Do I need a water or electric floor heating in the apartment? Let's start by answering this question.
Pros of the system:
- Comfort. What is more pleasant, to be barefoot on a warm surface or on a cold one? I think the answer is obvious.
- Health. Not only bare feet, even in slippers in winter, it is quite possible to feel the cold, exuded by underground concrete slabs or damp earth. And this is the cooling of the legs, which can lead to diseases of the body.
- Saving. Heat, exuded by central heating radiators, located along the walls, according to the laws of physics rushes up. Thus, in order to ensure that the lower part of the room is also warm, it is necessary to significantly increase the supply of heat.
If the heat comes directly from the floor, the heating of the room will occur everywhere and evenly, which will save a lot on a centralized heating system.
So the question of whether the apartment has warm floors, there is a very unequivocal answer: yes.
Methods of implementation
It should be noted that we can also help to achieve the stated goal of the floor insulation in the apartment.
This is a more economical option, which includes the following methods:
- Surface coating, carpet or other similar material.
- Installation under the finishing layer, fiberglass, polyurethane foam and others.
- Warming foundation.
But a stronger effect is provided by the installation of a system of warm floors based on water pipes or electric cables. Thermal insulation materials are very convenient to combine them. The price though will be higher, but the result is worth it.
Water heating
With his own hands to do all the necessary work on the installation of such a structure is difficult. But, if the family budget does not allow you to hire professionals, then after trying, the result can be achieved independently.
There are three types of installation, depending on the material that will cover the system:
- Installation with subsequent concrete pouring.
- Installation with laying on top of parquet or tile pipes.
- The introduction of a heating system under the old boards.
Installation of pipes
- Determine the place under the collector, install a box for it.
- We measure the area that the system will cover.
- We lay the heat-insulating material: foam foam, mineral wool, expanded polystyrene. Due to their presence, heat will not be spent on heating the ground, but will go into the room, which will significantly increase the efficiency.
- We mount a damper tape around the perimeter of the room. It will compensate for deformations due to high temperature.
- Installs a steel mesh on which pipes will be fastened.
- We lay the pipes. It is convenient to make a snake or a spiral.
- We fix them to the grate with special clamps. The distance between the fasteners is about one meter.
Tip: Do not tighten too tightly.
Since when starting in hot water pipes they expand and with dense fixation can burst.
The distance between the turns must be observed 15 - 45 cm, to the wall - 10 cm.
Connection to the collector
The general connection can be from central heating, but it is the collector that is needed to distribute water through all the pipes laid.
The following instruction is used to connect the system to it:
- One edge of the water pipe is fixed in the supply manifold.
- We distribute the pipes along the contours. The number of circuits must correspond to the number of collector outlets.
- The last edge is fixed in the return manifold.
- We are testing the system.
Tip: test the design better with a professional, as the pressure will be more than 1.5 times normal.
- We impose a screed using special additives for warm floors. The floor level thus will rise to ten centimeters.
Everything, the water way of heating the floor surface is carried out.
But he also has several shortcomings:
- A large rise in the floor, which is unacceptable in apartments with a low ceiling.
- The danger of flooding the lower neighbors.
- The difficulty of eliminating possible leaks.
- When connected from the heating, the general can become colder in the neighbors.
This does not cancel out the more significant advantages, but pushes to the desire to consider a similar system, just based on the use of electricity.
Electric heating
Now consider how to make warm floors in an apartment using a heating cable.
All you need
The system itself includes a thermostat and a heating cable. The cable can be either single-core or double-core. A two-wire is more expensive in price, but also safer. It is better not to save.
We prepare a place where in the future an electric thermostat will be installed, allowing to regulate the work of the structure. If the working area is large, then again, for security reasons, separate wiring should be created.
Thermal insulation
As in the case of water heating, to increase the efficiency, it is necessary to lay a heat-insulating material from below.
In this case, it is ideal for the use of penofol. It has a protective layer of foil, light and thin.
Its price practically does not increase the cost of a warm floor in an apartment.
- We unfold and stack the foam foam, gluing the joints with mounting tape.
- Install the reinforced mesh on top.
- Specially provided with a mounting tape fix the heating cable to the floor. It is possible to purchase a tape with a cable already attached to it. It does not matter.
A variant of the cable analog is the infrared warm floor. In this case, IR film is used. It's easier to mount, and it takes less space.
- We set the temperature sensor in the provided tube, so that it is easier to replace it.
- We check all the elements for efficiency.
- Evenly, we fill the surface of the structure with concrete.
Tip: Do not turn on the heating system until the concrete has solidified. Under the influence of various parts can change their volume, and this will lead to the appearance of voids and cracks in the still unstable coating.
The result
The presence of warm floors significantly improves the microclimate in the room. Promotes a uniform distribution of heat, saving on a common heating system.
Temporary technologies allow to carry out such installation under any external covering. Installation can be carried out independently. But since the equipment is not cheap, then everything should be done very carefully and carefully.
Enough to constantly sneeze in bad weather and be afraid to get out of bed by slippers - install a system of warm floors and enjoy your home comfort! "Width =" 640 "height =" 480 "frameborder =" 0 "allowfullscreen =" allowfullscreen "\u003e
The video in this article contains even more information.
Enough to constantly sneeze in bad weather and be afraid to get out of bed by slippers - install a system of warm floors and enjoy the home cosiness!
Planning repairs or alterations in the room, people are predetermined with a choice of materials for repair. Usually this particular item causes particular difficulties. Around so much information ... how to decide and choose the only correct solution? What should be, for example, electric floor heating?
Varieties
What kind of pick? Scientific developments and modern technologies allowed to create several modifications of the classical electric surface heating. They look and function with some variations, but the general principle is one: the power source is electricity.
In all these varieties there are heating elements, by means of which the top cover is heated. An important aspect of the choice is installation with or without a screed. Which option is better to choose? Let's figure it out.
Advantages over other types
What are the common advantages of electrical heating in front of other varieties?
Electrical cable heating has many advantages. The main task at installation is to choose the most suitable variant for you in terms of energy consumption, by the method of installation, by means.
How to install and connect an electric warm floor
disadvantages
What are the disadvantages of this option?
Cable floors
What is a classic cable surface heating? It functions with a special heating cable, filled with a screed, which gives off heat when plugged into the network. The cable can be single-core or double-core. When choosing to navigate, it's worth the following parameters:
The next criterion, which is worth paying attention to - the power of the additional heating system, it ranges from 150 to 110 W / sq. meter. This indicator directly depends on the square of the room in which the heating is mounted. The higher the power, the stronger it heats the surface and, accordingly, the more energy is spent.
Another important point: the width of the cable step when installing the system. The cable must be laid in such a way that when the surface warms up, there are no large cold areas left. They will create not only discomfort, but they can also damage the floor covering.
An obligatory part of cable electrical heating is a thermostat that will not only control the temperature, but also heat the surface gradually, which is very important if a laminate is used as a floor covering. This option is well combined with a tiled or tiled coating in the bathrooms and kitchens.
Mats
Electric mats are a modified warm floor, with which you can simplify the installation process. They are a dense mesh-base, on which the cable is fastened. In this case, the width of the step is not necessary. It is enough to roll out the mats in the desired direction, fix the grid and carry out the minimum screed. What is good about this option?
Modern companies specializing in such equipment produce a large number of types of electric mats with various additional characteristics: with single and double-core cables, in the form of a sandwich with a thermal insulating substrate that does not require screeding and so on.
Installation of a warm floor Electrolux
Significant disadvantages can be called the high cost and energy consumption of such heating. Which option is best to choose depends on your financial capabilities.
Infrared core floor
Another type of electrical cable mats is infrared rod or carbon fiber. The rod warm floor is a carbon rod connected by a polymeric conductor. They are sources of infrared radiation. The thickness of this mat from 130 to 160 watts per square. meter, advantages in comparison with electric mats:
- When installing the core mats, a layer of screed or, rather, a glue base of only 3 cm in thickness is required.
- It is not a source of electromagnetic radiation.
- The system regulates the heat generated: when the surface is overheated, the carbon rods cease to generate it in a limited area. So there is no overheating of the system under furniture or household appliances.
Disadvantages can be called the high cost of carbon mats, as well as the rapid failure of carbon rods: according to user observations, there is a high probability of burning rods at the junction with the conductor.
Which option is better: carbon rod or electric cable? In 70% of cases the masters note the low reliability of the carbon heating.
Film floor
Infrared film warm floor is unique in its kind film coating. It is a thin mat with inside heating elements. It has a large number of advantages, in comparison with cable predecessors:
The disadvantages are:
- A short service life of temperature sensors and temperature controllers. According to user feedback, the average life of these devices is 5 - 7 years.
- Poorly endures a serious load in the form of furniture or heavy household appliances. Therefore, when installing it, it is better to mount it in a zone free of household appliances and furniture.
- To put the film and not cause damage to it, the substrate should be perfectly even.
Video: Warm floor - electric or water?
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In the past, those times when the apartments were heated exclusively due to central heating batteries. Aspiring to home was cozy, warm and comfortable, more people are thinking about installing warm floors, and there are many reasons.
One of the advantages of warm floors is that when using them there are no cold and superheated zones, the temperature is distributed more evenly throughout the volume of the room, and not just in the immediate vicinity of the battery. With radiator heating, the average comfort temperature in the room is achieved due to the constant circulation of warm and cold air currents. In the case of warm floors, the air around the head remains cool, and at the feet warmer, which is more beneficial for health. In addition, parents have less reason to worry that the baby will catch cold when he plays on the heated floor.
To date, the market presents several fundamentally different systems of warm floors. And if the air warm floors can still be attributed to the category of new products not widely used in Russia, then water and electric floors are used quite actively. What kind of sex do you prefer?
The concept of a water floor is reduced to installation between a floor and a floor covering of the system of small pipelines on which the heated liquid circulates (water, ethylene glycol solution, antifreeze, etc.). Water floors are more economical in operation, since they do not require additional costs for electricity, are environmentally friendly and can be used in combination with any kind of finishing, even with parquet.
However, during their installation and operation, significant difficulties may arise. Installation and connection of water floors to the central heating system in the apartment will require a fairly complex reconciliation, since there is a risk of reducing the pressure in the common riser. In addition, one should take into account the high risk of leakage, the complexity and complexity of installation. Specialists recommend using water warm floors, first of all, in country houses with autonomous boiler houses.
Electric warm floors are more suitable for use in apartment buildings. They allow you to more accurately regulate the temperature, eliminate the risks of leaks and do not require complex reconciliations.
Film electric floors can be attributed to the number of novelties of the market, which are just beginning to gain popularity. The infrared heating system used in them allows the production of ultra-thin film that does not require complicated installation, screeds, and practically does not affect the height of the room. It should be taken into account, however, that the film floors are not waterproof, so with their installation in bathrooms and kitchens, problems may arise. At the moment, film electrical coatings are more often used for infrared heating of walls and ceilings, rather than floors.
The most common and popular heating systems are cable electrical floors. They also come in several forms: mats and cable in the screed.
When installing the warm floors of the system "cable in the screed", the heating cable is laid in the layer of the screed depth of 3-5 cm. The screed in this case is obligatory, and serves as a kind of temperature accumulator, giving away the accumulated heat for a long time. Such warm floors can be used on balconies and external ramps and used as the main source of heat. In practice, however, this is difficult to achieve, since the total area of the warm floor in the room, in this case, should be at least 70%.
Warm floors are not installed under large furniture such as sofas, cabinets, etc., respectively, and 70% of the floor is covered infrequently.
The most popular cable floors in the form of mats. They are easier to install and provide faster warming up of the floor. On the leveled surface, mats with a heating element are laid, a layer of glue (about 4 mm) is applied and a clean floor covering is laid. Since the mats give a slight rise in the floor, they can be laid on top of existing tiles, which can be very useful when it comes to the secondary housing market.
If you want to install warm floors in several rooms of the apartment, the combination of the floors "cable in the screed" on the glassed loggias and mats in the remaining rooms can be optimal.
Traditionally, warm floors are used in combination with tiles or porcelain tiles. Only the tile can be heated more than 25 degrees. The maximum floor heating provided by the thermostat is 45 degrees, but the optimal comfort temperature is 25-27 ° C.
Is the floor compatible, for example, with a laminate? Modern technology allows you to install warm floors under a parquet board, laminate, carpet, linoleum. In such cases, warm floors of low power (no more than 100 W per 1 sq.m.) are used. When assembling them, the manufacturer's recommendations should be strictly followed and a thermostat with an upper threshold limit of no more than 25 degrees Celsius should be used to avoid accidentally overheating and damaging the coating. Experts do not recommend combining the warm floor with a parquet and a massive board.
The advantage of warm floors connected to central heating is evident in all senses. Firstly, this increases the comfort by an order of magnitude, and secondly, this type of heating makes it possible to save a lot. Of course, in different systems of the warm floor, the savings are more or less pronounced. But it is generally recognized that the most economical are water warm floors.
Please note that all legal issues must be resolved before installation, but in order.
The water-heated floor in the apartment is a delicate and abundant business specific requirements and special wiring diagrams. But in any case, we with full responsibility declare that the water-heated floor can be mounted in any apartment. Just need to solve the issue with a source of thermal energy.
This stage is well suited for family performance. It is simplest to depict such a scheme on a sheet of graph paper. First, the apartment plan is scrupulously transferred to the paper, then all the places that do not require pipe laying are excluded. This is necessarily large-sized furniture and household appliances, such as: a sofa, a refrigerator, a closet, etc. This is done for two reasons. First, to warm under such items the floor is a useless business. And secondly, such installation can lead to the effect of "blocking heat" and as a consequence of thermal deformation of furniture and flooring.
Another important point is the layout of the pipes. There are only two wiring diagrams and two versions of each of them. It:
- Snake;
- Snail.
Each of these methods can be single and double. With single laying, uneven heating of the floor is possible, as the temperature of the coolant on the return is noticeably lower. Although, this drawback, you can turn to your advantage. For example, lay the pipes in such a way that the hot coolant first passes along the outer walls of the apartment ( rooms).
Variants of stacking "Snake", more suitable for small and elongated rooms (in the bathroom, corridor). But the "snail", it is better to lay pipes in large and square rooms.
Important: when laying "Snail", the pipe consumption is increased by 18-21%.
The laying step (the distance between the nearest turns of pipes) is selected individually, depending on:
- Type of pipe;
- The values of heat loss.
1-inlet tap; 2 - the non-return valve; 3 - the mixer; 4 - the water pump; 5 - the valve; 6 - the air valve; 7 - input collector Each pipe has its own minimum bending radius. For example, for a plastic pipe, this value is 8ᴓ, and for stainless steel corrugations, only 3ᴓ. In some cases, it is allowed to lay pipes with a clavate bend (see photo).
On average, there are 4-5.5 m of pipes per square meter of floor, with a diameter of 16-20 mm. On the diagram also it is necessary to mark a place for the system of providing and managing warm floors - the collector.
Solving Legal Issues
Only two options are possible. First, to power the system from the central heating system and the second, to install an autonomous boiler in the apartment.
Each of these options has its pros and cons. In particular, by feeding the system from the riser, you get incredible savings - this is a plus. But at the same time, you completely lose autonomy. And this reduces the level of comfort by an order of magnitude. After all, you can not turn on heating floors when you want, but only when there is warm water in the pipes.
Permission for connection is issued by the public utilities. 100% of the ban on connecting the system of warm floors to the riser no heating, then you need to go into the nuances. The fact is that in new homes, the possibility of installing a warm water floor is specially laid. In such new buildings, a special riser passes through the apartment or a parallel connection system is established for each apartment.
Most likely, with you will require a wiring diagram and design calculations that will help prove that the installation of such equipment will not damage the common property.
In some cases, one of the conditions for connecting to a riser is the installation of a heat meter. If this is a decisive factor - do not hesitate to agree. The economy will be significant.
And one more disadvantage of this connection is the temperature of the coolant. Comfortable flooring temperature varies from 25 to 30 ° C. The water temperature in the riser reaches 95 ° C. And if it immediately put into the system of a warm floor, then the apartment will turn into a gas vat. Therefore, to equalize the temperature, a pump-mixing manifold is required. It includes a pump, a comb, a mixer.
In this device, the water coming from the riser is mixed with the return from the warm floor system to reach the desired temperature, and only then, it is fed into the heating circuit. All work functions in an automatic mode. You can assemble the comb yourself. In principle, this is a set of crosses, gates, adapters assembled in the right sequence. It will cost less, but! In the factory comb, the whole construction is made from a single piece, and there are no threaded connections in its body. That increases the reliability of the device by an order of magnitude.
Advice: do not save on the equipment for controlling the system of the water-heated floor - the repair of the apartment will cost more.
Other options for connecting to a heat source
But even if you get permission to supply the warm floor from central heating in the apartment it is not possible in principle, you can install an electric, or even a gas boiler.
Tip: If the plans have a water-heated floor in the apartment, then the electric boiler here will be preferable and safer.
At once we will tell, cost of such project will grow on 25-30% (depending on a complete set). And this is a minus of such a connection. But this will pay off due to savings in heating for two or three seasons. Only in this case, you should carefully select the boiler.
The fact is that there are special, low-temperature boilers. At the outlet from such boilers, the heat carrier has a temperature of at most 60 ° C. In other words, you can do without even a mixer.
Installation of a warm water floor
The pledge of proper installation is a smooth base of the rough floor. The easiest option to achieve excellent results, use a quick-drying self-leveling screed. The average consumption per square meter is 15 kg of dry mix with a layer thickness of 1 cm. Purchase it with 10% margin. The work is simple:
- Sweep the floor;
- Dilute the dry mixture according to the instructions;
- Pour floors in the room;
- Wait 24 hours for recruitment.
Application mats for warm water floors The next stage is the installation of thermal insulation. For this purpose, use a sheet of extruded high-density polystyrene foam. Try to find special mats for the warm floor, from the material described above. This will reduce the complexity of all works by 15-17%. Such mats are sheets of expanded polystyrene, on which there are already special grooves and / or bosses for fastening pipes.
Mats are stacked back and forth. Clearances between them are not permissible. For in such places there are bridges of cold. Covering mats with foamed polyethylene foam is a waste of money. The fact is that the top of the structure will be poured screed. And under its action, this metallized layer will break down within 2-4 weeks. The pipe is laid in mats, according to the prepared scheme.
Please note that when using special mats, you do not have to worry about additional fixing of the pipe with clamps or mounting tape. And fixing the pipe is very laborious and time-consuming work.
After laying the pipe in the apartment according to the installation diagram, it must be crimped. The process of crimping takes place in several stages:
- Filling the system with a coolant;
- The rise in temperature is 30-50% higher than the norm ( up to 45-50 ° C);
- Increase of pressure in the system by 0.2-0.5 atm;
- Exposure during the day.
During each stage, the condition of the laid pipes and threaded connections should be carefully monitored. In case of a defect, it is necessary to drain the water, and fix the marriage. Then the whole test is repeated.
If a day later the system did not show leaks, then proceed to the next stage - filling the screed.
If you used copper or corrugated stainless steel pipes to organize a system of water-heated floors, then they must be covered with a polyethylene film, 200 microns thick. Otherwise, cement will destroy the metal pipes. The film is covered with overlap and fastened with adhesive tape.
Important: the screed can only be filled with filled pipes.
The thickness of the screed should be at least 3 cm from the top of the pipe. The optimum thickness is 5 cm.
A very important point is the reinforcement of the screed. The best option is the use of fiber. First of all, it has a very low consumption (no more than 1 kg, 1 cubic meter of screed, and secondly, flexible fibrous fiber increases the strength of the screed, reduces its hydropermeability.) And most importantly - completely eliminates cracks. And do not forget about the damper tape on the perimeter of the room.It has a double function.In the first, it covers the heat leakage from the screed to the walls and performs the function of a thermal expansion compensator.
It should be noted that the maturing period of the screed is 5 cm thick, about 4-5 weeks. And before the expiration of this time, it is unacceptable to turn on the heating of the floors! But this process can be rebuked if special additives are added to the solution. In this case, the whole process will take no more than 2-3 days.
Using a warm floor allows you to provide the most comfortable temperature conditions in the room, changing the parameters at your own discretion. The system can be used as an effective addition to radiator heating, and for a complete replacement of such.
Water and electric varieties of the warm floor are available for sale. Electrical systems, in turn, are classified into the following subtypes: cable, film and core warm floor. Which option should I prefer? About this further.
Water heated floor
The operation of the system is based on the circulation of the coolant - water - inside the unit. The possibility of supplying water from the riser and from a centralized heating system is available. Directly the circulation of water is provided by the forces of the pump, which is necessarily present in such systems. Of course, there is a version of the construction of a water-heated floor without the use of a pump with the use of gravity laws, but it is suitable only for use in rooms of small area.
Benefits
- Relatively low costs for the arrangement.
- Relative cheapness of the coolant.
disadvantages
- The need for strict adherence to technology and extreme caution in the process of pouring in order not to damage the elements of the system.
- Impossibility of arrangement of the system in a city apartment. To date, the implementation of this kind of work is prohibited, because when water is circulated through the warm floor, it is returned to other consumers (neighbors) in a cooled state, which causes a lot of inconvenience.
At the heart of the system are wires made of special alloys. The composition of the alloys is selected in such a way that the electrical energy effectively "converted" into heat. To regulate the amount of heat produced, the system is equipped with a special thermoregulator.
Benefits
Among the key advantages of cable electrical heating systems, the following points should be noted:
- long service life, much higher than the same for the above water system;
- relatively low operating costs. Electricity, though, is much more expensive than water, specifically, the cable version of the system consumes resources in relatively small quantities.
disadvantages
There are such weaknesses in the system as well:
- generation of electromagnetic radiation during operation. Actual for the cheapest models. In qualitative systems, this indicator does not exceed allowable limits;
- large costs for installation of the system.
When choosing a heating cable, give preference to products that have the ISO 14000 certificate - this document is a guarantee of the ecological safety of the system. Additionally, ask the seller to present a KIMA certificate. In the absence of these documents, it is recommended to abstain from buying a cable.
Film electric heating
The design of the system is based on a special carbon heating film. When plugged into the network, the system begins to generate infrared rays with parallel allocation of anions. The emitter functions in this system are assigned to a special paste on a carbon (carbon) basis. It is applied to the material in parallel or curved bands. In costly varieties of the system, the paste is usually applied in a continuous manner, which results in a higher heating efficiency.
Electric power is supplied by means of copper-silvery x conductors. The main working elements of the system are sealed with polyester layers. The power supply is regulated by means of a thermostat.
Film systems are widely represented in the assortment of many manufacturers of similar products. First of all, when choosing a brand, look at the reputation of the manufacturer, user feedback, and personal preferences. If possible, enlist the support of specialists. Knowledgeable people will be able to give a real assessment of the tasks assigned to the heating system, and help to choose the best option.
Benefits
The key advantage of the film electric warm floor is its versatility in terms of compatibility with finishing materials. Above such a film can be laid tile, linoleum, vinyl panels, as well as laminate, carpet, etc.
The second important advantage of film systems is the possibility of arranging mobile heating on their basis. For example, the film can be attached to the back of the carpet and cleaned if there is no need for heating.
disadvantages
First, the main drawback of such a system lies in the large number of hidden contacts. In order to ensure the continued operation of the underfloor heating system efficiently, reliably and safely, it is necessary to thoroughly test its operability before taking the system for permanent use. In addition, the laying of the finish coat should be carried out in strict accordance with the technology.
Secondly, with the arrangement of the system, there is a need for additional financial costs for the purchase of connectors. Without these products, it is impossible to achieve a quality contact between the wire and the film.
Thirdly, if ceramic tiles or other similar materials are laid on top of the warm floor, additional funds will have to be spent on laying the screed. At the same time, the consumption of the adhesive composition also increases - its layer can not be thinner than 1.5 cm.
One of the latest developments in the market of heating equipment. It is characterized by high indicators of reliability and environmental safety. The system is known under the talking nickname "intelligent warm floor".
At the heart of the heating - carbon rods, connected to each other and connected to a thermoregulator and mains. To the end user, such a warm floor is offered in matt format.
When choosing a specific heating system, many important characteristics and additional conditions must be taken into account. First of all, this is the area of the heated room and the features of its location. For example, any system, including a water system, is suitable for use in a private house. It is necessary to approach objectively to an estimation of economic expediency of application of each accessible variant. Along with this, when the warm floor is arranged in an apartment, the water system can not be used in accordance with legislative restrictions.
At the same time, it is necessary to correctly evaluate the purpose of the system being built. If it will be used as additional heating, the main task of which is to maintain a comfortable microclimate for the owner, you can limit yourself to the budgetary film warm floor. When building the same system for its subsequent use as the main heating, it is better to give preference to more powerful varieties, for example, heating cable or, if this is a private house, to a water warm floor.
Table. Areas and uses of the warm floor
| Electrical system | Water system |
|---|---|
| Addition to basic heating | Complete replacement of radiator heating |
| Heating of bathrooms, balconies, verandas and other similar premises | Addition to the main heating system, heating of any premises (actual for private houses and other buildings in which it is not forbidden to use such facilities) |
| Temporary quick warming up of the floor in small rooms | |
| City apartments in which there is no possibility of arrangement of water system | |
| Installation of heating without conducting related capital works (actual for a film version) |
In all circumstances, the priority for the consumer should remain the quality of the products. Do not believe the suspiciously cheap offers from dubious producers. Give preference to certified products from well-known brands, and then you will not have any problems with the operation of at least a water, even electric, floor in any of its variations.
Good choice!