General requirements for the design of hotel complexes. Design Requirements for a hotel building

1 area of use

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 General provisions

5 Requirements for hotel building sites

6 Requirements for space-planning and structural solutions of hotel buildings

6.1 Requirements for hotel buildings

6.2 Requirements for a residential group

6.3 Requirements for public premises

6.3.1 Reception and lobby areas

6.3.2 Catering establishments

6.3.3 Premises of consumer services and trade

6.3.4 Business premises (business center)

6.3.5 Premises and structures for physical culture and recreation purposes

6.3.6 Premises for cultural and leisure purposes

6.3.7 Administration, service and production premises

6.4 Durability and maintainability

7 Ensuring sanitary and hygienic requirements

8 Engineering equipment

9 Energy saving

10 Fire safety

Types of car maintenance in motels

Rules for calculating the area of a hotel room, hotel rooms, total, usable and estimated areas, retail area, building area, construction volume, number of storeys, height and depth of hotel buildings

Types of hotel rooms and their percentages

Minimum area of hotel rooms (excluding the area of the bathroom, loggia, balcony)

Minimum bathroom area in hotel rooms

Minimum capacity of hotel catering establishments

Composition and area of hotel administration premises

Composition and minimum areas of service and utility premises of hotels

Minimum illumination of hotel premises by artificial light sources

Automated complexes, communication and information systems provided for hotels

Requirements for land plots

Space-planning solutions

Regulatory requirements for numbers

Requirements for service premises

7.2. Requirements for hotel buildings and structures

Design stages:

Basic principles taken into account when designing and constructing a hotel building:

The hotel must have a sign that can be seen from a sufficiently large distance (illuminated with an emblem). For example, the HAAGA hotel, located on the outskirts of Helsinki, has an illuminated sign that can be seen from a distance of 2000 m.

The hotel must have an entrance for guests, separate from the service entrance, with a canopy that allows arriving guests to immediately exit the car or bus onto the area in front of the hotel, protected from wind and rain), an air-thermal curtain. The entrance to the restaurant must be from both the hotel and the street. A secure parking lot (or garage) is required. The number of places is proportional to the number of rooms for hotels - 10%, 20%, 30%, for motels - 80%.

Hotel design is carried out on the basis of regulatory and advisory documents. The content of these documents varies by country and by hotel chain.

The hotel project regulates the volume of the building, built-up area, construction costs, materials, structures, engineering equipment, catering facilities, additional services for residents, indicates the number of beds and rooms, as well as the ratio of beds placed in rooms of different capacities.

Identifying the need for hotel accommodations appears to be a difficult problem. To solve it, you should have appropriate methods, know the factors influencing the current demand in hotel places, and anticipate future changes in demand and supply. The need for hotel places depends on the number and capacity of rooms, attractiveness for tourists, the existing supply of hotels in the region and the degree of their occupancy, existing trends in the number of guests staying in hotels. Important guidelines in calculating the one-time capacity of hotels are the dynamics of population income, the importance of the region, features of regional development, business activity, the entertainment and recreation industry, and the transport system.

The hotel interior must have aesthetic and artistic expressiveness and meet the functional purpose of the premises. The means of enhancing the expressiveness of the internal space of equipped premises are color and lighting solutions, and the characteristics of the materials used. More than 200 types of finishing materials are used in hotel construction. Along with natural lighting systems (top, side, mixed), there is an artificial lighting system.

During the technical operation of a hotel building, periodic inspection of its elements (basements, walls, roof, etc.) is carried out. It is necessary to prepare for the seasonal operation of the building, as well as timely carry out current and major repairs of the building and engineering equipment.

To successfully attract guests, an accommodation facility of any level must have its own corporate identity.

Design work applied to capital construction projects is distinguished by its rigor and breadth of coverage of operational aspects. Hotel-type buildings are especially complex from a planning point of view, since the development of technical specifications in this case requires multifactor architectural and engineering analysis. This is primarily due to the requirements of safety standards. But in general, hotel design should be guided by the normative document SNiP.

The characteristics of a land plot often determine the properties of the construction site. Therefore, the parameters of the work site should be assessed in advance. If we talk about mandatory rules, the zone must have free access and be located away from environmentally hazardous areas and industrial facilities. The geodetic properties of the areas for which hotels are being designed are also taken into account. The standards in force for residential buildings, and in particular section II-L.1-62 of SNiP documents, can be taken as a basis in the development of this part of the design measures.

In addition to the general engineering and technical capabilities of the site, it is important to assess the local infrastructure potential for development. This is primarily transport provision. As noted in the rules, for every 10 rooms, architects must provide space for at least 1 car in the parking area. If we are talking about 150 places, then hotel projects are designed to provide access and parking for one bus.

Mostly planning work concern the development of technical solutions for rooms and utility rooms. One of the main regulatory rules in this part is that hotel rooms cannot be located below the above-ground level. At the same time, on the ground floors, the hotel layout may include the placement of a storage room, a hairdresser, a consumer service point, a pantry, a laundry room, a dining room, etc. Storage and work plumbing units can be equipped at the level of the basement tiers.

Special requirements apply to the planning of elevators, cooking, procurement and technical premises. It is important that hotel design provides the greatest possible insulation protection for such objects within the building. This is especially true for rooms in which power propulsion units, motors, pump stations and garbage chutes operate. Developers must provide effective means vibration and noise reduction. The project provides recommendations for the selection of appropriate insulating materials.

From a planning point of view, there are two categories of rooms. There are no clear divisions between these groups. But in terms of characteristics, the second category surpasses the first in area. On the other hand, the rooms of the first group provide more technologically advanced utility equipment. So, for such apartments, the number of rooms is from 1 to 2. In this case, the total area varies from 9 to 22 m2. As for the engineering equipment, the room receives a full-fledged plumbing unit with a washbasin, toilet, bidet, bathtub and shower.

The second category, as a rule, provides 1 room and up to 4 beds. varies from 9 to 18 m2. Obviously, there is not much useful space in such an environment. Therefore, such rooms are provided with limited plumbing equipment. Only one washbasin can be installed in the room.

Most of the premises intended for serving guests are cafes, canteens, buffets and snack bars. The main thing in designing such facilities is taking into account the number of clients, which is based on the total load of the establishment. Specific numbers are indicated in the standards. They regulate the design of the hotel. SNiP numbered clause 3.25, in particular, indicates that the area of the premises for a hotel with a capacity of 50 people must be at least 50 m2. At the same time, there are other service points. They have slightly different requirements. Thus, the area of a hotel office accommodating the same 50 people may already be 12 m2. In addition, architects must provide in the design space for organizing workshops, a vestibule group, a locker for storing hand luggage, etc.

Approved by order of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation dated October 20, 2016 N 724/pr

Set of rules SP-257.1325800.2016

"HOTEL BUILDINGS. DESIGN RULES"

Buildings of hotels. Regulations of design

Introduction

This set of rules has been developed in development of SP 118.13330 in accordance with federal laws, and.

When developing a set of rules, the previously existing territorial regulatory and technical documents in this area were taken into account, as well as the requirements of the codes of fire protection system rules, the provisions of current building codes and codes of practice, domestic research experience and design practice.

The set of rules was implemented by JSC "TsNIIEP Dwellings - Institute of Integrated Design of Residential and Public Buildings" (work supervisor - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prof. S.V. Nikolaev, scientific supervisor of the work - Candidate of Architectural Sciences, Prof. A.A. Magai, responsible executor - Candidate of Architects, Associate Professor N.V. Dubynin, performers - Candidate of Architects A.O. Rodimov, Yu.L. Kashulina, T.G. Petlakh).

1.1 This set of rules establishes requirements for the design and construction of new, reconstructed and overhauled hotels and hotel complexes (including hotels that are part of buildings for other purposes), as well as requirements for the organization of sites of these facilities.

1.2 This set of rules applies to the design and construction of hotels with a capacity of more than five rooms, a height of up to 50 m and an underground depth of up to 15 m.

1.3 This set of rules applies to the design and construction of hotels, including aparthotels, suite hotels, resort hotels, boutique hotels, motels (hereinafter referred to as hotels).

1.4 This set of rules does not apply to the design, construction and reconstruction of hotels and hotel complexes with a capacity of five rooms or less and other collective and individual accommodation facilities defined by GOST R 51185, as well as located in non-permanent (mobile) buildings.

This set of rules uses regulatory references to the following documents:

GOST 12.1.004-91 System of occupational safety standards. Fire safety. General requirements

GOST 28574-2014 Corrosion protection in construction. Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Test methods for adhesion of protective coatings

GOST 28575-2014 Corrosion protection in construction. Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Testing the vapor permeability of protective coatings

GOST 30494-2011 Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters

GOST 32613-2014 Tourist services. Tourism services for people with disabilities. General requirements

GOST 32670-2014 Household services. Services of baths and showers. General technical conditions

GOST R EN 13779-2007 Ventilation in non-residential buildings. Technical requirements to ventilation and air conditioning systems

GOST R 51185-2014 Tourist services. Accommodation facilities. General requirements

GOST R 52539-2006 Air purity in medical institutions. General requirements

GOST R 52941-2008 (ISO 4190-6:1984) Passenger elevators. Design of vertical transport systems in residential buildings

GOST R 53770-2010 (ISO 4190-1:1999) Passenger elevators. Main parameters and dimensions

GOST R 55321-2012 Services to the public. SPA services. General requirements

SP 1.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Evacuation routes and exits (with change N 1)

SP 2.13130.2012 Fire protection systems. Ensuring fire resistance of protected objects (with amendment No. 1)

SP 3.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Warning and management system for evacuation of people in case of fire. Requirements fire safety

SP 4.13130.2013 Fire protection systems. Limiting the spread of fire at protection facilities. Requirements for space-planning and design solutions

SP 5.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design standards and rules (with change No. 1)

SP 6.13130.2013 Fire protection systems. Electrical equipment. Fire safety requirements

SP 7.13130.2013 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Fire requirements

SP 8.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Sources of external fire-fighting water supply. Fire safety requirements (as amended No. 1)

SP 10.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Internal fire water supply. Fire safety requirements (as amended No. 1)

SP 12.13130.2009 Determination of categories of premises, buildings and outdoor installations according to explosion and fire hazard (as amended No. 1)

SP 28.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.03.11-85 Protection of building structures from corrosion (with amendment No. 1)

SP 30.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.04.01-85* Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings"

SP 31.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.04.02-84* Water supply. External networks and structures" (as amended N 1, N 2)

SP 42.13330.2011 "SNiP 2.07.01-89* Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements"

SP 50.13330.2012 "SNiP 23-02-2003 Thermal protection of buildings"

SP 51.13330.2011 "SNiP 23-03-2003 Noise protection"

SP 52.13330.2011 "SNiP 23-05-95* Natural and artificial lighting"

SP 54.13330.2011 "SNiP 35-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings"

SP 59.13330.2012 "SNiP 35-01-2001 Accessibility of buildings and structures for people with limited mobility" (as amended No. 1)

SP 60.13330.2012 "SNiP 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"

SP 113.13330.2012 "SNiP 21-02-99* Parking lots" (as amended No. 1)

SP 118.13330.2012 "SNiP 31-06-2009 Public buildings and structures" (as amended No. 1)

SP 132.13330.2011 Ensuring anti-terrorist protection of buildings and structures. General design requirements

SP 134.13330.2012 Telecommunication systems for buildings and structures. Design Basics

SP 136.13330.2012 Buildings and structures. General principles of design taking into account accessibility for people with limited mobility

SP 160.1325800.2014 Multifunctional buildings and complexes. Design Rules

SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1076-01 Hygienic requirements for insolation and sun protection of residential and public buildings and territories

SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278-03 Hygienic requirements for natural, artificial and combined lighting of residential and public buildings

SanPiN 2.1.2.1188-03 Swimming pools. Hygienic requirements for design, operation and water quality. Quality control

SanPiN 2.1.2.2631-10 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the location, structure, equipment, maintenance and operating hours of public utility organizations providing hairdressing and cosmetic services

SanPiN 2.2.2.1332-03 Hygienic requirements for organizing work on copying equipment

SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises

SanPiN 2.6.1.2800-10 Hygienic requirements for limiting exposure of the population due to sources of ionizing radiation

SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96 Noise in workplaces, in residential and public buildings and in residential areas

SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.566-96 Industrial vibration, vibration in residential and public buildings

SP 2.3.6.1066-01 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for trade organizations and the circulation of food raw materials and food products in them

SP 2.3.6.1079-01 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for public catering organizations, the production and circulation of food products and food raw materials in them

Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference documents in the public information system - on the official website of the federal executive body in the field of standardization on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and on issues of the monthly information index "National Standards" for the current year. If a referenced document to which an undated reference is given is replaced, it is recommended that the current version of that document be used, taking into account any changes made to that version. If a reference document to which a dated reference is given is replaced, it is recommended to use the version of this document with the year of approval (acceptance) indicated above. If, after the approval of this set of rules, a change is made to the reference document to which a dated reference is given, affecting the provision to which the reference is given, then this provision is recommended to be applied without taking into account this change. If the reference document is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference to it is given is recommended to be applied in the part that does not affect this reference. It is advisable to check information about the operation of sets of rules in the Federal Information Fund of Standards.

In this set of rules the following terms with corresponding definitions are used:

3.3 boutique hotel: A hotel whose room capacity consists of rooms of the highest category with individual interior design.

4.1 The level of comfort of hotels is determined by category, taking into account material and technical equipment and the level of services provided in accordance with. There are six categories: “no stars”, “one star”, “two stars”, “three stars”, “four stars”, “five stars”. The highest category is “five stars”, the lowest is “no stars”.

4.2 The capacity of hotels is established by the design assignment. Recommendations for determining the need for hotel accommodations are given in.

In accordance with GOST R 51185, depending on the number of rooms, hotels are divided into:

For large rooms (over 200 rooms);

Medium (from 51 to 200 rooms);

Small (from 16 to 50 rooms);

Mini (from five to 15 numbers).

4.4 Newly built and reconstructed hotels must provide access for people with limited mobility in accordance with SP 59.13330.

The number of hotel rooms intended for disabled people is established by the design assignment, taking into account 6.2.6.

4.5 Hotel buildings may be built on with one attic floor taking into account the requirements set out in SP 118.13330 and regulatory documents on fire safety.

4.6 Hotel buildings must provide measures to protect residents, workers and visitors from criminal acts, taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330 and SP 132.13330.

5.1 Accommodation of hotels must comply with the requirements of GOST R 51185, SP 42.13330, master plans and design projects for the planning of functional territories of cities and settlements.

5.2 The area of the site for the hotel is established by the design assignment.

The hotel site includes:

Living sector;

Parking areas passenger cars and excursion buses;

Economic zone isolated from the residential zone;

Green spaces with landscaping elements;

Internal driveways and pedestrian sidewalks, etc.

The dimensions of bus parking spaces are given in.

For small and mini-hotels, it is allowed not to provide a parking area for excursion buses.

5.3 The need to place sports and children's playgrounds on the site, as well as winter gardens, greenhouses, green parterres and other recreation and leisure areas is established by the design assignment.

When placing sports and playgrounds on the site of resort hotels, a comprehensive playground for the disabled should be provided, taking into account the requirements of GOST 32613.

5.4 The distance between the hotel and existing, as well as designed residential and public buildings is determined based on calculations of insolation and natural illumination of premises in accordance with SP 52.13330, SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1076 and SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278.

5.5 When designing hotels (except motels), it is recommended to place their sites within walking distance from public transport stops (within a radius of 700 m).

Motels should be located near highways and streets, and the distance from them to the motel building should be at least 50 m.

5.6 The hotel site must be landscaped in accordance with SP 42.13330, GOST R 51185.

External lighting of the hotel building and surrounding area should be provided at night.

5.7 The number of storeys of hotels is taken into account the requirements of land use and development rules, depending on the location of the site and the design assignment.

5.8 When placing hotels on the territory of cultural and historical sites, in buildings that are historical and cultural monuments, it is necessary to comply with the requirements given in, in accordance with the architectural and restoration task.

5.9 When designing hotels on land plots located in protected natural areas (medical and recreational areas and resorts, natural parks, reserves, natural monuments, botanical gardens, etc.), it is necessary to comply with the requirements.

5.10 Approaches and entrances to hotels must meet the requirements of GOST R 51185.

Through passages and passages in buildings and structures at ground or first floor level should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330.

5.11 Entrances to hotel buildings must be equipped with devices for protection from precipitation.

5.12 The loading of public catering establishments and other built-in service establishments should be provided from the side of the economic zone.

Loading and utility areas should, as a rule, be covered, with visual and noise isolation from the residential and public areas of the hotel.

The functional and technological scheme of unloading places is decided taking into account the type of vehicles delivering products.

5.13 Garages and parking lots at hotels should be designed taking into account the requirements of SP 113.13330 and SP 42.13330.

5.14 The parking area is determined taking into account the required number of parking spaces and their dimensions accepted in accordance with SP 113.13330.

5.15 The number of parking spaces depending on the hotel category is accepted at least 20% of the number of rooms for hotels of categories up to “three stars” inclusive and at least 30% of the number of rooms for hotels of categories from “four stars” inclusive.

For motels, the number of parking spaces is accepted to be at least 50% of the number of rooms.

Parking should be provided for passenger cars of service personnel of at least 10% of the number of employees.

5.16 For disabled people the following should be provided:

Individual parking lots, as close as possible to the entrance to the hotel, at least 5% of the total number of parking spaces (but not less than two), dimensions according to SP 59.13330;

Devices (ramps, lifts, etc.) ensuring accessibility for public areas of the building and site in accordance with SP 59.13330 and SP 136.13330.

5.17 The number of spaces in the parking lots of hotels that include food, trade, cultural and mass establishments open to outside visitors should be increased taking into account the capacity of these enterprises, but not by more than 20%.

5.18 For service facilities built into hotel buildings that are available for use by the public, additional open parking lots should be provided for temporary storage of cars in accordance with the requirements of SP 42.13330.

5.20 It is necessary to provide an area for short-term parking of a car at the main entrance to a hotel of the following categories:

Up to "three stars" - for one car;

- “three stars” and higher - based on the simultaneous placement of at least five cars.

5.21 In the underground and ground floors of hotels, it is allowed to place parking lots for storing and parking cars, provided that a non-residential floor is located between the parking lot and the floor with residential premises.

5.22 In hotels at cargo terminals and other hotels serving freight vehicle flows, parking lots (staying points) for freight vehicles should be provided, the number of spaces for which is established by the design assignment.

5.23 On motel sites, depending on the category and capacity, it is recommended to place in separate buildings and structures:

Self-service stations with washing;

Items Maintenance;

Car service stations with a full or incomplete range of maintenance and routine repairs.

5.24 Types of vehicle maintenance in motels should be carried out in accordance with Appendix A.

5.25 The design of structures and devices for vehicle maintenance must be carried out in accordance with the requirements given in the technical specifications, taking into account the category, capacity and location of motels.

5.26 The distance between residential buildings and the parking lot should be taken in accordance with the requirements given in and SP 42.13330.

5.27 On the hotel site there must be specially equipped outdoor smoking areas.

6.1.1 Hotel buildings, their technical equipment and equipment must comply with GOST R 51185.

Hotels must have residential and reception and lobby groups of premises.

Part additional premises Depending on the category and level of comfort of hotels, premises and services of the following groups may be included:

Catering;

Consumer services and trade;

Cultural and leisure purposes;

Business activities (business center);

Sports and recreational purposes;

Administrative, service, economic and production;

Facilities for vehicle maintenance and refueling (motels only).

6.1.2 The rules for calculating the area of a hotel room, hotel rooms, total, usable and estimated areas, construction volume, floor area, height and depth of hotel buildings are given in Appendix B.

6.1.3 The height of residential premises of hotels should be taken in accordance with SP 54.13330, other premises - in accordance with SP 118.13330.

6.1.4 The residential part of hotel buildings must be separated in planning from premises for other purposes.

6.1.5 The placement of residential premises adjacent to premises for other purposes is permitted provided that additional sound insulation is installed in accordance with the calculations.

6.1.6 In the case of hotel premises being located as part of multifunctional buildings, as well as in cases of blocking hotel premises with other enterprises and institutions or residential buildings, hotels must be planned separated, isolated and provided with independent entrances and communications (vertical and horizontal).

For hotels with a capacity of no more than 30 beds in the “one star” and “two star” categories, entrances and communications shared with other enterprises and institutions are allowed.

6.1.8 Rooms must be located in an area of minimal exposure to noise produced by transport and hotel engineering equipment, and be isolated from noise and odors from the kitchen.

Placing rooms in basements and ground floors is not permitted.

6.1.9 When designing hotels with a capacity of more than 100 beds and in hotels of categories “three stars” and above, it is necessary to exclude the combination and intersection of inter-floor utility routes (room cleaning, garbage removal, etc.) and production routes (loading restaurants, warehouses and etc.) with routes for residents and visitors.

6.1.10 When a hotel includes groups of public premises intended to serve the population, isolated entrances from the street should be provided for them.

6.1.11 Entrances to hotels of the four-star and five-star categories must be equipped with sliding or revolving doors, backed up by swing doors and an air-thermal curtain.

6.1.12 The area of the vestibules must be no less than:

6.1.13 Residential premises are not allowed to be designed without natural lighting.

Natural lighting of administrative and service premises located in underground floors, if necessary, should be provided through pits.

Production premises of public catering establishments and meal rooms for staff may be designed without natural light if there are rest rooms for staff.

6.1.14 Hotel atrium spaces should be designed in accordance with the requirements of SP 160.1325800.

6.1.15 Operable hotel roofs should be designed taking into account SP 160.1325800.

6.1.16 Passenger elevators are provided in hotel buildings:

6.1.17 When placing rooms for people with limited mobility on the second floor and above, an elevator for their transportation must be provided regardless of the number of floors of the building.

6.1.18 One passenger elevator in the elevator unit must ensure the possibility of using it by disabled people in wheelchairs, as well as for transporting a person on an ambulance stretcher.

6.1.19 The width of the elevator hall of passenger elevators should be taken in accordance with SP 118.13330.

When using an elevator by disabled people in wheelchairs, the dimensions of the cabin and the width of the elevator hall in front of it are specified according to SP 136.13330.

6.1.20 The number of passenger elevators is determined taking into account the carrying capacity of the elevators and the waiting time, which in hotels of the four-star and five-star categories and in motels of the four-star category should not exceed 30 s, in hotels of the three-star category - 45 s.

The number of elevators should be calculated in accordance with GOST R 52941.

6.1.21 Passenger elevator shafts should not be adjacent to the living rooms of the rooms. Adjacent placement with administrative premises is possible provided that additional sound insulation is installed in accordance with the calculations.

When elevator halls are adjacent to rooms, it is necessary to ensure regulatory parameters for noise levels, provided that additional sound insulation is installed in accordance with the calculations.

6.1.22 Exits from passenger elevators should be designed through elevator halls (with the exception of the main boarding floor), which should be separated from corridors and other rooms by partitions with doors in accordance with the requirements given in fire safety regulations.

6.1.23 The number of elevator users is determined at the rate of 1.5 people per room in hotels of the three-star category and above and two people per room in hotels of the two-star category.

6.1.24 The elevator machine room should be located on technical floors or on the roof.

6.2.1 The group of residential premises includes: rooms, floor-to-floor service premises, public premises (halls, children's rooms, etc.).

6.2.2 Rooms can be designed as part of either one living room, or supplemented with a hallway and a bathroom.

It is allowed to combine two or more adjacent numbers, as well as to create offices at the numbers - representative offices of companies.

In superior rooms with three or more rooms, dressing rooms with an area of at least 6 m2 should be provided in the sleeping areas.

6.2.3 Types of hotel rooms and their percentage depending on the hotel category should be provided in accordance with Appendix B.

The minimum room sizes are given in Appendix D.

6.2.5 Availability of a bathroom in the room (sink, toilet, bath or shower) in accordance with mandatory:

For hotels of the "one star" category - in 25% of the rooms (the requirement is not mandatory for small and mini-hotels, for hotels located in buildings that are cultural heritage sites);

The minimum areas of bathrooms are given in Appendix D.

6.2.6 The layout and equipment of at least 5% of residential rooms should be universal, taking into account the accommodation of any categories of residents, including the disabled. For such rooms, the area should be increased by 20% and the equipment requirements according to SP 59.13330 should be observed.

In hotels that have shared bathrooms located on floors for rooms without bathrooms, special bathrooms (one each for men and women) for wheelchair users should be provided, designed to turn around the wheelchair and equipped with a toilet, washbasin and shower with drain.

6.2.7 Superior rooms (suite, apartment, deluxe) should be designed as two or more living rooms with an additional bathroom.

The composition of other additional premises and equipment, including kitchen equipment, is established by the design assignment.

6.2.8 It is allowed to include rooms for servants in the apartments.

It is allowed to design apartments on two levels.

6.2.9 The width of the rooms must be at least 2.4 m. The width of the hallways must be at least 1.05 m.

6.2.10 In rooms and living rooms, it is allowed to install loggias and balconies with a fence height of at least 1.2 m. The width of balconies must be at least 1.2 m, loggias - 1.4 m.

6.2.11 Internal staircases of rooms must comply with the requirements of SP 54.13330. Stairs may be made of wood with winder steps.

The construction of internal staircases, service and evacuation entrances to two-level rooms should ensure the bringing in/out of large furniture and the change of internal equipment during repairs.

6.2.12 Floor service premises may consist of a floor administrator’s room, a room for duty personnel, a room for cleaning and ironing clothes, a shoe shine room, a room for storing clean and dirty linen, storage rooms for cleaning equipment and storage rooms for maids’ carts, a serving room, and common bathrooms for living in rooms without bathrooms and bathrooms for staff.

The minimum composition of the floor service premises can only be represented by the duty personnel room.

A specific set of floor service premises is established by the design assignment.

6.2.13 Floor service premises should be blocked, providing one block for 30 beds in five-star hotels; for 40 seats - “four stars”; for 50 seats - “three stars”; for 60 places - "two stars".

6.2.14 Floor service premises:

It is allowed to be located across the floor in hotels of the "one star" and "two star" categories;

Should be located on each floor in hotels of categories "three stars" and above.

6.2.15 In accordance with the regulations, smoking in hotel buildings is permitted only in special isolated rooms that are equipped with ventilation systems and marked with special signs.

The smoking room must be isolated with a door or similar device that prevents contaminated air from entering adjacent rooms.

The smoking room must be at least 8 m2 in area, equipped with ashtrays, artificial lighting, a fire extinguisher, and information materials about the dangers of smoking.

During the cold season, the air temperature in the smoking room should be at least 16°C.

Smoking rooms are located next to the floor maintenance room.

6.2.16 When centralized delivery of food to rooms, a connection must be ensured between the main catering unit dispensing unit and the residential part of the hotel along service corridors, stairs, elevators or using special lifts.

The halls are used for relaxing, watching TV shows, gathering groups, etc.

The purpose of the halls and their equipment are established by the design assignment.

6.3.1.1 In the lobby of hotels with a capacity of 15 rooms or more, a reception and accommodation area (registration of guests and paperwork) should be allocated with the installation of public telephones; for hotels of three-star categories and above, a waiting and rest area should be provided in this area.

6.3.1.2 In the hotel lobby, according to the design assignment, there should be a gathering area for organized groups, information, installation of ATMs and retail kiosks, entrance to catering and consumer services, and a communication area (with elevator halls).

Partial combination of functional areas is allowed without disrupting the lobby communications system.

6.3.1.3 For hotels of the three-star category and above, if there are rooms not equipped with safes, it is necessary to provide individual safes for storing valuables in a separate room adjacent to the space behind the check-in counter. The area of this room is recommended to be from 8.0 to 12.0 m2, depending on the capacity and categories of hotels.

6.3.1.4 For large hotels, a rest room and a bathroom are provided for service employees located behind the registration desk.

6.3.1.5 A smoking room should be provided in the lobby for smoking tourists. Requirements for its equipment are given in 6.2.13.

6.3.1.6 Near the check-in counter (planned to be isolated from the main traffic flows of guests and new arrivals), a seating and waiting area is provided.

6.3.1.7 Near the main entrance in the lobby there should be a security post for two duty officers with an area of 6.0-8.0 m2.

6.3.1.8 A luggage room (luggage room), intended for storing luggage, is usually located at the lobby and is equipped with shelving.

The luggage area is taken from 10.0 to 20.0 m2, depending on the capacity of the hotels. Next to the luggage room there will be a room for storing luggage trolleys at the rate of 2.0 m 2 per 100 beds in hotels.

6.3.1.9 In the hotel lobby there are separate bathrooms for men and women, with one toilet and one washbasin for women and one toilet, one washbasin and one urinal for men for every 100 seats.

6.3.1.10 In the lobby of hotels of four-star categories and above with a capacity of more than 50 seats, trade kiosks or shops are located, the range of which is determined by the design assignment. Their location should not interfere with the free movement of the main human flows in the lobby and guests in the rest and waiting area.

6.3.1.11 In the lobby of hotels of categories “three stars” and above, premises for copying equipment and information services (Internet access, telefax, etc.) should be located.

Premises for operational printing and duplicating equipment are provided taking into account the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.2.1332.

Services for ordering tickets for intercity transport, to entertainment enterprises and museums, booking rooms in hotels in other cities, etc. are usually located behind the registration counter.

The capacity, composition, location and sites of all service premises of the hotel are specified in the design assignment.

6.3.1.12 When organizing entrances to public premises of hotels (restaurant, cafe, bar, conference room, business center, etc.) from the lobby, a wardrobe of outerwear with an area of 0.1 m2 per one hanger hook is arranged in the latter, taking into account total capacity of public premises.

6.3.1.13 In hotels of the four-star and five-star categories, rooms for doormen and luggage porters are provided in close proximity to the lobby or at the lobby and a bellhop room at the service desk. The area of such rooms should range from 8.0 to 16.0 m2, depending on the capacity of the hotels.

6.3.1.14 A storage room for cleaning equipment and equipment is provided at the rate of 2.0 m2 per 100 m2 of the vestibule.

6.3.2.1 Boutique hotels and hotels with 50 rooms of two-star categories and above should provide catering facilities.

6.3.2.2 Catering establishments can be designed to serve both residents and non-residents of the hotel (closed or open-type establishments).

In hotels of categories "three stars" and above, in the case of using open-type catering establishments, separate entrances should be provided from the street, and for hotel residents - from the lobby.

6.3.2.3 The design of catering establishments located in hotels should be carried out taking into account the recommendations.

The minimum permissible areas of premises of the main functional groups of premises are given in.

6.3.2.4 Indicators of the capacity of hotel catering establishments are given in Appendix E.

6.3.2.5 In hotels of two-star categories and above, staff dining rooms and buffets should be provided based on the simultaneous minimum occupancy of 30% of the largest shift in the dining rooms and 20% in buffets, in hotels of the one-star category - 20% and 10%, respectively.

6.3.2.6 For catering establishments located in hotels, it is recommended to provide a utility entrance, unloading area and garbage container.

6.3.2.7 For the main production of food establishments with a number of places of more than 20, loading rooms should be provided (if necessary, with landing stages).

The unloading area should not be located under the windows of the rooms. A canopy or canopy should be provided over the unloading area.

6.3.2.8 If the size of yard areas is limited, it is permitted to install built-in waste containers designed to accommodate no more than two containers.

6.3.2.9 When locating public catering establishments above residential areas of hotels and in open areas, it is necessary to provide noise protection for residential premises and surrounding residential buildings.

6.3.2.10 Daytime bars should be located in the lobby, lobbies, lounges and restaurants. Night bars should be located in areas isolated from the residential area of hotels.

6.3.3.1 For hotels of the three-star category, a hairdressing salon should be provided, and for hotels of the four-star category and above, a hairdressing salon with a beauty parlor, rooms for massage, manicure and pedicure, etc.

6.3.3.2 The number of workplaces in the hairdressing and beauty salon is determined by the design assignment.

The hairdressing salon should provide premises for visitors of at least 10.0 m2, a women's room with an area of 8.0 m2 per workplace, and a men's room with an area of 6.0 m2 per workplace.

The area of the beauty salon should be at least 12.0 m2.

In addition, utility rooms and storage rooms are provided for hairdressing salons.

6.3.3.3 The design of a hairdressing salon and beauty salon must be carried out taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2631.

6.3.3.4 In hotels of categories "three stars" and above (except for mini-hotels), there should be a point for accepting orders for consumer services (express service for washing, ironing and dry cleaning of clothes, accepting orders for minor repairs of shoes, clothes, watches, mobile phones, cameras , video cameras, etc.).

6.3.3.5 The capacity of order acceptance points is accepted according to the design specifications, but not less than 12 m2 for a hotel capacity of up to 300 beds and 18 m2 for hotels with a larger capacity.

6.3.3.6 The area of trade kiosks and stores is determined according to the design specifications.

6.3.4.1 For hotels of categories "four stars" and above, the premises include premises for business activities and meetings.

6.3.4.2 The group of premises for business activities may include: business center; representative offices of companies; business meeting rooms and meeting rooms; exhibition and showrooms with expositions; auxiliary premises (communication services, duplicating equipment and computers, machine bureau, translators, etc.).

The specific set of premises is determined by the design assignment.

6.3.4.3 It is recommended to design business center premises taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330.

6.3.5.1 The composition of the premises of a sports and recreational center or a sports and recreational group of premises is adopted according to the design specifications. This may include:

Multi-purpose hall for physical education and recreational activities;

Hall for women's recreational gymnastics;

GYM's;

Table tennis room;

Pool for recreational swimming;

Dry heat bath (sauna);

Medical Center;

Lounge areas with bar;

Sports equipment rental;

Auxiliary premises, service, administrative, household, technical and utility premises serving the sports and recreation center.

6.3.5.2 In medium and large hotels of the four-star category, a sauna should be provided, in hotels of the four-star category and above - a sports and fitness center with a gym, in hotels of the five-star category - a swimming pool with a sauna.

The requirement does not apply to hotels located in buildings that are cultural heritage sites or located on the territory of a historical settlement.

6.3.5.3 The one-time capacity of a sports hall or gym is assumed to be no less than 10% of the hotel capacity, saunas - no less than 1%.

6.3.5.4 The dimensions of swimming pools for recreational swimming located in hotels are taken in accordance with the design specifications.

When using a swimming pool, there must be a nurse's office with an area of 9.0 m2.

The design of swimming pools should be carried out taking into account the requirements given in SanPiN 2.1.2.1188.

Note - See also.

6.3.5.5 It is recommended to place dry heat bath (sauna) premises in conjunction with a swimming pool for recreational swimming. The capacity of the sauna and the need for a mini-pool are established by the design assignment. The capacity of the sauna should not exceed 10 people.

Saunas should be designed in accordance with the requirements of SP 118.13330, GOST 32670 and GOST R 55321.

6.3.5.6 In hotels of categories “four stars” and above with a capacity of up to 500 beds, a medical room with an area of 12 m2 should be provided in the premises for physical culture and recreation purposes; for hotels with a larger capacity, additional medical rooms should be provided.

The location of the medical center in hotels with a capacity of no more than 300 beds should ensure the possibility of its use by staff, as well as by hotel residents.

6.3.5.7 It is recommended to provide recreational facilities for those involved in the physical culture and health center. The area of the recreation room is determined based on 25% of the simultaneous capacity of the center (or its parts) of 3 m 2 per person, but not less than 24.0 m 2.

The need to place a bar in a recreation room and its capacity are established by the design assignment.

6.3.5.8 In physical education and health centers and groups of premises for physical education and health activities, men's and women's locker rooms are provided with a capacity for 100% of the students. It is recommended to take the area of changing rooms at the rate of 1.8-2.1 m2 per student.

6.3.5.9 The composition and area of auxiliary and technical premises, the design of coverings and the height of sports and recreational facilities should be taken in accordance with the requirements given in SP 2.13130, SP 59.13330, SP 118.13330.

Note - For more information, see .

6.3.5.10 When using the physical culture and health center by non-hotel residents, a lobby with a cloakroom and a cash desk is provided in front of the center on the street side. For hotel residents, the entrance to the fitness center is provided from the hotel lobby or the halls of the lower floors.

6.3.5.11 When the hotel’s fitness and health center operates autonomously, utility rooms for technical personnel and office premises for administrative and engineering personnel, as well as workshops and storage facilities are provided.

The composition of these premises and their area are accepted according to the design specifications, depending on the capacity of the sports and recreation center and its engineering and technical equipment.

6.3.5.12 The physical culture and health center must provide places for exercise for disabled people living in the hotel, in accordance with SP 59.13330 and regulatory documents containing requirements that take into account the needs of disabled people.

Note - See also.

6.3.5.13 Natural lighting in the halls for sports and recreational activities and the swimming pool is accepted in accordance with SP 52.13330 and SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278.

6.3.6.1 The composition of the cultural and leisure center of hotels is determined by the design assignment.

It is recommended to provide a cultural and leisure center in conjunction with a physical culture and health center and (or) a business center with a multi-purpose hall that can be used for concerts, discos, film screenings, etc.

6.3.6.2 The areas of cultural and leisure premises, their equipment and technological support should be taken in accordance with SP 118.13330.

6.3.6.3 The dimensions of halls for sports entertainment [bowling alley, squash, billiards], requirements for their equipment and lighting are taken according to the design specifications and taking into account.

6.3.6.4 Availability and area of the hall computer games and the number of playing places is established by the design assignment, taking into account the norm - 4.5 m 2 per playing place.

6.3.6.5 For resort hotels of categories "four stars" and above with a number of rooms of 50 or more, as part of the cultural and leisure group of premises, premises for serving children with an area of at least 30 m2 with natural light should be provided.

6.3.7.1 Administration premises should be grouped on the first floors outside the main flow of residents.

6.3.7.2 The composition and area of administration, service and production premises are accepted according to the design assignment in accordance with SP 118.13330 and.

6.3.7.3 Motels provide an office for the chief mechanic for vehicle maintenance.

6.3.7.4 Central linen rooms should be placed next to the linen lines (if any).

6.3.7.5 Painting workshops and paint warehouses should be designed only with separate exits to the outside. Paint and varnish materials must be stored in sealed containers, and the weight of an individual storage unit (container) should not exceed 50 kg.

In hotels with a capacity of 300 beds or more, hatches, landing stages, gates, and unloading areas should be provided in the carpentry workshop and warehouse area, taking into account the visual and noise protection of the residential and public areas of the hotel.

6.3.7.6 In hotels with more than 200 service personnel, a canteen for staff and a first-aid post are provided (a single first-aid post for residents and service personnel in hotels with a capacity of up to 300 beds is allowed).

6.3.7.7 In hotels that have premises (as well as staircases) with a height of more than 5 m, a storage room (zone) for a mobile (collapsible) platform (tower) for changing lamps and repairing lamps should be provided.

6.3.7.8 Basement and basement premises may be used for storage, utility and service premises.

6.4.1 Preservation of the strength and stability of load-bearing structures of hotel buildings should be ensured in accordance with SP 118.13330.2012 (section 9).

6.4.2 Elements, parts, equipment with service lives shorter than the expected service life of the building should be replaced in accordance with the turnaround periods established in the project.

6.4.3 Structures and parts must be made of materials that are resistant to possible influences of moisture, low temperatures, aggressive environments, biological and other adverse factors, or protected from their influence in accordance with the requirements set out in SP 28.13330, GOST 28574 and GOST 28575.

7.1 Sanitary and hygienic requirements should be adopted for residential premises in accordance with SP 54.13330, for public premises - in accordance with SP 118.13330, retail establishments - in accordance with SP 2.3.6.1066, public catering - in accordance with SP 2.3.6.1079.

7.2 The volume of residential premises of hotels (rooms including the front room) must be at least 15 m 3 per resident.

7.3 The air exchange rate in the room should be no less than:

Microclimate parameters for other residential premises of hotels should be taken according to SP 60.13330 and taking into account the optimal standards of GOST 30494:

The need to maintain humidity is determined by the design specifications.

7.4 Air quality in public premises should be ensured in accordance with GOST 30494 and GOST R EN 13779.

7.5 Acceptable microclimate and air conditions in production premises (rooms with technological processes) are accepted in accordance with the requirements set out in SanPiN 2.2.4.548.

Indicators of the microclimate and premises for visitors must comply with the hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises.

7.6 The design air temperature and air exchange rate in heated parking lots should be taken in accordance with SP 113.13330.

7.7 For hotels of categories “three stars” and above, it is necessary to provide forced ventilation systems that ensure air circulation and prevent the penetration of foreign odors into public and residential premises.

7.8 In residential and public areas of hotels, dust collection must be possible (wet cleaning, dry cleaning using hotel vacuum cleaners or centralized dust removal systems).

7.9 Protection from internal noise sources (engineering equipment, parking lots, built-in autonomous heat supply sources, air conditioning systems, etc.) must ensure standard noise levels in accordance with the provisions of SP 51.13330 and SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.562.

7.10 In residential premises of hotels, vibration from external and internal sources should not exceed the values regulated by SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.566.

7.11 The oxidation of air in residential and public premises of hotels should be no more than 6 mg O 2 /m 3 .

The concentration of carbon monoxide in hotel premises should not exceed the MPC values (0.002 mg/l), carbon dioxide - 0.1%, ammonia - 0.2 mg/m3, benzopropylene - 0.005 mg/m3.

It is allowed to ozonate the air in residential and public premises and clean them from carbon dioxide.

7.12 Hotel rooms and premises with permanent occupancy must have natural lighting in accordance with the standards set out by SP 52.13330, taking into account the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278.

Without natural light, there may be auxiliary premises for various functional purposes (corridors, lobbies, halls, utility rooms, assembly halls; conference rooms, lecture halls and lobbies; sales areas of stores; salons for visitors of consumer service enterprises; demonstration, sports demonstration and sports entertainment halls and skating rinks; rooms for instructors and coaching staff; massage rooms, steam rooms, as well as dry heat baths; parking spaces, pantries, GYM's, billiard rooms, squash rooms, bowling alleys, as well as other rooms that may not have natural light in accordance with SP 118.13330).

7.13 The minimum illumination of hotel premises with artificial light should be taken in accordance with Appendix K.

7.14 Residential premises of hotels must be protected from ionizing and non-ionizing radiation from external and internal sources in accordance with SanPiN 2.6.1.2800.

7.15 In areas where there is no quality assurance drinking water, in hotels it is necessary, and in motels it is recommended to use centralized or room-by-room systems (installations) for additional purification and magnetization of water or ensure the availability of bottled clean drinking water.

7.16 The decoration of hotel premises must be resistant to disinfection.

7.17 In the construction and decoration of the main premises of hotels, environmentally friendly and safe materials that have passed hygienic certification and have a certificate of conformity should be used.

The finishing materials, fittings, fittings and control devices used must exclude the possibility of injury.

7.18 An assessment of the environmental friendliness of design solutions for hotel buildings should be carried out in two areas:

a) environmental friendliness of living conditions and production activities of personnel;

b) the impact of the building on the environment (devices and measures to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, for example, installing filters, cleaning sewage from parking lots, car washes, and food production processes).

8.1 Buildings should provide drinking, fire and hot water supply, sewerage and drains in accordance with SP 30.13330, SP 31.13330, SP 8.13130 and SP 10.13130.

Heating, ventilation, smoke protection, air conditioning should be designed in accordance with SP 7.13130, SP 60.13330, GOST 30494, GOST R 52539.

8.2 The engineering equipment of hotels with a capacity of more than 15 rooms, built into buildings for other purposes, attached or built-in, must be independent from the engineering equipment of these buildings.

8.3 Engineering parking systems for hotel cars should be provided in accordance with the design assignment and taking into account the requirements of SP 113.13330.

Separate water supply networks should be provided for built-in parking lots.

8.4 In hotels of categories “four stars” and above, provision should be made for the operation of engineering systems from at least two separate sources. All heat exchangers and pumping equipment must have a reserve of at least 100%.

8.5 In hotels that do not have water and heat supply from two different sources, it is allowed to provide emergency water supply tanks for all or part of the types of water consumption, as well as the installation of emergency hot water preparation systems.

8.6 Porches, rooms with wet cleaning of hard floor coverings or wet processes, bathrooms of hotel rooms, etc. must have devices for water drainage according to the design specifications. To protect against injury, floor coverings in these rooms should be matte.

8.7 Open laying of sewer risers in hotels is not allowed.

8.8 It is not allowed to place drainage funnels above residential rooms. Drainage risers may be allowed to pass through in the room area, provided that the risers are serviced from the corridor side

8.9 In hotels of categories "four stars" and above, air conditioning must be provided in dining rooms and production areas of public catering establishments, as well as supply and exhaust ventilation in other service areas.

8.10 In hotels of small capacity, the use of ventilation systems with natural urge.

In other hotels, if there are no air conditioning systems in the building as a whole or in its individual parts, supply and exhaust ventilation with mechanical exhaust ventilation should be provided in all main rooms, and in the lobbies, halls, hall complex, pool hall, dining rooms of catering establishments with a number of seats more than 50 - with mechanical provision of inflow.

8.11 Ventilation systems for conference rooms, catering establishments, halls for physical education and recreation, swimming pools, cinema rooms, battery rooms located in hotel buildings must be separate from the ventilation systems of other rooms in these buildings.

8.12 Air conditioning of residential premises of hotels must have devices for local regulation or programming of heat and humidity parameters.

8.13 For hotels above three floors with a capacity of more than 100 beds, garbage chutes should be provided (in the absence of a pneumatic garbage disposal system).

In hotels with a capacity of over 500 beds and hotels of categories "four stars" and above, centralized dust removal (vacuum cleaning system) from residential and main public areas should be provided.

8.14 Electrical supply and electrical equipment of hotel buildings should be designed in accordance with the requirements set out in and.

8.15 Categories of electrical receivers according to the degree of reliability should be adopted in accordance with the instructions, while hotels of categories “four stars” and above must be provided with the 1st reliability category.

8.16 Hotel baths must be equipped with certified factory-made units.

8.17 In hotels with 300 or more lamps, technical rooms should be provided for cleaning and washing electric lamps and temporary storage in containers of used fluorescent lamps of the LB, LD type, etc. at the rate of 6 m2 for every 300 lamps.

8.18 Electrical lighting of hotel premises in accordance with the requirements must be provided in the following groups:

Residential, public, administrative premises, evacuation routes;

Auxiliary premises;

Technical buildings;

Outdoor Lighting.

8.19 When designing telecommunication systems for engineering and technical support of hotel buildings, one should be guided by the requirements of SP 134.13330.

8.20 In hotel areas and in hotel buildings, a system of illuminated or illuminated signs for entrances, directions of movement, parking places, names of halls, food establishments, etc., as well as signs for fire hydrants, evacuation routes, hotel addresses on the facade, etc. should be provided.

8.21 Emergency lighting should be provided for the reception service, central control center (CDC), communication center, electrical switchboards, fire service security posts within 5% of working lighting. Evacuation lighting for hotels should be provided in accordance with SP 52.13330.2011 and the requirements.

8.22 In hotels and motels with a capacity of 300 or more beds, it is necessary, and for smaller capacities, it is recommended to provide for dispatching of engineering equipment systems with the creation of a central control room.

8.23 The dispatch system for engineering equipment must provide constant monitoring and remote control(DU) ventilation and air conditioning, heat supply and water supply (including hot, fire and drinking water), sewerage, refrigeration, fire protection, electric lighting, elevator equipment and etc.

8.24 To ensure control and regulation of hot and cold water supply systems (including fire protection), sewerage, heat supply, ventilation, cold supply, fire protection, elevator facilities, instrumentation and automation equipment should be provided. It is also recommended to use digital programmable systems and devices that record adjustments and emergency situations in memory, including the ability to print out characteristics and protocols of these processes.

8.25 Hotel rooms of categories “three stars” and above must be equipped with security alarms, which in hotels of categories “four stars” and above should be supplemented with an indication of whether the room is occupied and the presence of residents in the room.

8.26 The nomenclature of automated complexes, communication and information systems in hotels should be adopted in accordance with Appendix L.

8.27 Vertical transport means (elevators, etc.) should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330.

8.28 The load capacity of passenger elevators for hotels, their speed, the dimensions of cabins and doorways (including those accessible for wheelchair users), as well as shafts and engine rooms should be taken in accordance with GOST R 53770.

9.1 The design of architectural, functional-technological, structural and engineering solutions for hotel buildings should be carried out taking into account the requirements for the efficient use of energy resources and ensuring the internal microclimate of the premises on the basis of, and in accordance with SP 50.13330.

9.2 When designing thermal protection, it is necessary to take into account the requirements for energy efficiency and the rules given in and.

9.3 Hotel energy efficiency classes are determined in accordance with SP 50.13330.

9.4 Design of hotels of energy saving classes D, E is not allowed. Classes A, B, C are established for newly constructed and reconstructed hotel buildings at the development stage project documentation. Subsequently, during operation, the energy efficiency class of the building must be clarified during an energy survey. If it turns out to be below class C, measures must be developed to increase it.

9.5 Assignment of energy saving classes A and B to a hotel building is carried out only if the following mandatory energy-saving measures are included in the project:

Construction of individual heating points that reduce energy costs for circulation in hot water supply systems and are equipped with automated systems for managing and accounting for the consumption of energy resources, hot and cold water;

The use of energy-saving lighting systems for common premises, equipped with motion and light sensors;

Application of compensation devices reactive power elevator motors, pumping and ventilation equipment.

9.6 If hotels have atriums, winter gardens and glazed verandas, thermal engineering calculations for them are carried out based on the heat and air balance equations, which are given in.

9.7 Heat consumption systems of buildings that are controlled from heating points should be designed with devices for automatic control of thermal power. Individual heat power regulators should be provided for each air heater of supply ventilation systems.

9.8 Individual direct-acting temperature controllers should be installed at each heating device.

It is allowed not to install regulators in rooms where standby heating is maintained, and reheating occurs with a fan coil, in rooms where three or more heating devices are installed, connected to a separate branch of the heating system, equipped with a group regulator with an external temperature sensor, as well as in staircases.

9.9 Hot water heaters for public, industrial and utility premises should be designed with devices that automatically shut off the coolant flow during non-working hours.

10.1 Requirements for fire resistance of building structures and fire safety of hotel buildings, requirements for preventing the spread of fire, ensuring evacuation, fire safety requirements for engineering systems and equipment of buildings, as well as requirements for fire extinguishing and rescue operations should be taken in accordance with, SP 60.13330, SP 118.13330, SP 1.13130, SP 2.13130, SP 3.13130, SP 4.13130, SP 5.13130, SP 6.13130, SP 7.13 130, SP 8.13130, SP 10.13130, SP 54.13330, GOST 12.1.004.

10.2 Fire protection systems should be controlled from one central control panel.

10.3 To ensure fire safety when constructing atriums, operated roofs and courtyards, the requirements set out in SP 160.1325800 and regulatory documents on fire safety should be met.

Appendix A
(required)

Table A.1

Types of maintenance	Capacity of motels, places
Types of maintenance	No more than 100	From 100 to 200	From 200 to 300	From 300 to 400	From 400 to 500
Self-service station with sink	One post	Two posts	Three posts	Two posts	Three posts	According to design instructions
Maintenance point			One post
Car service station				Three posts	Five posts

Appendix B
(required)

Table B.1

Indicators	Calculation procedure
Hotel room area	The total area of a hotel room consists of the sum of the area of all parts of such a room, including the area of auxiliary premises intended to satisfy citizens' household and other needs related to their accommodation, with the exception of balconies, loggias, verandas and terraces
Hotel room area	Sum of areas of hotel rooms
Floor area, total area of the hotel, usable area, estimated area, retail area (if available), building area, construction volume of the hotel building	In accordance with SP 118.13330
Number of storeys, heights and depths of hotel buildings	In accordance with SP 160.1325800

Appendix B
(required)

Table B.1

Types of rooms and their percentages
Types of rooms and their percentages	"no stars"	"one star"	"two stars"	"Three Stars"	"four stars"	"Five Stars"
Single, double and family triple rooms, no less



Multi-room or connecting rooms*
Multi-room suites*
Multi-room and connecting rooms*
At least 5% of the total number of rooms are “highest category” rooms**
* The requirement is not mandatory for small and mini-hotels. ** The requirement is not mandatory for small and mini-hotels, for hotels located in buildings that are objects of cultural heritage or located on the territory of a historical settlement.

Appendix D
(required)

Table D.1

Room types
Room types		"no stars"	"one star"	"two stars"	"Three Stars"	"four stars"	"Five Stars"
one-room single area, m 2	one-room double area, m 2	"no stars"	"one star"	"two stars"	"Three Stars"	"four stars"	"Five Stars"



Note - Multi-occupancy rooms must have an area of at least 6 m2 for each occupant.

Appendix D
(required)

Table E.1

Table E.1

As a percentage of hotel capacity

Catering establishments
Catering establishments	"one star"	"two stars"	"Three Stars"		"four stars"	"Five Stars"
Restaurants,
including banquet halls
Dining rooms


		According to design instructions
At the lobby
At the restaurant				According to design instructions
For residential floors				According to design instructions
In the sports and recreation complex					According to design instructions
Cultural and leisure center					According to design instructions
Staff canteen

Table G.1

IN square meters

Name of premises	Area of premises for hotels with capacity						Note
Name of premises	up to 50 seats	from 50 to 100 places	from 100 to 300 places	from 300 to 500 places	from 500 to 800 seats	from 800 places	Note
Director's office
Employee break room

Reception
Deputy Directors							Subject to availability of positions
Chief engineer (technician)

Commandant							If there is a position
Human Resources Department

Accounting, including:
Chief accountant's office
Workrooms

Production planning or similar operational planning departments,
including:
Chief's office
Workrooms
Labor and Salary Department							Subject to availability of positions
Logistics Department							Subject to availability of positions
Copying (typewriting) bureau
Offices of the heads of operational services							Subject to availability of positions
Staff development class
Meeting room							It is allowed to hold general meetings in the staff canteen and in the premises of the hall complex

Table I.1

In square meters

Name of premises	Minimum floor areas for hotels with capacity						Note
Name of premises	No more than 50 seats	from 50 to 100 places	from 100 to 300 places	from 300 to 500 places	from 500 to 800 seats	from 800 places	Note
Central control post, including:
Engine room				By calculation
Operating room
Fire station	By calculation, but not less than 15
Repair shop
Premises of the on-duty repair shift
Elevator control room
Communication center, including:
Repair shop
Equipment warehouse
Staff room
Central linen room, including:
Clean linen department
Dirty linen department
Room for dismantling dirty linen
Repair workshop							When separating dirty laundry
Linen department manager's office
Unloading area							If there is no laundry service for bed linen in the hotel
Disinfection service
Cleaning service, including:
Household premises
Cleaning equipment warehouse
Consumables warehouse
Warehouse for gardening tools and harvesting equipment	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	If there is landscaping and road and park area
Workshops, including:
Electrotechnical
Plumbing
Locksmith

Trade and technological equipment
Carpentry
Painting
Artist's room
Warehouse facilities, including:
Reserve linen warehouse
Drapery Warehouse
Material and technical warehouses
Stock Supplies
Furniture warehouse
Technical service warehouses	By calculation						Typically located near repair shops
Warehouse of paints and varnishes	Designed to store no more than 50 kg						With the implementation of the necessary fire prevention measures
Lumber warehouse
Household premises for production personnel	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	By calculation	For the biggest shift; provide toilets and showers
Laundry			By calculation
Household pantries	One or two per floor at the rate of 3 m2 per 100 m2 served public areas

Appendix K
(required)

Table K.1

Name of premises	Minimum illumination, lux, with lamps		Surface to which the standard applies
Name of premises	incandescent	luminescent	Surface to which the standard applies
Rooms (living quarters)			0.8 m from the floor
Lobby
Common living rooms, halls, buffets, bars, etc.
Service bureau, administrative premises, resident service premises			0.8 m from the floor
Main staircases, common corridors, central linen room, workshops, cleaning and ironing rooms
Shared bathrooms, bathrooms in rooms
Shared showers
Staff quarters			0.8 m from the floor
Warehouses			0.8 m from the floor
Technical buildings
* Number in brackets for workshops.

Appendix L
(required)

Table L.1

Complex, system
Complex, system	"no stars"	"one star"	"two stars"	"Three Stars"	"four stars"	"Five Stars"
Security alarm, video surveillance in public areas and corridors of residential floors
Indoor radio broadcasting with the possibility of radio broadcasting in all premises, including elevators
Dispatch (technological) telephone communication system
Telephone connection from the room:
internal (without leaving the accommodation facility) or button to call service personnel in 100% of rooms	(except small hotels)	(except small hotels)
internal (without leaving the accommodation facility) in 100% of rooms			(except small hotels)
internal (without leaving the accommodation facility) and urban in 100% of rooms				(except small hotels)
domestic (without leaving the accommodation facility), city, intercity and international in 100% of rooms
Telephone numbers for public use in public areas:
City, intercity
City, intercity, international
TV program reception system
Internet in all rooms and public areas
Building control and management system
Electric clock system
Security alarm, electronic locks/video cameras in corridors

Bibliography

	Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ " Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures"
	Federal Law of November 23, 2009 N 261-FZ "On energy saving and increasing energy efficiency and on introducing amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation"
	Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements"
	Order of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation dated July 11, 2014 N 1215 "On approval of the procedure for classifying objects of the tourism industry, including hotels and other accommodation facilities, ski slopes and beaches, carried out by accredited organizations"

	Federal Law of December 29, 2004 N 190-FZ "Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation"

	Federal Law of June 25, 2002 N 73-FZ "On objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation"
	VSN 01-89 Automotive service enterprises
	ONTP 01-91 All-Union standards for technological design of road transport enterprises
	Federal Law of February 23, 2013 N 15-FZ "On protecting the health of citizens from the effects of environmental tobacco smoke and the consequences of tobacco consumption"
	Design of catering establishments: Reference Guide to SNiP 2.08.02-89. M.: Stroyizdat, 1992
	SP 31-108-2002 Garbage chutes for residential and public buildings and structures
	SP 31-113-2004 Swimming pools
	SP 31-112-2004 Physical education and sports halls
	SP 23-102-2003 Natural lighting of residential and public buildings
	PUE Rules for the construction of electrical installations (6th and 7th ed.)
	Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 25, 2011 N 18 "On approval of the Rules for establishing energy efficiency requirements for buildings, structures, structures and requirements for the rules for determining the energy efficiency class of apartment buildings"
	STO 01922789-002-2011 Energy efficiency and thermal protection of buildings

Architectural project- this is a part of urban planning documentation containing architectural solutions that comprehensively take into account social, economic, functional, engineering, technical, fire safety, sanitary and hygienic, environmental, architectural, artistic and other requirements for the object.

Functional organization of the building of any hotel complex, first of all, depends on the type of hotel and its capacity.

Capacity hotels is determined by the number of permanent beds. Generally, hotels with fewer than 100 beds are considered small; 100-200 places – medium; more than 200 places – large ones. With an increase in the capacity of hotels, it becomes economically feasible to use more powerful and modern technological and engineering equipment, the utility area is reduced, as well as the area of corridors and halls in relation to the area provided directly to the guests, which leads to a reduction in specific construction costs. At the same time, increasing the capacity of hotels is advisable within reasonable limits, after which hotels become difficult to manage. This limit is generally considered to be about 2,000 seats.

A modern hotel with medium to large capacity and a high level of comfort is complex complex object, which includes a significant number of premises for various functional purposes: residential premises, reception and service, public catering (with a developed composition of production premises and complex technological equipment), premises for cultural purposes, consumer services, administrative, a developed composition of service and utility premises , utility, technical, etc.

Part Some hotels also include premises for business contacts (conference rooms or multi-use halls), business centers, cinema and concert halls, swimming pools, saunas, gyms, bowling alleys, premises for organizing exhibitions, retail establishments, garages, etc.

For effective planning organization The various rooms of the hotel are grouped according to functional characteristics, which make it possible to organize clear technological relationships between them that meet sanitary, hygienic and fire safety requirements, contribute to the ease of operation of the hotel, and also increase the comfort of living in it.

The difficulty of organizing the correct interconnection of various rooms also lies in the fact that hotel residents should not see the daily work of all support services. Functional diagrams hotels are built taking into account the complex technological processes occurring in hotels.

For the functional organization of a hotel, it is essential number of entrances to the building. Hotels with large capacity and a high level of comfort usually have at least 3–4 entrances. Small-capacity hotels are often limited to two entrances to the building (the main one and to the service and amenity premises), as well as a loading and unloading area in the utility yard.

Room structure(number of single, double, suites) depends on the type of hotel, its class, and the market segment in which it operates.

Number of storeys and elevator capacity. Multi-storey structures save area (and, accordingly, cost) of a land plot, but increase the cost of construction, primarily due to elevators.

1. Pre-project proposal (architectural concept). This is the most inexpensive design stage. The customer receives an A4 or A3 album, consisting of 10-15 sheets with the most general information about the future object: general plan sketch, facades, plans, sections (all without detail), 3D computer visualization. This type of work is ordered by those developers who have not yet decided on the volume of construction work, sources of financing, the architectural concept of the future structure, or those who are looking for partners for equity participation in construction.

2. Preliminary design or feasibility studies (EP.TEO) usually include: a situational plan, a general plan, facades, sections, plans with basic dimensions, with the arrangement of furniture or engineering equipment, with the calculation of areas and volumes, with the final solution of architectural and artistic problems. The cost of such a project is usually 15-30% of the cost of a full design.

3. Working documentation - the most complete set of design documentation, including sections: architectural and construction, structural solutions, water supply and sewerage, heating and ventilation, electrical equipment, estimates. The cost of working documentation is 70-85% of the cost of the full design and can be adjusted in each specific case.

Bathroom area, m2, no less (the requirement is not mandatory for hotels located in buildings that are cultural heritage sites)

"no stars"

"one star"

"two stars"

"Three Stars"

"four stars"

"Five Stars"

(area reduction by 5% is allowed)

(a 10% reduction in area is allowed, with the exception of “highest category” rooms)

The building (or complex of buildings) must fit organically into the environment, preserving the features of the urban or rural landscape;
Natural climatic factors, air temperature and humidity, amount of precipitation, wind speed and direction, etc. should be taken into account;
The layout of the building must ensure rational organization of services and appropriate comfort for residents, meet functional requirements (convenience of access to the building, proximity to highways);
The building must comply with aesthetic, technical, sanitary and hygienic, environmental standards. The possibility of reconstructing the building should be considered;
The architectural, constructive and planning solutions of the building must ensure an optimal ratio of the costs of its operation and the income from the provision of services to the hotel enterprise;
When designing a building, advertising considerations play a certain role: ensuring the design of the facade, emphasizing the prestige of the hotel, setting records in a certain direction (the tallest hotel, the most exotic hotel, etc.).

Land area determined by the design assignment or project, taking into account the accommodation conditions, the nature of the urban environment, the functional composition and category of the hotel. When designing hotels and hotel complexes (except motels), it is recommended to place their sites within walking distance from metro stations (within a radius of 700 m). Motels should be located primarily at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road with the largest transit highways in Moscow.

As part of the site must be provided:

landscaped areas in front of the entrances to public and residential premises (at the rate of at least 0.2 sq. m per resident);
parking areas;
areas for temporary parking of cars and buses;
internal through passages, entrances to the main and other entrances to the hotel, entrances to underground garages or parking lots (7.0 m wide for two-way traffic);
a utility area isolated from the guest area, with a passage for freight transport at least 4.5 m wide and with a turntable measuring at least 12.0 x 12.0 m, with vehicle access to unloading areas and landing stages.

Hotel location on the territory of the city is determined as part of or on the basis of the General Plan for the Development of Moscow, urban planning plans for the development of territories of administrative districts, districts, and city territory planning projects.

When designing layout and development hotels should comply with:

intensity of use of the territory, differentiated for the central core of the city, city nodes, highway and interhighway territories;
quantitative ratio of territories or funds for various functional purposes, corresponding to functional planning education;
requirements for the protection of historical and cultural monuments, preservation of historical planning and development;
requirements for protecting the environment and territories of the natural complex (PC);
sanitary and hygienic standards and fire safety requirements.

In case of location of hotel premises as part of multifunctional buildings, as well as in cases of blocking of hotel premises with other enterprises and institutions, hotels must be planned separated, isolated and provided with independent entrances and communications (vertical and horizontal). For hotels with a capacity of up to 30 beds in * and ** categories, entrances and communications shared with other enterprises and institutions are allowed.

As an analysis of the practice of designing and building hotels shows, the residential part is designed with a rectangular, compact, atrium and complicated plan shape. Hotels with a rectangular and complicated plan shape are more common.

The rectangular plan shape is used in hotel buildings of various heights and lengths. Based on rectangular plans, laconic volumes of buildings in the shape of a parallelepiped are usually created. According to some researchers, there is no more efficient building shape than a rectangle of a certain size.

The compact shape of the plan (close to a circle, ellipse, square, triangle) is more typical for multi-storey tower hotels. With this layout, the vertical communications node is often located in the central part of the building. The common floor corridors are not extended; the distances from vertical communications to the entrances to all rooms are relatively small.

Hotels with a compact plan form are suitable for small areas released during urban reconstruction; in areas rich in green spaces, with maximum preservation of these spaces.

The complicated form of the plan has many options: “trefoils”, “crosses”; various curvilinear shapes. Changing the direction of general horizontal communications allows you to avoid the impression of corridor monotony that occurs in long buildings with a rectangular plan. However, with complex curved plan forms, not all rooms are in the same conditions.

The atrium shape of the plan (with a courtyard built around the perimeter) allows you to place a large number of rooms on the floor. Most often, common galleries or service rooms turn into an internal closed courtyard. Sometimes rooms face the courtyard.

In all planning solutions, the main structural element of the residential floor is the number. Based on an analysis of the practice of designing and building hotels, the entire variety of rooms can be reduced to the following main types: - one-room rooms for 1 person; - one-room rooms for 2 people; - one-room rooms for 3-4 people; - rooms with increased comfort of 2 rooms or more (suites and apartments). The most widespread in world practice are one-room apartments for one and two people. In accordance with GOST 28681.4-95, in hotels “1 star” there should be 64% of such rooms, “2 stars” - 80%, “3 or more stars” - 100%. It is considered appropriate that “suites” and apartments should make up 5-8% of the rooms. (3)

A modern hotel is designed to create comfortable conditions for tourists to spend the night and provide them with a number of additional services. Construction and reconstruction of a hotel building requires large investments. Basic principles for the construction of hotel buildings:

1. The building (or complex of buildings) must fit organically into the environment, preserving the features of the landscape.
2. Natural climatic factors, air temperature and humidity, precipitation, insolation, wind speed, etc. should be taken into account.
3. Architectural, structural and planning solutions for the building should not be excessively expensive. The layout of the building must ensure its economical operation.
4. When designing a building, advertising considerations play a certain role: design of the facade, emphasizing the prestige of the hotel; setting records in a certain direction (construction of the tallest, most exotic building, etc.), etc.
5. The layout of the building must ensure rational organization of services and appropriate comfort for residents, and meet functional requirements.
6. The building must comply with aesthetic, technical, sanitary and hygienic, environmental standards and recommendations. The possibility of reconstructing the building should be considered.

Depending on the type of structures and materials of the building, hotels can be frame or block. The number of floors of hotels varies. The more floors, the more difficulties arise when evacuating people in extreme situations, the more Big changes should be provided for in equipment and layout. It is necessary to prepare for the seasonal operation of the building, as well as to carry out routine and major repairs of the building and equipment in a timely manner. (8)

Main trends in hotel design and construction:

· residential and public parts are located in one building, with public premises on the lower floors and residential ones above them. Due to the diverse range of public spaces, especially in hotels with large capacity and high levels of comfort, the built-up area of the lower floors where these spaces are located usually exceeds the built-up area of the residential floor. This type of project is widespread. It allows you to limit the building area, but requires the mandatory installation of a technical floor between parts of the building;
· the residential and public parts of the hotel are located in different but interconnected buildings, with contrasting number of floors and volumetric-spatial characteristics. The residential part usually has a smaller built-up area and a higher number of storeys compared to the public part;
· the residential and public parts of the hotel are located in independent, unconnected buildings. Sometimes this technique is called “pavilion”. It provides the most free solution for each group of premises and a clear functional and structural-planning division of the hotel, however, it requires the largest building area compared to other methods. (4)

The design of a hotel building should be carried out by an architect familiar with the specifics of the hospitality industry - otherwise mistakes cannot be avoided, the fees for which can be very high, and it will be difficult to correct something. (12)

Design includes defining appearance and the shape of the building, the layout of the interior, carrying out calculations in order to create a building that meets the requirements of strength and stability. During the design process, materials and structures that have the necessary properties must be selected, and the costs of labor and materials must be calculated.

The design of a hotel enterprise consists of several stages. Architects strive for the rationality of the structure, its maximum improvement and comfort. It is important to select a site for hotel construction before starting development and ensure its harmonious combination with neighboring buildings. Before starting work, it is recommended to outline at least two possible options for its location and collect information about the microclimate, soil and ground conditions, conditions of transport links and connection to engineering networks. The following must be checked: the absence of enterprises whose waste pollutes the soil, air, and the quality of the foundation from the point of view of seismicity.

After receiving permission from the interdepartmental commission to build the facility, the customer draws up a technical specification and gives it to the architect, whose task is to carefully study the life process of the hotel and its patterns. It is necessary to become familiar with the actual state of the process at a given time and the trends in its development, since each building is designed for a long service life. There are two equally necessary types of preliminary familiarization: studying domestic and foreign experience in the construction of hotel buildings; studying the operation of buildings of tourist institutions, familiarization with the layout of buildings, their equipment and structures.

After studying the technical specifications, if possible, several independent projects are developed, from which the best one is selected in terms of economic, technical and functional indicators. Using approved design proposals, they develop working drawings necessary for the construction organization to carry out the work.

Mass construction buildings are usually built according to standard projects, recommended as the most economical, technically advanced for repeated use (residential buildings, schools, kindergartens). Currently, newly opened hotels can occupy new or converted old buildings. New construction - construction of a building carried out on new sites and according to the originally developed and approved project. Reconstruction of an existing enterprise is a complete or partial re-equipment and reconstruction of an enterprise carried out under a single project with the replacement of outdated equipment. Reconstruction of an existing enterprise can also be carried out with the aim of changing the profile of the enterprise. The design of hotel enterprises should be based on the following basic principles:

· sequence: first, general issues of justification for the feasibility of construction are resolved, and then the main technological, space-planning, and other solutions are determined;
· Variability: several project options are developed in order to select the most effective one;
· observance of some preferences over others: first of all, they are fulfilled regulatory requirements SNiP and GOST, ensuring safe operation, and then the interests of visitors are taken into account.

When preparing the necessary documentation and determining the size of land areas and territories, the size of buildings, the required areas and heights of premises, their illumination and sanitary conditions, designers must be guided by existing regulatory documents. The documents containing the basic requirements for the design and construction of enterprises, buildings and structures are building codes and rules (SNiP). Standards are scientifically based and legalized optimal measures of area, volume, weight, quantity various materials, per specific accepted unit: per person, square or cubic meter, etc. Rules are requirements for safety precautions in construction, for the quality of work, for organizing the production of various types of construction work, for organizing the construction and acceptance of buildings into operation, etc. In the Russian Federation, norms and rules have been introduced into practice that are mandatory for all design and construction organizations and enterprises that produce building materials and products. This is necessary to develop high quality, cost-effective designs.

All types of buildings must be strong, durable, economical in construction and operation, must be provided with engineering equipment, and meet fire safety requirements. All these requirements should be taken into account when designing comprehensively, in conjunction with the environment. To ensure functional requirements when designing a hotel building, it is necessary:

· take into account the influence of natural and climatic conditions on the processes occurring in the hotel;
· identify the main functional groups of premises and ensure the required relationships between them;
· take into account the peculiarities of the regime of residents and the working regime of service personnel.

SNiP 23-05-95 stipulates that all residential premises must have natural light; bathrooms can be illuminated through transoms at the top of the wall between the sanitary unit and the room. (2)

Fire safety requirements for all buildings depend on the degree of fire resistance, as well as on their number of storeys and overall dimensions, and are ensured by limiting the total volume of premises, dividing them into parts with fire walls, and identifying escape routes. For public buildings with more than 5 floors, passages with a width of 5 - 8 m should be provided. Through passages in buildings should be at least 3.5 m wide and at least 4.5 m high. The distances between buildings should be 6-15 m, depending on fire resistance building.

The project of any facility must contain a master plan of the site intended for construction. The master plan is a horizontal projection of the top view of the entire site, which is allocated for a hotel enterprise. It is usually made at a scale of 1:500 or 1:1000. It depicts all buildings and structures related to the enterprise, passages, driveways and landscaping areas. It is necessary in order to correctly position the necessary buildings, structures, and equipment. Master plans are subject to sanitary, functional and fire safety requirements. In order for them to be fulfilled as much as possible, for the relationship with the environment and for creating optimal conditions operation of the territory of the hotel enterprise is subject to zoning.

When designing a hotel enterprise, the following development systems can be used: centralized, block, pavilion, mixed. The centralized development system is characterized by the fact that the public and residential parts are located in the same building. This allows you to more clearly organize the territory free from development, increase the area of green spaces and recreation, and preserve the natural landscape. But at the same time, the functional groups of premises are not sufficiently isolated, and unwanted intersections of human flows are possible. With the same capacity of the hotel, its building in this option will have a maximum number of floors, which is not always desirable.

With a block development system, the hotel complex is divided into several buildings connected to each other. The block development system requires a larger site area, but with proper planning of buildings it allows you to isolate functional groups of premises. Used in difficult terrain and in relatively harsh climates.

The pavilion development system consists of separate buildings. Communication between them is carried out via pedestrian paths. It is advisable to use such a development system in the construction of hotel enterprises for recreation in difficult terrain, as well as institutions operated during a certain season (for example, in the summer).

The mixed development system is universal and takes into account the disadvantages and advantages of the other three systems. When deciding on master plans for hotel enterprises, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of long-term development of the designed facility and transition to a different mode of operation.

The residential part usually has a significant number of floors, and the public part is designed with a height of 1 to 3 floors, depending on the number of beds in the hotel and the composition of its premises. Combinations of planning solutions (rooms) are called compositional schemes.

Hall composition - all functions of a building for a specific purpose are concentrated in a single room. Centric composition - all functional rooms are grouped around a large main room. Enfilade composition - rooms located one after another, connected into a single whole by passages or openings. All these compositional techniques are found both in pure form and in various combinations, forming mixed compositions.

All objects of tourist establishments are accepted for operation subject to the completion of the work provided for in the design and estimate documentation and the possibility of their normal functioning. Upon signing the act of acceptance of the object into operation, the object is considered to be put into operation. The opening of constructed complexes or individual facilities is allowed only after a special departmental commission has verified the technical and economic readiness to serve tourists.

The durability of a building depends on the quality of construction and materials used, as well as operating conditions. Based on their service life, buildings are divided into groups: more than 100 years; from 50 to 100 years; from 20 to 50 years. Buildings constructed for a service life of less than 20 years are not rated for durability. Over time, buildings lose their original qualities and value.

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