Two-layer sanding paper GOST. Sandpaper or sandpaper: types, types, grit. Waterproof sanding paper: operating features

Today, JSC Volzhsky Grinding Material-Volga is a seller of a wide range of grinding materials.

Having a direct agreement with OJSC "Volzhsky Abrasive Plant" (JSC "VAZ"), Volzhsky and OJSC "Belgorod Abrasive Plant" (JSC "BAZ"), Belgorod, we are ready to offer you the products listed below from a warehouse in Volzhsky, Volgograd region

In order to expand the range of products, we have the opportunity to carry out custom deliveries of products from the company KWH Mirka Ltd - Finland, which produces flexible grinding materials for high-quality grinding.

1. Waterproof cloth sanding paper

Waterproof fabric sanding paper is used for manual and machine abrasive processing. various materials, including difficult to machine, with high loads using water-based cutting fluids, oil emulsions, as well as grinding without coolant, kerosene and white alcohol-based cutting fluids cannot be used when grinding to avoid softening of the synthetic waterproof coating on the non-working side of the fabric base and reducing water resistance sandpapers.

Manufacturer:

Type of skin	Sanding material
Type of skin	Grain	Brand
Waterproof cloth sanding paper GOST 13344-79 Roll width 900; 775 mm for grain size 100-63 - rolls of 20 linear. m. for grain size 50-M40 - rolls of 30 linear. m.	P20 (No. 100)	A (14A
	P24 (No. 80)	A (14A
	P30 (No. 63)	A (14A
	P36 (No. 50)	A (14A
	P40 (No. 40), P50 (No. 32)	A (14A
	P 60 (No. 25), P70 (No. 20)	A (14A)
	Р80(№16)	A (14A
	P100(No. 12). P120(No. 10)	A (14A
	P150(No. 8). P180(No. 6)	A (14A)
	R 220 (No. 5), R320 (No. 4)	A (14A)
	R 400 (No. M40)	A (14A)

2. Sanding paper, non-waterproof

Non-waterproof paper sanding paper is used for manual and machine abrasive processing of resinous and soft wood, plastics, hard paint coatings, car bodies, rubber using coolant based on oil, kerosene, white alcohol, as well as grinding without coolant.

Manufacturer: JSC "Belgorod Abrasive Plant" (JSC "BAZ") Belgorod

3. Waterproof paper sanding paper

Waterproof paper sanding paper is intended for wet and dry sanding of paint and varnish coatings, putties, primers, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass, ceramics, porcelain, rubber, especially suitable for processing car bodies.

Manufacturer: JSC "Belgorod Abrasive Plant" (JSC "BAZ") Belgorod

4. Sanding paper in sheets

Sanding paper in sheets is produced on a paper and fabric basis. It's hard to imagine grinding now wooden surface, performing body work, processing varnished surfaces, putty, paint, or metal without using sandpaper or sandpaper on fabric. Sanding paper is produced by applying abrasive grain in an electro-static magnetic field. Elastic waterproof sanding paper Suitable for dry or wet sanding. Sandpaper has a grain size from P60 to P2000, sandpaper on a fabric basis from P600.

Manufacturer: JSC "Belgorod Abrasive Plant" (JSC "BAZ") Belgorod

GOST 13344-79

INTERSTATE STANDARD

GRINDING PAPER
FABRIC WATERPROOF

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS
Moscow

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Date of introduction 01.01.81

This standard applies to waterproof cloth abrasives intended for abrasive processing of various materials with and without the use of a cutting fluid based on water, oil, kerosene, etc.

1. TYPES AND SIZES

1.1. Sanding paper should be made of the following types:

1 - for machine and manual processing of wood, plastics, varnish coatings and alloys with low hardness;

2 - for machine and manual processing of hard and highly viscous metals and alloys.

1.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

1.3. Sanding paper should be made of the following types:

O - single-layer;

D - two-layer.

Grain

Width, mm (limit deviation ±15)

Length, mm (limit deviation ±0.3)

50-M40

600; 725; 745; 775; 800; 820; 840

20; 30

50-M40

725; 745; 775; 800; 820; 840

Notes:

1. At the customer’s request, it is allowed to produce rolls with a width of more than 840 mm and a length of more than 30 m.

2. At the customer’s request, it is allowed to produce sanding paper from other grades and grain sizes of abrasive materials or mixtures thereof.

Example of a symbolwaterproof fabric two-layer sanding paper type 2, 820 mm wide, 20 m long, on a fabric base made of plain-dyed weighted twill, from green silicon carbide grade 63C, grit size 40-N and 25-P, on phenol-formaldehyde resin:

D2 820´ 20 UG 63S 40-N/25-P SFZh GOST 13344-79

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, , ).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. The sanding paper should be made of normal electrocorundum grades 15A, 14A and 13A; white electrocorundum grades 25A, 24A and 23A; black silicon carbide grades 55C, 54C and 53C; green silicon carbide grades 64C and 63C.

For sandpaper of other grain sizes total area These defects should be no more than 1% of the roll area.

In a roll of skins, edges with a width of more than 10 mm with defects are not allowed.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2.7. (Excluded, Change No. 1).

Thickness unevenness, mm, no more

0,28

40; 32

0,15

25; 20

0,08

16 - 10

0,06

8 and smaller

0,05

_________

* Table 2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

Breaking load, N, not less, in directions

Elongation at break in the longitudinal direction, %, no more

longitudinal

transverse

1764

S1G

1127

1372

Note . Values of breaking load and elongation of tissues not provided for in Table. , must be no less than for fabric P.

2.10. Indicators of the strength of fixation of abrasive grains are indicated in the Appendix.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

Cutting capacity, mm 3 /min, not less

silicon carbide

electrocorundum

40/25

M63

M50

M40

2.11 - 2.12. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.1. To monitor compliance of the abrasive paper with the requirements of this standard, acceptance inspection and periodic testing are carried out.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.3. If during acceptance control it is determined that there is non-compliance with the requirements of the standard for more than one controlled indicator, then the batch is not accepted.

If non-compliance with the requirements of the standard is established for one of the controlled indicators, then repeated control is carried out on a double number of rolls of abrasive paper. If there are defects in the re-sampling, the batch will not be accepted.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.5. Periodic testing must be carried out at least once a year.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

4. CONTROL AND TEST METHODS

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1,).

4.2. The method for determining the cutting ability of grinding paper, as well as the strength of abrasive grains and the water resistance coefficient are indicated in the Appendix.

5. LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. On no work surface rolls must be clearly marked no more than every 150 mm in the transverse and longitudinal directions:

b) symbol of the sanding paper (without designations of type, type, size);

c) batch number.

Notes.

1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

2. On a two-layer sandpaper, the grain size of the bottom layer should be indicated. For example, when making a two-layer skin with a grain size of 40-N/25-P, the grain size of the bottom layer is indicated as 40-N.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1, ).

5.2. Winding the sanding paper into rolls should be tight and even, preventing the formation of wrinkles, folds and crumpled areas.

The end surface must be smooth, the protrusions of the edges must not exceed 20 mm. When installing the roll at the end, the protruding edges should not be wrinkled by more than 7 mm.

5.4. The packaged roll must be labeled or stamped with clearly marked information:

a) trademark of the manufacturer;

b) symbol of the sanding paper;

c) release date and batch number;

d) technical control stamp.

Note: On a roll of sanding paper made using YAN-153 or similar materials, a label indicating storage and transportation conditions must be affixed.

Section 6. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

ANNEX 1
Mandatory

METHOD FOR DETERMINING CUTTING ABILITY,
INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF FIXING ABRASIVE GRAINS
AND WATER RESISTANCE RATIO

1. Equipment and materials

1.1. Device for testing PSSh-3.

1.2. Technical scales with a weighing error of no more than 0.01 g.

1.3. Samples of sanding paper 680 mm long and 20 mm wide.

1.4. A rod made of calibrated steel grade 45 according to GOST 1051 with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 250 - 300 mm.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).

2. Preparation for the test

2.1. Edge and weigh a sample of abrasive paper.

2.2. Attach a sample of sanding paper to a metal disk with a diameter of 100 mm and the sanding rod in the chuck holder.

The grinding rod must be inclined in the opposite direction of the rotation of the disk so that the end of the rod is flat after grinding. For this purpose, grinding is carried out with 12-grain sandpaper from normal electrocorundum for 15 s at a radial load of 19.6 N, a rod rotation speed of 36 min -1, and a grinding speed of 15 m/s.

2.1, 2.2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3. Carrying out the test

3.1. Set the test modes indicated in the table.

Grain	Grinding speed, m/s	Rod rotation frequency, min -1	Duration of the grinding cycle, s	Durability criterion - minimum metal removal per cycle, mm
4; 5; M63; M50; M40			19,6
6; 8			29,4
10 - 16			39,2		0.5 (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1). 3.6. Remove and weigh a sample of abrasive paper. (Introduced additionally, Rev.№ 1). 4. Processing of test results 4.1. Cutting abilityQ,mm 3 /min, determined by the formula Where q 1 - length of the ground reference rod for the 1st grinding cycle, mm; t-duration of the grinding cycle, s. 4.2. Indicator of the strength of fixation of abrasive grains of sandpaperK, mm/g, determined by the formula Where q 1 - length of ground reference rod, mm; n- number of cycles until the durability criterion is achieved; Δ is the difference in mass of the sanding paper sample before and after testing, g. 4.3. The cutting ability and index of fastening strength of abrasive grains are determined as the arithmetic average of three tests. 4.1 - 4.3. (Changed edition, Rev. No. 1). 4.4. The water resistance coefficient is determined by testing a dry sandpaper sample and a sandpaper sample kept in water at a temperature of (60 ± 3) °C for 2 hours. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1). APPENDIX 2 Information INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF FIXING ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT OF SANDING PADS 1. Indicators of the strength of fastening of the abrasive grains of the sanding paper (the ratio of the removed material of the reference rod to the mass of the working layer destroyed to the base) must correspond to the values indicated in the table. 3,3 - 15,0
20; 25; 32; 40; 50			0,8 - 2,1	2,1 - 14,0
Silicon carbide			4; 5; M63; M50; M40	1,8 - 11,0		11,0 - 53,0
	6; 8	1,6 - 5,7	5,7 - 28,0
	10; 12; 16; 20; 25; 32	0,2 - 2,7	2,7 - 14,0
	40; 50	0,3 - 1,1	1,1 - 11,0
	40/25		0,5 - 5,0

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2. (Excluded, Change No. 3).

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Machine Tool and Tool Industry of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by the Resolution State Committee USSR according to standards dated September 13, 1979 No. 3555

3. INSTEAD GOST 13344-67

4. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

5. The validity period was lifted according to Protocol No. 5-94 of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 11-12-94)

6. EDITION (July 2003) with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3, approved in February 1983, June 1985, July 1989 (IUS 6-83, 9-85, 11-89)

STATE STANDARD

USSR UNION

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

GOST 13344-79

Official publication

IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS Moscow

UDC 621.921.6.024:006.354 Group G25

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

WATER-RESISTANT FABRIC SANDING PAPER

Specifications

Waterproof abrasive cloth. Specifications

Date of introduction 01/01/81

This standard applies to waterproof cloth abrasive paper intended for abrasive processing of various materials with and without the use of a cutting fluid based on water, oil, kerosene, etc.

1. TYPES AND SIZES

1.1. Sanding paper should be made of the following types:

1 - for machine and manual processing of wood, plastics, varnish coatings and alloys with low hardness;

2 - for machine and manual processing of hard and highly viscous metals and alloys.

1.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

1.3. Sanding paper should be made of the following types:

O - single-layer;

D - two-layer.

1.4. Sanding paper must be produced in rolls, the sizes and grain sizes of which must correspond to those indicated in the table. 1.

Official publication Reproduction prohibited

Table 1

Notes:

1. At the customer’s request, it is allowed to produce rolls with a width of more than 840 mm and a length of more than 30 m.

2. At the customer’s request, it is allowed to produce sanding paper from other grades and grain sizes of abrasive materials or mixtures thereof.

An example of a symbol for a waterproof fabric two-layer sanding paper type 2, 820 mm wide, 20 m long, on a fabric base made of plain-dyed weighted twill, from green silicon carbide grade 63C, grit size 40-N and 25-P, on phenol-formaldehyde resin:

D2 820x20 UG 63S 40-N/25-P SFZHGOST 13344-79

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 2, 3).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.2. To make sanding paper, fabrics should be used in accordance with GOST 3357, GOST 19196, special durable twill (SP), medium twill No. 1 plain-dyed (S1G), weighted twill (UG), semi-double-thread plain-dyed (P).

Notes:

1. The use of other fabrics, including synthetic fibers, is allowed.

2. If the fabric does not have an established symbol, it is allowed to indicate the fabric article in the symbol of the skin.

Note. It is permissible to use other ligaments whose physical and mechanical properties are no worse than those indicated.

Note. At the customer's request, it is allowed to use grinding materials with a main fraction content of 65% or more.

2.5. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

2.6. On the working surface of the sanding paper, the total area of wrinkles, folds, areas without abrasive grains, filled with a binder, should not exceed 0.5% of the roll area for grits 25 and 20.

For skins of other grain sizes, the total area of these defects should be no more than 1% of the roll area.

In a roll of skins, edges with a width of more than 10 mm with defects are not allowed.

2.7. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. The uneven thickness of the sanding paper should correspond to the values indicated in the table. 3.

Table 3*

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. The tensile strength and elongation of the air-dry sandpaper must correspond to the values indicated in the table. 4.

Table 4

Note. Values of breaking load and elongation of tissues not provided for in Table. 4, must be no less than for fabric P.

2.10. Indicators of the strength of fixation of abrasive grains are indicated in Appendix 2.

2.9, 2.10. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2.11. The cutting ability of the sanding paper under the grinding conditions specified in Appendix 1 must correspond to the values specified in table. 5.

Table 5

Grain	Cutting capacity, mm 3 /min, not less
Grain	silicon carbide	electrocorundum

2.12. The water resistance coefficient (the ratio of the cutting ability of sandpaper soaked in water to the cutting ability of dry sandpaper) must be at least 0.75. 2.11, 2.12. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3 1 To control the compliance of the abrasive paper with the requirements of this standard, acceptance inspection and periodic testing are carried out

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3 2 Acceptance control for compliance with the requirements of paragraphs 1 4 (in terms of dimensions) and 2 6 must be subject to at least 1% of rolls of abrasive paper from the batch, but not less than 3 pieces, according to paragraphs 2 11 - 0.1%, but not less than 3 PC

The batch must consist of rolls of skins of the same characteristics, produced in one shift and simultaneously presented for acceptance according to one document

3 3 If during acceptance control it is established that there is non-compliance with the requirements of the standard for more than one controlled indicator, then the batch is not accepted

If non-compliance with the requirements of the standard is established for one of the controlled indicators, then re-inspection is carried out on twice the number of rolls of abrasive paper. If there are defects in the re-sampling, the batch is not accepted

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3 4 Products (one of the roll sizes) that have passed the acceptance control must be subjected to periodic testing for compliance with the requirements of paragraphs 28 and 2 12 of at least 0.5% of the batch of rolls, but not less than 3 pieces, according to paragraph 2 9 - not less than 0 .5% rolls of sandpaper, 40/25 grit; 40; 25; 8; 5 and 4, but not less than 3 pieces, according to paragraph 2 9 - on all types of fabrics

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

3 5 Periodic tests must be carried out at least once a year

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

4. CONTROL AND TEST METHODS

4 1 Test methods - according to GOST 6456

Control of tensile strength and elongation - according to GOST 27181

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

4 2 The method for determining the cutting ability of grinding paper, as well as the strength of abrasive grains and the water resistance coefficient are specified in Appendix 1

5. MARKING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION

AND STORAGE

5.1. On the non-working surface of the roll the following must be clearly marked no more than every 150 mm in the transverse and longitudinal directions:

b) symbol sanding paper (without designation of type, type, size);

c) batch number.

Notes

2.1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

5.2. Winding the sanding paper into rolls should be tight and even, preventing the formation of wrinkles, folds and crumpled areas.

The end surface must be smooth, the protrusions of the edges must not exceed 20 mm. When installing the roll at the end, the protruding edges should not be wrinkled by more than 7 mm.

5.3. Rolls of sanding paper must be wrapped in paper in accordance with GOST 8273 and GOST 2228 or other packaging materials. Layers of packaging paper must reliably cover the ends of the rolls and ensure the preservation of the rolls of skins during transportation.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

5.4. The packaged roll must be labeled or stamped with clearly marked information:

a) trademark of the manufacturer;

b) symbol of the sanding paper;

c) release date and batch number;

d) technical control stamp.

Note. A roll of sanding paper made using YAN-153 varnish or similar materials must be affixed with a label indicating storage and transportation conditions.

5.5-5.11. (Excluded, Amendment No. 3).

5.12. Other requirements for labeling and packaging, as well as transportation and storage, are in accordance with GOST 27595.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

Section 6. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

APPENDIX 1 Mandatory

METHOD FOR DETERMINING CUTTING ABILITY, INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT 1 2 3

1. Equipment and materials

1.1. Device for testing PSSh-3.

1.2. Technical scales with a weighing error of no more than 0.01 g.

1.3. Samples of sanding paper 680 mm long and 20 mm wide.

1.4. A rod made of calibrated steel grade 45 according to GOST 1051 with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 250-300 mm.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2. Preparation for the test

2.1. Edge and weigh a sample of abrasive paper.

2.2. Attach a sample of sanding paper to a metal disk with a diameter of 100 mm and the sanding rod in the chuck holder.

2.1, 2.2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3. Carrying out the test

3.1. Set the test modes indicated in the table.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.2. Perform grinding.

3.3. Measure the length of the ground section of the rod with a caliper with an error of 0.05 mm.

3.4. Cool the rod until room temperature or replace with another.

3.5. Repeat operations according to paragraphs. 3.2-3.4 until the durability criterion of the abrasive paper is reached in accordance with the table.

3.2-3.5. (Changed edition, Amendment No. I).

3.6. Remove and weigh a sample of abrasive paper.

4. Processing of test results

4.1. Cutting ability Q, mm 3 /min, is determined by the formula

Q --- ,

where q x is the length of the ground reference rod per 1st cycle grinding, mm;

D - duration of the grinding cycle, s.

4.2. The indicator of the strength of fixation of abrasive grains of sandpaper /G, mm/g, is determined by the formula

length of ground reference rod, mm; number of cycles until durability criterion is achieved; difference in mass of the sanding paper sample before and after testing, g.

where q x - n - D-

4.3. The cutting ability and index of fastening strength of abrasive grains are determined as the arithmetic average of three tests.

4.1-4.3. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.4. The water resistance coefficient is determined by testing a dry sandpaper sample and a sandpaper sample kept in water at a temperature of (60±3) C for 2 hours.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

APPENDIX 2 Information

INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF FIXING ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT OF GRINDING FELLET

1. Indicators of the strength of fastening of the abrasive grains of the sanding paper (the ratio of the removed material of the reference rod to the mass of the working layer destroyed to the base) must correspond to the values indicated in the table.

grinding material	Grain	Strength indicator K, mm/g, for sandpaper types
grinding material	Grain
Electrocorundum	4; 5; M63; M50; M40


	20; 25; 32; 40; 50
Silicon carbide	4; 5; M63; M50; M40

	10; 12; 16; 20; 25; 32

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3). 2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Machine Tool and Tool Industry of the USSR

DEVELOPERS

L.A. Grechko, V.I. Dombrovsky, M.A. Zaitseva, L.A. Kogan, V.S. Kravchenko, T.A. Krivtsova, A.A. Dustier, E.S. Plotkina, V.A. Rybakov, S.K! Rozin

2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated September 13, 1979 No. 3555

3. The date of the first inspection is 1989, the frequency of inspection is 5 years.

4. INSTEAD GOST 13344-67

5. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

6. The validity period was lifted according to the protocol of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 11-12-94)

7. REISSUE (April 1997) with Amendments No. 1,2,3, approved in February 1983, June 1985, July 1989 (IUS 6-83, 9-85, 11-89)

Editor V.L. Ogurtsov Technical editor V.I. Prusakova Corrector M.S. Kabashova Computer layout L.A. Circular

Ed. persons N° 021007 from J0.08.95. Delivered to set 05.14.97. Signed for publication on June 10, 1997. Uel. oven l. 0.70. Academic ed. l. 0.60. Circulation 200 copies. C576. Zach. 414.

IPK Standards Publishing House, 107076, Moscow, Kolodezny per., 14. Typed at the Publishing House on a PC

Branch of IPK Standards Publishing House - type. th Moscow Printer”

Moscow, Lyalin lane, 6.

Once you understand the sandpaper production technology, you can easily select the sheet you need. Conventionally, it is divided into three groups: coarse-grained, medium-grained and close to zero for finishing. There are other subtleties, without taking them into account, you can ruin the material or abrasive.

Selecting grain size. From removing old paint to polishing glass items

There are markings on the back of the sandpaper, but they may vary depending on the manufacturer and year. It is better to buy it by inspecting it in person, rather than trusting inexperienced people or ordering it on the Internet. If this is not possible, rely on a combination of indicators rather than numbers. Since the same grain size can be designated by three different markings: P 800-21.8, 400-23 and J 700-21. We will indicate all the options in the table.

Table No. 1. Grain markings

USSR		Modern marking				Purpose
GOST-3647-80	Size, microns	Educational materials are not flexible	Size, microns	Flexible educational materials	Size, microns	Purpose
		F 4	4890			Rough cleaning of seams or removal of old coating
		F 5	4125
		F 6	3460
		F 7	2900
200	2500/2000	F 8	2460
200	2500/2000	F10	2085
160	2000/1600	F12	1765	P 12	1815
125	1600/1250	F 14	1470
100	1250/1000	F 16	1230	P 16	1324
100	1250/1000	F 20	1040	P 20	1000
80	1000/800	F 22	885

63	800/630	F 24	745	P 24 (24)	764 (708)	Leveling the surface
50	630/500	F 30	625	P 30 (30)	642 (632)
50	630/500	F 36	525	P 36 (36)	538 (530)
40	500/400	F 40	438	P 40 (40)	425 (425)
32	400/315	F 46	370
25	315/250	F 54	310	60	265
25	315/250	F 60	260	P 60	269
20	250/200	F 70	218	P 80	201
16	200/160	F 80	185	P 100 (80)	162 (190)

12	160/125	F 90	154			Rough grinding of the surface to remove scratches
12	160/125	F 100	129	P120 (120)	125 (115)
10	125/100	F 120	109	P 150 (150)	100 (92)
8	100/80	F 150	82	P 180 (180)	82 (82)
6	80/63 (80-63)	F 180	69	P 220 (220)	68 (68)
5 M63	63/50 (63-50)	F 220	58	P240 (240)	58,5 (58,5)
5 M63	63/50 (63-50)	F 230	53	P 280 (J 280)	52,2 (52)
4 M50	50/40 (50-40)	F 240	44,5	P 320 (J 320)	46,2 (46)
4 M50	50/40 (50-40)			P 360 (J 360)	40,5 (40)

M 40	40/28 (40-28)	F 280	36,5	P 400 (320 or J 400)	35 (36 or 34)	Removing traces of rough grinding, sharpening metal for a blade
M 40	40/28 (40-28)	F 320	29,2	P 500 (360 J 500)	30,2 (28)
M 28	28/20 (28-20)	F 360	22,8	P 600 (J600)	25,8 (24)
M 28	28/20 (28-20)	F 360	22,8	P 800 (400 J 700)	21,8 (23 21)
M 20	20/14 (20-14)	F 400	17,3	P 1000 (500 J 800)	18,3 (20 18)
M 20	20/14 (20-14)	F 400	17,3	P 1200 (600 J 1000)	15,3 (16 15,5)

M 14	14/10 (14-10)	F 500	12,8	P 1500 (800, J 1200)	12,6 (12,6, 13)	Final polishing of products to perfect condition, processing of the blade after sharpening
M 14	14/10 (14-10)	F 500	12,8	P 2000 (1000, J 1500)	10,3 (10,3, 10,5)
M 7	10/7 (10-7)	F 600	9,3	P 2500	8,4
M5	7/5 (7-5)	F 800	6,5	1200 (J 2000)	5,5 (6,7)
M5	7/5 (7-5)	J 2500	5,5
M 3	5/3 (5-3)	F 1000	4,5	J 3000	4
	3/2 (3-2)	F 1200	3	J 4000	3
	2/1 (2-1)	F 1500	2	J 6000	2
	2/1 (2-1)	F 2000	1,2	J 8000	1,2
	1/0,5 (1-0,5)
	0,5/0,1 (0,5-0,3)
	0,3/0,1 (0,3-0,1)
	0.1 and<

In all situations, choose at least three variations and start with the largest grain and end with the finest.

Material processing options:

glass, plastic and stone use the wet grinding method, so choose sheets with a moisture-resistant base. If there are chips, start with 3 thousand microns, for light scratches with 1500 microns. Next, move on to 1 thousand or 600 microns and finish with 100 or 30 microns. To add gloss, GOI paste is used. Lenses, lenses or screens have more gentle compositions;
wooden and plaster surfaces - it is better to choose smaller fractions so as not to leave deep scratches. You can start with 1 thousand microns and end with 30 and below;
iron - polished in different sizes, depending on the task. To give the desired shape, take the coarsest fractions from 4890 microns and finish with zeros. As a rule, 4-5 intermediate options are used. Large abrasives cannot be used for soft metals such as gold and tin;
surface painted with water-based paint - complete sanding with sandpaper with a fraction close to zero. Otherwise it will show all the small scratches.

Be careful not to confuse type and microns. If the marking shows from F4 to F22, this is coarse sandpaper, but its grain size is measured only in microns and is equal to from 4890 to 885 microns. When choosing, it is better to name the grain size, 1 µm = 0.001 mm.

Pros and cons of different foundations

Some bases are not suitable for use in a humid environment, others are elastic and bend well around curls, there is a particularly strong base or, conversely, soft on thin paper and inexpensive.

The most common basics:

paper ones are inexpensive, do not stretch and come in all types of grains, but they are not strong enough. It can be waterproof, but these properties are inferior to fabric;
fabric - elasticity is their main plus and minus. On the one hand, the base easily takes the shape of any product, on the other hand, the abrasive crumbles when stretched strongly. Durable and moisture resistant, but expensive;
fiber - most often made for discs, but are indispensable when processing stone. It is used for very hard materials;
combined - layers of fabric and paper are glued together and an abrasive is applied to the base. It has the advantages of paper and fabric, but has a high price.

The base also has its own markings, which can be seen on the article number or the back side. The values can be viewed in the table.

Table No. 2. Marking of basics

Types and methods of applying abrasive

When choosing, pay attention to the type of application; some of them are more suitable for products with a fragile surface, others for grinding hard materials.

Table No. 3. Marking of application type

Marking	Type of application
1	Open application
3	Stearate coating
4	Closed type application

Coating by application method:

by open filling - 60% of the area is covered. Thanks to the voids, it is suitable for crushing material; shavings and gypsum pour out through them. This skin is less likely to become clogged;
closed filling - the abrasive covers the blade 100%. They are chosen for metal processing, since when used on a soft surface it quickly becomes clogged;
mechanical method- less uniform application due to the use of gravity. The particles fall in different directions;
using electrostatics - the sharpest sanding layers are created. The impact of an electrostatic field on each particle turns them with their tip in one direction.

The abrasive is glued to the surface with resins and glue. Some of them have waterproof or antistatic properties.

Each abrasive has its own tasks

A soft abrasive will not help when processing glass or stone, but a very hard abrasive will make deep grooves on plastic or putty. Typically, the sharpest materials are used to roughly remove a layer or give shape, and soft ones are used to level and give smoothness.

Most often you can find the following materials:

diamond is the most durable and sharpest material, but expensive;
garnet is harder than aluminum oxide, but wears out faster. Most often used for wood;
quartz - known as “skin glass” due to its frequent use in optics and ceramics;
aluminum oxide (emery) - with strong friction it is renewed due to chips that form new edges;
Silicon carbide is the sharpest and most affordable, replacing diamond chips in its properties. Used for metal, ceramics and paint removal;
electrocorundum - differs from aluminum oxide in greater strength, as it is alloyed with titanium, aluminum or chromium.

If it is impossible to determine the material externally, rely on the letter markings.

Table No. 4. Marking of abrasive

Homemade sanding sheets according to old recipes

The first sandpaper appeared not in 1833, but thousands of years ago. Residents of coastal areas used shark skin or boiled glue on fish scales. Next, they smeared it on pieces of leather or fabric and sprinkled it with sand. Craftsmen living far from the coast extracted glue from the bones and veins of animals or used tree resin.

To change the effect on the treated surface, craftsmen made several versions of the canvas. Some sheets contained crushed gemstones, others sand, and still others ground shells or plant seeds. For processing large stones or objects were created by metal plates, on the hot surface of which an abrasive was applied.

Modern sheets are produced with the same type of markings, accepted throughout the world. Old sandpaper inherited or purchased on the construction market may differ greatly from accepted standards, so it is better to focus on appearance, this will help avoid mistakes.

5. The validity period was lifted according to the protocol of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 11-12-94)

6. EDITION (July 2003) with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3, approved in February 1983, June 1985, July 1989 (IUS 6-83, 9-85, 11-89)

This standard applies to waterproof cloth abrasives intended for abrasive processing of various materials with and without the use of a cutting fluid based on water, oil, kerosene, etc.

1. TYPES AND SIZES

1.1. Sanding paper should be made of the following types:

1 - for machine and manual processing of wood, plastics, varnish coatings and alloys with low hardness;

2 - for machine and manual processing of hard and highly viscous metals and alloys.

1.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

1.3. Sanding paper should be made of the following types:

O - single-layer;

D - two-layer.

1.4. Sanding paper must be produced in rolls, the sizes and grain sizes of which must correspond to those indicated in Table 1.

Table 1


Type of sanding paper	Grain	Width, mm (limit off ±15)	Length, mm (limit deviation ±0.3)
		600; 725; 745; 775; 800; 820; 840
		725; 745; 775; 800; 820; 840

Notes:

1. At the customer’s request, it is allowed to produce rolls with a width of more than 840 mm and a length of more than 30 m.

2. At the customer’s request, it is allowed to produce sanding paper from other grades and grain sizes of abrasive materials or mixtures thereof.

An example of a symbol for a waterproof fabric two-layer sanding paper type 2, 820 mm wide, 20 m long, on a fabric base made of plain-dyed weighted twill, from green silicon carbide grade 63C, grit size 40-N and 25-P, on phenol-formaldehyde resin:

D2 820x20 UG 63S 40-N/25-P SFZh GOST 13344-79

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 2, 3).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.2. To make sanding paper, fabrics should be used in accordance with GOST 3357, GOST 19196, special durable twill (SP), medium twill N 1 plain-dyed (S1G), weighted twill (UG), semi-double-thread plain-dyed (P).

Notes:

1. The use of other fabrics, including synthetic fibers, is allowed.

2. If the fabric does not have an established symbol, it is allowed to indicate the fabric article in the symbol of the skin.

2.3. The grinding material must be firmly bonded to the base with phenol-formaldehyde resin grades SFZh-3038 and SFZh-3039 according to GOST 20907, varnish grade YAN-153 according to normative and technical documentation (NTD).

Note. It is permissible to use other ligaments whose physical and mechanical properties are no worse than those indicated.

2.4. The grain composition of grinding materials is in accordance with GOST 3647 with indices P and N.

Note. At the customer's request, it is allowed to use grinding materials with a main fraction content of 65% or more.

2.5. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

2.6. On the working surface of the sanding paper, the total area of wrinkles, folds, areas without abrasive grains, filled with a binder, should not exceed 0.5% of the roll area for grits 25 and 20.

For skins of other grain sizes, the total area of these defects should be no more than 1% of the roll area.

In a roll of skins, edges with a width of more than 10 mm with defects are not allowed.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2.7. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. The uneven thickness of the sanding paper should correspond to the values indicated in Table 3.

Table 3*

______________________
*Table 2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).


Grain	Thickness unevenness, mm, no more




8 and smaller

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. The tensile strength and elongation of the air-dry sandpaper should correspond to the values indicated in Table 4.

Table 4


Fabric designation	Breaking load, N, not less, in directions		Elongation at break in the longitudinal direction, %, no more
	longitudinal	transverse

Note. The values of breaking load and elongation of fabrics not provided for in Table 4 must be no less than for fabric P.

2.10. Indicators of the strength of fixation of abrasive grains are indicated in Appendix 2.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2.11. The cutting ability of the sanding paper under the grinding conditions specified in Appendix 1 must correspond to the values specified in Table 5.

Table 5


Grain	Cutting capacity, mm/min, not less
	silicon carbide	electrocorundum

2.12. The water resistance coefficient (the ratio of the cutting ability of sandpaper soaked in water to the cutting ability of dry sandpaper) must be at least 0.75.

2.11-2.12. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.1. To monitor compliance of the abrasive paper with the requirements of this standard, acceptance inspection and periodic testing are carried out.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.2. At least 1% of rolls of abrasive paper from the batch, but not less than 3 pcs., according to paragraph 2.11 - 0.1%, but not less than 3 pcs.

The batch must consist of rolls of skins of the same characteristics, produced in one shift and simultaneously presented for acceptance according to one document.

3.3. If during acceptance control it is determined that there is non-compliance with the requirements of the standard for more than one controlled indicator, then the batch is not accepted.

If non-compliance with the requirements of the standard is established for one of the controlled indicators, then repeated control is carried out on a double number of rolls of abrasive paper. If there are defects in the re-sampling, the batch will not be accepted.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.4. Products (one of the roll sizes) that have passed the acceptance control must be subjected to periodic testing for compliance with the requirements of clauses 2.8 and 2.12 of at least 0.5% of the batch of rolls, but not less than 3 pcs., according to clause 2.9 - at least 0, 5% rolls of 40/25 grit sandpaper; 40; 25; 8; 5 and 4, but not less than 3 pcs., according to clause 2.9 - on all types of fabrics.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

3.5. Periodic testing must be carried out at least once a year.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

4. CONTROL AND TEST METHODS

4.1. Test methods - according to GOST 6456.

Control of tensile strength and elongation - according to GOST 27181.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

4.2. The method for determining the cutting ability of abrasive paper, as well as the strength of abrasive grains and the water resistance coefficient are specified in Appendix 1.

5. LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. On the non-working surface of the roll the following must be clearly marked no more than every 150 mm in the transverse and longitudinal directions:

b) symbol of the sanding paper (without designations of type, type, size);

c) batch number.

Notes

1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

5.2. Winding the sanding paper into rolls should be tight and even, preventing the formation of wrinkles, folds and crumpled areas.

The end surface must be smooth, the protrusions of the edges must not exceed 20 mm. When installing the roll at the end, the protruding edges should not be wrinkled by more than 7 mm.

5.4. The packaged roll must be labeled or stamped with clearly marked information:

a) trademark of the manufacturer;

b) symbol of the sanding paper;

c) release date and batch number;

d) technical control stamp.

Note. A roll of sanding paper made using YAN-153 varnish or similar materials must be affixed with a label indicating storage and transportation conditions.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

5.5-5.11. (Excluded, Amendment No. 3).

5.12. Other requirements for labeling and packaging, as well as transportation and storage, are in accordance with GOST 27595.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

Section 6. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

APPENDIX 1 (mandatory). METHOD FOR DETERMINING CUTTING ABILITY, INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT

ANNEX 1
Mandatory

1. Equipment and materials

1.1. Device for testing PSSh-3.

1.2. Technical scales with a weighing error of no more than 0.01 g.

1.3. Samples of sanding paper 680 mm long and 20 mm wide.

1.4. A rod made of calibrated steel grade 45 according to GOST 1051 with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 250-300 mm.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2. Preparation for the test

2.1. Edge and weigh a sample of abrasive paper.

2.2. Attach a sample of sanding paper to a metal disk with a diameter of 100 mm and the sanding rod in the chuck holder.

The grinding rod must be inclined in the opposite direction of the rotation of the disk so that the end of the rod is flat after grinding. For this purpose, grinding is carried out with 12-grit sandpaper from normal electrocorundum for 15 s at a radial load of 19.6 N, a rod rotation speed of 36 min, and a grinding speed of 15 m/s.

2.1, 2.2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3. Carrying out the test

3.1. Set the test modes indicated in the table.


Grain	Grinding speed, m/s	Rod rotation frequency, min	Duration of the grinding cycle, s	Durability criterion - minimum metal removal per cycle, mm
4; 5; M63; M50; M40

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.2. Perform grinding.

3.3. Measure the length of the ground section of the rod with a caliper with an error of 0.05 mm.

3.4. Cool the rod to room temperature or replace it with another one.

3.5. Repeat operations according to paragraphs 3.2-3.4 until the durability criterion of the abrasive paper is achieved in accordance with the table.

3.2-3.5. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.6. Remove and weigh a sample of abrasive paper.

4. Processing of test results

4.1. Cutting capacity, mm/min, is determined by the formula

where is the length of the ground reference rod for the 1st grinding cycle, mm;

- duration of the grinding cycle, s.

4.2. The indicator of the strength of fixation of abrasive grains of abrasive paper, mm/g, is determined by the formula

where is the length of the ground reference rod, mm;

- number of cycles until the durability criterion is achieved;

- difference in mass of the sanding paper sample before and after testing, g.

4.3. The cutting ability and index of fastening strength of abrasive grains are determined as the arithmetic average of three tests.

4.1-4.3. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.4. The water resistance coefficient is determined by testing a dry sandpaper sample and a sandpaper sample kept in water at a temperature of (60±3) °C for 2 hours.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

APPENDIX 2 (for reference). INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF FIXING ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT OF GRINDING FELLET

APPENDIX 2
Information


Type of abrasive material	Grain	Strength indicator, mm/g, for sandpaper types

Electrocorundum	4; 5; M63; M50; M40


	20; 25; 32; 40; 50
Silicon carbide	4; 5; M63; M50; M40

	10; 12; 16; 20; 25; 32

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

Electronic document text
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: IPK Standards Publishing House, 2003

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5. LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

ANNEX 1 Mandatory

APPENDIX 2 Information

GOST 13344-79

D2 820x20 UG 63S 40-N/25-P SFZHGOST 13344-79

Q --- ,

Selecting grain size. From removing old paint to polishing glass items

Pros and cons of different foundations

Types and methods of applying abrasive

Each abrasive has its own tasks

Homemade sanding sheets according to old recipes

1. TYPES AND SIZES

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

4. CONTROL AND TEST METHODS

5. LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

APPENDIX 1 (mandatory). METHOD FOR DETERMINING CUTTING ABILITY, INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT

APPENDIX 2 (for reference). INDICATORS OF STRENGTH OF FIXING ABRASIVE GRAINS AND WATER RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT OF GRINDING FELLET

ANNEX 1
Mandatory

APPENDIX 2
Information