Features and installation of a GSM security alarm in the house with your own hands. Homemade simple security alarm at home or cottage Do-it-yourself apartment alarm

IN modern world it is almost impossible to do without security equipment - this is especially true for protecting your real estate from robbers who are constantly improving their methods of entering a house, apartment, cottage or garage. For such cases, electronic security systems in the form of alarms are effective. These security barriers minimize the likelihood of theft and allow the property owner to react in time to a dangerous situation. Today, many companies offer a wide selection of multifunctional alarms, as well as their installation and maintenance. Depending on the complexity of the security kit used, its cost will also depend, which can sometimes be quite high. If a home owner does not have the opportunity to purchase and install an expensive security kit, he thinks about how to make an alarm system with his own hands. It turns out that this is not such a complicated process - it is important to have at least a little understanding of electronics and electrical installation work oh, and making an alarm won’t be too difficult.

Advantages of a homemade alarm

Despite the fact that a homemade alarm system is created at home, it has a number of advantages that allow it to compete with factory-made security systems.

Firstly, the simplest do-it-yourself home alarm system can be implemented even from improvised means that are available in the household. Almost every home has an unused mobile phone, elements of actuators for various household equipment, etc. If something is missing, you can buy it for pennies at any radio market. The financial costs of a security system created at home are minimal.

Secondly, a homemade alarm can be easily changed in design at any time and modernized to suit changing operating conditions at the site. Not every factory security system can do this.

Flaws

No matter how good your security alarm project is, it is not without its drawbacks. The main ones include the following:

lack of built-in protection systems various devices, which are used by attackers to disable alarms;
the inability to connect such devices to security systems of security companies;
It is difficult to independently implement complex security configurations that include a wide range of security and functional sensors and actuators;
a homemade simple alarm system does not support the ability to conduct audio and video monitoring from a protected object;
Without basic knowledge of electronics, you won’t be able to make your own security system.

What types of alarms can you make yourself?

At home, you can independently implement several options for security systems that will solve specific problems in protecting real estate.

Motion sensor based alarm

A simple alarm for an apartment with your own hands can be created on the basis of a conventional motion sensor, which is equipped with lighting systems installed in entrances and on landings. If you connect a siren to such a sensor instead of a lighting element, you will get a basic security system that will sound a warning that someone is in the protected area.

Alarm systems based on ready-made kits

For those who don’t want to “rack their brains” on how to make a homemade alarm and what devices to use for this, you can use ready-made kits, which are sold on every radio market. You will only need to draw up a diagram of the protected areas and purchase the appropriate sensors and actuators for this. In the future, you will have to install the purchased elements and configure them to perform the appropriate security functions.

Alarm based on magnetic contact sensors

For those who are thinking about how to make an alarm system at home that will respond to the opening of doors and windows, the option of magnetic contact sensors will be the optimal solution. A distinctive feature of such sensors is that they include two elements - the sensor base itself and a magnet, which must be in direct contact. As soon as this contact is broken, the light and sound device connected to the sensor will be activated.

Using an old, unused cell phone, a highly effective homemade security alarm can be created using GSM communication capabilities. With the help of such a security system, it will be possible not only to activate the actuators connected to it, but also to notify the owner of the house about the danger through a mobile communication channel, sending an SMS message to his mobile device or making a call.

For those who do not know how to make an alarm with their own hands and temporarily cannot afford to purchase a ready-made one, they can install a simulator of the presence of a security system. To implement a basic signaling simulator circuit, you only need led indicator, two AA batteries, a current-limiting resistor and a housing for the location of the listed elements. The glow of the LED will indicate that the object is under guard - this should scare away thieves. But relying on security with such a dummy for a long time is not worth it - it’s better to figure out how to make an alarm yourself or buy it in a store.

Equipment for collecting alarms at home

A simple alarm system for a home can be built using the following set of devices:

a set of sensors - for a simple security system, these can be motion control devices at the site, as well as opening sensors;
siren and light-emitting devices - they will signal the activation of the security sensor;
regular switch - used to turn off the alarm;
autonomous power sources - these can be batteries or rechargeable batteries that will support the operation of the alarm system in the absence of power in the external network;
mobile phone – needed when creating a security alarm for a home with the function of notifying the owner on his mobile device;
a set of tools for installation work, conductors, mounting elements - with their help, the assembly and installation of an alarm system at home will be carried out.

Alarm creation process

The beginning of work on developing your own security system should begin with the creation of a project for the future alarm system. It will depend on him how to make a home alarm system so that it provides protection to all potentially dangerous areas. After drawing up a detailed plan, you should take care of the availability of the required devices and parts, some of them may be at home, and some will have to be purchased.

On initial stage the appropriate sensors are installed along the perimeter of the object, as planned in the project.

Note!
In order for the security alarm to perform its functions when they are triggered, actuators and mechanisms are connected to the sensors.

They can be connected through a specially prepared circuit, which includes an electronic turn-on delay timer and switching relays. In this case, the DIY security system will not work immediately, but after a set period of time, which is necessary so that the owner of the apartment can disarm it. For this procedure, you need to install a regular push-button switch, which must be located in a hidden place so that the thief cannot independently disable the security before the siren turns on.

One option for creating an alarm yourself:

If a do-it-yourself alarm is created for notification via a cellular network, then the sensors must be connected via a mobile phone, which, in parallel with the activation of the siren, will send an alarm signal to the owner.

Why is it beneficial to use a homemade alarm system?

By designing and creating an alarm system with your own hands, the user adapts it as much as possible to the specific operating conditions in his home, as well as to the tasks solved by the security system. Not every ready-made alarm from the kit can be optimally suited to specific conditions, and it is not always possible to upgrade it.

conclusions

The simplest DIY alarm system can be created in a fairly short time with minimal financial costs. But the protective effect it provides is quite high. This guarantees the owner the confidence that his property is not in danger.

Sometimes there is a need to install a simple and inexpensive security alarm. Without unnecessary bells and whistles that manufacturers add to it in order to expand the functionality of their system and somehow distinguish it from other competitors. A cottage, a garage, a household outbuilding or even a greenhouse; in such places it is not always advisable or profitable to install a full-fledged security system.

In this article we will look at several devices that claim to be simple and accessible to anyone who wants to protect their property from intrusion by uninvited guests.

What should such an alarm be able to do?

react to an intrusion (some external influence - movement, the door was opened, hit, etc.);
sound a sound signal to scare off the intruder;
have the ability to arm and disarm;
It is advisable to consume little electricity.

The purpose of this device is not so much to block access to the house, but rather to scare away the thief. Having heard a loud signal, he will not want to take risks and will not climb into the room; in addition to the psychological impact, it may also attract the attention of neighbors.

Security alarm based on motion sensor

The simplest security alarm for a home can be made with your own hands based on a conventional household motion sensor for lighting, which is installed in entrances to save energy. But instead of a lighting lamp, you can install a siren.

What will you need for this?

Motion Sensor– you can buy it at any hardware store, for example OBI or Leroy Merlin. It is necessary to pay attention to the operating voltage of the sensor - we need it to operate from a 220V network; the viewing angle depends on the external design of the sensor (wall-mounted or ceiling-mounted) and the lens used (can be wide 180 degrees or corridor type). Average cost from 400 to 800 rubles;
Siren operating from a 220V network. For example, PKI-3 “Ivolga-220”, average price 250 rubles. Can be purchased at radio stores;
Regular switch, to turn off the alarm. Any will do, from 100 rubles. and higher.

The connection diagram is shown below:

You need to choose a motion sensor that has at least two types of adjustments - time adjustment (TIME) and sensor sensitivity (SENS). Using the first one, it will be possible to set the activation time of our alarm, i.e. siren sounding time. This value is usually set for five minutes. The second adjustment changes the sensitivity of the sensor, for example, if it does not respond to you or to reduce so-called “false alarms”.

A switch will be needed to turn off the device when you are in its field of view and turn it on when you leave the room. It is advisable to install the switch covertly, so that after activating the security alarm you will not fall within its range of action. In addition to the siren, you can also connect a regular light bulb for double impact on the intruder.

The main disadvantages of this implementation will be that some models of motion sensors, after being turned on, require from 1 to 10 seconds to “stabilize” and switch to standby mode. If you come across such a sensor, you need to add a time relay to the overall circuit, which will keep the siren turned off while it is turned on.

There are also miniature motion sensors on sale that operate on 12V, for example, model DD-03. You can also create a simple alarm on them, but you need to connect it to a 12 volt power source or a battery. Thanks to this, the system will be non-volatile and work even if there are power outages.

Security alarm from a ready-made kit

The simplest security device based on an autonomous alarm system can operate wirelessly. In stores for radio amateurs you can find two options - based on an infrared sensor (aka motion) or a magnetic contact sensor that reacts to opening. True, the choice is not large enough and you will often have to go shopping to find the product “in stock”. Therefore, the easiest way to purchase this product is to order it in one of the large online stores.

Kit based on an infrared sensor.

An example is the Chinese alarm system under the loud name “Alarm mini”. Consists of the IR sensor itself, a mounting bracket and one or two key fobs. The kit includes clear instructions for installation and operation. 4 AA batteries are purchased separately, but can also be powered by a 6V power adapter (sold separately). Installing it yourself is not difficult.

After inserting the batteries into the device, you need to install the unit itself in such a place that its lens is directed towards the protected area. The front panel has an infrared receiver window for controlling the alarm from remote controls. A lens that “detects movement” in the controlled area, operation lights and a siren.

We press the button on the remote control - the green LED lights up, which means the exit report has started (15-20 seconds), so that we have time to leave the apartment. Then the green eye goes out - the device has started working. Now, as soon as there is any movement in the room, a person will pass, a dog or cat will run, the red LED will light up and after 15-20 seconds a very loud siren sound will be heard. The device works!

A set based on a magnetic contact sensor.

A security alarm based on an opening sensor is a main unit that contains a sensor with open contacts and a magnet for closing these contacts. You need to set them up against each other so that there is direct contact between them. If a thief breaks into the house, when a door or window is opened, these elements move away from each other and an alarm siren sounds.

Such an alarm can be used mainly to scare off intruders and its main advantage is its low price, about 100 rubles per sensor. And very easy installation, on each part there is duct tape, just remove the protective layer and glue the sensor to the front door or window.

Often such kits are used to protect the perimeter of the house while you are inside, for example, sleeping at night. The sound of the siren will wake you up and you can take any action to protect yourself.

Burglar alarm simulator

In urban multi-storey buildings, it is becoming popular to set the apartment on security; in this case, expensive equipment is purchased to protect against intrusion, and the signals are transmitted to the remote control of the security company. But not every owner can afford this, and it’s not always justified.

Remember on cars such a device, under the windshield, usually near the steering wheel, there is a red LED that flashes or is constantly on? He warns that the car is under guard. Likewise, for an apartment or cottage, there are similar designs or, in other words, burglar alarm simulators. They are designed to scare away unprepared and unprofessional thieves or burglars.

To make such a simulator, you need to buy a red LED (for example, this AL307), a mounting box to house it, a 100 Ohm resistor, a switch and a compartment for two batteries. For the entire set you will need to pay approximately 100 - 200 rubles. Depending on the characteristics of the LED, a current-limiting resistor must be connected to it in series. A radio store will help you choose the right resistor (unless, of course, you have a Soviet AL307 LED, as in our example).

When leaving the house, we turn on the constantly glowing LED, and when we return, we turn it off. Strangers will think that the apartment is on an alarm system.

Every person wants to live as comfortably and safely as possible. The desire to protect your home as much as possible from the entry of others is natural and reasonable. Therefore, technical methods of preventing cases of property theft through the use of security alarm systems are popular.

The development of microprocessor technologies, control devices, video surveillance and communications are making them increasingly accessible for security purposes for domestic purposes. However, attackers are also studying them, looking for effective ways to block or control them. Our tips will help the home craftsman securely and secretly install a security alarm system with his own hands for a house or apartment, disguising them from the view of a potential thief.

Principles of creating a security alarm

A few decades ago, a security alarm system worked using limit switches connected by wires to a power source and light or sound displays, but now it is a complex of various technical systems that operate autonomously and automatically. Security is created to notify the property owner of unauthorized entry into his area in order to take effective measures to suppress the crime.

For this purpose, approaches to protected property are divided into the following stages:

access route control zone;
fence, structural elements buildings: basement, walls, roof, windows, doors;
interior rooms.

To implement them, a security alarm system is created, consisting of:

object control schemes;
a logic block that processes the information received by it;
siren sensors;

Each of these components, working autonomously, provides its own specific security and control tasks.

Methods of monitoring the security zone

Detector sensors react to the penetration of unauthorized persons in various ways:

video surveillance;
control of acoustic signals;
a break or change in the state of the electrical circuit;
mechanical impact and other means.

Detectors can be triggered by:

electrical contact;
magnetic field changes;
shock mechanical impact;
piezoelectric effect;
capacitive current;
optical-electrical conversion;
sound or ultrasonic testing;
combinations of several signals and other methods.

Surveillance sensors monitor the object:

a certain amount of space;
surface parts;
access line segment;
pointwise.

Reed switches - magnetic contact security sensors

So-called magnetic locks can often be found in store windows and on the entrance doors of premises. They allow you to attach the sensor with contacts and wires to permanently installed elements, and the adjacent magnet to the opening doors.

Security alarm sensors of this type are long outdated: they are mounted in a visible place, and it is easy for attackers to use an additional magnet, which will block the operation of the detector with its field.

Glass break sensors

Showcases and large glass windows attract intruders because they can be relatively easily broken and penetrate through the resulting opening into the security area.

To signal such actions, detectors are created that respond to:

mechanical shocks;
squeezing out with jacks;
heating glass with blowtorches.

The sensor is mounted, as can be seen in the figure above, directly on the controlled surface, which transmits mechanical or sound waves. They are detected by electric detectors of shock-contact and piezoelectric types.

Passive type sound sensors distinguish between two control modes:

low frequency caused by the impact of a hard object;
high frequency from flying fragments.

Infrared sensors

Two principles are used to work:

passive temperature control of the security zone;
active tracking of the state of a free segment in space.

Passive detectors

The work occurs through constant comparison of the temperature gradient in the directed zone. The appearance of a person or domestic animals in it is quite enough to send a signal.

Attackers, knowing the area or location of passive infrared sensors, manage to bypass them by wearing protective suits that block thermal radiation from the body. The firefighter's outfit is quite suitable for these purposes.

Active detectors

The receiver and transmitter of infrared signals in the security zone work in an integrated manner, constantly monitoring the passage of the control beam.

Since it is indistinguishable to the human eye, it can only be bypassed by knowing exactly its location or using special optical equipment.

Radio wave detectors

The operating principle of such a security zone is based on the emission of electromagnetic waves into the room and the simultaneous reception of signals reflected from the signals located inside it. At the same time, they are constantly compared.

When movement is detected in the controlled space, the balance between the adding signals is disrupted and a command is issued to trigger the sensor.

However, the disadvantage of this control method is that attackers, knowing about the presence of a radio wave detector, can simply move slowly in its area.

Capacitive sensors

The detector is tuned to the capacitive charge of the surrounding space and is balanced with the electromagnetic fields around it. When the human body finds itself in the zone of its influence, it destroys the created balance with its capacity. The sensor detects this moment and is triggered.

An attacker, when he knows about the principle of operation and the location of the capacitive sensor in the security system, blocks its action using electrical protective equipment of electrical personnel. A hard hat, rubber gloves, electrician's suit and specialized shoes will prevent it from triggering.

Combined type sensors

The use of several methods for detecting intrusion into a protected facility significantly complicates the actions of criminals. For example, the combination of a radio wave and a passive ultrasonic detector is still considered quite difficult to hack. Such a security zone is very difficult to overcome.

However, attackers are constantly studying all the technical subtleties of newly introduced security systems and carefully developing measures to bypass and control them. This fact must be taken into account in your practical activities.

When using any security alarm, the main attention is focused on its hidden installation, closed installation, maximum restriction of persons who know about its work. After all, even close people and family members can accidentally spill the beans and provide useful information to potential criminals.

Methods of operation of unauthorized access alarms

These devices can be assigned the following functions:

scare away an intruder approaching a protected object by giving a light signal or blaring a siren;
promptly notify the owner and security service about the entry of strangers into the restricted area so that emergency detention measures can be taken by the police team;
or comprehensively solve several other control or security tasks.

Wired and wireless home communications, including Internet technologies, allow you to instantly transfer information to the owner of the building.

Logic block operation

It is created taking into account the effective use of the functions of the selected detector and siren for the contour tasks of protecting a private house or apartment.

If earlier similar systems home craftsman made with his own hands from improvised materials using electronic circuits published in textbooks, now similar designs are commercially available with a fairly wide range of possibilities.

They are easy to customize individual requirements local protection through accessible programming tools. The operating algorithm includes all processes of receiving, processing, transmitting and recording monitored information.

Types of communication channels

Depending on the conditions of use, wired channels or wireless technologies based on the transmission and reception of radio waves are used.

It should be borne in mind that the reliability of their operation depends on the quality of the power supply. electrical energy, its reliability and As soon as an attacker turns off the power to the house, the security alarm will be disabled.

To prevent this from happening, use either autonomous power supply from batteries or accumulators.

However rechargeable batteries require constant monitoring of technical condition and. Otherwise, they can also let you down by playing along with the attacker.

Security alarm from China

Well-known online stores in China provide a wide selection of electronic products for security purposes. Their kit includes:

Control block;
various designs of detectors;
additional accessories.

This composition should be studied and carefully analyzed before purchase.

Control module

His appearance and the composition of functions is repeated and at the same time different in different models.

On the front surface are usually located:

information display display;
push-button command input switches;
built-in speaker and microphone jacks.

Under the rear cover there is:

terminal blocks and connectors for connecting wires and cables of detectors and sirens;
module mode microswitches;
SIM card for .

Equipment manufacturers make control modules in a beautiful case that can simply be hung on a screw or secured with adhesive tape to the wall near front door. This convenience could end badly.

When an intruder enters an apartment, the first thing he will do is look for the place where the security alarm is installed. He will try to quickly disable it: tear it off its mount, throw it into the water, for example. Keep your secrets secret!

Detector

Structurally, the operating principle of the main types of sensors is described above, and their appearance is shown in the picture.

Inside the conveniently shaped case there is a battery and electronic boards with mode switches.

In addition to the security function, other detector sensors can work in the alarm set, for example, or even In this matter, each apartment owner or home master himself determines the list of necessary functions for his own needs.

Additional accessories

The following may be included as separate accessories:

various sirens;
remote control key fobs.

Sirens and spotlights

Due to their small dimensions, sound alarms can be hidden in the interior of rooms or niches of staircases, where they will fulfill their purpose - to scare off intruders and prevent cases of theft.

Small-sized floodlights have sufficient lighting power for a private home.

Keychain for security

Mobile control panels with small dimensions are convenient to store in a pocket or bag.

They allow you to control the operating modes of equipment from different places, for example, to turn off the motion sensor when your people are in the room, and leave the window and door sensors in operation.

How to set up a security alarm

The factory instructions determine the sequence of actions for putting each kit into operation

Antenna installation

If the logic block module uses not built-in, but external antenna, then a special socket is installed for it.

The connection is made into this connector.

How to insert a SIM card

Installing a SIM card is fully consistent with the actions that we perform on a smartphone or mobile phone.

Getting started

When the power comes from the 220 network, you need to connect the adapter, and then move the toggle switch to the ON position.

Communication settings

You will need to “bind” the individual SIM card number to the control unit. To do this, use the factory password, for example, 8888 and the SMS sending mode.

Then connect an external siren and check the passage of signals between the blocks, starting from each detector by receiving an SMS on a mobile phone.

Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that all actions with the security alarm must be kept secret and not disclosed to unauthorized persons. We specifically showed that attackers quickly find hacking tools for any technical innovation.

Modern life is unthinkable without security alarms. They come in a wide variety - for example, fireproof or burglar-proof, and vary depending on the installation location and, accordingly, the required functionality. Vacation home also needs protection and the best option it has a GSM alarm system.

Nowadays, there are a lot of companies providing alarm installation services, including those with GSM technology. At first it may seem to you that such systems are extremely complex, but in reality this is not the case. The main thing is to understand a few important nuances, after which you can make the alarm yourself, without resorting to outside help. It will cost several times less, moreover, further maintenance of the security system will depend solely on you. In other words, you will carry out preventative measures and troubleshoot problems yourself.

Despite the fact that GSM alarms are installed mainly in garages, they can also be successfully used to protect a home. The simplest security system described in this article can solve many problems and also add confidence in the safety of your property.

To make your own alarm you will need:

soldering iron and ability to work with it;
set of wires;
wire cutters;
an old mobile phone (necessarily with buttons - modern touchscreen models will not work);
single-key switch;
stationery knife;
insulating tape;
small magnet;
Super glue;
copper and telephone wires;
a pair of metal clips;
multimeter;
minimal knowledge in the field of radio engineering.

After reviewing the list of necessary tools/materials, we conclude: the cost of a homemade alarm system is low. If you strictly follow the instructions below, the security system will last quite a long time.

Do-it-yourself home alarm system - installation work

In essence, a GSM alarm system is an improved mobile phone. She will call your (or any other) number if someone breaks into your house while you are away.

The idea is this: you need to ensure that the phone itself calls the last number dialed from it at the moment when the front door opens. This phone should always be on charge and lying in some box near the outlet. As soon as the door opens, the invisible contacts installed on the awnings will close and thereby trigger a call from the mobile phone - you will receive a call.

Note! For alarm, you can use the cheapest phone. The notorious Nokia 1100 is ideal for this.

First stage. To begin, cut two pieces about 1.5 cm long from metal clips - these will be hinged contacts on the door. Then take the telephone wire, strip the insulation and unravel it into a pair of internal wires. Solder the ends of each of them to the contact paper clips. Fix the contacts themselves on the door using superglue - one on a fixed hinged hinge, the second on a movable one.

Select the position of the contacts so that they close at half open door. Attach the other ends of the wires to a multimeter, then test them in a closed state (with the door open) in order to check the circuit.

Second phase. Route the wires to the place where the device will be located, hiding them under the baseboard.

Third stage. Next, proceed to the phone. It must have a SIM card, a top-up balance, and disabled notifications (such as alarm clock, incoming call, etc.). He must also have the last number dialed to which the call will be made in the event of a hack.

Disassemble the phone, remove the back panel and remove the battery. Then remove the front panel with buttons and gasket. You are only interested in the front part, not the back - on it after removing the keyboard you will see the contact paths. Select the one that leads to the call button (identify it by location, since visually it does not differ from other contacts). Fix one of the copper wires with electrical tape on the semicircular contact, and attach the second to the inner one.

Note! It is very important that the outer contour of the semicircular shape does not close.

Also make sure that the electrical tape does not cover the contact to the end call button.

Fourth stage. When everything is ready, install the battery (you can throw away the case - it is not needed), using the same electrical tape for fastening (it is important that it is blue). After that, turn on the phone. This may seem impossible to you, because the keyboard is no longer there, but here your ingenuity comes to the rescue: take a metal paper clip, straighten it, making a kind of tweezers, and close the contacts under the right button to end the call.

After the screen has greeted you and the phone has completely booted up, try to close copper wires, established in the previous step. If everything is done correctly, the phone will dial the last number dialed. But if this does not happen, you will have to check all the contacts under the button again and repeat the procedure.

Fifth stage. All that remains is to install the phone in the designated place. Connect to copper wires, coming from the phone, contacts leading from the door awnings. Then connect Charger and plug it into a power outlet. That's it, the GSM alarm system has been successfully installed.

Note! For convenience, you can install a toggle switch on one of the long wires to turn the alarm on/off.

As already mentioned, usually such an alarm is installed on the front door. We advise you to attach the contacts to the internal door between the rooms (it will always need to be closed before leaving). If an intruder breaks into the house, he will in any case move from one room to another and, therefore, open the “alarm” door. After this, a subscriber known to you will call your number and you will be informed about the hack.

Having some knowledge of radio technology, such a security system can be improved to make it look more presentable, and a car alarm can also be made based on it.

An important point that you need to know about

If an intruder enters a house with such an alarm, he will be able to quickly detect it and turn it off. A homemade security system requires a certain time to operate (often a few seconds), that is, to establish a connection with your mobile phone.

If the door closes quickly, the call will be dropped. Remember this.

As a conclusion

An indisputable advantage of such a homemade alarm system is its energy independence. You just need to charge your phone battery in a timely manner using a standard power supply. It is advisable to completely integrate this unit into the electrical network so that the phone is powered by the battery only during power outages.

We also note that today it is more advisable to install a video surveillance system. It has a lot of advantages, but is very expensive, so in most cases people make do with regular GSM alarm systems.

This is the simplest type of country alarm. It consists of the housing of the sensor itself and an external permanent magnet. The body of the security device must be mounted on a door or window opening, the magnet must be attached to the window or door. When the window is closed, both housings are nearby, and the alarm contact in the reed switch is closed, as it is affected by the magnetic field. When a thief opens a window, the magnet moves away from the sensor body and an alarm signal is sent to the siren circuit.

GSM alarm system is designed to be used for remote monitoring of protected objects and notification of the owner of the dacha via GSM communication channels (mobile phone). GSM video surveillance of dachas creates a completely new level of security and control - via MMS, GPRS or 3G cameras. Now the owner garden plot will receive more information if the protection is triggered. Also, the owner of the dacha has irrefutable evidence of the incident in the form of pictures from a connected camera or recordings. In this collection we will consider several options for do-it-yourself gsm alarms.

If a wood stove or other gas equipment is installed in the country house, then it is advisable to take care of installing a gas detection sensor. By the way, it’s easy to make an alarm system based on it yourself.

Carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide, CO (not to be confused with CO2) is one of the most dangerous combustion products. It is part of almost any smoke and is released during the smoldering of absolutely all organic or carbon-containing compounds. This is a deadly gas and an alarm about its presence will be relevant both in the country and in a private home. Carbon monoxide has no odor at all, which negates its detection by the senses. A person can understand the presence of carbon monoxide in the inhaled air only from the first symptoms of poisoning, and in many cases this is already too late.

Using the popular Arduino board today, you can create a budget wireless alarm system for your home, apartment or cottage. At the same time, this alarm is very easy to repeat and is recommended for both beginner radio amateurs and more advanced Arduino users.

Principle of operation laser alarm next: when an object enters the range of the beam, the laser stops illuminating the photodetector. The resistance of the latter increases sharply and the relay turns off. The relay contacts also turn off the laser. This is a variant of the simplest scheme. When a laser beam acts on a photoresistor, its resistance tends to zero, and when the laser is turned off, its resistance increases sharply and significantly. The photoresistor must be placed in a closed housing.

As observations of the operational reports of the Ministry of Internal Affairs show, the largest number of thefts from closed premises are committed through opening the door. Even the presence of a safe door with English locks will not provide complete protection. Therefore, to reduce the risk of theft, I recommend installing a homemade alarm on the door, which will play the role of active protection. And experienced thieves, seeing a homemade product, cannot know what it is capable of and will choose another object to attack. A country door alarm is an excellent option for additional protection of your country house from unwanted visitors.

There is no smoke without fire, as the old Russian proverb says. It is on this principle that fire detectors work to detect fire by smoke in a country house. The sensor contains a camera with a diode and a photodetector. When smoke enters it, the strength of the diode radiation changes, which serves as a signal for the fire detector to operate. Using a smoke converter, compared to a temperature sensor, allows you to find out about a fire much earlier and, accordingly, allows the owner of the dacha to take measures to extinguish or save his property. Protecting your dacha from fire is an urgent option for any owner.

With the onset of spring, the owner of a summer cottage wants to quickly find out about possible flooding of the basement. Also for water supply country house I want to be sure that there will be no leaks into the subfloor, as this will significantly reduce the service life of the floor joists.

Let's consider a diagram of a simple homemade country alarm system that can be used in various rooms or in containers. For example, these signal sensors are very often used to detect possible flooding of a country house basement or garage cellar melt water or in the kitchen under the sink, etc.

www.texnic.ru

Do-it-yourself alarm system - for a summer residence, alarm scheme, description of the scheme

Dear visitors!!!

In the summer, many of us prefer to be at our dacha, secluded from the bustle of the city, spending our time growing vegetables, fruits and berries, and some are directly passionate about the work of beekeeping, that is, breeding bees and obtaining the final productive results - collection, sale of honey and technology for breeding bee colonies. But this topic has nothing to do with various hobbies, running your own household, and as you understand, we will talk here about security alarms, which are necessary for both:

summer cottage;
personal plot in a private house,

The same goes for protecting your beekeeping farm.

Description of the scheme

Here is a simple electronic circuit, parts of which are freely available in specialized stores. The diagram, as you can see, consists of:

two transistors;
resistor;
batteries;
push-button switch;
capacitor

and dynamics.

To assemble this circuit you must have:

n-p-n (T1) silicon transistor MP 111;
silicon transistor p-n-p type(T2) MP 40;
MLT resistor from the BC series;
paper capacitor 0.1 µF;
speaker 1 GD-39

and a push-button switch (from a table lamp).

fence perimeter

A thin copper wire is stretched along the perimeter of the protected area (fence), the ends of which are connected, as shown in the diagram, to the input terminals (in). When the copper wire breaks, the speaker emits a sound signal. This signal can be changed by selecting the capacitance of the capacitor.

Elements for an electronic circuit

All the necessary elements that will be required during assembly and installation of elements on the circuit board are shown in the photographs:

silicon transistors

capacitor paper resistor MLT

4.5 Volt battery push-button switch

speaker 1GD-39 (from the radio)

To make your own ready-made so-called motherboard, on a blank printed circuit board Apply the pattern (tracks) directly - with nail polish. Everything else is etched with “ferric chloride” and your circuit is ready for mounting electronic elements; the necessary holes on the board are made with an awl.

That's all for now. Follow the section.

zapiski-elektrika.ru

How to make an alarm with your own hands at home?

In the modern world, it is almost impossible to do without security equipment - this is especially true for protecting your real estate from robbers who are constantly improving their methods of entering a house, apartment, cottage or garage. For such cases, electronic security systems in the form of alarms are effective. These security barriers minimize the likelihood of theft and allow the property owner to react in time to a dangerous situation. Today, many companies offer a wide selection of multifunctional alarms, as well as their installation and maintenance. Depending on the complexity of the security kit used, its cost will also depend, which can sometimes be quite high. If a home owner does not have the opportunity to purchase and install an expensive security kit, he thinks about how to make an alarm system with his own hands. It turns out that this is not such a difficult process - it is important to have at least a little understanding of electronics and electrical work, and making an alarm will not be difficult.

DIY door alarm option

Advantages of a homemade alarm

Despite the fact that a homemade alarm system is created at home, it has a number of advantages that allow it to compete with factory-made security systems.

Secondly, a homemade alarm can be easily changed in design at any time and modernized to suit changing operating conditions at the site. Not every factory security system can do this.

Flaws

No matter how good your security alarm project is, it is not without its drawbacks. The main ones include the following:

lack of built-in protection systems against various devices that are used by attackers to disable alarms;
the inability to connect such devices to security systems of security companies;
It is difficult to independently implement complex security configurations that include a wide range of security and functional sensors and actuators;
a homemade simple alarm system does not support the ability to conduct audio and video monitoring from a protected object;
Without basic knowledge of electronics, you won’t be able to make your own security system.

What types of alarms can you make yourself?

At home, you can independently implement several options for security systems that will solve specific problems in protecting real estate.

Motion sensor based alarm

Alarm based on motion sensor with battery

Alarm systems based on ready-made kits

For those who don’t want to rack their brains about how to make a homemade alarm and what devices to use for this, you can use ready-made kits that are sold on every radio market. You will only need to draw up a diagram of the protected areas and purchase the appropriate sensors and actuators for this. In the future, you will have to install the purchased elements and configure them to perform the appropriate security functions.

Alarm based on magnetic contact sensors

Alarm circuit based on magnetic contact sensors

Mobile phone based alarm

Mobile phone based alarm circuit

Burglar alarm simulators

For those who do not know how to make an alarm with their own hands and temporarily cannot afford to purchase a ready-made one, they can install a simulator of the presence of a security system. To implement the elementary circuit of an alarm simulator, you only need an LED indicator, two AA batteries, a current-limiting resistor and a housing for the location of the listed elements. The glow of the LED will indicate that the object is under guard - this should scare away thieves. But relying on security with such a dummy for a long time is not worth it - it’s better to figure out how to make an alarm yourself or buy it in a store.

LED dummy circuit

A simple alarm system for a home can be built using the following set of devices:

a set of sensors - for a simple security system, these can be motion control devices at the site, as well as opening sensors;
siren and light-emitting devices - they will signal the activation of the security sensor;
regular switch - used to turn off the alarm;
autonomous power sources - these can be batteries or rechargeable batteries that will support the operation of the alarm system in the absence of power in the external network;
mobile phone – needed when creating a security alarm for a home with the function of notifying the owner on his mobile device;
a set of tools for installation work, conductors, mounting elements - with their help, the assembly and installation of an alarm system at home will be carried out.

Alarm creation process

At the initial stage, the appropriate sensors are installed around the perimeter of the object, as planned in the project.

Note!

In order for the security alarm to perform its functions when they are triggered, actuators and mechanisms are connected to the sensors.

One option for creating an alarm yourself:

Why is it beneficial to use a homemade alarm system?

conclusions

bezopasnostin.ru

How to make a security alarm for your home with your own hands

Principles of creating a security alarm

For this purpose, approaches to protected property are divided into the following stages:

access route control zone;
fence, structural elements of the building: basement, walls, roof, windows, doors;
interior rooms.

To implement them, a security alarm system is created, consisting of:

Each of these components, working autonomously, provides its own specific security and control tasks.

Methods of monitoring the security zone

Detector sensors react to the penetration of unauthorized persons in various ways:

video surveillance;
control of acoustic signals;
a break or change in the state of the electrical circuit;
mechanical impact and other means.

Detectors can be triggered by:

electrical contact;
magnetic field changes;
shock mechanical impact;
piezoelectric effect;
capacitive current;
optical-electrical conversion;
sound or ultrasonic testing;
combinations of several signals and other methods.

Surveillance sensors monitor the object:

a certain amount of space;
surface parts;
access line segment;
pointwise.

Reed switches - magnetic contact security sensors

Glass break sensors

Showcases and large glass windows attract intruders because they can be relatively easily broken and penetrate through the resulting opening into the security area.

To signal such actions, detectors are created that respond to:

mechanical shocks;
squeezing out with jacks;
heating glass with blowtorches.

Passive type sound sensors distinguish between two control modes:

low frequency caused by the impact of a hard object;
high frequency from flying fragments.

Infrared sensors

Two principles are used to work:

passive temperature control of the security zone;
active tracking of the state of a free segment in space.

Passive detectors

The work occurs through constant comparison of the temperature gradient in the directed zone. The appearance of a person or domestic animals in it is quite enough to send a signal.

Active detectors

The receiver and transmitter of infrared signals in the security zone work in an integrated manner, constantly monitoring the passage of the control beam.

Since it is indistinguishable to the human eye, it can only be bypassed by knowing exactly its location or using special optical equipment.

Radio wave detectors

When movement is detected in the controlled space, the balance between the adding signals is disrupted and a command is issued to trigger the sensor.

However, the disadvantage of this control method is that attackers, knowing about the presence of a radio wave detector, can simply move slowly in its area.

Capacitive sensors

Combined type sensors

When using any security alarm, the main attention is focused on its hidden installation, closed installation, and the maximum limitation of persons who know about its operation. After all, even close people and family members can accidentally spill the beans and provide useful information to potential criminals.

Methods of operation of unauthorized access alarms

These devices can be assigned the following functions:

scare away an intruder approaching a protected object by giving a light signal or blaring a siren;
promptly notify the owner and security service about the entry of strangers into the restricted area so that emergency detention measures can be taken by the police team;
or comprehensively solve several other control or security tasks.

Wired and wireless home communications, including Internet technologies, allow you to instantly transfer information to the owner of the building.

Logic block operation

It is created taking into account the effective use of the functions of the selected detector and siren for the contour tasks of protecting a private house or apartment.

If previously such systems were made by a home craftsman with his own hands from improvised materials using electronic circuits published in textbooks, now similar designs are available for sale with a fairly wide range of possibilities.

They are easy to customize to meet the individual requirements of local security using accessible programming tools. The operating algorithm includes all processes of receiving, processing, transmitting and recording monitored information.

Types of communication channels

Depending on the conditions of use, wired channels or wireless technologies based on the transmission and reception of radio waves are used.

It should be taken into account that the reliability of their operation depends on the quality of the electrical energy supply, its reliability and proper safe operation. Once an attacker turns off the power to the house, the security alarm will be disabled.

To prevent this from happening, alternative power sources or autonomous power supply from batteries or accumulators are used.

However, rechargeable batteries require constant monitoring of their technical condition and proper recharging during operation. Otherwise, they can also let you down by playing along with the attacker.

Security alarm from China

Well-known online stores in China provide a wide selection of electronic products for security purposes. Their kit includes:

Control block;
various designs of detectors;
additional accessories.

This composition should be studied and carefully analyzed before purchase.

Control module

Its appearance and composition of functions are repeated and at the same time different in different models.

On the front surface are usually located:

information display display;
push-button command input switches;
built-in speaker and microphone jacks.

Under the rear cover there is:

Equipment manufacturers make control modules in a beautiful case, which can simply be hung on a screw or secured with adhesive tape to the wall near the front door. This convenience could end badly.

Detector

Structurally, the operating principle of the main types of sensors is described above, and their appearance is shown in the picture.

Inside the conveniently shaped case there is a battery and electronic boards with mode switches.

In addition to the security function, the alarm set can include other detector sensors, for example, water leaks or even light for a twilight switch. In this matter, each apartment owner or home master himself determines the list of necessary functions for his own needs.

Additional accessories

The following may be included as separate accessories:

various sirens;
remote control key fobs.

Sirens and spotlights

Due to their small dimensions, sound alarms can be hidden in the interior of rooms or niches of staircases, where they will fulfill their purpose - to scare off intruders and prevent cases of theft.

Small-sized floodlights have sufficient lighting power for a private home.

Keychain for security

Mobile control panels with small dimensions are convenient to store in a pocket or bag.

How to set up a security alarm

The factory instructions determine the sequence of actions for putting each kit into operation

Antenna installation

If the logic block module uses an external antenna rather than a built-in one, then a special socket is installed for it.

The connection is made into this connector.

How to insert a SIM card

Installing a SIM card is fully consistent with the actions that we perform on a smartphone or mobile phone.

Getting started

When the power comes from the 220 network, you need to connect the adapter, and then move the toggle switch to the ON position.

Communication settings

You will need to “bind” the individual SIM card number to the control unit. To do this, use the factory password, for example, 8888 and the SMS sending mode.

Then connect an external siren and check the passage of signals between the blocks, starting from each detector by receiving an SMS on a mobile phone.

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