench;

1. The reinforcing elements are laid, the padding is saturated with water;

1. The concrete is poured into the gap between the socle of the structure and the formwork and is leveled. To the surface was smooth, after partial grasping it must be re-wiped with a plaster grater.

Important! When adjusting the blind area, it is necessary to control that there is no inclination towards the building. If you plan to install paving slabs, you need to achieve a horizontal surface. If concrete surface, - the final version, it makes sense to make a deviation from home.

Obviously, the question of how to properly make a waterproofing foundation, there is no definitive, exhaustive answer, since reliable hydroprotection of the base of the building includes a whole range of activities, each of which plays a role. Hope that the walls in the basement will always be dry, it is possible only when performing all the waterproofing works provided by the technology.

Waterproofing walls and basement floors with their own hands

When building a house with a basement, you need to take care of the protection of structures from the effects of underground groundwater. This will require you to conduct   the device of waterproofing of walls of a cellar outside and inside   and the foundation of the entire structure.

Why you need to waterproof the basement

Due to the fact that the basement is constantly high humidity - this leads to the formation of fungus on the walls, and this in turn adversely affects both the construction of the structure and the health of the person. To the basement was always dry it is necessary to properly arrange waterproofing from the outside of the walls.

The organization of a drainage system laid underground, as well as a blind area around the entire house, can completely protect the construction of the basement from groundwater. A qualitatively made waterproofing of the walls inside the basement should protect it from penetration of filtration groundwater
  If you notice that the basement is damp, then you need to take a series of consistent actions to improve the conditions, namely:

1. Examining all the walls, floor and ceiling of the basement for cracks and open joints that let water in.
2. To inspect the blind area around the structure, if there are damages, it must be sealed.
3. Discovered cracks and open seams, which let water into the basement, it is necessary to seal the waterproofing mixture.
4. Ventilation in the basement should work properly.

How to make an internal waterproofing of the floor in the basement with your own hands

It is necessary that the blind area along the entire perimeter of the house is complete, without any damage. Under the pavement there must be a layer of clay, which prevents the penetration of water. If this is not the case, or the integrity of the stage is broken, then it is necessary to perform the work again.

To lay a new blind area around the house you need to dismantle the old one. Then dig a trench 1 meter wide, 30 cm deep and lay a layer of clay 10 cm high on the bottom, and tamp it well. On top of the clay, we lay a layer of sand, 5 cm high and a similarly high layer of rubble. At the end we lay the reinforcing mesh and fill it all with concrete M200, the thickness of the layer is about 10 cm.

When the blind area is restored, you can do a survey of walls and floors in the basement. An unfavorable option, which can occur - water from under the ground is pierced by fountains in the basement. No waterproofing in this case can not help, you need to raise the floor level. When the floor in the basement is just wet, the first thing you need to do is remove the water and dry the floor.

To seal all the cracks in the floor, you can use a polymer polymer waterproofing, it penetrates well into all cracks and pores in concrete, fills them and prevents water penetration. It consists of cement, sand and special connecting additives. About 24 hours later, you can lay the reinforcing mesh on the floor and fill it with a cement-sand mixture or concrete, the necessary layer - 5 cm. Walking on the floor can be done in a week, and this means that it became possible to do waterproofing of the walls.

How to make internal waterproofing of walls in the basement with your own hands

When water flows on the walls of the basement, it is impossible to make a waterproofing, you have to wait until it stops flowing, most often this is due to natural phenomena - melting snow or precipitation.
  First you need to establish where the water comes from and make marks on the walls. When the water stops seeping, the cellar should be dried with a heat gun. To ensure that during drying the evaporating water leaves the basement without any problems, the ventilation must be in good order.

Now we begin to seal the seams in the walls, and for this, they need to remove the old solution and treat all the walls with an antiseptic. When they dry out, use Penetron - a deep penetration waterproofing for the basement based on cement-sand mixture   with polymers. It fills all the seams and cracks.

Then with the same mixture, only a more liquid consistency, we process all the walls of the basement entirely. For three days, it is necessary to wet the walls with plenty of water - this contributes to the fact that the layer of sealant applied to them becomes more durable. After 2 weeks it is possible to apply finish   on the walls of the cellar. The floor will be ready in about three weeks and it will be possible to put it flooring, what you want.

Penetrating waterproofing of the cellar from the groundwater table   Is a good way to protect your house from dampness. Do all the work yourself, if you watch the video and read step-by-step instructions. With your own hands   you can extend the life of any structure in the country.

The need for waterproofing basements. Types of insulating materials, their characteristics and advantages. Techniques for performing work on each of the waterproofing.

Why do I need a waterproofing basement

Protect the room from penetration of moisture - this is a task that must be addressed when laying the foundation. During the construction of the facility, a number of measures are carried out, creating obstacles for water to enter the walls and the basement floor. The best waterproofing is achieved only at the time of construction. Measures taken in the already constructed room may not give the calculated result. The following types of waterproofing basement are used: anti-pressure, non-pressure, anti-capillary.

Anti-pressure waterproofing is carried out in those cases when water rises behind the floor mark, and often reaches the walls of the basement. Then the work is done outside the building. Waterproofing inside the basement is not effective, because the water there helps to tear the material away from the wall. In addition to these measures to prevent moisture from entering the basement, it is necessary to make a drainage system around it and divert the existing water into the storm system.

Non-pressure waterproofing is done when the groundwater table is not high and the possibility of flooding is zero. Protect the surface only from insignificant penetration into the soil of atmospheric precipitation. Here it is more expedient to cover the whole basement with bituminous mastic.

Anti-capillary waterproofing is carried out in order to protect the basement walls from the penetration of water through the capillaries. Previously, bituminous mastics were used for this purpose or covered with sheets of roofing material. Now use the means of penetrating waterproofing.

Selection of materials for the waterproofing of the basement

Waterproofing, which is offered to the consumer, is usually classified into the following groups:

• Lubricating. These agents include mixtures based on bitumen, they are used in cold form and with the help of heating. The same group includes cement compositions, polymer-based mixtures, thick-walled bituminous coatings. The basis of the solution is a bitumen resin with the addition of synthetic rubber. There are no solvents in it. It is used on various types of surfaces: brick, concrete, stone, plastered. Cement waterproofing is the composition of polymers with the addition of cement. This insulator is vapor permeable and has high adhesion, so it is often used for work on internal waterproofing. Given that its composition includes polymers, it is flexible in use, its use does not require special knowledge, and its advantage is affordable price. The main shortcoming of the cement coating of the cellar is the fragility of the material.
• Liquid rubber. It consists of bitumen and various polymers. Its key property is the ability to firmly connect the insulator with the molecules of the treated surface. Liquid rubber is a material that has many positive properties, such as durability, inability to be exposed to microorganisms, temperature changes, ultraviolet rays. It is resistant to water pressure, has good adhesion, it is inherent in fire safety, low price and high maintainability.
• Liquid glass. Has the same properties as rubber: freezing, it protects the treated surface from moisture. The main constituents of the material are sodium silicate with the addition of sand and soda. It is available as a liquid or in a dry form, diluted with water and used for waterproofing the basement. It has high adhesive qualities, corrosion resistance, no need for special equipment. The insulator's disadvantages include the inability to use on all types of surfaces.
• Rolling. Industry offers a large selection of roll insulators, which include bitumen and polymers. The main materials of this group are roofing felt and roofing felt, there are also glass refractories, briol, hydroisol, foilizol. The basis for the roll insulators is mastic, which is put in preheated form or applied in a cold way, or the material is fixed by melting. Among the positive qualities of roll insulation we will allocate relatively inexpensive cost of work and the ability to do the gluing yourself. Negative moments that arise when the basement is waterproofed include loss of quality at low temperatures, the ability to be exposed to microorganisms and mechanical damage.
• Penetrating. The meaning lies in the reciprocal reaction of the material and the surface being treated. The waterproofing agent applied to the surface is absorbed through the capillaries to a depth of 0.4 mm and crystallizes. This process is possible only because of the action of penetrants-the special components that make up the insulator. Therefore, the materials for penetrating waterproofing are called Penetron. In the composition of the substance to impart penetrating properties, silica or alumina is added. The use of Penetron as an insulator is associated with its penetration into the pores of concrete, while waterproof crystals are formed. Mixtures used as penetrating insulation have the following positive qualities: the ability to penetrate to a depth of more than 0.5 mm, which allows to improve the waterproofing of concrete, close any microcracks, are characterized by a long period of operation. The treated surfaces of the rack are resistant to low temperatures, and the material is easy to apply.
• Injection. This waterproofing has excellent penetrating properties. The flowing gel is injected into the holes prepared in advance for these purposes. The agent can be used even in a humid room, and the surfaces are not subject to special preparation. Injections allow you to penetrate any hard-to-reach places plus small material investments.

Note! Work with injection isolators requires certain practical skills and training, unlike other materials.

Technology of waterproofing the basement

The sequence of works differs depending on which material for the waterproofing of the basement is chosen.

Application of coating waterproofing

To lubricating waterproofing materials include cement coating, rubber mastic, liquid rubber and liquid glass. Consider the technology of applying each insulator.

Cement coating

Before starting the application of cement cement waterproofing it is necessary to prepare the following tools: a working bucket, a brush, a roller or a spatula (all depends on the consistency of the solution). Materials that will be needed for work: flexible cement coating, water.

The instruction for carrying out the work will be as follows:

1. All treated surfaces are cleaned from old cement, all kinds of irregularities.
2. Regardless of the material (mastic or cement coating), the area is abundantly wetted with water. On the wet surface, the insulator falls better and deeper into the pores.
3. When applying cement coating, the mixture is diluted with dry water. The solution should be well-hydrated, otherwise it will not lie well on the surface.
4. Apply the mixture with a brush, roller or spatula, it depends on the consistency.
5. After drying the surface, it is subjected to final treatment.

Rubber mastic

The use of mastic implies its use outside the building in order to protect against water ingress. Before applying it, you need to prepare the following tools: brush or roller (depends on the consistency of the mastic), spatula, working bucket.

The algorithm of work with rubber mastic is as follows:

• The surface to be treated must be cleaned of old cement, dirt and debris.
• The surface is well wetted with water, this allows the material to penetrate the structure of the concrete better.
• The mastic is mixed and applied to the walls.
• When the surface dries, it can be plastered.

When the mastic dries, an elastic film forms on the walls. Such material does not allow to pass water, does not react to temperature changes, closes potholes and flaws on the treated surface.
Liquid rubber

To work with it you will need the following tools: a roller or a special installation. Materials used for applying liquid rubber: antiseptic primer, insulator, special fabric.

The technology boils down to the following works:

1. The walls of the basement are cleaned of dust, dirt and available fungi. In case of unevenness on the surface, they should be puttied, as excess material will be used.
2. On the wall of the basement is applied a primer that performs an antiseptic function and promotes better bonding of the material and the substrate. It is thrown on all corners and crevices, then they are closed with a special cloth, this makes it possible to seal the seams better. After that, the entire wall is primed already, as a result, the seams and corners are covered with a primer twice. The solution dries for 3-4 hours, depending on the ambient temperature and the presence of ventilation in the basement.
3. Liquid rubber is applied to walls using a roller or a special machine that distributes the insulator evenly over the surface of the walls.
4. After solidification on the base, a film is formed, which protects it from moisture. Now you can do the finishing work.

Liquid glass

To work with it, we need the following tools: a brush or roller, a working bucket, a spatula. Materials to be used: water glass, water, plaster.

Application technology water glass   inside the basement is as follows:

• We clean the surface of dirt. Large roughness can be cleaned using chisels or chisels. After that, large debris and dust are swept off the ground.
• Before using the insulator, first wash it and then degrease the walls.
• We apply liquid glass first to all angles, slits, then cover the entire area being treated.

The solution of the liquid glass hardens very quickly, it is recommended to prepare it in small portions. An even greater effect can be achieved if a powder of glass is added to the plaster.

Mounting of roll waterproofing

Tools that are required for stacking such materials: brush, roller, work bucket, sharp scissors. Necessary materials: roll insulator, for example, roofing material, primer, bitumen mastic.

The technology of using roll insulators looks like this:

1. The walls are cleaned of all that is superfluous: dirt, debris, adhering of concrete. It is advisable to wash the surface and allow it to dry thoroughly.
2. Then the walls are covered with an even layer of ground solution, which dries for several hours. It is evenly spread over the whole area with a roller.
3. When the surface dries, it is applied bitumen mastic. In the process of drying, it forms a stable uniform coating.
4. The final stage: the roofing material is cut into strips, laid on top of the mastic with an overlap of 15 cm. This is done to isolate all joints of the wall.

Application of penetrating waterproofing

Tools used in work: a wide roller or brush, a bucket, a metal brush. Materials for work: dry insulating mixture Penetron, water.

The technology of application is reduced to the following algorithm of actions:

• The surface to be treated is prepared, cleaned with a metal brush.
• Then it is abundantly wetted with water, this is necessary in order for the pores of the concrete to open well, and the insulation mixture gets as far as possible.
• Next, a solution is prepared: the dry insulating mixture is combined with water.
• First, all angles, joints are processed, then the rest of the surface is covered. The walls are treated with a solution several times. And between application of the first and each subsequent layer should pass at least 2 hours.
• The treated surface must be watered for several days, this is done to uniformly solidify the material.

Injection of waterproofing

Tools used in work: injection pump, packers, puncher. Materials for work: a mixture for waterproofing.

The algorithm for performing the injection isolation will be as follows:

1. Prepare holes with a perforator equipped with a heavy-duty drill. Holes need to be done a lot - they are drilled at a distance of 1-2 cm one from the other.
2. Special device "Packer" is inserted into the hole, the prepared mixture is pumped through it under pressure by means of a pressure pump.
3. The insulating mixture should dry for 10-12 hours. It is desirable to have the opportunity to ventilate the room. After drying, the room can be operated as usual.

How to make a waterproofing basement - look at the video:

It is not difficult to make a waterproofing of the cellar from the inside, if you stock yourself with the necessary tools, materials and carefully follow our instructions. Thanks to them for a few days it will be possible to dry the room and protect its surfaces from the appearance of microorganisms.

August 29, 2016

Waterproofing of the floor is necessary not only in a private house. There are times when you can not do without it in the apartments. If the apartment is on the first floor above the basement, moisture and mold from the underground room can climb up the walls.

In this case, the floor will be constantly moist and cold, and eventually may even start to crack and break. To avoid these troubles and the constant smell of mold in your apartment, for the first floors the arrangement of floor waterproofing is mandatory. But there are cases, especially in old houses, when even on the upper floors the floor and walls are damp, which penetrates through cracks from the street. In this case, too, you need to take care of reliable waterproofing to avoid the appearance of mold in the apartment, which is very dangerous to health.

As for private houses, waterproofing of the floor is mandatory, even if it happened by all the rules and with the observance of all technologies.

Types of floor waterproofing

Materials to create a reliable waterproofing are selected taking into account what kind of room it is, how it will be used. In any case, these activities are aimed at creating a dense and reliable waterproof layer on the floor, which also has water-repellent properties. Due to this, the floor will be reliably protected from decay and damage.

Waterproofing in the field of application can be:

• external
• internal

Depending on the main water-repellent substance, it is divided into:

• bituminous
• polymeric
• bitumen-polymer
• based on mineral components

Waterproofing of the floor in the house can be done with the help of such materials:

• film
• rolled
• membrane
• penetrating
• pasting
• coloring
• powdered
• plastering
• lubricating

Materials for waterproofing film

The most popular and familiar are the ruberoid, the roofing felt and the fibergroup. In the last century, almost all waterproofing works   were carried out with the help of these building materials. Continue to use them in modern times, applying for reliable protection from moisture not only the sexes, but the roof, the foundations. These materials are dense cardboard or fiberglass, which are impregnated during their manufacture with bitumen and basalt chips. As a result, a roofing felt known to all, or only.

Self-contained waterproofing   with the help of such materials is quite possible, because for their packing, no special equipment is needed. It is very important to ensure that there is not a long distance between the joints of the roofing material. Ideally, they need to be soldered with a burner.

There are modern film materials that are used for waterproofing. These are multi-layer polymeric membranes that, in particular, have excellent thermal insulation properties. If a concrete floor is waterproofed, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride film is most often used, all of them are produced in rolls. They are laid before starting work on the creation of cement-sand or dry screed.

Mastic for waterproofing

If you are looking for a way how to make waterproofing inexpensively and quickly, this building material will suit you. Mastic is a plastic adhesive composition based on liquid rubber, bitumen, resins, plasticizers and polymers. It is often used in residential areas to create a dense waterproof layer on the floor. It is also suitable for processing joints in bathrooms, kitchens, swimming pools, saunas.

When choosing a mastic, note that they are hot and cold type. This material is good because in addition to forming an elastic and dense waterproof film, it fills all cracks and pores in the material from which the floor is made.

Waterproofing materials, liquid, water-repellent

These include all kinds of paints, primers, varnishes, impregnations, injection formulations for topical application, which after hardening create a dense water-repellent film. If you need a "breathable" waterproofing floor screed, there are modern impregnations that penetrate deep into the pores of the material. After drying, they form breathable crystals, which completely do not allow water to pass through.

If you need a waterproofing wooden floor, you need to select liquid materials that are specifically for wood. As a rule, they protect not only from humidity, but also from the development of fungal microorganisms, as well as bark beetles.

Materials for waterproofing powder

These are all kinds of dry mixes, which are based on cement, glue, plasticizers and binders. With their help can be done self-contained waterproofing, it is important only to carefully read the instructions and observe the application technology. To prepare such a mixture, it must be added with water immediately before the beginning of the work. It is important only to observe the specified proportions, if you try to save and pour more water to get more mixture, the result may disappoint you. Such waterproof mixtures are suitable for creating concrete screeds not only in residential premises, but also in basements, bathrooms.

How to make waterproofing correctly

Whichever you choose the material for waterproofing, for all there is general rule. In all places of floor joints with walls, as well as with other protruding constructions, for example, columns, the layer of waterproofing must necessarily rise 30 cm above the floor without interruption.

How to apply a liquid waterproofing

The application technique depends on which material you choose, namely impregnating or casting. Waterproofing floor screed   with the help of cast materials it can be done on its own. On the surface, an even layer of bitumen or polymer solution is applied, which after solidification turns into an elastic and dense waterproof film. Mastic bitumen must be warmed up to + 120-140 degrees. Then it is poured on a thoroughly cleaned of debris and dust floor. Using a spatula, it must be well leveled so that the layer is uniform.

A cast waterproofing under the floor is used in those cases when it is necessary to protect a monolithic base from moisture before it is laid with sandy- cement screed. For reliability, several layers of waterproofing material will be required, if necessary, they can be reinforced with fiberglass or metal mesh. The thickness of the resulting waterproof film should be from 5 to 15 cm. It is possible to apply liquid waterproofing materials with a brush, but it is very convenient to do this using a spray gun.

Waterproofing of the floor impregnating consists in applying to the floor surface special impregnations. It is best to use a sprayer in this case to distribute the waterproofing material evenly throughout the floor. But you can do this with the help of a brush. Depending on the material from which the floor is made, impregnation with the required depth of penetration is selected. After it has solidified, a seamless monolithic waterproof membrane is obtained. This modern way   waterproofing is now very popular, so it is envisaged in many already.

Creation of waterproofing with coating and coloring materials

Cast method of waterproofing involves working with heated materials, for example, mastic. Paint or coating method is characterized by the use of cold rubber-epoxy or polymeric materials, as well as varnishes or paints. The composition is applied to the surface using a tool, depending on its viscosity. For this purpose, as usual brushes, and rollers.

Whichever material you choose to create a coating or paint waterproofing, remember that it should be applied with a thin layer of about 2-3 mm, but evenly. The result is an excellent waterproof layer, which will also serve as an antifungal and anti-corrosion protection. The only drawback is the fragility of such waterproofing, every 5 years it will need to be updated.

How to make waterproofing with the help of pasting materials

When creating such a waterproofing, the selected roll or sheet waterproof building materials are glued to the floor, which is previously well cleaned of dust and treated with a primer.

There are three ways to create waterproofing okleychnoy:

• you can make a simple flooring of materials on the surface, this method is suitable for dry or cement screed, it is also possible to lay materials under the plywood floor. The waterproofing of the wooden floor can also be made in this way.
• Roll materials can be welded to the surface using a torch. This method requires strict adherence to safety standards so that there is no fire. Do it yourself is not recommended, for the implementation of such a better invite professionals.
• Waterproofing roll can be glued to the floor, using mastic or special glue.

The modern roll waterproofing is produced with an adhesive layer, so it is very easy to lay it. If you have chosen materials without such an adhesive layer, you need to buy a polymer-bitumen based mastic for their gluing. When choosing it, be sure to look in technical characteristics   melting point. It is necessary to select a mastic, in which this figure is at least 20 degrees higher than the maximum possible temperature in the room.

Remember that all types of waterproofing okleechnoy very sensitive to stress on the tensile and shear. Therefore, it is most often used for concrete and brick structures.

Waterproofing with plaster

This is an old way to protect the floor from moisture, but it has been applied so far, as the mixtures for plaster have improved. Now you can choose a mixture in which there will be a large concentration of water-repellent additives, this is ideal for waterproofing. The good way is that with the help of a plastic solution you can quickly and reliably fill absolutely all cracks and crevices in the floor, and get rid of unevenness. Apply it comfortably with a spatula or brush.

Waterproofing with plaster is suitable for wood, concrete, stone, tiles, it can be applied even on top of the paint. There is also a filling mixture for waterproofing, which is considered a variety of plaster. It is evenly spread across the floor, absorbing moisture, it freezes and forms a lasting layer.

To the layer of waterproofing, made with plaster, completely frozen, you need at least 14 days. It must be ensured that it does not dry up, otherwise cracks form on it. It is very important during the first day after laying the plaster layer to moisten it with water every 3 hours, it is convenient to do this with a sprayer. After this, it is necessary to moisten the layer at least twice a week.

Features of waterproofing of the warm floor

It is very important to comply with the technology of waterproofing, as it is necessary to provide reliable protection against water to all elements of the warm floor. Before you fill the screed, you need to treat the base with mastic. You can also use roll materials for this, it is important to seal all the seams with bitumen mastic, and also overlap them on the walls at least 30 cm.

There is also an alternative. You can make a waterproofing coating using bitumen-polymer, cement-polymer or traditional bitumen mastic. After complete hardening of such a waterproofing layer will need to pour cement-sand screed, on which it is possible to put a finishing floor covering. As a result, a reliable and durable waterproofing is obtained, which will perfectly protect all elements of the warm floor from corrosion.

The foundation and the basement of the house are the most vulnerable areas for which the hydraulic pressure of groundwater and precipitation is. The additional load can be reduced by mounting a powerful moisture-resistant insulation layer. Excess liquid is collected in the walls, leading to the appearance of fungus and decay of finishing   materials and bearing structures. How to make a waterproofing basement so that such problems do not arise?

It is very important to take into account the level of groundwater in the place of construction of the house.

Location of groundwater

Barrier waterproofing is equipped in the following cases:

1.   Groundwater is located above 1 meter from the level of the foundation to be laid. This is high, so it is necessary to ensure high-quality external and internal watertightness to the basement.

Advice!

In cases of high groundwater location, experts recommend additionally to equip the drainage system. This will prevent the building from hydrostatic pressure, which can lead to a shift in the foundation of the house and the deformation of the walls.

1.   Groundwater is below 1 meter from the ground. In this case, a simple waterproofing of walls.

External waterproofing of the basement during the construction of the foundation

External waterproofing can not be performed in already built and tiled houses. Therefore, work must be done from the inside. The effectiveness of waterproofing in this case will significantly decrease. In order to increase the water-repellent properties, it is recommended to perform complex hydroprotection of the building from absorbing excess liquid by treating the walls and the basement floor.

Types of waterproofing basement

The waterproofing agent for internal application is selected depending on the chosen application method. There are 3 types of waterproofing: anti-pressure, non-pressure and anti-capillary.

Types of waterproofing basement

1.   Anti-waterproofing is carried out when the groundwater level is above the ground level or the floor of the basement. Arrangement of waterproofing of the foundation takes place outside the building. The materials used restrain the positive pressure of water. In addition, the drainage system of the section is used to drain the liquid into the drain. Means for performing anti-pressure, or slurry, waterproofing necessarily contain polymers. The bitumen-polymer composition is applied to a surface pre-treated with a silicate primer. Slime waterproofing is a multi-layered surface consisting of different solutions and mastics.

Important!

Execution of anti-water waterproofing from the inside is a useless occupation. Since water exerts negative pressure on the walls of the house, and is not restrained by narrow-gauge insulating materials.

1.   Non-pressure waterproofing is carried out when urgent protection of the basement is required from already accumulated moisture. If the groundwater is low, it is only possible to cope with a non-pressure waterproofing of walls and foundations. In this case, the bituminous mastics are selected, which are applied to the surface of the walls with a spatula or roller.
2. Anti-capillary waterproofing is used to prevent moisture from penetrating through the capillaries located in concrete walls. Previously, only bitumen barrier mastics and ruberoid protective layer on the foundation were used. Currently, the most popular are penetrating waterproofing materials. Condensation is not collected on the walls of the basement, if they are pre-treated with barrier mixed injections. They penetrate into the voids and fill them, blocking the leakage of water.

Sources of moisture in the basement

The best quality is the external protection of the basement from groundwater. Often, external waterproofing is missing, or damaged. Repair, sometimes, it can not be. Therefore, there is an acute need for the arrangement of internal insulation. In such cases, waterproofing the cellar from the inside with their own hands without the use of special equipment and excavation.

Waterproofing the basement - a pledge of warmth and comfort in the house

Currently, penetrating formulations and membrane waterproofing sheets are used.   Membrane plates are laid on the walls with a gas burner, forming a dense, water-repellent isole.

Membrane waterproofing basement

Penetrating coatings form barrier insoluble water-repellent compounds, reacting chemically with concrete. Thus, the composition penetrates into the capillaries and fills the pores, chips and microcracks in the concrete.

Anti-capillary basement waterproofing with bituminous mastics

How correctly to make a waterproofing of a cellar with bitumen mixes? Internal water repellent for the basement is represented by polymer mastics. The high demand for such water repellent agents is due to the low price and good properties.

Anti-capillary basement waterproofing with bitumen mastic

Works on the application of bitumen mastic are made in the following sequence:

•   walls are wiped, if necessary, all garbage and the remains of old finish are removed;
•   fine-grained cement mortar trim the wall surfaces, wipe cracks and potholes;
•   primrutovat surface using a quick-drying primer;
•   with a trowel, apply evenly a waterproofing layer of mastic.

Waterproofing with bitumen based mastic

Insulated insulation

Oakleychnaya waterproofing forms a monolithic canvas, which consists of several layers roll materials.

Rolled waterproofing

Coil coatings are applied by heating the base with gas burners or bituminous glue. The scheme of work is as follows:

•   on the wall of the basement is applied mastic;
•   Then, on the layer of mastic, a roll insulator is glued, rolling with a roller;
•   the overlapping places are treated with mastic and the next layer of the web is glued;
•   rolled waterproofing sheets are rolled with a roller. You can glue them both vertically and horizontally. Surplus material around the edges is cut with a sharp knife.

Rolled basement waterproofing on the initial phase   construction

Plastering of walls is performed on any uneven surfaces of walls with potholes and cracks.

Plastered waterproofing

The scheme of the works is as follows:

1.   Strip the surface to be treated from debris and old skin with a metal brush or spatula.
2.   Apply a primer coat for the best adhesion of materials.
3.   Set the level beacons.
4.   Throw in the spaces between the beacons the finished waterproofing plaster, having prepared it in advance in accordance with the instructions on the package.
5.   Level the surface rules, focusing on the lighthouses.
6.   Remove the beacons after grasping the plaster and fill the resulting joints with mortar, level the surface with a spatula.
7.   Completely dried out plaster to finish with a finishing layer of a solution.

Waterproofing plasters have in their composition modifiers, plasticizers, binders, adhesive additives and components. Can be used for outdoor and indoor work.

Waterproofing with plaster

Penetrating waterproofing basement

Penetrating water-repellent compositions can be divided into types:

•   Mixtures applied inside and outside the building on concrete surfaces;
•   Compositions for sealing joints, chips, seams, cracked surfaces;
•   quick-hardening compounds that stop leakage in a few minutes;
•   Compositions for adding concrete to solution.

Waterproofing basement penetrating action

The complexity of using penetrating mixtures is that for the cleaning of concrete walls requires a special technique or labor-intensive manual cleaning.

Important!

The composition penetrates into the capillaries of concrete only if they are open. If the capillaries are clogged, the penetrating moisture repellent composition will not penetrate into the concrete, and the work will be done in vain.

Works on the waterproofing of the basement with the help of penetrating compounds are made only on freshly damp or wet concrete. Apply the mixture with a spatula or brush in one or two millimeters. After the first layer has dried, put it again.

Penetrating waterproofing of basement walls

The scheme of waterproofing with liquid rubber

Liquid rubber - the newest bitumen-polymer water-repellent material. With it, you can additionally increase the waterproofing properties of walls and floor in the basement. One-component compounds can easily be applied independently with a roller or brush on a flat surface.

Liquid rubber for waterproofing the basement

The order of works:

1.   Before applying the mixture, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the surfaces to be treated and to fill in the potholes and irregularities.
2.   Treat the walls and the floor with a primer.
3.   Thoroughly mix the liquid rubber composition with a drill and mixer nozzle.
4.   Apply a brush, roller or spatula.
5.   After full hardening, the coating is ready for use.

Waterproofing of seams with liquid rubber

Despite assurances from the manufacturers of liquid rubber that the composition penetrates deeper into the concrete by 15 millimeters, under the strong pressure of high groundwater, the coating begins to exfoliate and can eventually last no more than 5 years. Additional floor screed will prolong the service life of the rubber water-repellent mixture.

Basement waterproofing with liquid rubber

There are several methods of waterproofing the floor:

•   painting;
•   okleychny;
•   impregnating;
•   cast.

The painting method is used for filling concrete flooring. This is the simplest kind of moisture protection. Paint waterproofing is carried out by barrier bitumen-polymer compounds. This polymer is short-lived, and over time, loses its elastic qualities, forming cracks. In our time preference is given to bitumen-rubber mastics, which does not lose its elasticity for a long time.

Coloring waterproofing of the floor

Oaklechny method of waterproofing is used during the pouring of the floor. At the stage of the final concrete screed, layers of sheet or barrier roll materials are laid. Each layer is glued with a bituminous polymer primer, depending on the material selected. Thus, a durable, reliable and polymeric moisture resistant coating is obtained. It is enough to lay three layers of the cover.

Oakleychny method of waterproofing the floor

Impregnation method of waterproofing is applied before the floor covering with wooden coverings, linoleum or tiles. The composition of impregnating mixtures necessarily includes polymeric substances, such as lacquer.

Impregnation method of floor waterproofing

The cast method of waterproofing the floor in the basement is by far the most reliable. Between the walls and the basement floor a guardrail is installed. The polymeric solution is poured into the resulting space, after drying, a dense, solid, bituminous-polymer moisture repellent coating is formed.

Cast waterproofing

Waterproofing is divided into types in accordance with the temperature operating modes:

•   cold;
•   hot;
•   asphalt-polymer.

Important!

Any process of arrangement of a waterproofing layer should be carried out continuously. Places of joints, overlaps and abutments of the roll covering of the coating must be carefully treated with an additional layer of bitumen or barrier polymeric mastic.

Asphalt-polymer waterproofing

Waterproofing in the basement will be more effective if the ventilation system of the basement is adjusted. Strengthen the operation of the equipped ventilation can be by means of a forced supply channel.

Automatic basement ventilation

Properly equipped waterproofing system will extend the life of not only the basement, but the entire house, prevent the appearance of dampness, the appearance of fungi, mold and decay of materials.