The greatest efficiency is provided by combining these methods, which are perfectly mastered by the experts of the company "site". Depending on the specifics of the problem, experts will determine the most effective methods, qualitatively and quickly eliminating blockages of any complexity.
Such habitual benefits of civilization as a system of water supply and sanitation are perceived as an integral part of comfort. And if the Roman Empire went down in history as a progressive, partly because it was there that sewers were built in the 7th-6th centuries, today such achievements are perceived with an indulgent smile. Spoiled by all sorts of technical innovations, users of all sorts of benefits do not think that simple things are the basis of daily comfort.
The most revealing example of such significance is the problems that arise in the work of engineering communications: the banal clogging of the sewage system is able to break the habitual rhythm of life. It will be required to urgently seek competent executors, agree on the timing of the application, to understand the technical nuances. Not to mention the fact that in the most critical cases in emergency situations that can lead to damage to property, you will need unscheduled repairs in your own apartment or compensation for damage to the affected neighbors.
It is in such cases that it becomes obvious how important it is to maintain the effective operation of sewage systems, their timely maintenance and cleaning. Experts recommend taking urgent measures with the initial signs of the formation of sewage sludge, which are reduced to a high-quality cleaning of pipes. In some cases, these measures can be carried out independently, but more often than not, the help of professionals who have experience and special equipment may be required.
Residents of apartment buildings, owners of private cottages or co-owners of production enterprises, who were able to assess the effectiveness of specialized emergency services, cooperate with such firms on contractual terms. This allows you to enlist the support of experienced specialists who will provide a full range of services around the clock: scheduled maintenance of water supply and sewerage systems, prompt elimination of any problems with utilities, including sewerage obstructions.
Elimination of doses in the sewage systems of enterprises.
Sewerage systems, by their designation, are industrial, designed for the discharge of waste from enterprises, industrial wastewater and industrial wastes, and household wastes intended for discharging sewage from domestic sanitary facilities (kitchen sinks, bathtubs, toilets, washbasins). All of them need cleaning, which is better done in the planned mode, in order to avoid serious problems in the form of accidents. Sewer drainage is much easier to prevent than to do a lot of time and effort to eliminate it, urgently seek professionals and incur financial losses, overpaying incompetent performers.
Every day dirty water, fine organic matter, grease and household rubbish enter the sewer system through the sink, which does not stay on the draining grids. As a result, a layer of deposits accumulates on the walls of the pipes, which eventually closes the gap in the sewer pipe and eventually completely clogs it.
The first sign of disruption of the normal operation of sewage systems is an unpleasant smell from the drain holes of a kitchen sink or sink, bath or washbasin. This indicates that a large amount of fat and protein deposits accumulated in the siphon or on the walls of the pipes, which need to be removed. The second sign is the slow drainage of water into the drainage of a bathtub, sink or sink. If you ignore these alarms, a third sign will appear - a complete blockage of the sewer pipe, when all of its contents will pour out.
That is why timely cleaning of sewer systems will avoid serious problems, relieving stress and material damage. The company "site" provides quality services aimed at the effective operation of engineering systems, including elimination of sewage sludge any complexity, 24-hour emergency service and comprehensive services. The presence of many years of experience and material and technical base allows us to provide qualified assistance to the owners of apartments and private houses, industrial enterprises, office and shopping complexes.
Clearance of blockages: simple ways
Compliance with simple rules for the operation of sewerage and water supply systems will avoid various force majeures. Periodic cleaning of pipes will ensure uninterrupted and efficient operation, and at the first signs of sewerage clogging, urgent measures should be taken to eliminate it. It should be noted that any problems in the operation of engineering systems are easier to prevent than later to eliminate blockage, but even the most far-sighted people are characterized by a certain carelessness, so knowing simple ways to eliminate blockages is very useful. In any case, if the situation is not very critical and the resulting clog is not too complicated.
To determine the severity of the problem that arose, the nature of the problem should be identified. If the water has ceased to merge in all sewerage units - in a sink, bathtub, toilet bowl, then you can not do it on your own. In multi-storey houses, the riser on the ground floors is often clogged, the water stops flowing and starts to rise. In this case it is necessary to call specialists who will ensure high-quality cleaning with the help of special equipment and effective methods.
Types of sewage sludge:
- the operational blockage resulting from the deposition of fat on the walls of pipes, to which various wastes begin to adhere - hair, small particles that get into the sink through the sink.
- mechanical blockage, often appearing through the fault of the tenant, who does not follow the elementary rules of operation of engineering systems. For example, toilet paper can cause toilet littering, which is dumped every day into the toilet and is not corroded by water, as a result of which it accumulates and leads to tube obstruction. Such blockage can be eliminated with the help of special tools that corrode paper and other accumulated debris.
- obstruction in a siphon - a device designed to serve as a kind of barrier, a filter that protects from unpleasant smells from the sewage system. Over time, the grease deposits accumulate in the siphon, which are clogged with debris, which ultimately leads to the formation of a clogged sewer. To clean the siphon, hot water is used with the addition of dishwashing liquid: it breaks down the fat and removes the dirt accumulated on the walls.
- technogenic blockage is the result of errors in the design of sewage systems. Such clogging can not be eliminated on its own, it requires special equipment, and in the most critical cases - serious design changes.
Eliminate the clogging of sewerage in accessible ways, including:
- hot water with the addition of baking soda, with which you can decompose the fat accumulated on the walls of pipes and get rid of blockage;
- chemical agents that have a corrosive composition that breaks down fat and solid particles;
- the plunger, thanks to which it is possible to organize movement in a pipe and to move from a place the formed blockage.
- steel plumbing rope, which should be moved to the place of blockage by scrolling movements. This device helps to cope with the problem in 90% of cases, although its use requires a certain skill, so as not to damage the pipe or break the cable, which it will be difficult to extract yourself.
The reference to experts "site" will provide a number of advantages:
- efficiency and high quality;
- comfortable payment system - the order is paid for in order to ensure that the clients of the company are confident in the honesty and responsibility of the specialists;
- reliability - all kinds of work are guaranteed;
- high level of competence of specialists;
- affordable prices;
- promising conditions for cooperation on an ongoing basis;
- perfect service.
The company's specialists are ready to go to the site within ten minutes after the customer's call, providing professional help, innovative equipment and effective methods for solving any problems related to the functioning of engineering communications.
Litter in the sewer is one of the most unpleasant moments that any city dweller can face. Especially if he lives in a block of flats. Independently to achieve a positive result will be very difficult. Therefore, if necessary urgent elimination of sewage sludge, will have to call experienced specialists. They have all the necessary equipment for this. And, first of all, it is necessary to make a call if it turns out that the blockage occurred in the riser of the sewage system.
If you do not do a preventive cleaning of the sewerage system at least twice a year, the case may end in clogging. And this is bad, especially when it happens in the riser, and not in the siphon under the plumbing fixture.
To date, the elimination of blockages in Moscow is carried out in several ways:
- mechanical
- chemical
- thermal
- hydrodynamic
In some cases, everything can be done independently. But if the blockage is serious, specialists will need help.
The price for the thermal elimination of clog in the sewage system is the most acceptable. After all, you have to pay only for using gas or electricity to boil water. Boiling water should be poured into a plumbing fixture. But not always it helps. Therefore, you can try a plunger or a plumbing cable, if it is in the pantry. If not, you can use chemicals. But the cost of hydrodynamic removal of blockages is the highest. Here you need a special hydrodynamic installation. It can be rented or called specialists, who will remove the blockage by a jet of water under high pressure.
Almost every person, deciding to repair or build a house, very carefully treats small things and nuances. From the way the sewer is laid, the further comfortable atmosphere in the room will depend.
The main causes of blockages in the sewage system
The deformation of pipes, poor-quality material, non-compliance with the rules of operation - all this leads to sewer obstructions and the need to call a master. Of course, initially the problem can be solved independently (with the help of aggressive chemical agents). But if you do not identify the cause of the blockage, after a short time the problem can return again.
A more logical solution is to timely call a service that specializes in solving these problems. Sewer obstruction must be eliminated by competent, professional and experienced workers.
The cost and timing of the elimination of sewage sludge in Moscow and Moscow region
Naturally, the cost of eliminating sewage sludge depends on what method is used for this. Of no small importance is the fact that the same happened for the blockage. But for the owner of an apartment, restaurant or other institution this is a secondary issue, because it is more important to solve this problem as soon as possible. One of the most demanded, proven and reliable companies that makes diagnostics and solves all problems with sewerage is Hydro Chist. Low-cost prices, operational deadlines, effective methods - eliminating blockages, special equipment and the availability of skills - all this is an integral part of the company's work. Therefore, in our company you can call a service that will lead to sewerage in working condition qualitatively and inexpensively!
Even with the most careful attitude to the system of domestic sewage, there comes a time when water ceases to leave the sink, toilet bowl or bath. Do not fall into despair, you need to determine the place in which the clog formed and remove the mud cork from the sewer network.
Installation of domestic sewerage system
To accurately determine the site of the blockage and choose the method of cleaning the sewer, it is necessary to imagine how the domestic sewage system is arranged.
In the toilet or bathroom, sometimes in the pantry or kitchen, any apartment can see a vertical pipe running from ceiling to floor about 12 cm in diameter. This pipe is called a sewer riser. It starts above the roof, passes through all floors of the house and ends in the basement, connecting with the sunbed going to the sewer. In this sewer riser waste water is diverted from all plumbing fixtures installed in apartments located one under the other.
The above is a typical scheme of a residential sewage system. As can be seen from the scheme, the domestic sewage system is a waste water discharge lair laid at an angle of inclination of 2-15 cm per meter of length connected to the sewer pipe. To connect plumbing fixtures in the sunbed tees are provided. Toilet bowl and bidet connected by a separate thick pipe directly to the sewer pipe.
The pipes of the sewer riser, apartment lounger and tees in the houses of the old construction were installed from cast iron. At present, the elements of the sewage system of cast iron are not used. Cast iron was replaced with plastic - polyvinylchloride (PVC) or heat-resistant (withstands temperatures up to 80 ° C) with polypropylene (PP).
Sewer drainage is mounted directly on the floor, below the floor level or hidden in the wall. Outwardly, only the branch pipes from the tees come out. There is practically no water pressure in the sunbed and it is enough to install rubber or silicone sealing rings to seal the joints.
Kinds and the device of sanitary siphons
The first toilet with a drain tank, thanks to the efforts of the Englishman George Harrington, appeared in 1596. The toilet was made for the English Queen Elizabeth I. It did not have a water seal, and an unpleasant smell came from the sewer pipe into the room. And it was not until 1849 that Stefan Green came up with a water trap that allowed the penetration of an unpleasant odor from the sewage system. This year can be considered the year of birth of a modern toilet.
Currently, the water gate (also called a hydraulic gate) is equipped not only with toilet bowls and bidets, but also all domestic sanitary equipment - sinks, sinks, shower cabins, baths, washing and dishwashers. Plumbing, in which there is a hydraulic gate is commonly called a siphon.
The siphon is usually installed between the outlet point of the drainage water from the equipment and the connection point to the wastewater sink. It performs not only the function of protecting against the entry of an unpleasant odor from the sewage system, but also the protection of the sewage system from the penetration of fat and fine particulates such as sand and earth into it. Therefore, over time, because of the accumulated dirt in the siphons, there is a clog that has to be cleared.
Depending on the purpose of the sanitary unit and the method of its installation, one of the following siphons is installed:
- Tubular
- Bottle (bottle)
- Corrugated
The principle of the sewer siphon of any design is the same and consists in the retention in the U-shaped bend of the pipe or glass of a small amount of water (water seal), which blocks the penetration of air with an unpleasant odor from the sewage system into the room.
The drawing shows the tubular, bottle and corrugated siphons in a section. Water from the sanitary unit flows through the siphon in the direction of the blue arrow. Due to the fact that the pipe leaving the siphon into the sewage system is above the water level in the U-shaped knee or a water seal is formed in the glass. The U-shaped knee and glass also contain solid debris and fat.
The pipe type of siphons in modern sewer systems is rarely used due to large dimensions and the complexity of disassembly with mechanical elimination of blockages. In addition, the amount of water trapped in the bend of the siphon is insignificant, and it can evaporate in the long absence of a person, opening the way for the penetration of a bad smell from the sewage system into the room.
A cheap corrugated siphon appeared relatively recently, thanks to the appearance of modern flexible plastic. Its simple compact design ensures high reliability and ease of installation even in confined spaces. Especially the corrugated siphon is indispensable for the installation of shells on the foot (pedestal) of the tulip type, since there is very little space in the foot. It is better not to install the corrugated siphon on kitchen sinks, since fat deposits will quickly accumulate in the folds of the corrugation, and it is impossible to remove the blockage from there mechanically.
Bottle-type siphon is universal and practically suitable for installation with any device. Such a siphon must be installed on the kitchen sink, because when washing vegetables and dishes in the sink gets a lot of sand, earth and fat, forming over time in the siphon blockage. From the bottle siphon it is easy to remove the blockage, for which it is enough only to unscrew its lower cover.
Siphons are made of plastic or metal (brass, stainless steel). The service life of siphons from metal is much greater, but they are several times more expensive. The budget option is a siphon made of plastic. According to the manufacturers, practice has shown, the siphon made of plastic regularly serves more than a dozen years.
The device of a water lock of a toilet bowl and a bidet
When connecting the toilet to the domestic sewer network, the siphon is not required, since the toilet is designed in such a way that a water seal is already present inside its body.
The operating principle of the toilet flush system is shown in the diagram. The path of the water is shown by the blue arrows. After pressing the button or lever located on the drain tank toilet bowl a large amount of water is simultaneously fed into its bowl. After washing off the sewage, the water is sent to the drain pipe and, making a turn, goes into the sewer riser. Due to the presence of a loop in the drain pipe of the toilet bowl, some of the water is retained, thereby forming a water gate blocking the penetration of an unpleasant odor into the toilet room. In bidet, the water gate is similar.
Types of obstructions of domestic sewerage
There are three types of clogging sewage system:
- The operational blockage of pipes - is formed over time as a result of the formation of fatty deposits inside the sewer pipes, mixed with hair and small debris particles. The operational blockage is eliminated by chemical or mechanical cleaning.
- Mechanical clogging of pipes - as a rule, is formed as a result of falling into the pipes of large solid objects due to violation of the rules of operation of the sewage system. Eliminated only by mechanical cleaning.
- Technological clogging of pipes - occurs, as a rule, in new homes, and is associated with errors in the design or poor-quality installation of the sewage system. If the sewer pipes have insufficient cross-section and are connected at right angles or laid without the required angle of inclination, then it is often necessary to remove the blockage that forms in the same place. It is only possible to eliminate the frequent formation of technological blockage by installing the sewer pipes again.
How to find a place of blockage in a domestic sewage system
After studying the scheme of domestic sewerage and acquaintance with the device of hydraulic water closures, you can easily determine the place of blockage. Sewerage is usually clogged in siphons and docking points for sewage pipes with corners and tees. On the diagram these places are marked by circles of red color.
The clogs of the sewage system can be divided into three types:
- Local clogging - when water does not go away only from one of the plumbing devices, for example, a sink, bathtub or toilet bowl
- General clogging - when water does not go away from several plumbing fixtures, for example kitchen sinks and bathtubs
- Global clogging - when water does not go away simultaneously from all sanitary equipment installed in the house or apartment
Finding the place of a local blockage is not difficult, since the blockage is usually formed in the water valve of the toilet bowl or bidet, siphons of the washbasins or bath, in the filter of the dishwasher or washing machine. An exception is only the case if the device is connected to the beginning of the reclining lounger, as in the above scheme, a kitchen sink is connected. In this case, if the water does not leave only from the sink, then the blockage can be located both in its siphon and in the place of its connection with the sewer pipe.
At the general blockage of the domestic sewerage the dirt accumulates in one of the points of connection of sanitary devices to the sewer pipe of the lagoon of the sewage disposal. It is not difficult to accurately determine the place of the clog. For example, if the water goes off badly, or does not go completely out of the sink, the dishwasher and the bath, and out of the other appliances it goes away normally, then the place of the clog is evidently at the left point of the lane number three section. And if the water does not go away from all appliances, except for the toilet and bidet, then the blockage is located on the section of the sewer pipe at number five.
On the occurrence in the near future of a common clogging of the sewage system is often evidenced by the gurgling of water in the siphons of the sink in the kitchen and the sinks in the bathroom after the removal of the cork from the drainage funnel in a bath filled with water. If it only gurgles in the siphon of the sink in the kitchen, then the blockage is on the 3-4 lounger area, and if there is also a sink in the sink in the bathroom, the blockage is located on the section 5 of the sewage pipe. When gurgling appears in the siphons, in order not to suddenly appear in an unpleasant situation - a complete sewage clogging, you must immediately clean it.
Global clogging of domestic sewerage - this is already a state of emergency, because with such a clogging of sewage, sewage from the upper floors can flood the apartment. The first sign of the formation of a global clog is the filling of a bath with water from the sewage system through a drainage funnel when using other plumbing fixtures, including a toilet bowl and a bidet. The situation is even worse if you do not live on the top floor. In this case, all waste water from the upper floors will fill your plumbing fixtures. The first thing that needs to be done with a global blockage is to address the neighbors of all apartments above yours with a request not to use plumbing fixtures. If neighbors could not be notified, then it is necessary to cut off the flow of water into the water riser in the basement. Then call the water service emergency service.
Sewer cleaning
In practice, for cleaning the sewage, depending on the type of clog, one of three methods is used:
- Chemical
- Hydraulic or pneumatic
- Mechanical
Chemical methods
The chemical method is used to remove fat and soap sediments from sewage pipes by dissolving them with active chemicals such as alkali, acid in combination with surfactants. The chemical method of cleaning the sewer is less effective than mechanical, as it does not always help, but it is attractive for simplicity and accessibility, since it does not require a tool and does not need to disassemble the sewerage system. Chemicals can be used as improvised, and special.
Removing clog with soda
Each house always has soda and table vinegar. To clean the sewer with a help of soda and vinegar, you need to fill the floor of a packet of soda in the sink funnel of a bath or sink, and then pour half a glass of vinegar table and close the funnel with a cork.
After fifteen minutes, when the abundant foam formation ceases, you need to open a little tap to let the water flow in a thin trickle for five minutes. Thus, water slowly pushes the solution of soda and vinegar through the sewer pipes, allowing the chemicals to clean them as much as possible from the clogging.
Cleaning with special chemicals
Special chemicals designed to remove blockages from the sewage system are sold a great variety. Here are the most popular tools, time-tested.
Selena Antisora. It is produced in granules, made on the basis of soda. The best budgetary tool for cleaning sewage pipes, but it takes an hour to clean up the blockage.
Chirton "Clean watercourses". It is produced in granules and made on the basis of soda and sodium nitrate. It costs a little more than Antisazor, but it only takes 15 minutes to clean the sewer.
Mole. Produced by many manufacturers and is the most popular among the population. The composition of the Mole includes: 60% sodium hydroxide and potassium, 10% acetic acid and 10% surfactant. It is inexpensive, but it works slowly, it takes up to two hours to clean it.
Bugs Pothan. Very expensive, but quick-acting agent based on caustic soda and surfactant. To clear a strong fat or soap block, it takes no more than three minutes.
Sewer cleaning by mechanical means
Compared to the chemical method of sewage cleaning, the mechanical method is more reliable (it allows to remove any kinds of blockages), free (in case you clean yourself) and fast. To perform mechanical cleaning of the clog you will need a plunger or steel plumbing flexible cable.
Hydraulic cleaning using a plunger
Hydraulic cleaning of sewer pipes is carried out using a plumbing tool called Vantuz. Despite the simplicity of the device, the vantuz is very effective for cleaning local blockages.
Particularly it should be noted that the hydraulic method of cleaning with a plunger effectively works if all drain holes in plumbing fixtures installed prior to blockage are closed. For example, an overflow hole in the bathroom or sink, which is located at the top of the vertical wall. If this is not done, then it is impossible to create pressure in the sewer pipe to push through the blockage.
The photograph shows the plunger in the working position. The Vantuz consists of a rubber cup-valve and a wooden or plastic handle fixed in it.
At the end of the valve there is a flange, ensuring its tight fit to the surface of the bath or shell. The flange itself is elastic and, with the pressure on the handle, its bottom moves to the level of the flange, thereby squeezing the water out of the valve into the sewer. Extruded water presses on the blockage and destroys it.
To clean the clog with a plunger, it is necessary to fill the plumbing fixture with very hot water so that the valve, after installing it on the drain funnel, is covered with water with a reserve. This is necessary in order to be able to fill the bowl of the valve with water when cleaning the sewer.
Now it remains only by grasping the handle of the plunger intensively several times to move it vertically downwards - upwards, and after the last pressing sharply lift upwards over the water. This operation must be repeated several times.
If the blockage has collapsed, then after lifting the plunger, the water with the whirlpool will promptly go into the sewer pipe. If you can not eliminate the blockage with the help of a plunger, then you will have to resort to a chemical method or use a plumbing steel flexible cable.
Cleaning with plumbing steel flexible cable
If attempts to clean the sewage system with a plunger and chemical means did not lead to the removal of the gap, then it would be necessary to resort to a plumbing steel flexible cable. With the help of a cable, you can quickly remove any blockage. The length of the cable should be half a meter more than the length of the lagoon, so that it is possible to completely clean the entire pipe and push the garbage into a vertical sewer pipe.
A plumbing steel flexible cable, this device is used to remove or destroy mechanical obstructions in sewer pipes. The photo shows a cable I've been using for many years. Wire rope from steel wire in the form of a spring. At one end of the cable is fixed the handle, which allows it to rotate when entering and leaving the sewer pipe. At the other end, a device is usually attached, allowing the cable to pass through the obstruction and push or grab the accumulated debris.
Bought by me, even in the Soviet era, a plumbing cable, did not have any device at the end. Therefore, I bent back the last coil of the spring and fastened to it two screws using a screw and a nut, as shown in the photo. As a result of this refinement, the cable began to perfectly clean the settled fat and debris from the walls of the sewer pipes and reel in the hair, which is the main cause of blockages.
The scheme of the sewerage system in my apartment is close to the scheme given at the beginning of the article, and the kitchen sink is connected to the sundeck of the sewage outlet. Therefore, regardless of where the litter formed blockage, I clean the entire lounger from the point of connection of the siphon kitchen sink. At the same time, all other places are cleared, where it is quite possible that clogging has also started.
The photo shows a siphon attached to a kitchen sink. As you can see, the siphon is connected to the sewer with a flexible corrugated pipe. To seal the connection, a rubber ring is installed. Therefore, in order to disconnect the siphon from the sewage system, simply take out the corrugated pipe from the sewer pipe, remove it and fix it so that it does not interfere with cleaning the sewage system.
Sewerage I made from cast-iron pipes, as then there were no plastic pipes. On the advice of professional plumbing, the entrances for connecting the siphons of the sinks to the sunbed I made in the form of a piece of pipe, about 30 centimeters long. Thanks to this solution, when cleaning the sewer pipe, water and dirt do not flow out of it to the floor.
Cleaning the sewer with a cable must be carried out by two people. First, the cable is stretched to the full length, and so that loops do not form when it rotates, you must always keep the cable in a tightened state. One person runs and moves the cable into the sewer system, while the second man rotates it with the help of a handle. First, the cable is pushed into the sewer pipe practically without rotation, the main thing is that the end of the cable reaches the sewer pipe. If the end of the rope is resting on something, then the intensity of rotation should be increased, while moving the rope along the "principle backward step - two steps forward" with "step length" 1-2 cm.
When the end of the cable reaches the sewer pipe, it is necessary to open a hot water tap in any of the sanitary ware, for example a sink or a bath, so that the water carries off the dirt that has been removed from the pipe. The hotter the water, the better the adhering fat will be washed off the sewer. Further, by intensively rotating the cable by the handle, it must be done very slowly, so that the accumulated dirt can be cut off from the entire inner surface of the sewer pipe and be pulled out of the sewer pipe.
To prevent dirty water from entering the floor, remove the cable while cleaning with a cloth. As you can see in the photo, the bed, designed to protect the bottom of the washing cabinet from contamination with a cloth, remained clean after cleaning the sewer.
The photo clearly shows what a large bunch of hair with dirt was removed from the sewer. You can remove it from the cable with a knife. It is desirable to perform the cleaning operation twice.
After connecting the siphon drain pipe to the sewer, it is necessary to fill the sink with hot water to the edges and open the drain funnel. This is necessary in order to remove scraped out dirt from the section of the sewage pipe along which water has not flowed during cleaning. You will be surprised at the speed with which the water leaves the sink.
How to reduce the risk of blockage
The domestic sewage system is designed to drain contaminated wastewater and easily soluble in water. Based on the purpose of sewerage, it becomes clear that to reduce the risk of frequent blockages in the sewage system, water-insoluble wastes from human life can not be released.
To prevent large amounts of food waste from entering the sewer system, a grill is usually installed in the siphon watering can. But such kind of garbage as used tea or coffee sealing, stalks of greens, small potato or other clearings, the earth, sand, hair the lattice will not detain. Therefore, we must try to prevent such wastes from entering the sewerage system. Children from an early age should be trained in the rules for the operation of sewerage systems.
If done in apartment repair with the use of cement-sand mixtures, you should not wash the tool stained in the solution under the faucet in the sink. The tool should be washed in a separate container and after the sand is deposited on the bottom, the water should be carefully drained into the sewage system and the sludge sent to the trash can. Especially dangerous is getting into the sewerage of large fragments of tile or brick.
To create a blockage in the toilet or bidet, you need to try very hard, because the drain pipe has a diameter of about 8 cm. To exclude the lump of the toilet, it is inadmissible to throw in it any large insoluble debris, for example rags, cotton wool, baby diapers and pads, watermelon and similar crusts . Then in the toilet there will never be a clogging of the drain pipe.
As you can see, to exclude frequent clogs of the domestic sewage system and to clean it, in case of blockage, is not at all a difficult matter that any domestic master can do.
The elimination of sewerage clogging by one's own hands was and remains a topical issue. Once, Uncle Vasya's plumbing, far from always sober and efficient, did not reach for him, but on the floor in the meantime flowed and flowed. Now quite qualified masters for calling are, when it has not yet reached the floor, but, sorry, the tariffs ... Meanwhile, any obstruction of the residential sewage system and most of the local malfunctions on the site is quite possible to eliminate yourself. The work on self-cleaning sewer pipes will go much easier, easier and cleaner if the means for its implementation are chosen in accordance with the nature of the clogging and the location of its location in the sewage system.
What kind of blockage?
How to eliminate the obstruction of sewerage in the home, depends primarily on its nature. In order of decreasing the frequency of occurrence of household sewerage clogs, the following types are encountered:
- Fatty cork - fat-cemented kitchen remnants and household dirt particles;
- Hair, animal hair;
- Piles of textile lint;
- Foreign insoluble in water or swelling objects and substances: coins, badges, food scraps, paper, fabrics; in the local street sewerage - plant roots rooted in the pipes;
- Solid deposits on the walls of pipes;
- Abundant fecal masses and toilet paper.
Note: Bitumen springs are sometimes formed in sewer wells with not intensive drainage; plumbers say - "the hat has risen". The cap is removed manually by a scoop, and the residual dirt after it is cleaned with a cable.
Fatty cork develops within 1-5 days, the passability of the sewage system gradually decreases. If, while the drains still leave, let hot water run for 5-15 minutes, the patency is improved, but then falls again. The symptoms of hair and pile clog are similar, but they develop more slowly, up to 3-4 weeks. Hair, as a rule, can be seen on the drain drain. If the water trap (siphon) is not cleaned from the hair, but simply pierced with a plunger, hair blockage provokes the formation of a dense, extensive and difficult to remove fat plug.
The obstruction of foreign objects develops suddenly. Complete or, more often, partial obstruction of the canalization after that remains fairly stable for a long time until the pile meets the obstacle and / or the fat plug is formed. Most often occurs in systems of old pipes, with a diminished from the deposits the lumen of the pipes.
Bad because of the deposits in the pipes, the permeability of the sewage system develops very slowly, for years, so that the tenants, as a rule, manage to get used to it, but can cause disgusting accidental feces by feces. Fecal clog occurs suddenly, most often in 3 cases. The first is that when a toilet connected to the old sewage system is used intensively by a large number of people, for example, during a crowded celebration with abundant food. The second - under the same conditions, foreign objects entered the system and got stuck in the riser. The third - without mind the ingenious neighbor from below has put in a riser a pin-catcher. Which, by the way, is strictly forbidden and threatens him with serious sanctions, in addition to compensation for damage to the victims.
Where is the blockage?
The cleaning of the sewage pipes is considerably facilitated and gives less dirt to the outside if the means and methods for it are chosen in accordance with the alleged location of the blockage:
- Fatty cork can occur anywhere; most often in the kitchen. If the owners decided to save money on the siphon for washing and made a water trap for it, curving the U-shaped regular flow corrugation, the regular appearance of fatty plugs in it is guaranteed. Also - in a lounger under the tap on the sink, if the slope of the pipe is less than 2 cm / m or more than 5 cm / m. Also at the joints of pipes, if the sewage system with sealing is not done correctly, see below. Cork from kitchen residues is usually easily punched with a plunger or eliminated by chemical means, see below. To push through a cork provoked by other contaminants, it is necessary to use a cable most often, because aggressive chemistry in the pipe in this case, you need to pour so much that it will damage the pipe and / or cause leaks at the joints.
- The hair is collected in the siphon of the bath, they must be removed from there when the first signs of a blockage with a snake cable appear, see below.
- The pile accumulates with the hydraulic seal of the washing machine, or, if there is no separate drain from it, the bath or washbasin sink. A radical remedy to eliminate clogging of the pile, as well as to avoid further consequences of it - put a bucket under the siphon, unscrew the staff clear hatch on it and remove the contamination with a snake.
- Fecal obstruction is localized in the hydroshirt of the toilet bowl, the fan tee or the lower part of the riser. If the toilet faience, and the faucet and the cast iron stand, clean the toilet from the blockage, without risking becoming a kind of its contents, can be modern means of chemical sewage cleaning. Otherwise (any plastic) you will have to use a cable in a plastic shell with a plastic ruff or a self-made sparing cord (see below).
- Small solid objects (coins, brooches, earrings, etc.) can settle anywhere. In this case, break through the blockage, and even remove the object, often with a cable with a conventional spiral attachment. Large objects often have to be pushed to the exit of the lounger in the riser or removed (septic) by a cable with a nozzle a smooth sliding knife (in plastic pipes) or a shark's knife tooth (in cast-iron). For nozzles for a plumbing cable, see below.
How to clean off fat
Punch fatty plugs only with a plunger is undesirable, because on the walls of the pipes remains a touch of fat and over time a difficult-to-remove old cork is formed. Therefore, by pushing the plug with a plunger (if possible), clear the blockage in the sink completely necessary, completing the chemistry and washing.Sewage cleaning from fatty contamination begins with the farthest from the riser devices. If the sink in the kitchen is double, first clean the farthest from the common sink in the lounger sink; drain at the same time securely choke the stopper or improvised means (rag, etc.). It is also necessary to damp the drain and overflow of the bath.
If the washer is drained stationary, its hose should be disconnected from the additional siphon pipe, and the pipe must be damped, or bend the hose in half and tie it up tight (but not squashing!). In general, the best way to avoid getting into the wastewater drains with a blockage is to equip a separate drain for it with a 700-850 mm long crook and a water trap. Even more reliable, but more troublesome - to release the sink of the washing machine into the tub or sink.
In the process of cleaning, firstly open the hatches of siphons, starting with the kitchen, and their contents are released or raked into the bucket. Then the hatches are closed and chemistry is applied in the same order, according to the instructions to the tool or to the homemade description (see below). After that, the system is washed with hot (50-60 degrees) water at the rate of a bucket per meter of pipe length, counting with drains from the appliances.
Means and adaptations
It is possible to clean the sewer pipes yourself. ways:
- Ultrasound.
- Chemical - with the help of purchased or improvised reagents.
- Hydropneumatic - vantuzom.
- Mechanical - plumbing cable with a nozzle. Options - a cable in the cleaning machine and a snake-snake cable for hair and nap.
Ultrasound
About 30 years and even 20 years ago ultrasonic cleaning of pipes seemed a panacea for sewerage: ultrasound, any contamination was broken into the smallest suspension, freely passing through the pipe. However, it soon became clear that ultrasound not only quickly spoils any pipes and causes leakages of joints, but it also has a very harmful effect on people's health. Now ultrasonic cleaning of pipes is used only in industrial conditions while observing strict safety measures.
Note: if you once bought an ultrasonic washing machine and have not yet gotten rid of it, consider - ultrasound washing quickly wears out not only your things, but also your health.
Chemistry
Chemistry simply and without accompanying dirt eliminates not the old and not large fatty plugs, i.e. the most frequent kind of blockages. But any chemical agent from blockages is very aggressive. Advertising statements about their harmlessness for pipes do not believe. For example, Mr. Muscle seems to be a reliable remedy for a proven manufacturer. But, we read on the label - "... dissolves ... including hair". However, the hair consists of keratin, which is chemically stronger than almost any plastic, except for high-pressure polyethylene and fluoroplastic. On the composition, the active substances and the forms of release of chemical agents for cleaning the sewage system, see next. video.
Video: about the means for punching pipes and their composition
Note: relatively potent means of cleaning from the fat plugs of plastic pipes showed itself Pothan. But with its use, a large amount of dirty foam is released, which is on a sink / tub of acrylic or PVC can leave indelible marks.
Regularly clean the sewage system by chemical means, without planning every 5-7 years its repair with the replacement of pipes, possibly only if the system is cast iron, and the joints are strung with linen cord on paraffin or in lead sewers. Cast iron under the action of acids and alkalis is passivated: a dense film of persistent chemical compounds forms on its surface. Sulfuric acid was once transported by rail in cast-iron cisterns.
By hand tools
Clean the blockage in the pipes with fat more often than not, without resorting to purchased chemistry. In addition, homemade chemicals for cleaning sewage pipes are mostly more sparing, and some are generally harmless for pipes and joints. Minuses of homemade chemistry - waiting for cleaning should be from half an hour (sometimes up to a day), and 100% efficiency is not guaranteed. In order of increasing chemical aggressiveness, it is possible to clean the sewer with improvised means. ways:
- Any dishwashing detergent does not affect the system at all. Fresh plug pierces within half an hour; per day approx. in 50% of cases, chronic.
- Soda - less effective than before, with systematic use of PVC pipes.
- Soda and salt - works better before., But worse than synthetic washing. The pipes and joints affect both the pred.
- Soda and vinegar - on the strength of the action is comparable with the best branded products, however pipes and appliances (sinks, tub) made of PVC can spoil when used once, acrylic and propylene spoil when systematically. Spoils and cast iron: removes the surface film from it.
Washing
To clean the sewer from the grease with a dishwashing detergent is possible if its patency is negligible (barely percolates) or even absent. In the sink, hot water is poured in such a way that 2-3 cm remain to the edge. Then, a detergent is started from the bottle just above the drain of thin, half-spiced thickness. If his trickle goes into the drain - well, quickly cleaned. In this case, periodically allow the detergent, and when a good run-off takes place, hot water is let in for 5-10 minutes, adding a detergent. Then, during 3-5 minutes, give abundant rinsing with hot water.
If the obstruction is complete, the detergent is allowed to flow over the drainage until its pool is formed under the water. Leyte does not regret, it will not be worse. Then they wait. For half an hour with fresh contamination and a day with an outbreak, a loud smack is heard and water pours into the pipe. Now you need to rinse, as in the previous. the case.
Soda and salt
In the sink pour a glass of baking soda or a glass of soda and a glass of salt. A little bit for a short time start up hot water, so that the reagents passed to a blockage. Then wait for half an hour-hour and start up hot water. Passes - washed, as in the previous. the case. No - a little bit weak, you need to apply another.
Soda and Vinegar
In the sink pour 3/4 glass of soda (150 g) and pour 150 ml of table vinegar. The stock is immediately tightly closed with a stopper or plugged with a rag and wait 15-30 minutes, making sure that the cork / plug is not squeezed out with foam. Then rinse abundantly with hot water.
Pneumatics and Mechanics
Hydropneumatic and mechanical methods of cleaning the sewerage (see Fig.) Complement each other: the plunger is used for primary cleaning or when the cable will not pass. By the way, keep in mind: plumbing cables are available in diameter from 2.5 mm. The cable is rotated during the cleaning operation.
Vantuz
It is possible to clean the sewage system with a plunger by pumping and water hammer. The latter method is more effective, but it is applicable only for plastic sewerage, assembled on quality cuffs. After cleaning with a plunger, the sewage system must be cleaned with chemistry or a cable and rinsed.
How to pump a blockage with a plunger, it is known: the cap of the plunger closes the drain, lets the water out until it covers the hood, and pumps with a force of 20 or more times. Then tear off the hood, lifting its edge. If the litter is swollen, the water will go to a run with noise.
When cleaning with a water hammer, they act in the same way. Then, lifting the edge of the hood, run under it water, which is noticeable on the emerging bubbles. Then abruptly, with force, press vertically on the handle, again run under the hood of water, and do so 5-6 times with intervals of 10-30 seconds.
Note: The plunger with a high and soft corrugated cap for hydrostatic cleaning is not suitable.
Hydropneumatic and pneumatic antiviants are now being produced for pumping with a hydraulic shock, see Fig. However, the sewerage system in which they are applicable must be assembled in full compliance with the specifications and when tested, it is tested under pressure.
Cable
The plumbing cable for plumbing should be taken in a PVC sheath (preferably in Teflon) and with a soft ruff, top left in Fig. If you have a local sewage system on site, then instead of the cable it is desirable to get a manual cleaning machine, on the lower left. Both are inapplicable if a water trap with a drain from a thin-walled plastic corrugation (on the right in Fig.), Even if the siphon is a U-knee that is obviously traversed by a cable. In this case, you must first clean the siphon, disconnect the drain from the tap and then start the cable.
To clean the blockage in the bathroom from hair or stylalki from the nap, use a flat snake cable, see next. Fig. The device is one-time: on application the snake with the captured muck is thrown out. The cleaning-snake can be done with your own hands, spilling a plastic bottle in a spiral. At one end of the homemade snake, a ring is cut for grasping with a finger, and incisions at an angle of 45 degrees are made with side cutters.
Cable-rope
A good sanitary technician is not cheap, and at home it is difficult to completely disinfect it. However, an excellent plumbing cable is obtained from ... a coaxial cable for cable television and long segments of high-speed computer networks. A twisted pair, by the way, is not good - it does not stand the rotation.
The homemade sanitary technician from the cable must, first, be equipped with a spiral nozzle from the compression spring (with a sparse coil). Spring wire - 2-2.5 mm in diameter. Its ends need to be ironed by the nafile, and free it is also very desirable to pull round pliers on a shallow cone.
The inner diameter of the spring should be slightly less than the diameter of the cable. Tension the spring on the cable, rotating against the coiling of the turns (who are familiar with the weapon - like the return spring of the bolt on the barrel of the PM). Then the coils of the spring when navorachivanii go and she climbs on the cable, and if the spring is released, tightly wrapped around it. On the cable should sit at least 8-10 turns of a spring for a length of at least 7 cm; leave 3-5 turns left.
Then you need to finally fix the spring nozzle and provide it with a soft, non-damaging plastic, but wear-resistant shell. To do this, in a suitable dish (for example, a disposable beer glass beaker), the silicone sealant is squeezed out so that it can be completely dipped into the end of the cable with a spring. Silicone diluted to the consistency of yogurt or kefir, adding a little bit of table spirit (not apple!) Vinegar and stirring. The end of the cable is dipped into the sealant several times, after each dipping drying with a household hair dryer.
After that, it remains only to pass the cable-rope into a steel or rigid plastic tube and attach a handle to its free end. With such a cable it is possible to pierce even the runoff to the sinking of the country sewerage with a length of 34 m (!), And the pipe lies in the ground with a kink of 120 degrees (!!!).
About roots in pipes
Of course, against the roots sprouting into the sewer pipes, the cable with an irreplaceable nozzle is useless. However, it is possible to prevent roots from germinating in pipes if they are collected with silicone sealing. The rollers of the extruded sealant should not be in the pipe, otherwise they will become clogged. Ie, we need to collect the runoff from the cesspool / septic tank to the house: we apply a sealant to the cuff, insert the cuff into the nipple. Apply the sealant to the end of the trail. pipe, insert it into the cuff, etc.
How to be with a riser
Poor patency of the overgrown sewer riser from the inside entails emergency and very dirty clogs. However, do not rush to develop more than 5 thousand rubles. with an apartment on, start a house in the devastation, be deprived for quite a long time of convenience and then spread even more for the renovation of the bathrooms. First, fix the old cast-iron riser: if it is not emergency, it will be better to clean it from the plaque. Cast iron, in addition to high corrosion resistance, also has excellent anti-acoustic properties. What does not mean emergency? Whole, without cracks, fistulas, rust stains, traces of production on it of welding and / or metalwork and with dense, non-flowing joints.
To clean the sewer pipe, you need a cleaning machine with a set of nozzles; it can be rented or hired by a master owning one. If the house is higher than 3-4 floors, then the manual machine can not cope anymore, you need to use a mobile machine on the frame, manual or electric. Initially, the riser passes (from the roof to the basement) with a 4-blade serrated knife, and is cleaned with a smooth sliding, see Fig. After cleaning, rinse with a hose with spray nozzle, on the right in Fig. Cleaned in this way, the cast iron riser will certainly serve as much as before. There are many houses with well-functioning cast-iron risers 100-120 years old.
In order to remedy the failure of the sewage system, it is first of all necessary to know how it functions and because of what clogs can occur.
The main elements of the sewage disposal system are sewage pipelines that connect sanitary facilities with a main riser (in a multi-apartment building) or with a sewage collection and treatment system (in a private homeowner). This pipe system does not represent a flat line, but includes turns and connecting elements on which the normal movement of waste water slows down.
Toilet blockage - photo
As far as service, sewer pipes, especially those made of cast iron, build up on the inner surfaces with a corrosive coating that inhibits the normal flow of water and accumulates debris in the waste water. Day after day, such a small dung can become a full-fledged blockage.
Serious obstruction in sewer pipes - photo
Please note that in the case of an independent design of the sewage system, it is necessary to calculate its configuration so that more or less free access is available to the most vulnerable places of the sewage pipelines. So, in particular when installing an external sewage system in private households, it is necessary to provide for the construction of inspection hatches or wells in all places where the street pipe makes a sharp turn.
If there is any large element in the sewage stream, for example, a randomly thrown into the toilet bowl, this element can catch on unevenness of the internal surface of the sewage system. After a short time, it accumulates in smaller particles and blocks the normal course of the runoff.
In addition, clogging in the sewer can occur after the pipes hit substances that change their properties under the influence of cold runoff temperatures. A classic example is a cold fat from a kitchen sink or dishwasher. Upon contact with cold runoff it freezes, forming outgrowths on the inner surface of the pipes. Gradually, this build-up can completely cut off the sewerage cross-section.
The main methods of removing the obstruction in the sewage system
The main causes of blockages in sewer systems dictate the most popular ways of eliminating such faults:
- Revision and reorganization of sewerage system. As an extremely cardinal solution, it can be recommended for frequent blockages in old pipelines.
- Mechanical elimination of blockage - is used when forming a foci of blockage from a solid object.
- Chemical cleaning of sewer pipes - is used when forming on internal surfaces of pipe layers that can be destroyed by aggressive solutions.
But remember that you do not have to learn any of the ways to clean the sewer system, if you use it correctly: do not throw large things into it and do not pour into it liquids that can cause a congestion.
Check and clean siphons
The first barrier in the way of various littering objects in your plumbing devices is the siphon. It is a device that performs two functions:
- Creates a water barrier, which prevents the penetration of unpleasant odors from sewage into residential premises. The water slide constantly updates, a new portion of water enters it after each use of plumbing.
- Also, the siphon has a kind of trap that holds up heavy fines, preventing them from entering the sewer pipe.
If you find that water is stagnant in your sink or bathroom, then at the initial stage it is necessary to check the siphon capacity. This device is very easy to remove and disassemble - all its components are fixed to each other on threaded connections. When disassembling the siphon, some water may pour out of it - so do not forget to put a basin under it or put a rag at the worst.
1 step - check the siphon for clogging
After disassembling the siphon, you will immediately be able to determine whether there is clogging in it, preventing the passage of sewage. Remove foreign objects and flush the siphon in a bucket of water or under a flowing jet, then assemble the entire unit in reverse order.
We perform chemical cleaning of sewage
The next type of clogging, the order of elimination of which we disassemble, is the formation of layers on the inner surface of pipes that can be removed using aggressive liquids.
In the hardware stores a wide range of such solutions or powders is sold, but before you pour some infernal mixture into your canal - start with the simplest solvent - with hot water.
Many sections of the sewage system can be clogged with fatty layers, which are elementarily dissolved by the action of hot water. But when using this method, remember that some types of plumbing devices are very sensitive to the effects of boiling water - they can just split from them. To prevent such trouble - first heat the equipment by pouring on it not boiling water, but simply hot water. By the way, heating clogged sections of sewage pipelines can also be a good way to get rid of clogging. But do not overdo it - plastic sewer pipes, which are widely used in modern systems - can melt under the influence of high temperature.
After hot water, the following is the usual solution of soda in the rating of "killing" in relation to the clogs. Mix sachets of soda with a bucket of water and pour this mixture into a device that poorly passes water. An alkaline solution can act on clogged areas and remove obstacles.
And finally. At the last stage, you can use purchased industrial tools. When buying them, be sure to study their composition and recommendations for use. Otherwise, the prepared solution can not only dissolve the obstacle to wastewater, but also disrupt the tightness of the connections of the sewage pipelines.
Eliminate mechanical blockages
Whatever the chemical solution is, some of the causes of the clogging in the sewage system are not removed. It was a mistake to think that a solution of soda would eliminate the floor rag, negligently run down to your toilet. And here we will be helped by mechanical ways to eliminate blockages.
Let's start with the simplest tool, which is certainly available in every house - a plunger. This is a fairly simple device - a rubber hemisphere on the handle. The principle of its operation is based on the transfer of pressure on water. Water, as is known, is incompressible, and if by rhythmic jolts put pressure on the water stagnant in the sink or in the toilet - it will be transmitted through the water to the place of the blockage and push its cause further down to the main pipe or simply destroy it.
Use vantuza can be complicated by the fact that on the way to the site of the clog there will be branches of the sewer system. As a result, you will press on the water in the sink, and it will splash in the next bathroom. In this case, we will be helped by a plumbing cable.
The plumbing cable is also not the pinnacle of technology and innovation. This is the usual piece of a metal cable, at one end of which is attached a L-shaped handle, and on the other is attached a sharp tip or a spiral nozzle. Such a nozzle allows you to use a plumbing cable not only as a battering ram, knocking out blockages, but also as a hook, which can get a jammed object from the depth of the sewage system. This is very convenient, because in some cases, it is simply impossible to push the stuck cause of the blockage to the main sewage system.
It is quite easy to use a plumbing cable. It is advisable to insert it into the sewerage section, which is already following the siphon. After placing the tip in the tube with one hand, push the cable, and the other rotate the L-shaped handle. The cable will be screwed into the pipe, repeating all its bends, until it rests against the cause of the blockage. After that, either destroy the formed obstacle, or pull out the cause of the blockage from the pipe.
Also, to clean the sewer can be a piercing device, which is a slightly modified plunger. In its device there is no hemisphere, and a piece of dense flat rubber is put on the handle. Such a device is placed directly into the pipe and creates pressure, betraying it to the water in the pipe.
As you can see, it is quite easy to eliminate clogging in the sewage system. To do this, you can use improvised or widespread materials, which can be found literally in any home.
To finally remove all questions: how to remove clog in the sewer - look at the training video.