Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 No. 272
"On approval of the Rules for the transportation of goods by road"

(as amended as of December 22, 2017,
with changes and additions, included in the text,
according to the resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation: dated December 30, 2011 No. 1208,
dated 01/09/2014 No. 12, dated 12/03/2015 No. 1311, dated 11/24/2016 No. 1233,
dated December 22, 2016 No. 1442, dated December 12, 2017 No. 1529)

In accordance with Article 3 of the Federal Law “Charter of Road Transport and Urban Ground Electric Transport”, the Government of the Russian Federation decides:

1. Approve the attached Rules for the transportation of goods by road.

2. This resolution comes into force after 3 months from the date of its official publication, with the exception of the clauses and Rules approved by this resolution. The paragraphs of these Rules come into force after 12 months from the date of official publication of this resolution.

3. Establish that before paragraph 3 of the Rules approved by this resolution comes into force, the transportation of dangerous goods by road in urban, suburban and intercity traffic is carried out in accordance with the specified Rules, as well as the rules for the transportation of dangerous goods by road, approved by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation in pursuance of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 23, 1994 No. 372.

Rules for transporting goods by road

I. General provisions

1. These Rules establish the procedure for organizing the transportation of various types of cargo by road, ensuring the safety of cargo, vehicles and containers, as well as the conditions for transporting goods and providing vehicles for such transportation.

2. Transportation of goods by road in international traffic across the territory of the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation in the field of road transport, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and these Rules.

large vehicle- a vehicle whose dimensions, with or without cargo, exceed the maximum permissible dimensions of the vehicle according to Appendix No.;

"divisible load" - cargo that, without loss of consumer properties or risk of damage, can be placed on 2 or more cargo items.

II. Concluding a contract for the carriage of goods, a contract for chartering a vehicle for transporting goods

6. Cargo transportation is carried out on the basis of a cargo transportation contract, which can be concluded through the carrier’s acceptance of an order for execution, and if there is an agreement on the organization of cargo transportation, an application from the shipper, except for the cases specified in paragraph of these Rules.

The conclusion of a contract for the carriage of goods is confirmed by a waybill drawn up by the shipper (unless otherwise provided by the contract for the carriage of goods) in the form according to Appendix No. (hereinafter referred to as the waybill).

7. The order (application) is submitted by the shipper to the carrier, who is obliged to review the order (application) and, within 3 days from the date of its acceptance, inform the shipper about acceptance or refusal to accept the order (application) with a written justification of the reasons for the refusal and return the order (application ).

When considering an order (application), the carrier, in agreement with the shipper, determines the conditions for transporting the goods and fills out paragraphs 8 - 11, 13, 15 and 16 (as regards the carrier) of the waybill. When transporting dangerous goods, as well as when transporting a heavy and (or) large vehicle, the carrier indicates in paragraph 13 of the waybill, if necessary, information about the number, date and validity period of the special permit, as well as the route of such transportation.

8. Before concluding a contract for the carriage of goods, the carrier, at the request of the shipper, submits a document (price list) containing information about the cost of the carrier’s services and the procedure for calculating freight charges.

9. The consignment note, unless otherwise provided by the contract for the carriage of goods, is drawn up for one or several consignments of cargo transported on one vehicle, in 3 copies (originals), respectively, for the shipper, consignee and carrier.

The consignment note is signed by the shipper and the carrier or their authorized representatives.

Any corrections are certified by the signatures of both the shipper and the carrier or their authorized representatives.

10. In the case of loading cargo to be transported onto various vehicles, a number of waybills are drawn up that corresponds to the number of vehicles used.

11. In the absence of all or any individual entries in the “Conditions of Transportation” section of the waybill, the conditions for the transportation of goods provided for by the Federal Law “Charter of Motor Transport and Urban Ground Electric Transport” (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law) and these Rules are applied.

The absence of an entry is confirmed by a dash in the corresponding column when filling out the delivery note.

12. When the shipper declares the value of the cargo, the cargo is accepted for transportation in the manner established by these Rules, indicating its value in paragraph 5 of the waybill. The declared value must not exceed the actual value of the cargo.

39. The time frame for loading and unloading cargo does not include the time required to carry out work to prepare the cargo for transportation.

40. Loading of cargo into a vehicle and container, as well as unloading of cargo from them, is carried out taking into account the list of works in accordance with Appendix No.

41. If loading of cargo into a container and unloading of cargo from it is carried out by removing the container from the vehicle, the delivery of an empty container to the shipper or a loaded container to the consignee is drawn up with an accompanying statement in accordance with Appendix No. (hereinafter referred to as the accompanying statement).

42. When delivering an empty container to the shipper or a loaded container to the consignee, the carrier fills out paragraphs 1 - 4, 6 - 10 (as far as the carrier is concerned) of the accompanying statement, and also in the column "Copy No." indicates the serial number of the copy (original) of the accompanying statement, and in the line "Accompanying statement No. " - the serial number of the carrier's accounting of accompanying statements.

43. When submitting a vehicle for loading, the consignor notes in the accompanying sheet in the presence of the carrier (driver) the actual date and time of submission (departure) of the vehicle for loading, the condition of the container and its sealing after loading onto the vehicle, and also fills out paragraph 10 of the accompanying sheet (as regards the shipper).

44. If necessary, the shipper indicates in paragraph 5 of the accompanying statement the information necessary to fulfill the phytosanitary, sanitary, quarantine, customs and other requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as recommendations on the deadlines and temperature conditions for transportation and information on locking and sealing devices container.

45. When submitting a vehicle for unloading, the consignee notes in the accompanying statement in the presence of the carrier (driver) the actual date and time of presentation (departure) of the vehicle for unloading, the condition of the container and its sealing when unloading from the vehicle, and also fills out paragraph 10 of the accompanying statement (in terms of the consignee).

46. ​​The accompanying statement is drawn up in 3 copies (originals) - for the consignee, consignor and carrier.

Any corrections in the accompanying statement are certified by the signatures of the consignor or consignee and the carrier.

47. The time for delivering the container to the loading and unloading points is calculated from the moment the driver presents the accompanying sheet to the consignor at the loading point, and to the consignee at the unloading point.

48. Unless otherwise established by the contract for the carriage of goods (chartering agreement), the shipper (charterer) ensures the provision and installation on the vehicle of the devices necessary for loading, unloading and transportation of cargo, and the consignee (charterer) ensures their removal from the vehicle.

49. All equipment belonging to the shipper (charterer) is returned by the carrier (charterer) to the shipper (charterer) in accordance with its instructions in paragraph 5 of the waybill and at the expense of the shipper (charterer), and in the absence of such instructions, they are issued to the consignee along with the cargo at the point of destination .

50. Loading of cargo into a vehicle and container is carried out by the shipper (charterer), and unloading from the vehicle and container is carried out by the consignee, unless otherwise provided by agreement of the parties.

51. Loading of cargo into a vehicle and container is carried out in such a way as to ensure the safety of cargo transportation and its safety, as well as to prevent damage to the vehicle and container.

52. Cargo items loaded by mechanized means, as a rule, must have loops, eyes, protrusions or other special devices for gripping by lifting machines and devices.

The choice of means of securing cargo in the vehicle body (belts, chains, cables, wooden blocks, stops, anti-slip mats, etc.) is carried out taking into account traffic safety, the safety of the transported cargo and the vehicle.

Securing cargo with nails, staples or other methods that damage the vehicle is not permitted.

IV. Determination of cargo weight, sealing of vehicles and containers

53. When transporting cargo in containers or packaging, as well as piece goods, their weight is determined by the shipper, indicating in the waybill the number of cargo items, net (gross) weight of cargo items in kilograms, dimensions (height, width and length) in meters, volume of cargo places in cubic meters.

54. The weight of the cargo is determined in the following ways:

a) weighing;

b) calculation based on geometric measurement data according to the volume of the loaded cargo and (or) technical documentation for it.

55. An entry in the waybill about the weight of the cargo, indicating the method of determining it, is carried out by the shipper, unless otherwise established by the contract for the carriage of goods. At the request of the carrier, the weight of the cargo is determined by the shipper in the presence of the carrier, and if the point of departure is the carrier's terminal, by the carrier in the presence of the shipper. When transporting cargo in a covered vehicle and container sealed by the shipper, the weight of the cargo is determined by the shipper.

56. Upon completion of loading, the bodies of covered vehicles and containers intended for one consignee must be sealed, unless otherwise provided by the contract for the carriage of goods. Sealing of the bodies of vehicles and containers is carried out by the shipper, unless otherwise provided by the contract for the carriage of goods.

57. The seal imprint must have control marks (abbreviated name of the owner of the seal, trademarks or vice number) or a unique number.

Information about the sealing of the cargo (type and shape of the seal) is indicated in the waybill.

58. Seals placed on the bodies of vehicles, vans, tanks or containers, their sections and individual cargo items must not allow access to the cargo and removal of the seals without violating their integrity.

59. Seals are hung:

a) for vans or their sections - one seal on the doors;

b) containers have one seal on the doors;

c) for tanks - on the hatch cover and the drain hole, one seal each, except for cases when, by agreement of the parties, a different sealing procedure is provided;

d) at the cargo item - from one to four seals at the joining points of edging strips or other binding materials.

60. Sealing of the body of a vehicle covered with a tarpaulin is carried out only if the connection of the tarpaulin to the body makes it impossible to access the cargo.

61. The seal must be hung on the wire and compressed with a vice so that the prints on both sides are readable and the wire cannot be removed from the seal. After compression with a vice, each seal must be carefully inspected and, if a defect is found, replaced with another.

Transportation with unclear imprints of established control marks on seals, as well as with incorrectly hung seals, is prohibited.

62. Sealing of certain types of cargo can be carried out by bandaging them, if this is provided for in the contract for the carriage of goods.

Paper tape, braid and other materials used for wrapping cargo should not have knots or extensions. When bandaging, each place where the packaging material used is fastened together must be marked with the shipper's stamp.

Banding should prevent access to the cargo without compromising the integrity of the packaging material used.

V. Delivery times, delivery of cargo. Cleaning of vehicles and containers

63. The carrier delivers and releases the cargo to the consignee at the address indicated by the consignor in the bill of lading, and the consignee accepts the cargo delivered to him. The carrier delivers the cargo within the period established by the contract for the carriage of goods. If the terms of the cargo transportation contract are not specified, the cargo is delivered:

a) in urban and suburban traffic - within 24 hours;

b) in intercity or international traffic - at the rate of one day for every 300 km of transportation distance.

64. The carrier informs the shipper and consignee about the delay in delivery of cargo. Unless otherwise established by the contract for the carriage of goods, the consignor and consignee have the right to consider the cargo lost and demand compensation for damages for the lost cargo if it was not released to the consignee at his request:

a) within 10 days from the date of acceptance of the cargo for transportation - for transportation in urban and suburban communications;

b) within 30 days from the day when the cargo should have been delivered to the consignee - when transported in intercity traffic.

65. The consignee has the right to refuse to accept the cargo and demand compensation from the carrier in the event of damage (damage) to the cargo during transportation through the fault of the carrier, if the use of the cargo for its intended purpose is impossible.

66. If the consignee refuses to accept the cargo for reasons beyond the control of the carrier, the latter has the right to deliver the cargo to the new address specified by the shipper (cargo redirection), and if it is impossible to deliver the cargo to the new address, return the cargo to the shipper with appropriate prior notification. The costs of transporting cargo when it is returned or re-addressed are reimbursed by the shipper.

67. Cargo redirection is carried out in the following order:

a) the driver, using communication means, informs the carrier about the date, time and reasons for the consignee’s refusal to accept the cargo;

b) the carrier notifies the shipper in writing or using communication means about the refusal and the reasons for the consignee’s refusal to accept the cargo and requests instructions on redirecting the cargo;

c) if redirection is not received from the shipper within 2 hours from the moment of his notification of the impossibility of delivering the goods, the carrier notifies the shipper in writing about the return of the goods and instructs the driver to return the goods to the shipper;

d) upon receiving instructions from the shipper to redirect the cargo before its delivery to the consignee indicated in the consignment note, the carrier, using communication means, informs the driver about the redirection.

68. When submitting a vehicle for unloading, the consignee notes in the waybill in the presence of the carrier (driver) the actual date and time of submitting the vehicle for unloading, as well as the condition of the cargo, containers, packaging, marking and sealing, the weight of the cargo and the number of cargo pieces.

69. Upon completion of use of the vehicle, the charterer notes in the work order in the presence of the charterer (driver) the actual date and time of completion of use of the vehicle.

70. Checking the weight of the cargo and the number of packages, as well as issuing the cargo to the consignee are carried out in the manner prescribed by Article 15 of the Federal Law.

71. After unloading cargo, vehicles and containers must be cleared of the remnants of these cargoes, and after transporting goods according to the list in accordance with Appendix No., vehicles and containers must be washed and, if necessary, disinfected.

72. The responsibility for cleaning, washing and disinfecting vehicles and containers lies with the consignees. The carrier, in agreement with the consignee, has the right to undertake, for a fee, the work of washing and disinfecting vehicles and containers.

VI. Features of transportation of certain types of cargo

73. When transporting cargo in bulk, in bulk, in bulk or in containers, its weight is determined by the shipper and, when the cargo is accepted by the carrier, is indicated by the shipper in the waybill.

74. When transporting homogeneous piece cargo on a vehicle, separate markings (except for the gross and net mass of the cargo) are not applied, with the exception of small consignments of cargo.

When transporting homogeneous piece goods in containers to one consignee in the amount of 5 or more packages, marking of at least 4 packages is allowed.

When transporting cargo in bulk, loose or liquid, it is not marked.

75. The placement of divisible cargo on a vehicle is carried out in such a way that the total weight of the vehicle with such cargo does not exceed the permissible weight of the vehicle provided for in Appendix No. to these Rules, the load on the axle of the vehicle with such cargo does not exceed the permissible load on the axle of the vehicle , provided for by Appendix No. to these Rules, and the dimensions of the vehicle with such cargo did not exceed the maximum permissible dimensions of the vehicle provided for by Appendix No. to these Rules.

76. When transporting cargo in bulk, loose or liquid, cargo sealed by the shipper, perishable and dangerous cargo, as well as part of the cargo transported under one consignment note, declaring the value of the cargo is not allowed.

77. Perishable cargo is transported in compliance with the temperature regime determined by the conditions of its transportation, ensuring the safety of its consumer properties, indicated by the shipper in column 5 of the waybill.

78. The amount of natural loss of cargo transported in bulk, in bulk or in liquid form under several waybills from one consignor to one consignee is determined for the entire consignment of simultaneously issued cargo in accordance with the norms of natural loss determined in the prescribed manner.

VII. The procedure for drawing up acts and filing claims

79. The act is drawn up in the following cases:

a) non-removal due to the fault of the carrier of the cargo provided for in the contract for the carriage of goods;

b) failure to provide a vehicle and container for loading;

c) loss or shortage of cargo, damage (damage) to cargo;

d) failure to present for transportation the cargo provided for in the contract for the carriage of goods;

e) refusal to use a vehicle provided on the basis of a charter agreement;

f) delay in delivery of cargo;

g) delay (downtime) of vehicles provided for loading and unloading;

h) delay (downtime) of containers owned by the carrier and provided for loading.

80. The act is drawn up by the interested party on the day the circumstances are discovered that are subject to the act. If it is impossible to draw up a report within the specified period, it will be drawn up within the next 24 hours. In the event that carriers, charterers, shippers, consignees and charterers evade drawing up an act, the relevant party has the right to draw up an act without the participation of the evading party, having previously notified it in writing about the drawing up of the act, unless another form of notification is provided for by the contract for the carriage of goods or the charter agreement.

81. Marks in the waybill and work order regarding the preparation of the act are carried out by officials authorized to draw up the acts.

for highways designed for a load of 10 tons per axle

for highways designed for an axle load of 11.5 tons per axle

Single axle (weight per axle)

over 2.5

5,5 (6)

9 (10)

10,5 (11,5)

Biaxial group (the sum of the masses of the axles included in a group of 2 closely spaced axles)

up to 1 (inclusive)

8 (9)

10 (11)

11,5 (12,5)

9 (10)

13 (14)

14 (16)

10 (11)

15 (16)

17 (18)

11 (12)

17 (18)

18 (20)

Three-axle group (the sum of the masses of the axles included in a group of 3 closely spaced axles)

up to 1 (inclusive)

11 (12)

15 (16,5)

17 (18)

over 1 to 1.3 (inclusive)

12 (13)

18 (19,5)

20 (21)

over 1.3 to 1.8 (inclusive)

13,5 (15)

23,5 (24)

over 1.8 to 2.5 (inclusive)

15 (16)

22 (23)

25 (26)

Close axles of vehicles with no more than 4 wheels on each axle (load per axle in a group of 4 axles or more)

up to 1 (inclusive)

3,5 (4)

5 (5,5)

5,5 (6)

over 1 to 1.3 (inclusive)

4 (4,5)

6 (6,5)

6,5 (7)

over 1.3 to 1.8 (inclusive)

4,5 (5)

6,5 (7)

7,5 (8)

over 1.8 to 2.5 (inclusive)

5 (5,5)

7 (7,5)

8,5 (9)

Close axles of vehicles with 8 or more wheels on each axle (load per axle in a group of axles)

up to 1 (inclusive)

over 1 to 1.3 (inclusive)

10,5

over 1.3 to 1.8 (inclusive)

over 1.8 to 2.5 (inclusive)

13,5

____________

* If the owner of the highway installs appropriate road signs and posts on its official website information about the permissible axle load of the vehicle for the highway.

** For vehicles with axles and groups of axles with single wheels equipped with pneumatic or equivalent suspension.

*** A group of close axles is grouped axles, structurally combined and (or) not combined into a bogie, with a distance to the nearest axle of up to 2.5 meters (inclusive).

**** Mass per axle, or the sum of the masses of the axles included in the group of axles.

Note.1. Values ​​in parentheses are given for axles with dual wheels, without brackets - for axles with single wheels.

2. Biaxial and triaxial groups, which include axles with single and double wheels, should be considered as groups of axles, which include axles with single wheels.

3. Uneven distribution of load along the axles is allowed for biaxial and triaxial groups, if the actual load on a group of axles does not exceed the permissible load on a group of axles with single or dual wheels and the actual load on the most loaded axle in biaxial and triaxial groups does not exceed the permissible axle load of a single axles with single or double wheels, respectively.

4. If groups of axles have different values ​​of interaxle distances, each distance between axles is assigned a value obtained by arithmetic averaging (the sum of all interaxle distances in the group is divided by the number of interaxle distances in the group). The center distance, obtained by arithmetic averaging, is assigned to two-axis and three-axle groups to determine the permissible load.

Appendix No. 3

to the Rules for Cargo Transportation
by car

Maximum permissible dimensions of vehicles

All vehicles	2.55 meters
Isothermal vehicle bodies	2.6 meters

All vehicles

Note.The maximum permissible dimensions of vehicles specified in this annex include the dimensions of swap bodies and cargo containers, including containers.

Appendix No. 4

to the Rules for Cargo Transportation
by car

Form

Waybill

Waybill			Order (application)
Copy No.			date
1. Shipper (cargo owner)			2. Consignee
__________ (authorized person)) ___________			(last name, first name, patronymic, residential address, phone number - for an individual (authorized person)) telephone number - for a legal entity)
3. Name of cargo
(shipping name of the cargo (for dangerous goods - in accordance with ADR), its condition and other necessary information about the cargo) _______________________ (net (gross) weight of packages in kilograms, dimensions (height, width and length) in meters, volume of cargo packages in cubic meters) _____________________________________________________________
4. Accompanying documents for the cargo
_________________________________________________________________ (list of documents attached to the waybill, provided for by ADR, sanitary, customs, quarantine, and other rules in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, or registration numbers of these documents, if such documents (information about such documents) are contained in state information systems) __________________________________________________________ a list of certificates, quality passports, certificates, permits, instructions, titles of title and other documents attached to the cargo, the availability of which is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, or registration numbers of these documents, if such documents (information about such documents) are contained in state information systems)
5. Shipper's instructions
_________________________________________________________ (vehicle parameters required for cargo transportation ___________________________________________________ (instructions necessary to fulfill phytosanitary, sanitary, quarantine, customs and other requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation) ______________________________________________ (recommendations on deadlines and temperature conditions for transportation, information on locking and sealing devices (if provided by the shipper), declared value (value) of the cargo, prohibition of cargo transshipment)
6. Reception of cargo			7. Delivery of cargo
(address of loading place) ____________________________________________ for loading)			____________________________________________ (address of unloading place) ____________________________________________ (date and time of delivery of the vehicle for unloading)
_________________ (actual date and time of arrival)	__________________		__________________ (actual date and time of arrival)	__________________ (actual date and time of departure)
_______________________________________________ Markings and sealing)			_________________________________________________
_______________ (cargo weight)	___________________ (number of cargo pieces)		_______________ (cargo weight)	____________________ (number of cargo pieces)
_______________________________________________ shipper (authorized person)) _______________________________________________ who accepted the cargo for transportation)			______________________________________________ (position, signature, transcript of the signature of the consignee (authorized person)) (signature, transcript of driver’s signature, who delivered the cargo)
8. Conditions of transportation
_____________________________________________ (terms after which the shipper and consignee have the right to consider the cargo lost, form of notification of an examination to determine the amount of actual shortages, damage (spoilage) of cargo) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (amount of fee and maximum period of storage of cargo in the carrier’s terminal, terms of loading (unloading) of cargo, procedure for providing and installing devices necessary for loading, unloading and transportation of cargo) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (the procedure for making a record in the waybill about the weight of the cargo and the method for determining it, sealing covered vehicles and containers, the procedure for loading and unloading operations, performing work on washing and disinfecting vehicles) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (amount of fine for failure to pick up cargo due to the fault of the carrier, untimely provision of a vehicle, container and late delivery of cargo; procedure for calculating the period of delay) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (the amount of the fine for failure to present vehicles for the transportation of goods, for delay (idleness) of vehicles submitted for loading, unloading, for idle time of specialized vehicles and delay (idleness) of containers)
9. Information on acceptance of an order (application) for execution
_____________________________ (date of acceptance of the order (application) for execution)		______________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, position of the person who accepted the order (application) for execution)			_______________ (signature)

Reverse side

10. Carrier
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, residential address, telephone number - for an individual (authorized person)) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (name and address of location, telephone number - for a legal entity) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. Vehicle
______________________________________________________ (quantity, type, brand, load capacity (in tons), capacity (in cubic meters)) ______________________________________________________							_______________________________________ (registration numbers) _______________________________________
12. Reservations and comments of the carrier
________________________________________________ (actual condition of cargo, containers, packaging, marking and sealing upon acceptance of cargo) ________________________________________________ (changes in transportation conditions while moving)					__________________________________________ (actual condition of cargo, containers, packaging, marking and sealing upon delivery of cargo) __________________________________________ (change of transportation conditions during unloading)
13. Other conditions
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. Forwarding
__________________________________________________ (date, form of forwarding (oral or written) ______________________________________________________ (information about the person from whom the instructions for forwarding were received (name, surname, first name, patronymic, etc.)				_______________________________________________ (address of the new unloading point, date and time of submission vehicle for unloading) ________________________________________________ (if the recipient of the cargo changes - new name consignee and his location)
15. Cost of carrier services and procedure for calculating freight charges
________________________________________ (cost of service in rubles, procedure (mechanism) calculation (calculations) of fees) ________________________________________ (amount of freight charge (to be filled in after end of transportation) in rubles) _______________________________________				___________________________________________________________ (carrier's expenses and payments made to the shipper for travel on toll roads, ___________________________________________________________ for the transportation of dangerous goods, goods transported by heavy and (or) large vehicles, payment of customs duties and fees, ___________________________________________________________ performing loading and unloading operations, as well as work for washing and disinfecting vehicles)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (full name of the payer’s organization (shipper), address, bank details payer (shipper) organization
16. Date of preparation, signatures of the parties
_______________ (shipper (cargo owner) (authorized person))	________ (date of)	_________ (signature)				_____________ (carrier (authorized person))		_______ (date of)		________ (signature)
17. Marks of shippers, consignees, carriers
Brief description of the circumstances that served as the basis for the mark			Calculation and amount of the fine						Signature, date

Appendix No. 5

to the Rules for Cargo Transportation
by car

ORDER-JOB

for the provision of a vehicle

Work order	Order
Copy No.	date
1. Charterer	2. Freighter
______________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, residential address, ______________________________________________ full name, location address, telephone number - for a legal entity)	_____________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, residential address, telephone number - for an individual, ______________________________________________ full name, location address, telephone number - for a legal entity)
3. Name of cargo
(shipping name of the cargo (for dangerous goods - ADR), its condition and other necessary information about the cargo) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (number of packages, labeling, type of container and packaging method) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (net (gross) weight of packages in kilograms, dimensions (height, width and length) in meters, volume of cargo packages in cubic meters) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (in case of transportation of dangerous goods - information on each dangerous substance, material or product in accordance with paragraph 5.4.1 of ADR)
4. Accompanying documents for the cargo
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (list of documents attached to the work order, provided for by ADR, sanitary, customs, quarantine and other rules in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (list of certificates, quality passports, certificates, permits, instructions, attached to the cargo, title and other documents, the availability of which is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation)
5. Charterer's instructions
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (parameters of the vehicle required to transport cargo (type, brand, load capacity, capacity, etc.)) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (instructions necessary to comply with phytosanitary, sanitary, quarantine, customs and other requirements, established by the legislation of the Russian Federation)
6. Route and place of delivery of the vehicle
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (date, time and address of the place of delivery of the vehicle, transportation route) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________ (actual date and time of delivery of the vehicle)	____________________________________________ (actual date and time of completion of use vehicle)
___________________________________________ (position, signature, transcript of signature charterer (authorized person))	____________________________________________ (signature and transcript of driver’s signature)
7. Transportation deadlines
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (time (in whole hours) of use of the vehicle by the charterer)
8. Conditions of charter
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (procedure for carrying out loading and unloading operations, performing work on washing and disinfecting vehicles) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (amount of fine for failure to provide a vehicle, refusal to use a vehicle, provided for in the charter agreement)
9. Information on acceptance of a work order for execution
___________________________ (date of acceptance of work order for execution)	___________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, position of the person, who accepted the order for execution)	__________ (signature)

Reverse side

10. Vehicle
_________________________________________________ (quantity, type, brand, load capacity (tons), capacity (in cubic meters)) _________________________________________________				_________________________________________________ (registration numbers) _________________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, information about means of communication (if available) driver(s), information about the waybill(s))
11. Reservations and comments of the charterer
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (change of date, time and timing of transportation, route and place of delivery of the vehicle)
12. Other conditions
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (number, date and validity period of the special permit, established route of movement of a heavy and (or) large-sized vehicle, a vehicle transporting dangerous goods) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (work and rest schedule of the driver along the route, information about commercial and other acts)
13. Amount of fee for using a vehicle
________________________________________ (cost of service in rubles) ________________________________________ (procedure (mechanism) of calculation (calculations) fees) ________________________________________ (fee size (filled in after completion) use) in rubles)		_________________________________________________________ (charterer's expenses and payments made to the charterer for travel on toll roads, _________________________________________________________ for the transportation of dangerous goods, goods transported by heavy and (or) large vehicles, payment of customs duties and fees, _________________________________________________________ performing loading and unloading operations, as well as works on washing and disinfection of vehicles)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ (full name of the payer’s organization, address, bank details of the payer’s organization)
14. Date of preparation, signatures of the parties
_____________ (charterer (authorized person))	____ (date of)		_________ (signature)		______________ (freighter (authorized person))	_____ (date of)	________ (signature)

15. Markers of the charterer, charterer
Brief description of the circumstances that served as the basis for marking	Calculation and amount of the fine	Signature, date
up to 1 ton inclusive	over 1 ton for each full or partial ton, additionally
Vehicle with box body
Vehicle with tipper body
A vehicle with a tipper body for working in quarries
Tank
Vehicle for transporting long cargo
Metal truck
Vehicle for transporting construction materials
Concrete mixer
Heavy and (or) large-sized vehicle, vehicle for transporting construction equipment
Vehicle for transporting animals
Vehicle for transporting cars
Container ship
Vehicle with removable body
Self-loader, including those with a tail lift
Garbage truck
Vehicles intended for the transport of dangerous goods in accordance with ADR (MEMU, EX/II, EX/III, FL, OX, AT)
Others

Container (gross weight, tons)	Time for loading (unloading) cargo into a container (minutes)
0,63 - 1,25
2,5 - 5
10 - 20
25 - 30

Appendix No. 7

to the Rules

List of works for loading cargo into a vehicle and container, as well as unloading cargo from them

Loading

1. Preparation of cargo or container for transportation:

a) packaging and packaging of cargo in accordance with standards, technical specifications for cargo, packaging, packaging and container;

b) marking and grouping of cargo items by consignee;

c) placement of cargo or container at the loading site.

2. Preparing the vehicle for loading:

a) placing the vehicle at the loading site;

b) opening doors, hatches, sides, removing awnings, preparing and installing on the vehicle the devices necessary for loading, unloading and transporting cargo, and putting them in working condition.

a) delivery of cargo or container to the vehicle;

b) placement and stowage of cargo in a vehicle.

4. Securing cargo in a vehicle:

a) bringing fastening, locking and protective devices into working condition, closing doors, hatches, sides of the vehicle, installing awnings;

b) preparing a loaded vehicle for movement.

Unloading

1. Placement of the vehicle at the unloading site.

2. Preparing cargo, container and vehicle for unloading:

a) opening doors, hatches, sides, removing awnings.

b) preparing for operation the mechanized loading and unloading devices and mechanisms installed on the vehicle, as well as removing and rendering fastening, locking and protective devices, devices and mechanisms inoperative.

3. Unloading cargo from the vehicle:

a) removal of cargo or container from a vehicle;

b) dismantling fastening, locking and protective devices, devices and mechanisms.

4. Preparing an unloaded vehicle for movement:

a) cleaning, washing and disinfecting the vehicle;

b) closing doors, hatches, sides of the vehicle, preparing loading and unloading, fastening, locking and protective devices, devices and mechanisms for the movement of the vehicle.

Appendix No. 8

to the Rules

Form

Accompanying statement

Accompanying statement No.
Copy No.
1. Shipper			2. Consignee
______________________________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________			______________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, address of residence, data on means of communication - for an individual, _______________________________________ full name, location address - for a legal entity) _______________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, communication means of the person responsible for transportation)
3. Name of cargo
__________________________________________________________________________________ (shipping name of cargo (for dangerous goods - in accordance with ADR), its condition and other necessary information about the cargo) __________________________________________________________________________________ (number of cargo pieces, markings) __________________________________________________________________________________ (net (gross) weight of packages in kilograms, dimensions (height, width and length) in meters, volume of packages in cubic meters) __________________________________________________________________________________ (in case of transportation of dangerous goods - information on each dangerous substance, material or product in accordance with paragraph 5.4.1. ADR)
4. Container
Number, load capacity	Date and time of delivery for loading	Return date and time, loading time		Date and time of submission for unloading	Return date and time, unloading time
5. Shipper's instructions
__________________________________________________________________________________ (instructions necessary to fulfill phytosanitary, sanitary, quarantine, customs and other requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation) __________________________________________________________________________________
6. Delivery (reception) of the container			7. Delivery (reception) of the container
_______________________________________ (address of loading place) _______________________________________ (date and time of delivery of the vehicle for loading) _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ (signature of the shipper, signature of the driver who accepted the container)			______________________________________ (address of unloading place) ______________________________________ (date and time of delivery of the vehicle for unloading) ______________________________________ (actual date and time of arrival (departure)) _______________________________________ (actual condition of the container and its sealing) ______________________________________ (cargo weight, number of cargo pieces) ______________________________________ (signature of the consignee, signature of the driver who handed over the container)
8. Carrier
_______________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, residential address - for an individual) _______________________________________ (name and address of location - for a legal entity) ______________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic of the person responsible for transportation, data on means of communication)			_______________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic, data on communication means (if any) of the driver (drivers)) _______________________________________ (information about the waybill(s)) _______________________________________

9. Vehicle
______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ (type, brand, load capacity in tons)		____________________________ ____________________________ (registration number)
10. Date of preparation, signatures of the parties
________________________ ________________________ (shipper, date, signature)	_______________________ _______________________ (carrier, date, signature)		________________________ ________________________ (consignee, date, signature)

Appendix No. 9

to the Rules

List of goods, after transportation of which vehicles and containers must be washed and, if necessary, disinfected

Alabaster (gypsum) in pieces and ground

Barite (heavy spar)

Mineral wool

Vegetable marc

Drywall (gypsum marl)

Alumina

Mineral mud for baths

Feed yeast (hydrolysis sulfate)

Potato and beet pulp

Asbestos cardboard

Coagulants

Compound feed

Apatite concentrate

Nepheline concentrate

Dry paints and dyes

Cereals (if consumer packaging is damaged)

Vitamin flour from woody greens

Dolomite flour

Feed flour

Food flour

Pine-vitamin flour

Non-ferrous metal sawdust

Pegmatite

Asphalt powder

Lime powder

Magnesite metallurgical powder

Fireclay powder

Cigarettes (cigarettes) (if the consumer packaging is damaged)

Food and technical table salt

Powdered detergents

Technical and construction glass (if broken)

Shavings of non-ferrous metals and their alloys

Sulfates, other than hazardous ones

Raw materials of tobacco and shag

Tobacco (leaves and roots, snuff, processed)

Talc ground and in pieces (talc stone)

Glass container (if broken)

Peat and peat products

Organic and complex fertilizers

Chemical and mineral fertilizers

Dried minced meat (in bags)

Ferroalloys

Fireclay lumpy

Feed meal

Dangerous goods (in cases established by ADR)

Perishable goods

Animals and birds

Appendix No. 10

to the Rules

List of specialized vehicles

1. Vehicles with a box body:

refrigerated vans;

vans with body heating.

2. Vehicles - tanks:

tanks for transporting loose, powdery, dusty construction materials, including cement tankers;

tanks for transportation of bulk food products: flour, grain, mixed feed, bran;

tanks for transporting food liquids.

3. Vehicles for transporting construction materials:

vehicles - panel carriers;

vehicles - farm trucks;

vehicles - concrete mixers;

vehicles with a tipper body.

4. Vehicles for transporting animals.

5. Vehicles for transporting cars.

6. Vehicles - container ships.

7. Vehicles with a removable body.

8. Vehicles - garbage trucks.

9. Vehicles intended for the transport of dangerous goods in accordance with ADR (MEMU, EX/II, EX/III, FL, OX, AT)



Modern life is impossible without the transportation of various goods. They can be of different sizes and different weights. For the transportation of various categories of goods, there are rules for the transportation of goods by road, specified in the traffic rules.

General rules for transporting goods by road

The first and main condition is that the weight and dimensions of the cargo must correspond to the permissible parameters specified in the technical specifications of the vehicle. There are also the following requirements for cargo transportation:

• it must be well secured;
• it should not interfere with the stability of the vehicle;
• it should not interfere with driving, including not obstructing the view;
• it should not cover vehicle identification marks and light signals;
• it should not prevent the driver from giving hand signals if it is impossible to comply with the previous paragraph;
• it should not make noise or create dust;
• it must not harm the road surface or the surrounding area.

Carrying oversized cargo that obscures the rear view is only permitted if both exterior side rear view mirrors are installed. When transporting in a passenger car, you can transport cargo both inside the trunk and on the roof of the car.

However, there are restrictions on the size of transported cargo:

• It is acceptable if, in terms of its length, it protrudes beyond the edges of the vehicle by less than 1 meter, both front and rear.

• If the distance is more than 1 meter, then it is necessary to install a sign for large cargo, which is a square with diagonal red and white stripes. At night, lights or reflectors should be added to it, white in front, red in back.

• If the cargo protrudes more than 2 meters, it cannot be transported. Or, as a last resort, coordinate such transportation with the traffic police department located in the area where the route begins.

• In width, no load should have dimensions greater than 2.55 m. If this restriction is not violated, and the load sticks out to the sides no more than 40 cm from the edges of the machine, then no additional identification marks are required.

• If the load protrudes by more than 40 cm with the total width within the permissible limits, it is necessary to hang two signs for large cargo. A sign is hung in front and behind. At night, do not forget about flashlights and reflectors.

If the vehicle’s width exceeds 2.55 m, its height exceeds 4 m, and its length exceeds 20 (with one trailer), then separate traffic rules apply for such vehicles.

If the vehicle fits the specified parameters, or its length exceeds 24 meters with two or more trailers, then the transportation of large cargo is regulated by regulations of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. A permit can be obtained either for a one-time transportation along a specific route and within a strictly defined time frame, or for a duration of 1 to 3 months, or for the number of transportations specified in the permit. Permits of the latter type are issued strictly for cargo belonging to the first category.

For such vehicles, there is a special sign “Long vehicle”, which is a horizontal yellow rectangle with an orange or red border.

The vehicle speed when transporting large cargo should not exceed 60 km/h. The mass of the transported cargo plus the weight of the passengers, plus the distribution of loads along the axles, should not exceed the standards established by the technical specifications.

Rules for the transportation of dangerous goods by road

When transporting dangerous goods by vehicle, there must be a “Dangerous Goods” sign..

This sign looks like a horizontal rectangle with a small rectangular area on the left that is filled in, the rest of the area is red and is separated by a horizontal line in the middle.

In this case, the driver, in the case of transporting several types of dangerous goods, should take into account Appendix 4, which is a complete table of the compatibility of dangerous goods during transportation.

Video: Transportation of dangerous goods in accordance with the requirements of ADR / POGAT

Fines for violation of cargo transportation

• Transportation of heavy or large-sized cargo in the absence of a special pass and permit, if required, as well as in non-compliance with the route specified in the permit. For the driver - a fine of 2-2.5 thousand rubles or deprivation of driving license. Officials are required to pay from 15 to 20 thousand rubles, and legal entities. persons - from 400 to 500 thousand. The inspector can also detain the vehicle. Penalties are determined by Part 1 of Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offences.

• Transportation of large cargo exceeding the dimensions specified in the permit by more than 10 cm. The driver receives penalties in the form of 1.5-2 thousand rubles or deprivation of driving license for 2-4 months. Officials are required to pay from 10 to 15 thousand rubles, legal entities. persons - from 250 to 400 thousand rubles. The vehicle may be detained. Part 2 of Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses applies here.

• Transportation of heavy loads exceeding the maximum permissible weight or axle load specified in the issued permit by 15% or more. For the driver - a fine of 1.5-2 thousand rubles. Officials are required to pay from 10 to 15 thousand rubles, and legal entities. persons - 250-400 thousand rubles. Regulated by part 3 of article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offences.

• Violation of other rules for the transportation of goods with heavy weight and large dimensions, not specified in paragraphs 1-3 of Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offences. The driver receives a fine of 1-1.5 thousand rubles. For an official - from 5 to 10 thousand rubles, for a legal entity - from 150 to 250 thousand rubles.

The rules for the transportation of goods are mandatory, since they help all traffic participants to navigate the roadway in time if there are signs or, for example, to take special care if the next vehicle nearby is carrying dangerous cargo.

Video: Rules for transporting goods by road

Basic Concepts

The rules apply when transporting various piece cargo, metal cargo of all types, mobile equipment, reinforced concrete products and structures, containers, packaged piece cargo, cargo in transport packages, large and heavy cargo, timber cargo.

For goods considered in the rules and simultaneously included in the list, the requirements for the maritime transport of dangerous goods must also be met. The rules establish general requirements for loading and unloading of ships, ensuring safety during the transportation of general cargo. Including packaged hazardous substances, large and heavy cargo. Which, due to their inherent properties and characteristics, can, when transported by sea, create a threat to the life and health of people, lead to damage to ships and transported goods.

Requirements applicable to container shippers:

• Cargo requiring containers and packaging must be presented for transportation in serviceable containers and packaging;
• Containers and packaging for which state standards have been established or for which technical conditions have been established must comply with them.

Information features of cargo transfer

The shipper must promptly provide the carrier with all documents relating to the cargo required by the regulations. The shipper is liable to the carrier for losses caused as a result of untimely transfer or unreliability of such documents.

The sender is obliged to properly mark the cargo and provide the carrier with the necessary information about it. For this purpose, the shipper provides written information about the cargo in advance of loading. (Fig.1)

Rice. 1 Marking when packing cargo
1 - Danger sign;
2 - Manipulation signs;
3 — UN serial number;
4 - Classification code;
5 — Transport name.

In order to ensure the reliability and completeness of information about cargo that poses the greatest danger during sea transportation, the shipper entrusts the development of information about the cargo to a recognized organization.

Information about the cargo can be used for a period of validity established by the developer, depending on the nature and dynamics of changes in the transport characteristics and properties of the cargo.

Cargo, cargo packages and cargo transport units, including containers, must be loaded, stowed and secured on the ship during the entire voyage in accordance with the cargo securing manual.

Loading and unloading operations on board the ship are carried out in accordance with the instructions for securing cargo according to working technological documentation, developed and approved in the prescribed manner. (Fig.2)

Loading and unloading work on a ship

The sender of goods that pose the greatest danger during sea transportation organizes control over compliance with cargo information requirements. Also, issuing to the captain of the vessel a document on the safe stowage and securing of cargo. In the case of carriage of cargo on deck and carrying out work on its securing, obtaining a document confirming the exercise of due care to ensure the safe carriage of cargo is the responsibility of the carrier.

To obtain permission for a vessel to leave with cargo that poses a danger during sea transportation, the captain of the vessel provides the port captain with information about the cargo. Also, a document on its safe installation and fastening, issued by a recognized organization.

Requirements for cargo, containers, packaging and labeling

When presented for transportation by sea, it must be prepared taking into account the requirements of cargo standards, and also meet the requirements of sea transportation conditions and standards in terms of:

• Serviceability of containers and packaging;
• Availability and serviceability of seals, locks, control tapes;
• No leakage of liquid cargo in containers;
• Compliance of containers with regulatory documents;
• The presence of clearly visible markings on the container, including warning notices;
• Lack of washing of loads that are afraid of it;
• No odors or other signs indicating damage to the cargo.

Packaged dangerous goods

When preparing general cargo for transportation, it is necessary to consider:

1. Possibility of its displacement under the influence of pitching;
2. Danger associated with the possibility of fire, explosion and adverse effects on humans and the environment (toxicity, radiation);
3. Possibility of loss of quality or deterioration from exposure to moisture, dust, contamination, heat, corrosion, fumes and various types of bacteria;
4. Release of moisture, dust, heat and various odors;
5. The need to ensure certain temperature, humidity and ventilation conditions for transportation.

Based on compatibility, general cargo is divided into three categories:

1. Possessing aggressive properties;
2. Exposed to aggressive factors;
3. Neutral.

Vessel carrying general cargo

The packaging of cargo items weighing one ton or more must have devices (butts, eyes, hooks, etc.) to perform loading and unloading operations and securing cargo on the ship. The strength of these devices must correspond to the weight of the cargo package and the loads encountered during sea transportation. Lifting devices must not protrude beyond the outer surfaces of the container. If deficiencies are discovered that pose a risk of loss, damage or damage to the cargo or damage to the ship, the shipper must bring the container into compliance with the requirements of current regulatory documents.

Preparation of cargo spaces and ship equipment for cargo acceptance

Vessels offered by the carrier for loading must be in seaworthy condition, and the cargo spaces are prepared to receive cargo.

Preparation of the ship for receiving cargo should include:

1. Bringing cargo spaces into a condition appropriate for the given cargo and checking systems passing through the cargo spaces;
2. Checking the proper operation of cargo devices;
3. Checking the reliability of the closure of openings, access to which will be impossible after loading the vessel, and openings that, in accordance with their purpose, must be closed;
4. Checking the serviceability of devices used to monitor the water level in bilges, as well as drainage systems;
5. Checking the serviceability of fire protection systems and equipment;
6. Checking the tightness of hatch covers and the hydraulic system of the hatch cover drive.

Cargo premises must be cleared of remnants of previously transported goods, and the nature of the cleaning of the premises depends on the type of cargo to be transported:

• Before transporting construction materials, metal products, mobile equipment, unpackaged cargo and other cargo not exposed to dust, odors, etc., dry cleaning of holds is carried out;
• Before transporting food and plant cargo, cotton, fabrics and other industrial goods in small packaging or bags, cargo spaces must be washed, dried and ventilated;
• If there are odors, cargo spaces must be deodorized;
• After transporting salted fish, wet-salted skins, liquid fats, salt, livestock and other similar cargo, the holds must be washed, and after transporting wet-salted skins and disinfected;
• After transporting dusty, polluting cargo, for example, bulk coal, the holds must be washed with water from hoses.

Cleaning the vessel after cargo transportation

To protect against impacts from cargo, ship systems (pipes) in the ship's cargo spaces must be protected with metal or wooden casings. Bilge bilges must be opened and cleaned. If there is an odor in the bilges, after washing they should be dried and sprayed with lime milk, potassium permanganate, 1% ammonia solution or other deodorizing agents. The necks of all tanks must be checked for leaks. The drainage system inlets and measuring tubes must be inspected and cleaned. Ship's booms and cranes must be raised and secured in such a way as not to interfere with the operation of shore cranes.

When using ship lifting equipment, they must be checked in advance and made ready in accordance with the requirements of the technical operation rules and ship technical documentation.

Vessel, with built-in lifting crane

Before stowing deck cargo, the following must be done:

1. Provide and install a sufficient number of strong eyes and butts for fastening the lashings;
2. Protect pipelines running along the deck from possible damage by cargo;
3. Check the reliability of the hatch covers;
4. Clean the scuppers and storm ports from dirt and check their serviceability;
5. Select the necessary fastening devices and place them at loading points;
6. Prepare the necessary materials with a high coefficient of friction and place them at loading points;
7. Mark areas on the deck that must be left free of cargo to provide access to fire stations, hatches, doors, etc.

The readiness of cargo spaces for the transportation of a specific type of cargo is checked by the ship's administration, which is recorded in the ship's log.

The Rules for the Transportation of Goods by Road (OPPGAT or PPGAT) have existed since July 25, 2011 and are an updated version of similar Rules of the year 1977.

There are several main documents regulating the transportation of goods across the territory of the Russian Federation: Rules (PPGAT), Charter (UAT), Convention (International Convention on the Contract of Carriage or CMR) and, of course, SDA. Many standards, described in some detail in Russian GOSTs, regulate specific stages of transportation (for example,) and different aspects of these stages (for example, Safety Rules for Loading). Such specific cases are not considered by the general Rules for the transportation of goods, therefore only the general relations between the cargo carrier, the client and intermediaries are described below.

In total, more than 4 thousand federal laws can be considered the rules for the transportation of goods, which account for about 10 thousand different standards and regulations. Most of them were developed in the Soviet Union, but only a few have not undergone changes. It makes no sense to consider the rules for the transportation of goods with such care, but it is highly recommended to get acquainted with the basic documents.

Traffic rules and rules for the carriage of goods

The document is the easiest to review, since it does not contain specific standards, but only refers to the standards of PPGAT, the Rules for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods (ADR), Oversized Goods, etc. The carriage of goods is covered in paragraph 23 of the Rules, divided into 5 parts:

• 23.1 ;
• 23.2 Cargo control during loading operations (fastening and placement) and along the way;
• 23.3 Correct placement of the cargo (without limiting visibility, making it difficult to control, without obscuring identification marks, creating noise, dust and dirt);
• 23.4 Transport and labeling;
• 23.5 Transportation and .

Interaction of UAT with the Rules for Cargo Transportation

The Charter of Motor Transport is the most important document regulating the activities of all motor transport enterprises, as well as enterprises and citizens using their services. This act highlights the most significant points, as well as the procedure for interaction between the sender, carrier and recipient. To do this, a number of concepts fixed by definitions are used (baggage, passenger, ticket, cargo), of which the following are worth highlighting:

• Shipper- a person (individual or legal) specified in such capacity in the contract of carriage and in the specification form. The sender does not necessarily own the cargo, but should otherwise have the right to act on its behalf.
• Consignee- a person who has the right to receive the cargo.
• Work order- one of the forms of a freight agreement.
• Container— reusable equipment (volume more than 1 m³), ​​used to eliminate the stage of cargo transshipment from one vehicle to another during loading and unloading operations.
• Carrier- individual entrepreneur or legal entity. the person responsible for transportation (passenger, cargo, luggage) as well as for issuing the cargo to the recipient.
• Waybill— a document that notes the completion of planned work, serves to record and control the driver’s activities.
• Perishable cargo— requiring, during transportation, the maintenance of a certain temperature specified in the contract of carriage.
• TTN- a document confirming the existence of a contract of carriage. Used during transportation.
• Freight. Charterer is the person who pays for the use of the vehicle (all or part). Charterer is a person who provides the charterer with a vehicle (or part of its volume) under a charter agreement.

It is worth noting that a freight agreement can be concluded in parallel with a transportation agreement and involve third and fourth parties in the process of transporting goods. Those. The carrier can become a charterer and use the freighter’s vehicles to transport cargo (passengers, luggage). This situation can be very confusing for all parties, but the final carrier has the most vulnerable position in it, due to some shortcomings that currently exist in UAT and PPGAT.

When using several vehicles, it is necessary to draw up a number of invoices that corresponds to the number of vehicles used.

Contract of carriage

A controversial issue can arise at any stage of transportation, therefore, both the sender of the cargo and its recipient must note in the transport documents (these include waybills, waybills and accompanying statements) not only the time of delivery of the vehicle to the loading or unloading points, but also departure time from them.

You should be guided by the Rules for the carriage of goods by transport in the event that the point in question is not directly specified in the contract. For example, if loading (transportation or unloading) requires special devices, then they are installed by the sender and dismantled by the recipient. Under a standard contract, this equipment is left to the recipient, so the contract usually includes a clause according to which the return of the equipment is made through the carrier, and the recipient pays for the work. However, there are clauses that must be included in the contract:

• Subject of the agreement, i.e. provision of cargo transportation services. The address of loading and unloading, conditions for transfer and acceptance of cargo are specified.
• Deadlines. There are standards for loading and unloading cargo, the duration of which is usually not specified. The general transportation period, on the contrary, is one of the most important points of the contract; the terms of delivery to an intermediate destination, the terms of fulfillment of obligations on both sides can be specified, i.e. terms of transportation and payment.
• Price. The price may be indicated together with calculations based on current tariffs and payment for additional services.
• Responsibility. In case of failure to perform or poor-quality performance of standard work, the UAT provides for certain fines, for example, for failure to load. However, the parties can specify their own sanctions for failure to fulfill certain obligations.

Preliminary work begins by the Carrier after the client has submitted an application, in order to determine the possibility of transporting cargo and concluding an agreement. Cargo transportation work is carried out after the completion of the preparatory work has been completed.

Rules for the transportation of goods by road transport

Rules for the carriage of goods 2011 - the latest edition of the PPGAT. The next update is scheduled for January 2015, but PPGAT 2015 will not receive significant changes. In relation to UAT, the Rules for the road transport of goods act as a clarifying addition. Thus, the conceptual apparatus of UAT is supplemented here with several new terms:

• Accompanying statement. If necessary, the delivery of a cargo container (both empty to the consignor and full to the consignee) is documented in a special accompanying statement drawn up by the carrier.
• Party cargo a - cargo transported under one document (several names).
• Cargo space- an object used for transportation.
• Heavy cargo.
• Oversized cargo.
• Divisible load- a load that can be placed in two or more places without the risk of harm.

Of course, the most important condition for transportation is time standards, but there is currently no exact definition of delivery delays and downtime in PPGAT. However, there are, and it is necessary to know the boundaries and conditions of its purpose. The time after which a vehicle is considered late (for loading or unloading) is two hours. This time interval can be specified in the contract.

The need to interact with different parties during the formation of a transportation order leads to the emergence of additional intermediaries.

Conclusion of an agreement

A standard contract for the carriage of goods The rules are considered from all sides, but in fact, to conclude it, the carrier only needs to pick up the cargo and sign the cargo form. This conclusion follows from paragraph 6 of the GCP, which states that an agreement can be concluded by accepting an order for execution (or an application, if there is an agreement on organizing the carriage of goods). Exceptions to this are listed in paragraph 13 of the RCP. The same nod can be found in the first paragraph of Article 8 of the UAT.

After placing an order, it begins to be reviewed by the carrier, as a result of which he may refuse to provide services. A decision on the order must be made within 3 days after it is accepted for consideration (7th paragraph of the PPGAT). The refusal must be issued in writing and handed to the shipper (the owner of the cargo or his authorized representative). The cargo transportation rules provide detailed instructions on the interaction of the parties in this regard.

The sequence of loading and unloading operations is established and regulated by the rules of cargo transportation. If the shipper loads the transported cargo into a vehicle or container in violation of the established rules, he must eliminate them at the request of the carrier. Otherwise, the carrier has the right to refuse its obligations to transport the goods.

According to the BCP instructions, only the sender can submit an application (order) for the provision of cargo transportation services, which in real life causes many problems. This restriction is aimed at eliminating intermediaries, but the dispatcher checking the legal status of each company placing an order will be in a difficult position.

Transportation of groupage cargo assumes that transport will be used to fulfill several orders at the same time, which reduces the price and speeds up the work.

After positive consideration of the order, a technical specification form is drawn up. However, at this point the UAT and the New Rules for the Transportation of Goods have some contradictions. The charter assumes that the invoice is drawn up by the sender, which is quite logical. The rules state that the sender and the carrier fill out the standard TTN sheet (given in Appendix No. 4) jointly. In particular, the carrier, after agreement with the sender, is asked to fill out positions 8-11, 13, 15 and 16 on his half of the sheet.

Additional documents

Point 8 of the BCP will allow the sender to request a special document from the carrier, which provides a detailed cost calculation. The price list must contain the carrier's probable profits and losses, current tariffs and calculation of the cost of a specific service, and reflect the calculation system used by the carrier. Unfortunately, this document does not provide any advantage to companies that follow the letter of the law.

Other additional documents are drawn up in an attempt to pre-trial resolve controversial issues. So-called acts are drawn up when the following cases occur:

• Failure to pick up the cargo by the company specified in the contract as the carrier;
• Failure to provide a vehicle or container;
• Damage to cargo (shortage during unloading);
• Failure to present the goods when loading by the sender;
• Refusal by the sender of the chartered vehicle;
• Delay;
• Downtime (delay) of a vehicle prepared for loading and unloading operations.

The interested party draws up the act itself, but without the participation of the opposite party, it can do this only by notifying it. If the other party avoids drawing up the act, it is necessary to record the fact of notifying it by sending a notification to all interested parties, including counterparties. Also, the drawing up of the act must be noted in the waybill, TTN and work order.

In the freight order there is a special column “Reservations and comments of the freighter”, in which the driver (freighter) is obliged to make notes if the conditions of transportation change directly during transportation.

Fine and deadlines established by the Rules for the carriage of goods

The amount of penalties is prescribed in paragraphs 34 and 35 of the Charter. Most of them are associated with disruption of loading and unloading, delays and transport downtime. It is important to note that the work of specialized equipment is rated higher by the UAT: fines for simple specialized equipment. techniques have been doubled.

Proper execution of the contract is described in paragraphs 24-26 of the PPGAT. The rules for the transportation of goods describe such issues as deadlines for submitting a vehicle, the procedure for unloading and loading operations, and time frames. Thus, a delay is considered to be the arrival of a vehicle for loading with a delay of more than two hours (from the time specified in the order). The arrival time is indicated in the waybill or in the act drawn up by the driver (forwarder) (if the vehicle was not allowed to the loading zone due to the fault of the sender or recipient).

The sender may refuse to cooperate with the carrier if his actions do not comply with the rules for the carriage of goods or the contract of carriage. In particular, the sender may refuse to fulfill the contract if the driver cannot present an identification document (29th paragraph of the BCP).

Any act must be drawn up by the interested party exactly on the day of the incident that serves as the reason for its writing. If it is impossible to do this immediately, you must draw up the act within the next 24 hours.

Please note that the New Rules for the Transportation of Goods differentiate between the activities of the carrier and the charterer. Attached is a separate form intended for concluding a freight agreement. It is easy to see that under this agreement the charterer does not take responsibility for keeping the cargo intact. He is responsible only for the timing of the delivery of the vehicle for unloading and loading.

Both the sender of the cargo and its recipient must note in the transport documents (these include the waybill, waybill and accompanying statements) not only the time of delivery of the vehicle to the loading or unloading points, but also the time of departure from them.

The terms for loading and unloading goods are described in the appendix to the PPGAT, although in reality their implementation is quite difficult. The rules for the transportation of goods are directly determined in paragraph 63. It states that a vehicle with cargo must travel at least 300 km of the declared route per day. The return of cargo and the terms of return, in case of refusal to accept it, are described in paragraph 67 of the Rules.

Transportation of oversized and heavy cargo is regulated by a number of requirements, standards and rules, which are described in the relevant documents. However, it should be remembered that despite the fact that oversized cargo must be transported in accordance with special rules developed specifically for this category of cargo, traffic rules still play a dominant role during transportation. It is worth keeping in mind that large and heavy cargo can be transported by road only if the cargo cannot be transported in parts. In addition, it is prohibited to transport cargo if it exceeds the size of the car in front by more than 2 meters and in the rear by more than 4 meters. The only exception can be when reducing the load is impossible and transporting the load in parts can be very difficult and expensive. Particular attention should be paid to the requirement that if, when loading goods, it is possible to choose the dimensions of the load (width, height or length), then exceeding the permitted width should be avoided.

The maximum speed of movement is determined by the special permit holder depending on the size of the cargo, its weight and other nuances and road conditions.

In this case, the speed should not exceed: the maximum permissible speed of the vehicle is 80 km/h.

Transportation of oversized items is permitted only if a number of conditions are met:

1. The load does not impair the driver’s visibility;

2. Does not have a negative impact on the stability of the vehicle;

3.Does not cover reflectors, lighting devices, identification marks, does not interfere with the perception of hand signals given to the driver;

4.Does not create noise, does not raise dust during transportation, does not harm the road or the environment.

If one of these conditions is violated while driving, the driver’s task is to eliminate the violation. If for any reason this is not possible, you must stop driving, otherwise a fine will be issued for transporting large cargo.

Instructions for the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo pay special attention to the loads acting on each axle of the vehicle. In no case should their value exceed that permitted by the manufacturer. In general, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the semi-trailer, which also should not exceed the maximum permissible values. However, even if all calculations are carried out correctly, the safety of the route largely depends on the qualifications of the driver - the rules for transporting large-sized cargo require him to constantly monitor the quality of cargo securing and their location on the platform.

The responsibilities of a large cargo driver include:

1.before departure, make sure that the cargo is in good condition and check this throughout the entire journey;

2. keep to the right on the road and, if necessary, stop in a suitable place to allow cars behind you to pass, or give way to oncoming cars.

The responsibilities of a large cargo carrier include:

1. organize transportation in such a way that it least interferes with and threatens other road users;

2. avoid transportation during rush hours and at other times when, due to road or weather conditions and frequency of traffic, it is dangerous and causes an obstacle to the movement of other vehicles;

3.if possible, avoid transportation in residential areas, also along busy streets and intersections;

4.take into account buildings located on the side of the road: traffic signs, power lines, etc. If necessary, agree with the road owner on the temporary removal of obstacles on the road;

5.Strictly follow the established route. If it is necessary to change the route, you must again apply for a new special permit. The carrier company and the driver performing the flight are responsible for ensuring the safety of oversized cargo during transportation. However, this is often not enough, since the sender wants to play it safe in order to be completely confident that the expensive cargo will be delivered to its destination on time, safe and sound. In such cases, transport companies offer to use the service of escorting oversized items. The cargo is accompanied by so-called “cover vehicles” - vehicles equipped with special signals, and in some cases with special markings. Thus, the presence of cover vehicles notifies all road users that oversized cargo is being transported, a special speed limit and other rules for the transportation of oversized cargo are observed.

In addition to cover vehicles, escort and security vehicles (as a rule, these are traffic police vehicles) may also accompany oversize vehicles. Their presence makes cargo transportation as secure and safe as possible. Escorting oversized cargo requires additional financial investments, but such expenses are more than reasonable, especially when transporting valuable cargo (expensive or exclusive equipment). In addition, accompanying oversized items can significantly speed up the transportation process, and the sender can be confident that the cargo will arrive on time. In addition to all of the above, there are also requirements for the technical condition, equipment of vehicles and the designation of cargo. Vehicles transporting oversized cargo and heavy loads must be equipped with special light signals (flashing beacons) of orange or yellow color.

The requirements for the transportation of oversized and bulky cargo are divided into several groups, based on the size and dimensions of the cargo. To get a more detailed and clear picture, the author compiled the following table:

Parameters of a road train with cargo	Parameter changes	Need for permission	Cover car	Patrol car
Length of the road train with cargo (m)		necessary
		necessary	necessary
	30 or more	necessary		necessary
Width of the road train with cargo (m)		necessary
		necessary	necessary
		necessary		necessary
Height of the road train with cargo (m)		necessary
	4.50 or more	development of a route depending on obstacles using special equipment for lifting electrical networks, etc.
Weight of the road train with cargo (t)		necessary
	44 or more	development of a special project

In addition, on vehicles transporting large-sized and heavy cargo, identification signs “Road Train”, “Large Load” and “Long Vehicle” must be installed. Sign “Road Train” Sign “Large Load” Sign “Long Vehicle”

Road train sign indicated in the form of three orange lights located horizontally on the roof of the cab with intervals between them from 150 to 300 mm. This sign is installed on trucks and wheeled tractors with trailers, as well as on articulated buses and trolleybuses.

"Large cargo" sign designated in the form of a shield measuring 400x400 mm with diagonally applied red and white alternating stripes 50 mm wide with a reflective surface.

Long vehicle sign indicated in the form of a yellow rectangle measuring at least 1200x200 mm with a red border (40 mm wide), having a reflective surface. This sign is installed on the back of vehicles whose length with or without load is more than 20 m, and road trains with two or more trailers. If it is impossible to place a sign of the specified size, it is allowed to install two identical signs measuring at least 600x200 mm symmetrically to the axis of the vehicle.