/ What is ceiling frieze?

What is a ceiling frieze?

The design of ceilings includes far more than just finishing the surface itself. You also need to worry about a beautiful junction between the wall and the ceiling surface. A ceiling frieze will help make this joint more aesthetically pleasing. In fact, this name hides the familiar ceiling plinth, which also has names: fillet, baguette, cornice and others.

What can it be made of?

There are quite a lot of materials from which such products are made. However, for the most part, those options that are available in the store and are reasonable in price are used. The most common and affordable fillets will be made from the following materials:

• Polyurethane

Plastic

This type of skirting boards is used when installing panel coverings. The fillet simultaneously serves as a fastening element and as a decoration for the joint. Most often, such skirting boards are designed to match the color of the panels used or are painted white.

Installation is carried out using screws screwed into dowels. However, the installation of this element is carried out simultaneously with the installation of the entire ceiling, so it is not purchased or used separately. Other types of plastic friezes are not particularly popular.

Polyurethane and foam

Despite the similarity of names, these are completely different materials with various properties. Polystyrene foam is a lightweight and rather fragile material. Polyurethane, on the contrary, is heavy and bends easily. In terms of price, these materials differ significantly - foam plastic will be the cheapest finishing method of all, and polyurethane fillets are quite expensive.

It makes sense to use foam skirting boards when the renovation budget is small and time is limited. Despite this, after gluing, foam cornices will look quite good if they are painted and the boundaries between adjacent elements are puttied.

Polyurethane friezes have phenomenal flexibility, but they weigh much more than foam ones. Therefore, the most durable adhesives should be used for gluing them. The price of such a finish will be much higher, but due to its flexibility, in many cases polyurethane products become the only possible finishing option.

Tree

A noble and very expensive finishing option. Accordingly, the cost of wooden fillets will be rather high. However, for your money you will get a very beautiful design of the junction of the wall and ceiling. In classic interiors, there is nothing better than a ceiling frieze made of wood, such as the one in the next photo.

Wooden design elements will have to be secured not with glue, but with screws or nails. Glue is used only in cases where, after installation, the product is not intended to be painted. In other cases, the heads of nails or screws are sealed with putty and, after drying, painted to match the color of the wood.

Gypsum

A very expensive design option. Gypsum cornices need to be purchased with a fairly large reserve, since they are quite fragile and often break during installation. In addition, after installation, they must be carefully puttied and painted.

Installation is carried out either with glue or with nails. However, the track is often insufficient, which causes parts to peel off and fall out, therefore, it is worth using both fastening options at the same time. After all parts of the cornice are secured, the joints are puttied, and the entire surface of the frieze is painted.

How to choose

Like any other item, you have to carefully choose a ceiling molding. You need to pay attention not only to what it is made of, but also to its width. You can decide what width is best to glue the ceiling frieze based on the height of the walls of the room. The larger the room, the wider this element can be.

In addition, you must carefully select the design that will decorate the product. In most cases, a simple smooth surface is sufficient, but in some interiors it is better to choose details with voluminous or flat patterns applied to them.

The last characteristic of this part that you should pay attention to is its profile. It can be flat, with one wave or several bends. You need to choose the option that best suits your specific interior.

Modern designers and architectural experts make it possible to make each home special, unlike the others. The widest area of ​​application of fantasies and ideas is the facade of a building, the most of which is the entablature.

Coming from the French word entablement, from table (table, board), an entablature in architecture is a horizontal, weightless part of a beam floor, usually lying on columns, pilasters, pillars as the overlap of their span, or the completion of a wall. It arose on the basis of wooden beam ceilings of temples from Antiquity.

It is the entablature crowning the columns that is a classical architectural form that is an integral part of the facade of any Ancient Greek temple or building in Ancient Rome. It was an essential part of the facade and was used in conjunction with a system of columns, forming an architectural order.

The structure of the columns and the entablature itself directly depends on the chosen order. But regardless of which order is chosen, the facade of the building is made in an imitative manner of the ancient Greek style, adapted to modern style. During the Renaissance, the entablature gained popularity only above the upper part of the facade, without a system of columns. This option is often used in the modern style of finishing buildings.

The entablature is divided into three most important architectural elements of the building:

• architrave;
• frieze;
• cornice.

It is generally accepted that the architrave, that is, the main part of the structure, comes from longitudinally located wooden beams that were laid on columns. The frieze came from the ends of the transverse beams, laid on top of the longitudinal ones, subsequently covered with slabs. Cornice is a strongly protruding part of the roof, designed to protect the facade of the building from precipitation.

The concept of entablature is used in relation to styles in construction chosen as an example, based on examples of classical architecture: classicism, neoclassicism, partly baroque. With the advent of stone buildings, the entablature began to lose some of its components.

Since the Renaissance, in addition to their functionality, architectural elements have received creative interpretation. Structures without defined parts are called:

• lightweight, entablature without architrave;
• incomplete when the frieze is missing.

Sometimes it becomes difficult to determine whether an entablature is incomplete or lightweight. To do this, you need to have an understanding of canonical orders.

Architectural orders

Architectural order (from the Latin order, structure) is a certain, established combination of elements of facade architecture, subordinate to one style, in compliance with the proportions and relationship of the arrangement of supporting and load-bearing structures in accordance with each other. There are three main orders:

• Doric;
• ionic;
• Corinthian.

Doric and Ionic are considered the main ones, while Corinthian is a secondary, more luxurious version of Ionic. In the architecture of ancient Greece, the main elements are the crepida (foot), columns, walls, roofs with a triangular pediment and the entablatures themselves.

The name of the orders comes from the area where they arose and the names of the tribes that lived in those places: the Dorians and Ionians, who were the main ancient tribes of Hellas. Thus, the emergence of the main orders dates back to archaic times, but they developed and reached the peak of perfection in the era of classicism.

Greek art tended to strive to reflect the image and structure of man through art, and architecture was no exception. For this reason, the orders differed from each other in plasticity, which is also characteristic of the human body.

Thus, the Doric order denotes the masculine principle; it is simple, massive, monumental, loaded. Ionic is a reflection of the feminine essence, lighter, more graceful, not overloaded, devoid of internal and external tension, plastic. Orders made of stone are the successors of the ancient wooden system, and therefore they contain traces of it in the form of simple and clear logical forms.

Doric order

The wooden prototype of the order had a massive structure, simple and austere, and consisted of the following parts:

• stereobat or crepida – stepped base;
• load-bearing supports in the form of columns;
• weightless façade structure – entablature.

The construction of the Doric order temple was based on a three-stage foundation, that is, a crepid. These were steps not meant to be walked on. Their height depended on the overall scale of the building. A single measure of the size of both the structure itself and its individual parts was the module.

To make the column more stable, its trunk narrowed at the top, and it was crowned with a capital, thanks to which a more convenient transition of the horizontal beams to the vertical plane of the columns was carried out. The capitals were covered with slabs on top: one - in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, echinus, held a square slab, the abacus.

The trunk of the Doric order column did not have a base and rested on the stylobate, that is, the upper slab of the stereobat. It had from sixteen to twenty vertical gutters of segmental cross-section, with sharp edges - flutes. Distinctive feature Greek order - expressiveness, artistry and plasticity in processing and harmony in the proportionality of its components.

Doric architrave represented by a wooden load-bearing beam, smooth, ended with a shadow, that is, a shelf. And under it there was an additional shelf - a regulator. The middle part of the entablature, that is, the frieze, was equipped with alternating slabs with vertical cutouts, called triglyphs. Between the triglyphs there were metopes; they were sometimes decorated with bas-reliefs. Vertical cutouts were located on the axis of the column and in the spans between them, the corner triglyph was located in the very corner of the frieze.

The Doric cornice overhangs the structure heavily. The hanging part of the cornice is beveled down, this is done so that water does not flow under it. A clearly defined horizontal line of the cornice visually completes its overall appearance and composition. The lower cornice slab is crowned with rectangular mutuls. To drain rainwater, a gutter was installed at the top of the cornice and on the side facades, which in turn went onto the sloping pediment cornice.

The pediment is usually a triangular, final detail of the facade of the building, which is limited on the sides by the cornice and roof slope. On the pediments there were recessed places called tympanums, on which sculptural compositions were usually installed, and the middle and corners were decorated with individual statues or ornaments.

Ionic order

The difference between the Ionic order and the Doric mainly lies in details and proportions. The column's base and capital are profiled. Base forms are divided into:

• Attic;
• Asia Minor

The Attic base is characterized by clarity and conciseness. The components of its profile are two shafts, between which there is an architectural concave break - scotia. The main elements are separated by shelves, and the shafts are decorated with braiding or grooves. The broken bases had a curved line, apparently they were drawn and subsequently made by eye.

Currency in architecture appeared on the developed Ionic capitals in the form of a cushion with two scrolls, which were located between the abacus and echinus. The horizontal divisions of the capitals were decorated with ornaments. Unlike Doric proportions, Ionic ones have an openwork, light structure filled with free space. The use of currency in architecture is an integral element of the decor of the Ionic and Corinthian facades.

The component parts of the entablature also differ. The architrave is divided into three strips projecting one above the other, which were called fasces. The frieze, unlike the Doric, did not have triglyphs; they were almost completely covered with bas-reliefs.

The Ionic cornice was decorated with a strip of ionics, egg-shaped ornaments, and was divided into an upper extension and a lower supporting part. All elements of the building's architecture were developed individually. Ionic temples were built with some shifting or tilting of columns and some other changes in comparison with the basic proportionality of the Doric order.

Optical illusions were present in Ionic buildings, for example, the technique of thickening corner columns was used in order to appear thinner against the background of a light sky. The horizontal lines of the entablature, as well as the steps and the upper part of the stylobate, were slightly curved upward. Due to this, there was no effect of deflection of the building horizontals. The trunk of the column was made slightly swollen, giving the impression that it was flattened under the weight of the entablature.

Components of the Corinthian order, which is the most refined of all: high columns, trunks, base, cut flutes. The main distinguishing feature is a carved capital in the form of a basket of acanthus leaves, which became especially widespread thanks to the Romans.

The entablature of the Corinthian order has all the components of the Ionic order. Only the capital has special characteristic features in the Corinthian order. It is made more luxuriously, bringing to life the artist’s plans, it is lighter and more refined.

Entablature details

Facade architecture, made in ancient antique styles, classicism and some others, contains such a composition detail as an entablature. True, in modern realities the concept of a certain architectural style is quite arbitrary, since most often buildings are made in an eclectic, that is, mixed style.

The materials used are stone, its artificial version, and gypsum. Stucco is a traditional material for an entablature, giving it an antique look, but the main disadvantage of this material is that it is capricious, susceptible to weather damage and is not durable.

The building, made in the ancient architectural order, has the main elements:

• a structure made of posts and beams, the column being considered its main element. Its top ended with a capital. The lines of the columns gave the building a solemn and monumental appearance. Although there were structures that did not have rows of columns, even then the order was called incomplete;
• stereobat - the base on which the columns rested. This is a stone foundation, slightly elevated above ground level, stepped. The top slab of the stereobat is a stylobate;
• an entablature resting on columns and supports, and in turn consisting of a cornice, frieze and architrave.

Architrave

The architrave is the main beam resting directly on the capitals of the colonnade. The Doric architrave is smooth, while the Ionic and Corinthian architrave has one or more ledges. This is an important, fundamental element of the entablature.

Friezes and cornices

Frieze - the middle part of the entablature in the form of a strip or seam, a long protrusion, as if sandwiched between the cornice and the architrave, decorated with lush ornaments and relief plot images. The order system described above turned out to be very stable and in demand, and was used for a long time in construction.

The frieze of the Doric order is composed of triglyphs - rectangular slabs standing vertically, with several grooves on them, and metopes, which are either stone, decorated with paintings or reliefs. Metopes are also decorated along the upper horizontal edge with guttas - cones with a small truncated top or cylinders. The Ionic and Corinthian frieze is completely decorated with stucco or remains smooth. Often the wall is bordered by a wide strip on which there are picturesque or sculptural images that completely cover it - this is also a frieze.

Most people who do not have an architectural education often confuse the entablature with the cornice itself. Although this is fundamentally wrong, since the first is a monumental beam covering consisting of several parts, and the cornice is a horizontally protruding part of the wall, the edge of the roof that protects it from rain and supports the roof.

Entablature cornices

The traditional purpose of cornices is to protect the building from rainwater, but in architecture they are also often used for artistic purposes, helping to create a certain appearance of the building, giving it solemnity and monumentality.

Crowning

The upper part of the entablature, separating the flat walls and roofs, is the crowning cornice. It looks like a horizontal relief seam covering the entire perimeter of the building. It not only has a decorative function, but also protects the wall of the structure from precipitation and heating under the rays of the sun. Therefore, the material required for this type of cornices must meet high requirements for resistance to negative natural phenomena. Most often, stone is used for crowning cornices, and an artificial version too, which has proven itself well in construction and use in similar details of the internal facade of a building.

Interfloor

Used to visually divide the wall into separate tiers. The classic profile of such a façade detail creates an atmospheric play of shadows on its surface. A façade lined with a cornice between floors will make the appearance of the building more elegant and expressive. It also has a functional purpose, as it serves as a drainage for water flowing from above, preventing it from flowing along the wall of the building, and also creates additional shade.

In modern architecture, a frieze is any strip on a building that runs horizontally and divides a facade, wall or other surface into parts. It can be covered with all sorts of relief compositions, plot-based or not, ornaments, as well as sculptures and bas-reliefs.

The main purpose of the frieze is decorative; it serves to enhance the external attractiveness of the building. They are also used as the basis of a load-bearing structure for future building elements. Made from different materials, it has gained particular popularity fake diamond, able to withstand bad weather and heavy loads without damage.

Smooth friezes on a building can be either an independent element or a preparatory element, with the future application of decorative elements to it. A smooth version of this architectural element helps to visually highlight some details of the facade and creates smooth transitions.

The first thing to do is decide on the material for the entablature. In addition to artificial finishing stone, modern technologies They suggest making it from polystyrene foam and polyurethane. Structures made from the latter are lightweight, so they do not overload the wall.

The appearance of polyurethane and expanded polystyrene is inferior to architectural stone; moreover, a stone entablature looks more impressive and will last much longer. If desired, you can purchase from specialized companies both individual parts of the entablature and the entire architectural order.

Construction companies produce cornices, friezes and architraves of the three main architectural orders: Ionic, Doric and Corinthian. Among other things, designers use them to create their own versions of facades and entablature decor options.

The entablature is often used in decoration country houses. However, you should always think about its appropriateness, because the style of the building as a whole must correspond to it. Thus, it is worth seeking advice from architectural professionals.

The frieze and cornice can be decorated with a large number of decorative elements, but you should not get too carried away by their presence, piling on each other and pretentiousness. It is very easy to overdo it with such decor, and the facade, instead of being light, carved, elegant and memorable, will turn out to be overloaded and lacking taste.

It would also be a mistake to try to combine parts of the entablature of different orders. For example, the frieze is from Ionic, and the architrave with cornice is from Doric. Such a mixture will no longer be eclectic; on the contrary, it will cause dissonance and inconsistency.

If the building design contains not only the entablature itself, but also a pediment located between the cornice and frieze, it should be made from a material such as polyurethane. Polyurethane gables are not only lightweight, they are not subject to rotting or cracking. Among other things, if desired, they can be repainted in any color.

Hearing the word “entablature”, an ignorant person should not be afraid. After all, it contains an invention that has been known since Antiquity and has not in vain earned its popularity. If used skillfully, such facade decor will make even a small house look like a luxurious estate.

Classical architecture

Here the frieze is the middle part of the entablature, located between the architrave and the cornice. In the Doric order, the frieze strip is divided by alternating triglyphs and metopes. In other architectural orders, the frieze is made smooth or decorated with shallow sculptural relief.

Architecture of the Middle Ages and Modern Times

Outside the strict framework of classical architecture, the decoration of the upper part of a structure in the form of a continuous strip between the main beam and the cornice, often with decoration, can also be called a frieze. The strip can be decorated with an ornament, painting (picturesque image) or sculptural relief.

Types of frieze

Anthymion - a type of frieze with convex ornaments, most often found in combination with an Ionian column.

see also

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Notes

Links

• Wikimedia Commons logo Wikimedia Commons has media on the topic Frieze
• Frieze, in architecture // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.

Excerpt characterizing the Frieze (architecture)

Oh Alix, my dear Alix! How can one get used to such horror? ...................... ..................... I'm so tired of begging and humiliating myself... Everything will be completely useless if the Cheka does not agree to send a request to Alapaevsk...... I will never know where to look for him, and I will never know what they did to him. Not an hour goes by without me thinking about such a dear face to me... What a horror it is to imagine that he lies in some abandoned pit or at the bottom of a mine!.. How can one endure this everyday nightmare, knowing that he has already will I never see him?!.. Just like my poor Vasilek (the name that was given to my dad at birth) will never see him... Where is the limit of cruelty? And why do they call themselves people?..
My dear, kind Alix, how I miss you!.. At least I would like to know that everything is fine with you, and that Dmitry, dear to your soul, does not leave you in these difficult moments......... ................................... If I had even a drop of hope left to find my dear Nikolai, I would seems to have endured everything. My soul seems to have gotten used to this terrible loss, but it still hurts a lot... Everything without him is different and so desolate.”

May 18, 1927. An excerpt from Princess Elena’s letter to Alexandra (Alix) Obolenskaya:
“The same dear doctor came again. I can’t prove to him that I simply don’t have any more strength. He says that I should live for the sake of little Vasilko... Is this so?.. What will he find on this terrible earth, my poor baby? ........................................ The cough has returned, and sometimes it becomes impossible to breathe. The doctor always leaves some drops, but I’m ashamed that I can’t thank him in any way. ................................... Sometimes I dream about our favorite room. And my piano... God, how far it all is! And did all this even happen? ........................... and the cherries in the garden, and our nanny, so affectionate and kind. Where is all this now? ................................ (out the window?) I don’t want to look, it’s all covered in soot and only dirty boots are visible … I hate damp.”

Originally, frieze is an architectural term referring to the continuous strip located between the main beam and the eaves of a building. Often the frieze is decorated with relief, ornament or painting. Its function is decorative. Later, a similar strip under the ceiling inside a building began to be called a frieze.

In fact, the frieze in the interior is a wide border running along the top of the wall. In addition, a decorative panel used to decorate a door or window opening is also called a frieze. We will consider the frieze as an element of wall decoration.

The frieze in the interior can be overhead or flat (simulated). In the first case, a border made of wood, plaster, or polyurethane is used. It can be smooth or embossed.

They imitate a frieze using paint or wallpaper. The lower border of the frieze is decorated with a narrow molding (strap).

Imitation frieze became widespread in the Victorian era. Then decorating walls with paintings came into fashion. In order not to spoil the walls with holes, a wooden plank was placed at a short distance from the ceiling, which, as a rule, went around the entire perimeter of the room. Hooks were driven into it, on which works of art were hung. This bar was called a picture rail, that is, a rail for pictures.

The distance from the plank to the ceiling cornice was sometimes painted or painted in a color contrasting with the walls. This border began to be called a frieze.

Today, picture rails are not a necessity, but their use is still common in Europe, especially in Britain. The friezes are painted, covered with wallpaper, decorated with lincrusta, and painted by hand.

Another type of frieze in the interior is tiled. A row of contrasting tiles or mosaics under the ceiling is a decorative border, which can also be called a frieze.

Sometimes the frieze in the bathroom, on the contrary, is formed due to the absence of tiles. The top row of tiles is not located directly under the ceiling, but at some distance from it. The gap is painted with moisture-resistant paint or covered with wallpaper. This option for wall decoration in bathrooms is quite relevant today.

Design: Varvara Shabelnikova

Design: Special Style Bureau

Design: studio “Abwarten!”

The height of the frieze is usually about 30 cm. But if desired, you can make it much narrower or wider.

Frieze in the interior: for what purpose?

1. Introduce the traditional classical component.

If this is an expensive interior in a classic style, wooden or stucco friezes are installed. If we are talking about a laconic design, a simulated frieze would be appropriate.

2. Visually reduce the height of the room.

If the ceiling is too high, the room may look uncomfortable. First of all, this applies to small spaces. The high ceilings make them look like a well. The frieze helps to visually reduce the height of the walls and thereby avoid the pipe effect.

Design: studio “Abwarten!”

It doesn’t matter whether the frieze merges with the ceiling or contrasts with it - the desired effect manifests itself in any case.

3. Visually level the top of the room.

Having multiple door and window openings at different heights can create a feeling of chaos and disharmony. The stripe under the ceiling visually aligns the top row. The horizontal draws attention to itself, making unevenness less noticeable.

The finishing touches at the end of any renovation or restoration of a room, of course, are decorative items and elements that focus on the choice of texture, color and shape of the materials used. One of these elements can be called friezes and borders, without which, today, it is no longer possible to imagine a modern, holistic interior.

The similarity between borders and friezes lies in the fact that both represent a decorative border for decorating walls, floors and ceilings, as well as dividing them into separate zones.

In order to avoid confusion, it is necessary to explain what, after all, is the difference between friezes and borders:

Frieze

A horizontal border, strip or ribbon with a patterned or ornamental image, raised, but sometimes can be flat with a width of 15 to 30 cm.

In the interior it serves as a frame for the upper part of the wall under the ceiling cornice, door and window openings.

Also, it is used to emphasize the beauty and rhythm of a separate fragment of tile masonry.

Wall and ceiling friezes are distinguished based on how they are attached to the surface: the wall frieze is glued tightly to the wall, and the ceiling frieze is glued with the upper part to the ceiling, the lower part to the wall.

Border

The border looks like a flat border, but, unlike the frieze, used to decorate the lower part of the walls (1/3 of the floor), above the baseboard, on the floor . The width of the border, on average, varies from 5 to 15 cm, and the material for it can be a strip of wallpaper, mosaic, tile, or polyurethane molding.

Friezes and borders in different rooms

Friezes in interior design can be very useful and even irreplaceable when you need to hide minor defects or irregularities on the surface. And with the help of a border, it is possible to visually zone a room; besides, in addition to horizontal placement, it can be used vertically.

We propose to consider relevant examples of the use of borders and friezes in premises for various purposes.

Bedrooms

Bedroom and bedroom are different, for example, the frieze in an adult’s room is different from the decorative bright border in a child’s room. In a girl's bedroom, the frieze can be more openwork and patterned than in a boy's room, and, of course, the style of a given room matters when choosing a relief strip.

The classic frieze is made of gypsum, although elements made of polyurethane are not inferior to it in both external and qualitative characteristics. Gypsum relief friezes will suit the bedroom interior for an adult with a certain developed taste.

For edging the joints of walls and ceilings, a young married couple can choose more modern version: wide strips of wood, or ornamental, hand-painted stripes.

In a children's bedroom, it would be completely inappropriate to frame it with carved wooden friezes or stucco molding; it is better to choose something more suitable for the child's age. So, a ribbon with a cheerful pattern that contrasts with the tone of the wallpaper will undoubtedly delight your baby, and the interior will not lose its childish charm.

Those whose rooms have enviably high ceilings can place a wide frieze in the middle of the bedroom walls. In a room with low walls, it is better to abandon the idea, as it will appear even lower.

Living room

In the interior of the living room, one involuntarily pays attention to literally everything: the color of the wallpaper, the texture of the furniture upholstery, the choice of chandelier and how organically the friezes and dividing borders look in this room.

The material for friezes here can be polyurethane stucco, wood carving or moldings of different widths. It all depends on the style of the living room and its contents, since a rich environment may not be able to withstand the additional visual stress coming from above. If the room for receiving guests is richly decorated with objects of elaborate shapes and colors, it is advisable to select modest friezes, almost devoid of relief, and decorate only the floor surface near the walls with borders.

It would be advisable to use more active patterned borders in restrained interior styles (Scandinavian, contemporary, minimalism), and in rooms with an emphasis on the quality of facing materials (Baroque, classicism, empire style). Here you can use gypsum ornamental stucco molding in the form of spectacular friezes, and decorate the lower part of the walls with border tape, at a distance of one meter from the floor.

Bathroom

If it comes to the bathroom, certain decorative techniques can be carried out provided that the area of ​​the room and the height of the ceilings, at best, are not oppressive.

In modest, low bathrooms, you can avoid the use of friezes, focusing on borders with a pattern and color that does not strongly contrast with the main tone of the walls.

In more spacious bathrooms, especially those with a predominance of light colors in the interior, you can use a striking border in the decor of the walls and floor at the same time.

If there is no urgent need, it is better to refuse to use embossed friezes under the ceiling of a small bathroom, since this is, firstly, quite ridiculous, and secondly, impractical: drips, splashes, cobwebs and dust are visible much more clearly on textured surfaces.

The material for borders, without any options, is tiles (or parquet boards on the floor); it is better to choose moisture-resistant friezes, for example, made of polyurethane, or wide embossed ceramic slabs. It makes no sense to separate different coatings bathroom walls with borders of wallpaper strips. At the very least, you should not do this in the area near the sink, bathtub and under the ceiling, because splashes of water and condensation in these places will soon affect the quality of the material.

Kitchen

If the bathroom is a constantly damp place, then in the kitchen, in addition, various fumes constantly accumulate on all surfaces and objects, therefore, it is recommended to take into account these features and the specifics of the room so that maintaining cleanliness in the room does not cause embarrassment.

The upper parts of the furniture are decorated with friezes in the kitchen interior if the distance to the ceiling does not exceed 30 cm. This design method allows you to achieve the integrity of the room, beautifully combining the ceiling with the facades.

Here it would be appropriate and practical to choose a frieze with a smooth surface without relief, made of wood or polyurethane, pre-primed and painted to match the furniture facades.

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It is customary to use borders in a kitchen to zone a room into a working and dining area. And you can take advantage of not only decorative differences, but also texture and quality. For example, separate work area, tiled, from non-working in the form parquet board, you can use an artificial stone border.

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The dining room, if located outside the kitchen space, can be decorated extremely subtly and thoughtfully. The friezes in it will look like borders with artistic painting, supported by thin moldings that best combine with the rich, eclectic decoration of the room.

To summarize the above, it is necessary to note the ability of traditional architectural elements to be introduced into a modern, progressive interior, while remaining the original source of your inspiration.