In women, this condition usually develops a few days before their period and is called “premenstrual syndrome.”
Unpleasant symptoms
This condition is familiar to most women. Many of them, several days (from one to 14) before the onset of menstruation, complain of:
- nagging pain in the lower abdomen;
- soreness and engorgement of the mammary glands;
- dizziness and nausea;
- swelling and constant thirst;
- poor appetite or, on the contrary, an irresistible desire to eat;
- feeling of palpitations, pain in the heart area;
- chills, fever.
In addition to physical discomfort, women may feel:
- irritability and aggression;
- tearfulness, bad mood;
- a sharp increase or decrease in sexuality;
- memory impairment;
- sleep disorders.
These manifestations disappear immediately after the onset of menstruation or in the first days after it.
Where does it come from?
It is believed that the condition is based on hormonal disorders, namely the excessive production of female sex hormones, which leads to disruption of the neuroendocrine regulation of various organs and systems of the body.
There is a point of view that nagging pain in the lower abdomen appears because the endometrial rejection has already begun in the uterus, which occurs during menstruation, and the cervix has not yet opened, which leads to the accumulation of blood and mucous fragments in the uterus, its overstretching and, accordingly, pain .
How to relieve PMS
PMS is a typical female ailment and, unfortunately, we cannot get rid of it, but we can alleviate it. To make it easier to overcome premenstrual irritation, a woman should monitor her health not only on the eve of her period.
1. Contact the specialists:
- visit a gynecologist and get tested to identify hormonal disorders;
- in case of severe emotional disturbances, consult a neurologist;
- Since diseases of other endocrine glands can worsen the condition, visit an endocrinologist.
2. Depending on the severity and duration of PMS manifestations, start taking medications prescribed by your doctor in advance (2-3 days in advance):
- if you have severe pain, antispasmodics will help you;
- good means are aimed at normalizing the activity of the autonomic nervous system;
- normalize the functioning of the central nervous system during PMS with the simplest sedatives - preparations of plant origin: motherwort, valerian, peppermint;
- the doctor may recommend that you take oral contraceptives, which eliminate discomfort on the eve of menstruation;
- in case of excessively heavy menstrual bleeding, a decoction of raspberry leaves (or adding them to brewed tea) has a good effect.
- try to drink less strong tea and coffee;
- limit fluid intake (up to 1.5 liters per day);
- Add less salt to your food;
- limit the consumption of potassium-rich foods: raisins, dried apricots, potatoes;
- try to eat less fatty foods;
- exclude spices, hot seasonings, and alcohol from your diet;
- try to give up meat and dairy products.
4. At least a week before and during your period, your diet should include plenty of calcium-rich foods. There is a lot of calcium in fresh green leafy vegetables: spinach, lettuce, cabbage, parsley. It is recommended to take multivitamins (especially those containing vitamins A, B and E). It is equally important to consume seafood, grains and nuts, which are rich in macro- and microelements.
5. To prevent PMS, proper rest and sleep are important.
6. It is important to fall asleep before 23.00, because it is at this time that hormones are produced and later falling asleep disrupts the processes of neuroendocrine regulation. It's better to sleep in a cool room. IN Get enough sleep and rest before and during your period.
7. Walk more, breathe clean air, but heavy physical labor should be limited.
8. Try to quit smoking.
9. Take a contrast shower in the morning and evening. Complete the procedure with cool water. A 15-minute bath with a water temperature of 38-39 °C with a decoction of peppermint, chamomile and horehound (1:1:1) will help reduce premenstrual tension. After this, rub lavender or lemon wormwood oil into your lower back.
10. Try to worry and be less nervous.
11. During PMS, as during all periods, you should not go to the bathhouse. High temperature can cause severe pain, and menstruation will be delayed.
12. Good for strengthening the nervous system breathing exercises and relaxation. Relax, close your eyes, concentrate your attention and try to mentally drive away the illness.
– a cyclically recurring symptom complex observed in the second half of the menstrual cycle (3-12 days before menstruation). It has an individual course and can be characterized by headache, severe irritability or depression, tearfulness, nausea, vomiting, skin itching, swelling, pain in the abdomen and in the heart area, palpitations, etc. Swelling, skin rashes, flatulence, painful engorgement of the mammary glands. In severe cases, neurosis may develop.
General information
Premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, are called vegetative-vascular, neuropsychic and metabolic-endocrine disorders that occur during the menstrual cycle (usually in the second phase). Synonyms for this condition found in the literature are the concepts of “premenstrual illness”, “premenstrual tension syndrome”, “cyclic illness”. Every second woman over the age of 30 is familiar with premenstrual syndrome firsthand; in women under 30, this condition occurs somewhat less frequently - in 20% of cases. In addition, manifestations of premenstrual syndrome are usually associated with emotionally unstable, thin, asthenic women who are more often engaged in intellectual activities.
Causes of premenstrual syndrome
The course of the crisis form of premenstrual syndrome is manifested by sympatho-adrenal crises, characterized by attacks of rising blood pressure, tachycardia, heart pain without abnormalities on the ECG, and panic. The end of a crisis is usually accompanied by copious urination. Often attacks are provoked by stress and overwork. The crisis form of premenstrual syndrome can develop from untreated cephalgic, neuropsychic or edematous forms and usually manifests itself after 40 years. The background for the crisis form of premenstrual syndrome is diseases of the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and digestive tract.
Cyclic manifestations of atypical forms of premenstrual syndrome include: increased body temperature (in the second phase of the cycle up to 37.5 ° C), hypersomnia (drowsiness), ophthalmoplegic migraine (headaches with oculomotor disorders), allergic reactions (ulcerative stomatitis and ulcerative gingivitis, asthmatic syndrome, uncontrollable vomiting, iridocyclitis, Quincke's edema, etc.).
When determining the severity of premenstrual syndrome, they proceed from the number of symptomatic manifestations, distinguishing between mild and severe forms of premenstrual syndrome. Light form premenstrual syndrome is manifested by 3-4 characteristic symptoms that appear 2-10 days before the onset of menstruation, or by the presence of 1-2 significantly pronounced symptoms. In severe forms of premenstrual syndrome, the number of symptoms increases to 5-12; they appear 3-14 days before the onset of menstruation. Moreover, all of them or several symptoms are significantly expressed.
In addition, an indicator of a severe form of premenstrual syndrome is always a disability, regardless of the severity and number of other manifestations. Decreased ability to work is usually observed in the neuropsychic form of premenstrual syndrome.
It is customary to distinguish three stages in the development of premenstrual syndrome:
- compensation stage - symptoms appear in the second phase of the menstrual cycle and disappear with the onset of menstruation; the course of premenstrual syndrome does not progress over the years
- subcompensation stage - the number of symptoms increases, their severity worsens, manifestations of PMS accompany the entire menstruation; Premenstrual syndrome becomes more severe with age
- stage of decompensation - early onset and late cessation of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome with minor “light” intervals, severe PMS.
Diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome
The main diagnostic criterion for premenstrual syndrome is cyclicality, the periodic nature of complaints that arise on the eve of menstruation and their disappearance after menstruation.
The diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome can be made based on the following signs:
- State of aggression or depression.
- Emotional imbalance: mood swings, tearfulness, irritability, conflict.
- Bad mood, feeling of melancholy and hopelessness.
- State of anxiety and fear.
- Decreased emotional tone and interest in current events.
- Increased fatigue and weakness.
- Decreased attention, memory impairment.
- Changes in appetite and taste preferences, signs of bulimia, weight gain.
- Insomnia or drowsiness.
- Painful tension in the mammary glands, swelling
- Headaches, muscle or joint pain.
- Worsening of the course of chronic extragenital pathology.
The manifestation of five of the above signs with the obligatory presence of at least one of the first four allows us to speak with confidence about premenstrual syndrome. An important part of the diagnosis is the patient’s keeping a self-observation diary, in which she should note all disturbances in her well-being over the course of 2-3 cycles.
A study of hormones (estradiol, progesterone and prolactin) in the blood allows us to determine the form of premenstrual syndrome. It is known that the edematous form is accompanied by a decrease in progesterone levels in the second half of the menstrual cycle. Cephalgic, neuropsychic and crisis forms of premenstrual syndrome are characterized by an increase in the level of prolactin in the blood. The prescription of additional diagnostic methods is dictated by the form of premenstrual syndrome and leading complaints.
Severe manifestation of cerebral symptoms (headaches, fainting, dizziness) is an indication for an MRI or CT scan of the brain to exclude focal lesions. EEG results are indicative for neuropsychic, edematous, cephalgic and crisis forms of the premenstrual cycle. In the diagnosis of the edematous form of premenstrual syndrome, an important role is played by measuring daily diuresis, recording the amount of fluid drunk, and conducting tests to study the excretory function of the kidneys (for example, Zimnitsky's test, Rehberg's test). In case of painful engorgement of the mammary glands, an ultrasound of the mammary glands or mammography is necessary to exclude organic pathology.
An examination of women suffering from one or another form of premenstrual syndrome is carried out with the participation of doctors of various specialties: neurologist, therapist, cardiologist, endocrinologist, psychiatrist, etc. Prescribed symptomatic treatment, as a rule, leads to an improvement in well-being in the second half of the menstrual cycle.
Treatment of premenstrual syndrome
In the treatment of premenstrual syndrome, drug and non-drug methods are used. Non-drug therapy includes psychotherapeutic treatment, adherence to work and proper rest, physical therapy, and physiotherapy. An important point is to maintain a balanced diet with sufficient amounts of plant and animal protein, plant fiber, and vitamins. In the second half of the menstrual cycle, you should limit the consumption of carbohydrates, animal fats, sugar, salt, caffeine, chocolate, and alcoholic beverages.
Drug treatment is prescribed by a medical specialist, taking into account the leading manifestations of premenstrual syndrome. Since neuropsychic manifestations are expressed in all forms of premenstrual syndrome, almost all patients are advised to take sedative (sedative) drugs several days before the expected onset of symptoms. Symptomatic treatment of premenstrual syndrome involves the use of painkillers, diuretics, and antiallergic drugs.
Leading place in drug treatment Premenstrual syndrome is treated with specific hormonal therapy with progesterone analogues. It should be remembered that the treatment of premenstrual syndrome is a long process, sometimes continuing throughout the entire reproductive period, requiring internal discipline from the woman and strict compliance with all doctor’s instructions.
How to relieve PMS symptoms after 40 years? This question worries many representatives of the fair sex. Scientists have found that the frequency of premenstrual syndrome largely depends on age: the older the lady, the more often it occurs. Thus, between the ages of 19 and 29 years, PMS is observed in 20% of women. After 30, approximately every third woman experiences the syndrome. And after 40 years, its frequency reaches 55%.
Why is this happening? To answer this question, you need to understand what age-related changes occur in the female body.
How does the female body change after 40 years?
After 40 years, a woman’s body undergoes significant changes. The main function of the ovaries gradually fades away, sex hormones begin to be produced in much smaller quantities. First of all, this affects menstruation. If earlier she came “on schedule,” now she is irregular. The discharge may become more abundant or, conversely, more scarce.
Due to a lack of sex hormones, PMS symptoms become more pronounced. A woman may be concerned about:
Women who believe patience is the only possible remedy for PMS suffer from symptoms of the syndrome on average 72 days a year. That is, throughout their lives, from the first menstruation to the onset of menopause, many representatives of the fair sex spend approximately 7 years and 8 months in torment! In this case, the sacrifices are completely in vain: there are many remedies that can eliminate unpleasant signs.
What will help cope with unpleasant symptoms?
To cope with PMS, a woman must monitor her health not only on the eve of menstruation, but also on the remaining days of the cycle. If the syndrome is severe, you should seek help from specialists:
To alleviate the symptoms of PMS after 40 years, it is important not only to follow your doctor’s recommendations, but also to lead a healthy lifestyle. A few days before menstruation, you need to avoid alcohol, strong tea and coffee, salty, spicy and smoked foods. Potassium and calcium-rich foods should be included in the diet: raisins, dried apricots, potatoes, bananas, spinach, cottage cheese.
To prevent PMS, proper sleep and rest are important. You should try to fall asleep before 23.00, since it is at this time that hormones are produced. Later falling asleep disrupts the processes of neuroendocrine regulation. Before going to bed, the room must be ventilated. It is also advisable to take daily walks and take a contrast shower.
Taking vitamins also helps relieve PMS after 40 years. Many doctors recommend to their patients the modern drug Lady’s formula Personal Menstrual System Strengthened formula. It contains natural ingredients: vitamins, minerals and medicinal plant extracts. They provide beneficial influence on the female body: fight PMS symptoms, normalize the menstrual cycle, improve well-being during menstruation. A natural biocomplex will help you feel great on any day of your cycle.
Now you know how to relieve PMS. Follow simple recommendations and enjoy healthy life no problem!
How to relieve PMS symptoms
This is, of course, a joke. However, both the ladies themselves and their immediate circle - relatives, friends, colleagues - suffer from this difficult condition. Mood swings, decreased performance, unpredictability, increased fatigue...
Certain changes in the body and behavior of representatives of the fair half before menstruation were noticed by ancient scientists. These days, many of us, even non-medics, know that this syndrome really exists. However, an attempt to understand its causes often allows one to logically understand why a particular sign is observed. Let's find out more about this condition.
PMS in women symptoms treatment
PMS, or premenstrual syndrome, is a set of symptoms or signs observed in some representatives of the fair sex during the so-called premenstrual days (2-10 days before menstruation) and disrupting their normal lifestyle. Remission (subsidence) occurs with the onset of menstruation and lasts 7-12 days.
1 in the absence of menstruation, i.e. before the onset of menstruation
2 during pregnancy
3 during menopause
4 when ovaries are removed
Why is interest in the syndrome growing over time?
This is mainly due to the fact that for many this condition has a negative impact on performance.
How to relieve PMS
Many ladies suffer from various discomforts before menstruation.
Wondering how to relieve PMS symptoms, they search various ways solutions to this problem.
However, to understand how to relieve PMS symptoms, we should consider how they manifest themselves in our lives.
PMS syndrome symptoms
Neuropsychic:
tearfulness, irritability, physical weakness, a tendency to aggressive behavior, and low mood are observed. Moreover, a decrease in mood predominates in younger women, and open aggression is most typical for the time shortly before the onset of menopause.
Cephalgic:
throbbing headaches radiating to the eyes. Sometimes accompanied by nausea.
Edema:
swelling, engorgement, tenderness of the breast; puffiness of the face and fingers. You may experience sweating and extreme sensitivity to scents.
Krizovaya:
occurs with sympathoadrenal crises (initially, blood pressure rises, later a feeling of palpitations and a feeling of compression behind the sternum are added. Crises often occur in the evening and at night. They are provoked by various kinds of stress, fatigue, intoxication due to various infections. At the end of the crisis, excessive urination may be observed.
Atypical:
other manifestations that do not fit into the above forms
According to statistical data, certain manifestations of the syndrome occur
in 70-90% of women,
but only 30-35% of patients turn to doctors.
It is also worth noting other general manifestations: flatulence and pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, changes in appetite, changes in sexual desire, muscle cramps in the legs, itchy skin and others.
PMS has stages (compensation, subcompensation and decompensation) and degrees (mild and severe).
Often, the same woman has symptoms from different clinical forms.
This syndrome is characterized by diversity. Ladies are forced to turn to different specialists. In addition, some physical and mental health problems may also worsen shortly before your period.
Why do some people have PMS, and life becomes unbearable for several days, but others don’t? When does it develop?
Important. The older a woman is, the more likely she is to develop PMS.
Besides age, there are other factors:
1 Presence of hereditary predisposition
2 Mental disorders during puberty and postpartum periods
3 Viral infections
4 Frequent changes in climate zones
6 Unhealthy diet (predominance of salty, spicy, fatty, caffeine in the diet)
8 Chronic alcohol intake
9 Decreased magnesium and calcium levels in the blood
The menstrual cycle is associated with the ovaries, which produce estrogen hormones. According to numerous studies, the appearance of PMS symptoms is most likely associated not with an increase in estrogen levels before menstruation, but with changes in their levels.
What other biochemical processes are characteristic of the PMS condition?
The production of serotonin (a substance that mediates the transmission of nerve impulses), endorphins and enkephalins (the so-called joy hormones) decreases. Thus, adequate transmission of nerve impulses from nerve cells to muscle tissue and glandular cells is affected.
Magnesium and PMS
The level of magnesium in the blood before the onset of menstruation, that is, in the second phase of the menstrual cycle:
reduced by 20-40%
In healthy women
What role does magnesium (Mg) play in our body?
This macroelement is the second most important in the cell and ranks 4th in content in the human body after K, Na and Ca. Magnesium has a complex effect on our body, regulating muscle function (including in the heart and other internal organs), transmission of nerve impulses, blood pressure, full energy production, and also participating in metabolism.
As we see, the role of this mineral in quality work the nervous system is large.
Women have been interested in the problem of PMS how to alleviate the condition for quite a long time.
The leading place among the symptoms of PMS is given to disorders of a neuropsychic and autonomic nature. A defect in the transmission of nerve impulses due to magnesium deficiency will clearly aggravate similar disorders as a result of a lack of neurotransmitters or, in other words, intermediaries such as serotonin. It turns out that if something is done to replenish the losses of this macroelement, it is possible to reduce the clinical manifestations that so greatly interfere with our women.
Is it really possible that eating foods enriched with magnesium (and these include legumes, grains, various nuts and seeds, greens, seaweed, seafood), as well as tablets containing magnesium, can really lead us to a solution to the question of how to alleviate the symptoms of PMS in women? Numerous studies by scientists in different countries the world shows that yes.
How to reduce PMS symptoms
In addition to replenishing Mg deficiency, combined contraceptives, neurological drugs, including sleep improvers, antidepressants, drugs that reduce breast tenderness, and others are used to correct clinical manifestations. However, as we know, in addition to treatment, steps to change your lifestyle in a healthy direction are extremely important, and these are:
reduction of bad habits (alcohol, caffeine, nicotine: if not giving them up, then at least reducing their quantity);
walking and other gymnastics,
gaming and outdoor sports
reduction of sugar and fast carbohydrates, salt; an increase in the diet of fresh vegetables, fruits, coarse dietary fiber;
organizing a work and rest schedule for yourself with at least 7-8 hours of sleep
These areas for improving lifestyle are also interconnected with each other. Thus, eating foods rich in coarse fiber, as well as reducing the consumption of fast carbohydrates, coffee and alcohol will help improve the absorption of magnesium and other nutrients. Regular physical activity and adequate sleep will help improve your mood and increase the level of joy hormones involved in the functioning of our nervous system.
The effectiveness of treatment is assessed using menstrual cycle diaries, where women record their symptoms and sensations daily. Correction of manifestations can be lengthy, which is something patients should be warned about. Relief from PMS symptoms is not achieved immediately; with a competent, comprehensive approach to this issue, the result will not be long in coming.
The drug of choice containing Mg is medicine German made Magnerot®. It increases Mg levels in the blood. Due to the presence of orotic acid in its composition, absorption improves, since the transfer of Mg ions directly into the cell is facilitated. The difference between magnesium orotate (Magnerot® molecule) is that it is metabolized disseminated, that is, absorbed different ways. The largest amount of it is in a free state in the bloodstream and is excreted along with urine. Up to 30% of Mg binds to plasma proteins, which accumulates the effect and prolongs the stay of the drug in the cells.
What is Magnerot®
Magnerot® is a German-made medicine created to replenish and prevent magnesium (Mg) deficiency in the body, as well as to correct conditions caused by this deficiency.
Elimination of Mg deficiency;
Prevention of magnesium deficiency and related conditions
Premenstrual syndrome: 12 ways to relieve PMS
Just yesterday you were happy with life, but today every little thing annoys you, you lose your temper over trifles, cry, you feel hot and cold, the future is seen only in dark colors...
In women, this condition usually develops a few days before their period and is called “premenstrual syndrome.”
Unpleasant symptoms
This condition is familiar to most women. Many of them, several days (from one to 14) before the onset of menstruation, complain of:
- nagging pain in the lower abdomen;
- soreness and engorgement of the mammary glands;
- dizziness and nausea;
In addition to physical discomfort, women may feel:
- irritability and aggressiveness;
- tearfulness, bad mood;
- a sharp increase or decrease in sexuality;
- memory impairment;
- sleep disorders.
- visit a gynecologist and get tested to identify hormonal disorders;
- in case of severe emotional disturbances, consult a neurologist;
- Since diseases of other endocrine glands can worsen the condition, visit an endocrinologist.
- if you have severe pain, antispasmodics will help you;
- good means are aimed at normalizing the activity of the autonomic nervous system;
- normalize the functioning of the central nervous system during PMS with the simplest sedatives - herbal preparations: motherwort, valerian, peppermint;
- the doctor may recommend that you take oral contraceptives, which eliminate discomfort on the eve of menstruation;
- in case of excessively heavy menstrual bleeding, a decoction of raspberry leaves (or adding them to brewed tea) has a good effect.
- try to drink less strong tea and coffee;
- limit fluid intake (up to 1.5 liters per day);
- Add less salt to your food;
- limit the consumption of potassium-rich foods: raisins, dried apricots, potatoes;
- try to eat less fatty foods;
- exclude spices, hot seasonings, and alcohol from your diet;
- try to give up meat and dairy products.
These manifestations disappear immediately after the onset of menstruation or in the first days after it.
Where does it come from?
It is believed that the condition is based on hormonal disorders, namely the excessive production of female sex hormones, which leads to disruption of the neuroendocrine regulation of various organs and systems of the body.
There is a point of view that nagging pain in the lower abdomen appears because the endometrial rejection has already begun in the uterus, which occurs during menstruation, and the cervix has not yet opened, which leads to the accumulation of blood and mucous fragments in the uterus, its overstretching and, accordingly, pain .
How to relieve PMS
PMS is a typical female ailment and, unfortunately, we cannot get rid of it, but we can alleviate it. To make it easier to overcome premenstrual irritation, a woman should monitor her health not only on the eve of her period.
1. Contact the specialists:
2. Depending on the severity and duration of PMS symptoms, start taking medications prescribed by your doctor in advance (2-3 days in advance):
4. At least a week before and during your period, your diet should include plenty of calcium-rich foods. There is a lot of calcium in fresh green leafy vegetables: spinach, lettuce, cabbage, parsley. It is recommended to take multivitamins (especially those containing vitamins A, B and E). It is equally important to consume seafood, grains and nuts, which are rich in macro- and microelements.
5. To prevent PMS, proper rest and sleep are important.
6. It is important to fall asleep before 23.00, because it is at this time that hormones are produced and later falling asleep disrupts the processes of neuroendocrine regulation. It's better to sleep in a cool room. Get enough sleep and plenty of rest before and during your period.
8. Try to quit smoking.
9. Take a contrast shower in the morning and evening. Complete the procedure with cool water. A 15-minute bath with a water temperature of 38–39 °C with a decoction of peppermint, chamomile and horehound (1:1:1) will help reduce premenstrual tension. After this, rub lavender or lemon wormwood oil into your lower back.
10. Try to worry and be less nervous.
11. During PMS, as during all periods, you should not go to the bathhouse. High temperature can cause severe pain, and menstruation will be delayed.
12. Breathing exercises and relaxation are good for strengthening the nervous system. Relax, close your eyes, concentrate your attention and try to mentally drive away the illness.
PMS: 15 Natural Remedies to Relieve Symptoms
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, you could go to a pharmacy and find hundreds of herbal extracts for sale.
At that time, more than 90 percent of the population knew how to use medicinal plants, growing in the backyard, to treat common illnesses and injuries; they had to do this because it was practically the only “cure”.
What and how can you relieve and reduce PMS symptoms?
Unlike drugs, which typically work through a single mechanism, such as targeting bacteria, herbs work synergistically to address underlying imbalances in your body that can lead to disease.
The use of plants as medicine is one of the only forms of healing that is accepted by every culture and ethnicity and has been around since ancient times and is still used in much of the world. This is the most old system healing on the planet.
I used to view herbs, in many cases as an alternative to drugs, as useful for treating various symptoms but not treating the underlying cause. I have since revised my opinion significantly and now understand that herbs can help support your health from a very basic level, just like foods can.
There are many health complaints that can be helped by herbal remedies, and among them, of course, is premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
What is premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?
Premenstrual syndrome describes a group of symptoms that can occur one to two weeks before a woman's period. Symptoms vary greatly in severity and type, but may include:
Fluctuating hormones that occur during your menstrual cycle are thought to be the main cause of PMS, although chemical changes in your brain may also play a role.
Low levels of certain vitamins and minerals are associated with PMS, and stress and depression can worsen symptoms.
Women of any age can be susceptible to PMS. although it is most common among women between 20 and 40 years.
It is also more likely to occur in women who have given birth to at least one child, have a family history of depression, or have had postpartum depression or another mood disorder. It's also an incredibly common problem, affecting at least 85 percent of menstruating women.
15 Herbs to Calm PMS
PMS symptoms can be mild or severe, they can be just an inconvenience or they can significantly reduce your quality of life.
Many women turn to over-the-counter pain relievers to relieve symptoms, and some even go so far as to use birth control pills to stop ovulation (which tends to reduce PMS symptoms), but they carry risks of side effects.
Herbal remedies can be very effective as a natural alternative for relieving menstrual cramps and other PMS symptoms. Best options include the following.
Viburnum bark and plum-leaved viburnum
Viburnum bark (Viburnum opulus) can help reduce muscle cramps and is often used to relieve menstrual cramps. It is known as a uterine relaxant and contains the antispasmodic scopoletin.
According to tradition, viburnum bark is especially useful for menstrual colic that radiates to the lower back or thighs.
Viburnum plumfolia is another species of viburnum (Viburnum prunifolium) that also contains the uterine relaxant scopoletin. Intermittent, severe menstrual pain is best relieved with Viburnum plumifolia, especially if it is accompanied by heavy menstrual bleeding.
Tori Hudson, a professor at N.D., NCNM and Bastir University, recommends taking 1/2 teaspoon of Viburnum bark tincture every two to three hours or 1/4 teaspoon of Viburnum plumfolia tincture every two to four hours.
Black Cohosh
Black cohosh is traditionally used to treat menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, but is also known to have a relaxing effect on the uterus. According to Hudson, who recommends a tincture of 1/4 teaspoon to 1/2 teaspoon every two to four hours:
“If premenstrual irritability and restlessness, slow or irregular menstrual cycles or scanty bleeding are associated with menstruation, then black cohosh is especially indicated for menstrual colic.”
Red raspberry leaf
Red raspberry leaf is known for its tonic effects on the reproductive system, and it can help soothe the uterus and relieve menstrual cramps when taken regularly.
Dong Quai
Dong quai may be especially beneficial when combined with other herbal remedies. According to the American Botanical Council (ABC):
“Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a condition that can be treated with herbs.
Women suffering from PMS (approximately one-third of all women between the ages of 30 and 40) have a common hormonal pattern of increased plasma estrogen levels and decreased plasma progesterone levels shortly before the onset of menstruation.
. PMS can be effectively managed with dong quai, chasteberry, licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa).
The latter two plants contain phytoestrogens (which act like estrogen in the body), which are believed to have a tonic effect on the uterus.”
Wild yam
Wild yam is popular for relieving menopausal symptoms, but it is good for PMS, helping the uterus work efficiently during menstruation, and also prevents colic and uterine spasms.
Reishi
Medicinal reishi mushroom, known as Lingzhi in China or "spirit plant". It is also called the "Mushroom of Immortality" - a nickname that says it all.
Reishi has been used medicinally in Asia for thousands of years and helps boost the effectiveness of your immune system, among other benefits. It can help combat the fatigue and weakness associated with PMS and has relaxing properties for women who feel irritable or nervous.
Valerian
Valerian is known for its calming effects and may therefore be helpful for mood swings associated with PMS, insomnia and irritability. It is also sometimes used for gastrointestinal colic and can help soothe uterine spasms. Valerian, used in conjunction with viburnum bark, may be especially helpful in relieving both colic and mood swings.
Tory Hudson, N.D. explained:
“Valerian contains an important class of compounds called valepotriates and valeric acid, which are found exclusively in this perennial plant, native to North America and Europe.
It's not hard to see how Valerian can help relieve pain, anxiety, and insomnia because both valepotriates and valeric acid are able to bind to the same receptors in the brain as Valium. Although Valerian's effect on menstrual cramps has not been scientifically studied, it has a relaxing effect on spasmodic contractions of the intestinal muscles.
Both the uterus and intestines are smooth muscles. In clinical practice, Valerian is usually an important complement to an alternative approach to painful menstruation."
Vitex vulgare
Chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus) is traditionally used to relieve menstrual problems, including premenstrual syndrome. A systematic review found a significant reduction in PMS symptoms in women using chasteberry compared to those in the placebo group.
Additionally, women suffering from premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), which is a more severe form of PMS, have also been helped by chasteberry.
Dandelion
Dandelion leaves act as a safe diuretic. By drawing out excess water from your body, dandelion can help relieve bloating.
Natural Progesterone
Progesterone is a naturally occurring hormone in the human body that is essential for various vital functions. In women, progesterone balances estrogen hormones and is produced primarily by the ovaries during ovulation.
Women approaching menopause produce lower and often insufficient levels of progesterone. Moreover, in our culture, even women in their childbearing years tend to produce greater amounts of estrogen.
Natural progesterone (bio-identical to the progesterone your body produces) can help balance estrogen hormones to relieve PMS symptoms as well as normalize your menstrual cycle.
Chamomile
Chamomile tea increases glycine levels, which helps calm muscle spasms. Glycine is also a nerve relaxant, which may explain why chamomile is also effective for relieving stress and anxiety. Traditionally, chamomile tea is recommended to calm menstrual cramps.
poppy
Maca is a tuber from the radish family that helps restore hormonal balance. For women, maca may help reduce PMS symptoms, and it is an adaptogenic herb, meaning it can help support your body during times of stress, promote emotional well-being, and support a healthy mood.
Motherwort
Useful for stimulating uterine tone, motherwort may also help reduce uterine muscle spasms and colic. Motherwort is also used to relieve stress and heart-related symptoms due to anxiety. Motherwort has been listed among the Chinese herbs that have been suggested to relieve PMS according to the Cochrane Systematic Review:
“Chinese herbal medicine has been used for centuries in China and is currently used in public hospitals in China to treat primary dysmenorrhea [painful menstruation].
The review found promising evidence of the benefits of using Chinese herbal medicine to reduce menstrual pain in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea compared with traditional medicine such as NSAIDs and oral contraceptive pills, acupuncture and heat compression."
Fennel seeds
Fennel seed extract has been shown to reduce the severity of PMS, including significantly reducing symptoms of premenstrual tension.
Women who took fennel seed extract three days before their period and up to three days after it ended said the drops helped them feel less depressed and be productive at work, and made it easier to communicate with friends and family, according to research published on annual conference of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology.
Saffron
Women who received 30 mg of saffron extract per day (15 mg twice daily) during two menstrual cycles reported a 50 percent reduction in the severity of PMS symptoms.
What else works to relieve PMS symptoms?
If PMS symptoms, including painful menstrual cramps, are affecting your quality of life, there are a number of safe and natural strategies to consider.
Evening primrose oil: contains the essential fatty acid gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), which is beneficial for pain relief. Also useful in restoring abnormal hormonal physiology that may contribute to PMS symptoms.
DIM (diindolylmethane): DIM is a naturally occurring phytochemical in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage and Brussels sprouts. It has unique properties that allow it to alter estrogen metabolism, promote optimal estrogen balance, and support healthy progesterone and testosterone production.
The severity of PMS symptoms in women is related to increased estrogen, with symptoms becoming more severe as estrogen increases. DIM has a hormone-balancing effect and may benefit conditions such as PMS, which are associated with an imbalance of estrogen and progesterone.
Acupuncture: A review of 27 studies found that acupuncture may relieve menstrual cramps better than medications or medicinal herbs, stimulating the production of endorphins and serotonin in your central nervous system.
Diet changes: Diet changes can be very helpful in relieving colic and other PMS symptoms. You can also try:
Avoid caffeine, alcohol and carbonated drinks
Reduce sugar intake
Avoid smoked cheeses, meats and fish(as they may increase fluid retention)
Make sure you get enough nutrients in your diet, especially vitamin B6, manganese, vitamins A and E, calcium, magnesium, omega-3 animal fats and tryptophan
Exercises: This is another useful tool that helps relieve menstrual cramps, possibly because it increases the levels of endorphins, which are chemicals in your brain that are associated with pain relief.
Warm: Using a hot water bottle on your lower abdomen or soaking in a warm bath may provide temporary relief from menstrual pain.
Aromatherapy: Lavender aromatherapy has been shown to relieve premenstrual emotional symptoms, which is attributed, at least in part, to improved parasympathetic nervous system activity.
Doctors have long puzzled over the causes of female malaise before menstruation. Some healers associated it with the phases of the moon, others with the area in which the woman lived.
The girl’s condition before her period remained a mystery for a long time. Only in the twentieth century the veil of secrecy was lifted a little.
PMS is a mix of 150 different physical and mental symptoms. To one degree or another, about 75% of women experience manifestations of premenstrual syndrome.
How long does PMS last for girls? Unpleasant symptoms begin to appear 2-10 days before the start of menstruation, and disappear with the appearance of the “red” days of the calendar.
- Crime chronicle. PMS is not only frayed nerves and broken plates. Most road accidents, crimes, and thefts committed by women occurred between the 21st and 28th days of the menstrual cycle.
- Shopping therapy. According to research, a few days before their period, women are most susceptible to the temptation to buy as much as possible.
- Women engaged in mental work and residents of large cities are more susceptible to symptoms of PMS.
- The term PMS was first used by Robert Frank, an obstetrician-gynecologist from England.
Why does premenstrual syndrome occur?
Numerous studies have not been able to identify the exact causes of premenstrual syndrome. There are many theories of its occurrence: “water intoxication” (impaired water-salt metabolism), allergic nature (increased sensitivity to endogenous substances), psychosomatic, hormonal, etc.
But the most complete is the hormonal theory, which explains the symptoms of PMS by fluctuations in the level of sex hormones in the 2nd phase of the menstrual cycle. For the normal, harmonious functioning of a woman’s body, the balance of sex hormones is very important:
- - they improve physical and mental well-being, increase tone, creativity, speed of assimilation of information, learning abilities
- progesterone - has a sedative effect, which can lead to depressive symptoms in phase 2 of the cycle
- androgens - affect libido, increase energy, performance
During the second phase of the menstrual cycle, a woman's hormonal background changes. According to this theory, the cause of PMS lies in the “inadequate” reaction of the body, including the parts of the brain responsible for behavior and emotions, to cyclical changes in hormonal levels, which is often inherited.
Since the days before menstruation are endocrine unstable, many women experience psycho-vegetative and somatic disorders. In this case, the decisive role is played not so much by the level of hormones (which may be normal), but by fluctuations in the content of sex hormones during the menstrual cycle and how the limbic parts of the brain, responsible for behavior and emotions, react to these changes:
- an increase in estrogen and first an increase and then a decrease in progesterone- hence fluid retention, swelling, engorgement and tenderness of the mammary glands, cardiovascular disorders, irritability, aggression, tearfulness
- hypersecretion - also leads to fluid and sodium retention in the body
- excess prostaglandins— , digestive disorders, migraine-like headaches
The most likely factors influencing the development of the syndrome, about which medical opinions do not differ:
- Decreased serotonin levels- this is the so-called “hormone of joy”, can be the cause of the development of mental signs of premenstrual syndrome, since a decrease in its level causes sadness, tearfulness, melancholy and depression.
- Vitamin B6 deficiency— a lack of this vitamin is indicated by symptoms such as fatigue, fluid retention in the body, mood swings, and breast hypersensitivity.
- Lack of magnesium - magnesium deficiency can cause dizziness, headaches, cravings for chocolate.
- Smoking. Women who smoke are twice as likely to experience premenstrual syndrome.
- Overweight . Women with a body mass index of over 30 are three times more likely to suffer from PMS symptoms.
- Genetic factor— it is possible that the peculiarities of premenstrual syndrome are inherited.
- , complicated childbirth, stress, surgical interventions, infections, gynecological pathologies.
Main symptoms and manifestations of premenstrual syndrome
Groups of symptoms for PMS:
- Neuropsychiatric disorders: aggression, depression, irritability, tearfulness.
- Vegetovascular disorders: changes in blood pressure, headache, vomiting, nausea, dizziness, tachycardia, .
- Exchange-endocrine disorders: swelling, increased body temperature, chills, engorgement of the mammary glands, itching, flatulence, shortness of breath, thirst, memory loss, .
PMS in women can be divided into several forms, but their symptoms usually do not appear in isolation, but are combined. In the presence of psychovegetative manifestations, especially depression, women’s pain threshold decreases and they perceive pain more acutely.
Neuropsychiatric |
Crisis form |
Atypical manifestations of PMS |
Disturbances in the nervous and emotional spheres:
|
Most women have diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. |
|
Edema form |
Cephalgic form |
|
Negative diuresis with fluid retention is noted. |
The leading ones are mainly neurological and vegetative-vascular manifestations:
The family history of women with this form is burdened with hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and gastrointestinal diseases. |
PMS occurs differently in every woman, and symptoms vary significantly. According to the results of some studies, women with PMS have the following frequency of manifestation of one or another symptom of PMS:
| Symptom | frequency % |
Hormonal theory of PMS |
| irritability | 94 | |
| breast tenderness | 87 | |
| bloating | 75 | |
| tearfulness | 69 | |
|
56 | |
|
50 | |
|
44 | |
|
37 | |
|
19 | |
| vomit | 12 | |
| constipation | 6 | |
| pain in the spine | 3 |
Premenstrual syndrome can aggravate other diseases:
- Anemia (see)
- (cm. )
- Thyroid diseases
- Chronic fatigue syndrome
- Bronchial asthma
- Allergic reactions
- Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs
Diagnostics: what can masquerade as symptoms of PMS?
Since dates and deadlines are easily forgotten, to make your task easier, you should keep a calendar or diary where you write down the start and end dates of menstruation, ovulation (basal temperature), weight, and symptoms that bother you. Keeping such a diary for 2-3 cycles will greatly simplify diagnosis and allow you to track the frequency of PMS symptoms.
The severity of premenstrual syndrome is determined by the number, duration and intensity of symptoms:
- Mild form: 3-4 symptoms or 1-2 if they are significantly pronounced
- Severe form: 5-12 symptoms or 2-5, but very pronounced, and regardless of the duration and their number, if they lead to disability (usually the neuropsychiatric form)
The main feature that distinguishes premenstrual syndrome from other diseases or conditions is cyclicity. That is, deterioration in well-being occurs several days before menstruation (from 2 to 10) and completely disappears with their arrival. However, unlike psycho-vegetative ones, physical discomfort in the first days of the next cycle can intensify and smoothly transform into disorders such as menstrual migraine.
- If a woman feels relatively well in phase 1 of the cycle, then this is premenstrual syndrome, not chronic illness- neurosis, depression,
- If pain appears only immediately before and during menstruation, especially when combined with - it is most likely not PMS, but other gynecological diseases - chronic endometritis, dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) and others.
To establish the form of the syndrome, studies of hormones are carried out: prolactin, estradiol and progesterone. The doctor may also prescribe additional diagnostic methods, depending on the prevailing complaints:
- For severe headaches, dizziness, decreased vision and fainting, a computed tomography or MRI scan is prescribed to rule out organic brain diseases.
- If there is an abundance of neuropsychiatric diseases, an EEG is indicated to exclude epileptic syndrome.
- In case of severe edema, changes in the daily amount of urine (diuresis), tests are performed to diagnose the kidneys (see).
- In case of severe and painful engorgement of the mammary glands, it is necessary to perform an ultrasound of the mammary glands and mammography to exclude organic pathology.
Not only a gynecologist examines women suffering from PMS, but also involves psychiatrists, neurologists, endocrinologists, nephrologists, cardiologists and therapists.
Premenstrual syndrome or pregnancy?
Some symptoms of PMS are similar to those of pregnancy (see). After conception, the content of the hormone progesterone increases in a woman’s body, which also occurs during PMS, so the following symptoms are identical:
- fast fatiguability
- breast swelling and tenderness
- nausea, vomiting
- irritability, mood swings
- lower back pain
How to distinguish pregnancy from PMS? Comparison of the most common symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and pregnancy:
| Symptoms | Pregnancy | Premenstrual syndrome |
|
accompanies the entire pregnancy | with the onset of menstruation the pain goes away |
|
the attitude towards food changes, you want inedible, salty, beer, things that a woman usually doesn’t like, the sense of smell is greatly heightened, ordinary smells can be very irritating | may crave sweet and salty foods, sensitivity to smells |
|
only in later stages | May have lower back pain |
|
starts 4-5 weeks after conception | can appear either immediately after ovulation or 2-5 days before menstruation |
| mild, short-lived pain | individually in each case | |
|
frequent mood swings, tearfulness | irritability |
|
Maybe | No |
|
from 4-5 weeks after conception | possible nausea, vomiting |
The signs of both conditions are very similar, so it is not easy to understand what exactly is happening in a woman’s body and distinguish pregnancy from PMS:
- The easiest way to find out what causes poor health is to wait until your period starts.
- If the calendar is already late, you should take a pregnancy test. A pharmacy test will give reliable results only if menstruation is delayed. It is sensitive to the pregnancy hormone (hCG) excreted in the urine. If you don’t have the patience and nerves to wait, you can take a blood test for hCG. It shows almost one hundred percent results on the tenth day after conception.
- Most best option To find out what worries you - PMS syndrome or pregnancy - is a visit to the gynecologist. The doctor will assess the condition of the uterus and, if pregnancy is suspected, prescribe an ultrasound.
When to see a doctor
If the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome significantly reduce the quality of life, affect the ability to work and are of a pronounced nature, treatment cannot be avoided. After a thorough examination, the doctor will prescribe drug therapy and give the necessary recommendations to alleviate the syndrome.
How can a doctor help?
In most cases, treatment is symptomatic. Depending on the form, course and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, a woman needs:
- Psychotherapy - mood swings, irritability, depression, from which both the woman and her loved ones suffer, are corrected using stabilizing behavioral techniques and psycho-emotional relaxation.
- For headaches, lower back and abdominal pain, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for temporary pain relief (Nimesulide, Ketanov, see).
- Diuretics for removing excess fluid from the body during edema (see).
- Hormonal therapy is prescribed for insufficiency of the second phase of the cycle, only after functional diagnostic tests, based on the results of identified changes. Progestins are used - Medroxyprogesterone acetate from 16 to 25 days of the cycle.
- prescribed for a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms (insomnia, nervousness, aggressiveness, anxiety, panic attacks, depression): Amitriptyline, Rudotel, Tazepam, Sonapax, Sertraline, Zoloft, Prozac, etc. in phase 2 of the cycle after 2 days from the onset of symptoms.
- In crisis and cephalgic forms, it is possible to prescribe Parlodel in phase 2 of the cycle, or if prolactin is elevated, then in a continuous mode, it has a normalizing effect on the central nervous system.
- For cephalgic and edematous forms, antiprostaglandin drugs (Indomethacin, Naprosyn) are recommended in the second phase of the menstrual cycle.
- Since women often have elevated levels of histamine and serotonin during PMS, the doctor may prescribe 2nd generation antihistamines (see) 2 days before the expected worsening of the condition at night before the 2nd day of menstruation.
- To improve blood circulation in the central nervous system, it is possible to use Grandaxin, Nootropil, Aminolon for 2-3 weeks.
- In case of crisis, cephalgic and neuropsychic forms, drugs that normalize neurotransmitter metabolism in the central nervous system are indicated - Peritol, Difenin, the doctor prescribes the drug for a period of 3-6 months.
- Homeopathic medicines Remens or Mastodinon.
What can you do?
- Full sleep
Try to sleep as long as your body has time to fully rest, usually 8-10 hours (see. Lack of sleep leads to irritability, anxiety and aggression, and negatively affects the functioning of the immune system. If you suffer from insomnia, try walking before bed, breathing technology.
- Aromatherapy
In the absence of allergies, compositions of specially selected aromatic oils are a good weapon against PMS symptoms. Geranium and rose will help normalize the cycle. Lavender and basil effectively fight spasms. Juniper and bergamot improve mood. Start taking baths with aromatic oils two weeks before your period.
Hiking, running, Pilates, bodyflex, yoga, dancing are an excellent way to treat the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome in women. Regular exercise increases endorphin levels, which helps combat depression and insomnia, and also reduces the severity of physical symptoms.
- Two weeks before your period, take vitamin B6 and magnesium
Magne B6, Magnerot, as well as vitamins E and A - this will make it much more effective to combat such manifestations of PMS as: rapid heartbeat, heart pain, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety and irritability.
- Nutrition
Eat more fruits and vegetables, foods high in fiber, and also include calcium-rich foods in your diet. Temporarily limit the consumption of coffee, chocolate, cola, as caffeine increases mood swings, irritability, and anxiety. The daily diet should include 10% fat, 15% protein and 75% carbohydrates. Fat intake should be reduced, and beef consumption, some types of which contain artificial estrogens, should also be limited. Herbal teas and freshly squeezed juices, especially carrot and lemon, are beneficial. It is better not to drink alcohol; it depletes reserves of mineral salts and B vitamins, disrupts carbohydrate metabolism, and reduces the liver’s ability to utilize hormones.
- Relaxation practices
Avoid stress, try not to overwork and maintain a positive mood and thinking; relaxation practices - yoga, meditation - help with this.
- Regular sex
This helps fight insomnia, stress and bad mood, increases endorphin levels, and strengthens the immune system. At this time, many women's sexual appetite increases - why not surprise your partner and try something new?
- Medicinal plants
They can also help relieve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome: Vitex - relieves heaviness and pain in the mammary glands, Primrose (evening primrose) - for headaches and swelling, is an excellent antidepressant, normalizes libido, improves well-being and reduces fatigue.
Balanced diet, adequate exercise stress, vitamin supplements, healthy sleep, regular sex, and a positive attitude towards life will help alleviate the psychological and physical manifestations of premenstrual syndrome.
According to statistics, more than 80% of all girls and women in the world know what PMS means. Most often, the manifestation of the syndrome occurs in the age range from 20 to 40 years. In rare cases, the precursors of menstruation manifest themselves in a severe form, so representatives of the fairer sex usually do not turn to the gynecologist with complaints. But the worsening of PMS symptoms in women from month to month makes it necessary to consult a doctor, because this may be a sign of health problems.
Theories of origin
For a long time, medical specialists conducted research that could not help identify the cause of premenstrual syndrome. There are many theories about its origin. Among them:
- Hormonal.
- Violation of water-salt balance.
- Psychosomatic.
- Allergic reaction to endogenous progesterone.
If you believe the hormonal theory, then the manifestation of signs of the premenstrual period occurs due to changes in the level of sex hormones in a woman’s blood in the second phase of the cycle. For the normal functioning of the body, the patient needs a stable hormonal background, which includes:
After ovulation, that is, in the second phase of the cycle, a change in hormonal levels occurs in the female body. Therefore, adherents of the theory believe that the cause of PMS lies in the incorrect reaction of the parts of the brain that are responsible for changes in emotional mood and behavior to natural changes in the concentration of sex hormones. This feature is a hereditary predisposition.
Somatic and psycho-vegetative disorders before the onset of critical days occur due to the unstable state of the endocrine system. In this case, the level of hormones, which may be normal, is not a decisive factor. The following are considered responsible for changes in mood and behavior:
Features and stages
As a rule, over the years the risk of increased PMS, which in translation means premenstrual syndrome, only increases. Residents of large cities are more susceptible to the appearance of the syndrome than rural women. About 90% of sexually mature girls notice a number of minor changes in their bodies and bodies. They begin to appear before the onset of critical days. This usually happens 7-10 days before the start of bleeding.
For some, symptoms appear in a mild form without affecting their daily life. Mild PMS does not require medical intervention or treatment. Others find it difficult to tolerate the emerging symptoms, which are severe. This condition requires mandatory contact with a medical institution for professional help. The cyclical nature of the occurrence of a number of symptoms makes it possible to understand that this is PMS, and not some kind of disease.
Severe phenomena in the physical and emotional state of a woman, which are observed before the onset of menstruation, immediately cease with the onset of bleeding. If unpleasant symptoms persist throughout the menstrual cycle, then you need to consult a gynecologist. The fact is that this may be a sign of a serious pathology in the reproductive system. In case of severe emotional state, it is recommended to consult a psychotherapist.
Experts divide PMS into 3 stages:
In most cases, PMS is considered a natural phenomenon, so women do not complain to their doctor. The sensations before menstruation and at the beginning of pregnancy are very similar, so girls often confuse them. Severe pain and reluctance to go to the hospital force them to take not only painkillers, but also antidepressants without consulting a specialist. Medicines of this group really help relieve pain, but without the necessary therapy, PMS can progress to a more severe stage - decompensated.
The manifestation of signs of premenstrual syndrome affects all systems of a woman’s body, so they are often confused with the course of other diseases. This leads to girls turning to the wrong specialists for help, for example, a neurologist or therapist, and not receiving proper treatment. It is possible to understand the exact cause of the deterioration only with a professional examination and a complete examination.
Symptoms of manifestation
Every woman experiences PMS differently. This is due to the fact that any organism has its own individual characteristics. Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome are divided into the following groups:
- Vegetative-vascular. Jumps in blood pressure, vomiting, severe headache, nausea, tachycardia, dizziness and pain in the heart area.
- Neuropsychic. Depression, tearfulness, aggression and irritability.
- Exchange-endocrine. Swelling, fever, chills, chest tenderness, itching, thirst, shortness of breath, blurred vision, memory loss.
Conventionally, premenstrual syndrome is divided into several forms, but its symptoms do not occur in isolation, but in combination. Thus, in a depressed state, a woman’s pain threshold decreases significantly, and she begins to feel spasms and pain more strongly.
PMS forms:
Women most often suffer from irritability, pain in the mammary glands, bloating, tearfulness, headaches and swelling before the onset of menstruation. Weakness, abdominal pain, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and weight gain are much less common.
It's worth remembering that PMS can aggravate the following diseases:
Common reasons
There are many factors that can influence the development of PMS. Unfortunately, gynecologists and endocrinologists could not come to a common opinion. Common reasons the occurrence of unpleasant symptoms are considered:
Differences from pregnancy
Some signs of PMS are very similar to the first symptoms of pregnancy, which occur before the delay. The thing is that from the moment of conception, the level of sex hormone in a woman’s blood increases. The same process is observed before the onset of menstruation. This is why these states are confused. Similar symptoms:
- rapid onset of fatigue;
- lower back pain;
- increased sensitivity and swelling of the mammary glands;
- mood swings;
- irritability;
- vomit;
- nausea.
When wondering about the reasons for the appearance of unpleasant symptoms, it is recommended to compare their nature. So, with PMS, discomfort in the chest goes away with the onset of menstruation, and during pregnancy it continues to bother you until the very end. In an interesting situation, girls tend to want to eat inedible things and drink beer with salted fish. In addition, their sense of smell becomes more acute and they begin to feel sick from familiar smells. With the syndrome, sensitivity to aromas also appears, but there are no special cravings for food, just an increase in appetite.
As for lower back pain, pregnant women are not always bothered by it at the beginning of their pregnancy. Fatigue appears already from the 4th week of gestation. This is when toxicosis occurs. At the same time, the stomach may sag a little, but this does not last very long.
Before menstruation, the back begins to hurt either immediately after ovulation, or a few days before the start of discharge. Not everyone experiences discomfort in the lower abdomen, since this symptom is very individual. Frequent urination cannot be a harbinger of menstrual periods. But nausea and even vomiting are quite common.
Of course, it is difficult to determine exactly what is happening in the body. Often very early stages When a new life is just beginning, even an experienced gynecologist cannot determine pregnancy during an examination on a chair. In such cases, he prescribes an ultrasound for a more accurate check. If it is not possible to visit a specialist, it is recommended to wait until the delay and take a pregnancy test or take a blood test for hCG.
Diagnostic methods
Remembering the start and end dates of menstruation is not easy; it is quickly forgotten. To make the task easier, it is recommended to keep a diary or calendar, where you will need to record not only the course of your periods, but also basal temperature indicators, symptoms and changes in weight. This approach should be followed for 2-3 cycles to simplify the diagnosis and treatment of PMS.
The severity of the premenstrual period can be determined by the duration of the symptoms and their intensity:
- Light current. A maximum of 4 mild symptoms or 2 severe symptoms are observed.
- Severe form. From 2 to 5 intense symptoms. It is also diagnosed if at least one sign deprives a woman of her ability to work.
Cyclicity distinguishes PMS from pathological manifestations of other diseases of the reproductive system. Feeling worse 2-10 days before your period. Unpleasant symptoms do not always go away with the onset of bleeding. They often develop into menstrual migraines or painful periods. You can distinguish PMS from pathology by the following signs:
- If a girl feels well in the first half of the cycle, then diseases such as fibrocystic, neurosis and depression are excluded.
- Endometriosis, dysmenorrhea and chronic endometritis are manifested by intermenstrual bloody discharge and pain at the end of the cycle.
Gynecologists, to determine the degree of premenstrual syndrome, conduct a hormonal analysis for progesterone and estradiol. In addition, the specialist prescribes additional examination of the patient. Depending on the complaints, she may be prescribed the following procedures:
Neurologists, psychiatrists, endocrinologists, therapists and cardiologists are also involved in the diagnosis of patients who suffer from severe PMS.
Therapeutic approaches
Improvement in well-being can only be achieved with comprehensive treatment of premenstrual syndrome. It is selected individually according to many parameters. So, according to the flow, form and symptoms A PMS woman can be prescribed the following:
Preventive measures
If PMS does not allow you to live in peace, depriving you of your ability to work, then, of course, you cannot do without therapy. But sometimes this is not enough. After completing the course of treatment, it is imperative to follow certain preventive measures. These include:
A balanced diet, taking vitamins and minerals, physical activity, sex and deep sleep bring a positive mood and good health, which persists even before the onset of menstruation.