Tomiris(Greek Τόμυρίς, other Persian. Tahm-Rayiš, approximately 570-520 BC. BC) - queen (ancient Greek βασίλεια) of the Massagetae, according to researchers, a Scythian nomadic pastoral people.
Story
According to some researchers, the names of Queen Tomiris (Ancient Greek: Τομύρι) and her son Spargapis (Ancient Greek: Σπαργαπίσης) are of Persian origin; according to others, the name of Queen Tomiris’ son resembles the name of the Scythian king Spargapis (Some consider him the father of Tomiris ). The similarity of names can be explained by the kinship between the Iranian-speaking tribes of the (European) Scythians and Massagetae..
The earliest description of the Massagetae, their queen Tomiris and her victory over the Persian king Cyrus II the Great, after the latter’s attempt to seize the kingdom of the Massagetae, is given by Herodotus, who writes almost a hundred years after the events mentioned. The story of Tomyris and her victory over Cyrus was well known in the ancient world and became a legend; such ancient writers as Strabo, Polyaenus, Cassiodorus and Jordanes also wrote about it.
Herodotus reports that Cyrus, having crossed the Araxes River and deepened into the territory of the Massagetae for one day's march, on the advice of the Lydian Croesus, set a trap for the Massagetae. The Persians left the camp with a supply of wine, which was defended by an ineffective unit, and the main troops retreated back to the river. The Massagetae, as soon as they had defeated the enemy, lay down and began to feast, and having had their fill of food and wine, they fell asleep. The Persians, having arrived, killed many of them, and captured even more, among others, the son of Queen Tomiris, who commanded the Massagets, whose name was Spargalis. Having learned about this, Tomiris sent a message to Cyrus: “ Blood-hungry Cyrus, ... give me my son and leave this country with impunity ... If you do not do this, then I swear to you by the sun, the ruler of the Massagetae, I will feed you blood, although you are insatiable».
According to Herodotus, the captive Spargapis persuades Cyrus to remove his shackles, and when he was freed and as soon as he could control his hands, he takes his own life.
Tomyris, when Cyrus did not listen to her, gathered her entire army and entered into battle with Cyrus. Most of the Persian army was destroyed right there on the spot, and Cyrus himself died. According to some accounts, the headless corpse of Cyrus was crucified (Herodotus does not report this), and Tomyris put his head in a wine skin filled with human blood and added the following: “ You destroyed me, alive and victorious over you in battle, by capturing my son by cunning. I, as I threatened, will give you blood to drink"(according to another version " You thirsted for blood, king of the Persians, so now drink it to your fill!"). Herodotus calls this battle the most brutal of those fought by the barbarians.
Most of the Persian army fell on the battlefield, Cyrus himself was killed. He reigned for twenty-eight years. Tomiris filled the bag with human blood and ordered the corpse of Cyrus to be found among the fallen. Having found it, she plunged his head into a bag and, mocking her, said: “Although I see and defeated you in battle, you have caused me great grief by cunningly taking my son away from me, and I will satisfy you with blood, as I threatened.” Herodotus. History in nine books. Translation from Greek by F. G. M. Mishchenko, 1888, vol. 1.
Jordanes, in his work “On the Origin and Deeds of the Getae,” called Tomyris the Getae queen, saying that Cyrus, the king of the Persians, during the time of Tomyris, the queen of the Getae, waged a disastrous war against her. And also that at the end of it, Queen Tomiris, strengthened thanks to the victory and the huge booty captured from the enemies, went to that part of Moesia, which, having taken the name from Great Scythia, is now called Lesser Scythia, and there on the Moesian coast of the Pontus (modern Black sea) built a city Then we(modern Constanta; the capital of Scythia Minor for several centuries), calling it by his own name.
Reflection in culture
The history of Tomiris has been reflected in the tradition of Western art. Artists Rubens, Allegrini, Luca Ferrari, Mattia Preti, Gustave Moreau and the sculptor Severo Calzetta da Ravenne are among those who depicted Tomyris and the events in her life.
Tomiris plays the role of the leader of the Scythians in the computer game Civilization VI.
In astronomy
The asteroid (590) Tomiris, discovered in 1906, is named after Tomiris.
Tomiris is:
Tomiris
Tomyris immerses the head of the dead Cyrus in a vessel of blood 
Queen Tomyris before the head of Cyrus, Peter Paul Rubens Tomiris(Old Persian) Tahm-Rayiš, approximately 570-520 BC BC) - the semi-legendary queen of the Saks-Massagets, a nomadic pastoral Iranian people who lived in Central Asia east of the Caspian Sea. The time of her life is approximately determined as the 530s BC. The story of the war between Tomyris and the Persian king Cyrus is given by the ancient Greek historian Herodotus (“History” I 205-214).
Story
The names of Tomyris and her son Spargapis, who was the head of her army, are of Iranian origin. Since the historians who first wrote about her were Greek, the Greek form of her name has been the most commonly used form ever since.
Many Greek historians wrote that she "defeated and killed" the Persian king Cyrus the Great during his invasion and attempt to conquer her country. Herodotus, who lived from approximately 484 to 425 BC. e., is the earliest (in terms of life) of the ancient Greek writers telling about her life, writing about her almost a hundred years after the time of her alleged life. Her story was well known in the ancient world and became a legend. Such writers of antiquity as Strabo, Polyaenus, Cassiodorus and Jordanes (in De Origine actibusque Getarum), also wrote about her.
According to Greek historians, Cyrus was victorious in his first attack on the Massagetae. His advisers suggested setting up an unusual trap for the Massegetes pursuing them: the Persians had left behind an abandoned camp, apparently containing a rich supply of wine. The Massagetae were not familiar with wine, presumably using hashish and fermented goat's milk as intoxicants, and therefore became very intoxicated as a result of drinking wine. The Persians attacked the camp while their opponents were incapacitated, defeating the Massagetian forces and capturing Tomyris's son Spargapis, the general of her army. Approximately one third of the fighting Massagetian forces were captured and then killed. According to Herodotus, Spargapis persuaded Cyrus to remove his shackles, which allowed him to commit suicide in Persian captivity.
Tomyris then allegedly sent a message to Cyrus, condemning his treachery, and with all her forces challenged him to a second battle. In the battle that followed, the Massagetae, according to Herodotus, gained the upper hand, and the Persians were supposedly defeated with high losses. Cyrus was killed, and Tomyris beheaded and crucified his corpse, and put his head in a wineskin filled with human blood. She reportedly said: “I warned you that I would satisfy your bloodlust, and I will.”
Reflection in culture
Portrait of Tomiris by Andrea del Castagno, 15th century.The history of Tomiris has been reflected in the tradition of Western art. The artists Rubens, Allegrini, Luca Ferrari, Mattia Preti, Gustave Moreau and the sculptor Severo Calzetta da Ravenne are among the many artists who depicted events in the life of Tomyris and her victory over Cyrus and his army.
In astronomy
The asteroid (590) Tomiris (English)Russian, discovered in 1906, is named in honor of Tomiris.
Notes
- For the etymology of the name, see: F. Altheim und R. Stiehl, Geschichte Mittelasiens im Altertum (Berlin, 1970).pp. 127-8
- The Origin And Deeds Of The Goths. ucalgary.ca (April 22, 1997). Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2010.
- Mayor, Adrienne. Greek Fire, Poison Arrows, and Scorpion Bombs: Biological and Chemical Warfare in the Ancient World. New York, Overlook Duckworth, 2003; p. 158.
- Halsall, Paul Herodotus: Queen Tomyris of the Massagetai and the Defeat of the Persians under Cyrus. Internet Ancient History Sourcebook (August 1998). Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2010.
- Mayor, pp. 157-9.
- Herodotus, Book One (205)-(214)
- More Women Rulers. Women in World History Curriculum (1996-2010). Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2010.
- Peter Paul Rubens. Queen Tomyris before the Head of Cyrus. Oil on canvas. The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA, USA. staratel.com (Russian) (2006). Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2010.
- Francesco Allegrini, attrib. to Italian, 1587 - 1663, Tomyris and Cyrus, 17th century. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco (2006). (inaccessible link - story) Retrieved May 14, 2010.
- Queen Tomyris with the head of Cyrus the Great by Ferrari, Luca (1605-54). Bridgeman Art Library. Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2010.
- The Frick Collection. collections.frick.org (1998–2005).(inaccessible link - story) Retrieved May 14, 2010.
Links
Categories:- Personalities of the 6th century BC e.
- Women heads of state and government
- History of Central Asia
What is the meaning of the Kazakh name Tomiris (female)?
Full meaning of the name. More detailed information if possible. Thanks in advance everyone.
Beauty
Tomiris- this is a female name, the name of a Scythian queen.
Given name of Turkic origin.
It means “break iron” or “bend iron.”
There is also an assumption that the name Tomiris- this is a Greek translation of the ancient Iranian name Tomruz.
What is the translation for the name "Tomiris". I know that this is the Saka queen, but what does it mean?
Julia L.
Tomyris (ca. 570-520 BC)
Tomiris was a descendant of the Scythian leader Ishpakai. Great-granddaughter of Madia, granddaughter or daughter of the legendary king Sypyr (Spargapis). The name of Tomiris's husband has not been established. According to some sources, the husband's name was Rustem, he was the son of the Tigrahaud king - Kavad.
Around 530-529. BC e. The king of the Media, Cyrus, having conquered many countries and received the title “ruler of Asia,” set out on a campaign to the Great Steppe. The offensive began from the Syr Darya, approximately between Turkestan and Otrar. The Sakas at that time were ruled by the widow of their king, Tomiris. Cyrus sent an ambassador to the queen with an offer to marry him and unite the two peoples into one state without any fight. To which the Saka queen refused. The first battle ended in victory for the Sakas, led by the son of Tomiris, Spargapis. According to Saka customs, victory was always washed away; taking advantage of this, the Persians threw strong wine at night to the Saka troops, as a result of which the Saka warriors became intoxicated. Cyrus took advantage of this, capturing one third of the Saka army and the queen’s son, Spargapis.
Queen Tomyris before the head of Cyrus. Peter Paul Rubens
Women and Saki girls also took part in the decisive battle. Herodotus called this battle “the most cruel and great.” The bloody battle ended in victory for the Sakas, where the Persians did not expect to see courageous women on the battlefield. According to Herodotus, all the Persians died on the battlefield, among them was Cyrus. This was a strong blow for Persia; the military authority of the state among its neighbors fell. The great “ruler of Asia” was no more. Thus, the army of the “ruler of Asia” Cyrus was finally defeated by the Saka princess Tomiris.
The victory was achieved at the expense of the loss of a large part of the Saka population, including the son of Tomiris. Having cut off Cyrus's head, Tomiris said in front of everyone: “You wanted blood, drink it!” - and threw his head into a pool of blood. She said that we don’t need foreign countries, but we won’t give up our feather grass steppe with the blue dome of the sky to anyone.
Tomiris was a flexible strategist and enjoyed great authority among the population, which can be judged by the fact that after her death the Saka state was ruled not by one, but by three khans.
Among the people there are many legends about the heroism of the Saka queen Tomiris. In the event of the birth of a daughter, many try to name her Tomiris, in honor of the commander-queen Tomiris.
NAME TOMIRIS
MEANING OF THE NAME TOMIRIS
Origin of the name(Turkic, Kazakh, Uzbek, Persian).
General characteristics of the name “Tomiris”
According to one version, the name became famous thanks to the Scythian queen Tomiris. This name means “break iron” (from the word “temir” - “iron”). Other sources say that “Tomiris” is derived from the ancient Iranian “Tomruz” and is translated as “home”. There is a third option: “Tomiris” could be formed from the name “Takhmina”, which in Uzbek and Kazakh means “dominant”. Proud and wayward Tomiris, like her namesake many centuries ago, requires special treatment. Her look, gait, speech - everything says that in front of you is Miss “I will achieve everything I want, because I am the Queen.”
Tomiris in the family
Tomiris sets a very high bar for his chosen one. He must be successful, handsome, faithful only to her, and ready to give his life or at least one of his kidneys at her first request. Tomiris herself is not one of those women who are ready to sacrifice their career for the sake of their family. In general, having children is not a reason for her to give up grandiose plans. Of course, she loves them, but she won’t sacrifice her ambitions either.
Tomiris in business, in society
Tomiris has business acumen. The owner of this name is the very typical businesswoman who will build her own business at the drop of a hat and will enter the market in the midst of a crisis. Planning, time management, tactics, strategy - for Tomiris this is not just a set of words, but instructions for survival for every day. Any profession that requires nerves of steel is suitable for her: a doctor, a manager, and even a policeman.
Characteristics for children
Tomiris in childhood
Organized, attentive, diligent beyond her years. She doesn’t like it when her name is shortened - after all, Toma doesn’t sound as proud as Tomiris. Loves to read, and chooses serious literature. Argues with teachers if she does not agree with the assessment. Stubborn. Tears and hysterics are not her method; she will go on a hunger strike or boycott.
Probably, the big names of elite fashion houses exist also to expand your vocabulary. You should always look “comme il faut”, this is your evidence of belonging to a certain circle, confirmation of your weight and status. This is the only way you feel “at ease”, and then you can show good nature, friendliness, and easily make any contact.Compatibility of the name Tomiris, manifestation in love
Tomiris, you often forget that family life is incompatible with maintaining the status of a “friend to everyone.” You can be sincerely in love and attached to the object of your sensual aspirations and at the same time try to “attach” your personal relationships to the social ones that already exist at that time. As a result, you can lose the second ones without really creating the first ones. If you feel that love is really important to you, give yourself entirely to it, without setting boundaries or boundaries. Then you will become a wonderful lover while remaining a good friend.Motivation
Your idealistic nature forces you to indulge those movements of the soul and desires of the heart that are aimed at improving our imperfect world. You won't settle for anything less. We don’t intend to waste time on trifles. If there is even a completely fantastic opportunity to benefit humanity, you will choose it, giving up what literally lies under your feet.It often seems to you that no one in the world is able to truly understand you, appreciate your motives and grandiose plans. But if this upsets you, it will only be for a short time. What won't you sacrifice for a great goal?
And you donate. Often - “without looking.” And, as a result, you lose “along the way” much of what could make your life more “earthly”.
Often your actions bring real results, sometimes simply stunning. But perhaps you should consider that if you had stronger connections with the world around you, your ideas about its needs would also be more realistic. And the results of actions are more valuable.
Reveal the secret of the name TOMIRIS(in Latin transliteration TOMIRIS) looking at the results of calculations in numerological magic of numbers. You will discover hidden talents and unknown desires. You may not understand them, but you feel that you don’t know something about yourself and your loved ones.
The first letter T of the name TOMIRIS tells about the character
Passion and sexuality. You are characterized by hobbies at first sight, because of this, due to carelessness, mistakes in choosing a partner are possible. During your midlife crisis, this can play a negative role when your chosen one(s) leaves you or refuses to listen to tedious outpourings about your problems.Characteristics of the name TOMIRIS
- impressionability
- peacefulness
- subtle spirituality
- thoughtfulness
- shyness
- pedantry
- hard work
- great emotionality
- mysterious disturbances
- dogmaticity
- constant pressure
- self-confidence
- imperiousness
- common sense
- moodiness
- oppression
- search for an ideal
- sensitive creative personality
TOMIRIS: number of interaction with the world “8”
People under the influence of the number eight are characterized by a restless and purposeful character. They are rarely satisfied with what they have and strive to expand the boundaries of their capabilities as much as possible. The potential of "eight-athletes" is very great, but their demands cannot be called small, so they rarely experience a feeling of satisfaction from the work done or the joy of victory. Eight people know how to make plans and implement them, but they are forced to put up with the fact that everything turns out a little (or even completely) differently than planned.
Eight players are afraid of little. Responsibility for others and leading large teams is natural for them, as are drastic changes in life. As a rule, they get along well with others, but try to avoid too much intimacy and prefer to play the role of leader in relationships. Highly valuing intelligence, moral qualities and a sense of humor, they cannot tolerate flattery and lies, and are also very sensitive to manifestations of impoliteness and tactlessness.
The marital relationships of the “Eighters” develop peacefully, although there is not always passion or even deep affection in them. However, people of number 8 almost always strive for stable relationships and marriage - they feel uncomfortable without a permanent life partner. Their innate tact helps them avoid quarrels in the family, and their ability to both act independently and distribute responsibilities helps them cope with everyday problems.
Eights love to receive guests and do not miss the opportunity to show off their home, which is usually large and cozy. Own housing is a “fad” for many people of eight; They usually don’t feel too comfortable in rented apartments or their parents’ house. At the same time, they cannot be called money-grubbers, interested only in material goods; Many octuplets generously share everything they earn, take an active part in the activities of charitable organizations and help close and distant relatives with money. But the main thing that Eight people give to others is their love and sincere interest.
Eights care so much about others that sometimes they lack the strength and energy to organize their own lives. Another common problem is the pursuit of unattainable goals and the inability to remain calm and common sense when obstacles appear along the way.
TOMIRIS: number of spiritual aspirations “9”
The category of people whose number of spiritual aspirations is nine is characterized by imbalance and inconsistency. Their main desire is to improve the quality of life (both their own and that of others), which they try to bring to life solely in accordance with their own ideas. Nature has endowed the “niners” with a super-strong sense of responsibility and inflated demands on others, and only attachment to loved ones makes them indulgent.
Despite the fact that “nines” are quite ambitious, excessive daydreaming and lack of vital energy do not allow them to reach great heights. Failures can turn such people into grumpy losers who are embittered towards the whole world, but more often than not, “nines” perceive defeat philosophically and continue to look for new ways for development.
“Niners” are attracted to everything beautiful. Distinguished by a heightened sense of harmony, such people always stand out “in the crowd”: with extravagant outfits, unusual activities, and artistry. They need everyone's attention like air, while the feeling of uselessness causes bitter resentment. The dream of “nines” is to make everyone around them happy.
But most often they fail to do this, because they do not want to go into detail about finding out the essence of happiness for a particular person, and therefore they either remain inactive or do something wrong, subsequently not wanting to admit their mistakes.
People - “nines” constantly live in a world of illusions that they care for and cherish. At the same time, facing the worst manifestations of reality for them is serious stress, causing suffering and even depression. Already in adulthood, “nines” are distinguished by frivolity, impracticality, inability to adapt to life and youthful idealism.
Meanwhile, sometimes they still have common sense and prudence. In a familiar and comfortable environment, “niners” relax, become charming and pleasant interlocutors. Their personal life is very rich, full of emotions and deep experiences. Due to the fact that “nines” are able to subtly sense the desires of others, as well as create a harmonious ensemble of “internal” and “external”, they often become talented designers.
TOMIRIS: number of true features “8”
It is not for nothing that the number eight has had a special place among many peoples. Strong vibrations emanate from it, giving its bearers power, extraordinary abilities and fearlessness. Even if such people are capable of experiencing fears, they will never admit it.
Eights are programmed to achieve success. The word "boredom" is not in their vocabulary. As a rule, they do not have time to feel it. On the contrary, they often do not have enough time to accomplish everything they have planned. They love to learn and absorb new knowledge with great zeal.
Striving to succeed in life, they are not afraid to take the most difficult paths, looking down on all the dangers encountered along the way and enthusiastically avoiding pitfalls. Mistakes, both your own and those of others, are considered not a failure, but an experience. Having completed them, they will not stop, but, after analyzing, rush into action with redoubled energy.
From the outside it may seem that defeat is unknown to them, but this is absolutely not the case. They, like all active people, have plenty of difficulties. However, “eight-athletes” love to overcome them. Problems only force them to mobilize all their strength. When meeting them, such people's hunting instincts awaken and excitement appears.
The presence of a worthy opponent also affects them. They need such people no less than true friends. Competition pushes them to do even more, to give their all and discover new abilities, sometimes even supernatural ones.
Eights are created for big things. They are able to think big, but little things and details rarely interest them. Therefore, they feel best in leadership roles. Their job is to lead a dangerous expedition or manage a risky project.
Often their thirst for success and constant search for new adventures leads to sad consequences. These qualities are gladly used by scammers, luring people into fake projects with promises of fame and money. However, sooner or later the “eight players” will be able to extricate themselves from any, even the most complicated story.
However, a quiet life does not displease them at all. They will always find something to do with all their free time. Although maximum success will be achieved on the most difficult road.
People who are protected by the number eight are characterized by pride. They often pit themselves against the crowd. Being a part of it is a real torment for them. They strive to be different from others, always have their own opinion and are ready to defend it to the end. Unfortunately, sometimes this turns against their loved ones. Possessing truly brilliant abilities, they nevertheless cannot consider that some of their words and actions cause pain to those around them.
With this function, anyone can calculate the number and spend letter by letter analysis absolutely any name. Names must be entered in Russian. Also try to compare your full name with the diminutive :) Please enter only your first name here, without last and middle names, otherwise the result may be incorrect.
Tomiris(7 letters):
8 - originality, inventive mind, discoveries. New paths and unexpected actions, changes, revolutions and transformations. Accidents, fortune, a moment of luck.
Possible positive qualities of the number: strength, authority, authority, ability to lead, self-sufficiency, prudence, organization, exactingness, energy, determination, strong-willed character.
Possible negative qualities of the number: vanity, excess energy, tension, excessive activity, lack of truly human feelings, suppression of others, thirst for power, intolerance, weakness for money, cynicism presented as “lack of illusions”
Eight colors: bronze, tan, canary, dark yellow, ivory, opal
Name letters:
T is an intuitive, sensitive, creative person, a seeker of truth, who does not always balance desires and possibilities. The symbol of the cross is a reminder to the owner that life is not endless and one should not put off until tomorrow what can be done today - act, using every minute effectively.
O - deep feelings, ability to handle money. The presence of this letter in the name shows that a person has a predetermined goal; one only needs to intuitively isolate it from the vanity of existence.
M - caring personality, shyness is possible. Warning: you are part of nature, do not give in to the temptation to pull the blanket over yourself.
P - the ability not to be deceived by appearances, to delve into the essence: self-confidence, desire to act, courage. When carried away, a person is capable of taking stupid risks and is sometimes too dogmatic in his judgments.
And - subtle spirituality, sensitivity, kindness, peacefulness. He hides behind apparent practicality, hiding his romantic soft nature.
C - common sense, desire for a strong financial position; in irritation - imperiousness and capriciousness. It is important for this person to find his own path in life.
Name element - Earth
Words with first letter Earth elements, first solve earthly problems, and only after that everything else should work out.