A simple, economical, homemade lighter for igniting gas. 12 parts. Power supply 1.2 V. The first converter, an asymmetrical multivibrator, is assembled on transistors VT1-VT2. Winding 1 of transformer Tr2-step-up transformer is connected to the collector circuit VT2. From its secondary winding, high-frequency voltage is supplied to the rectifier diode. The rectified voltage charges capacitor C2, which in turn opens the thyristor VS1, the open thyristor closes the charged capacitor to winding 1 of the high-voltage transformer Tr1. A high-voltage discharge occurs on winding 2. The capacitor is discharged, the thyristor closes, and the storage capacitor is charged again C2.
Transformer Tr2, taken from a broken phone charger. To remove the ferrite core, you need to heat it. After removing the windings, wind 500 turns of wire with a diameter of approximately 0.08 mm onto the frame. This will be winding 2. Next, insulate the winding with one or two layers of tape and wind the primary winding in the same direction as the secondary. It contains 10 turns of wire with a diameter of about 0.4-0.8 mm. How to check the operation of the converter is shown in the video.
High voltage transformer Tr1, second voltage converter, wound on a ferrite rod from the magnetic antenna of a long- and medium-wave radio receiver. Using a blade for cutting tiles, I sawed the ferrite shallowly in a circle. Then I simply broke it with my hands. The length of the ferrite was 3 cm, but it could probably be less. Wrap the ferrite with one layer of tape and glue it on the sides “cheeks”, and wind the high-voltage winding-2. The first terminal of this winding, which will come out of the coil, MUST be threaded through PVC insulation to prevent it from breaking due to bending. Wrap 300 turns with a wire with a diameter of 0.06-0.1 mm. Wrap this layer with three layers of tape, making sure that the edges of the tape touch the cheeks, otherwise there will be a breakdown in this place. To prevent the coil from unwinding during winding, it must be glued with a drop of glue. Five layers of 300 turns should be laid on the ferrite. Wind in one direction. In case of breakage thin wire, it can be welded with a lighter. Twist two wires and heat the end of the twist until a round piece appears. Then carefully pull the two wires, and you can continue winding. Insulate the high-voltage winding with three layers of tape, and in the same direction as the secondary, wind the primary It contains 10 turns of wire 0.6-0.8mm. A layer of adhesive tape and the coil is ready.
Ready coils.
I selected transistors and found the best option for the operation of the first converter. These are the common transistors kt361 and c3205. Instead of kt361, kt3107 is suitable. Instead of c3205-kt815, s8050, bd135. I did not select a thyristor, because it is also common, but will probably fit from the same series mcr100-...Resistors R3-R4 serve for the opening threshold of the thyristor. By choosing them, you can strengthen the spark at the output. The diodes must be fast-switching, see datasheets. Suitable: ps158r;fr155p ;fr107;fr103.
The arc that ignites the gas is about 5-6mm long. A shorter arc length will not ignite the gas. The arc is not dangerous, there is a tingling sensation, like from a piezo lighter. The battery should last for a long time. I tested it for an hour with a battery with a capacity of 2800 mA * 1.2 V, left it on , and sparks were playing on my table for a whole hour. I checked the battery and it was not discharged.
Here are two videos on how to make a lighter for igniting a gas stove.
This electric lighter will be an excellent kitchen assistant for gas stoves that do not have an electric ignition function. It is very convenient and trouble-free in operation. You can make it yourself by spending just a couple of hours of your time, having previously stocked up on a piece of one-sided foil fiberglass and a minimum of inexpensive and radio components. A sketch of a printed circuit board and a drawing of the proposed design will serve as a faithful assistant.
The principle of operation of the homemade design is based on the cyclic charge-discharge of the C1 capacitance. This is done when the button SВ1 is pressed. Through resistance R1, diode VD1 and the primary winding of the transformer. And when C1 is discharged, current flows through the circuit of the open thyristor, diode VD2, and the primary winding of the step-up transformer. A high-voltage voltage is induced in the secondary winding of the transformer, which causes the formation of a spark in the gap between the electrodes and ignites the gas.
The transformer is made on a piece of ferrite rod 2 centimeters long from any radio receiver. Having wrapped the rod with electrical tape, the secondary winding is wound onto it in sections of 6 by 90 turns with PEV-2 0.06 wire. Then they isolate the high-voltage winding and proceed to winding the primary winding of only four turns, with a wire of the same brand, but with a diameter of 0.5 mm.
The peculiarity of this simple amateur radio design is that the printed circuit board is also a supporting structure.
Spring contact SB1 is made from a strip of brass 0.2 mm thick and 8 mm wide. The button itself is made of any insulating material, as an option, plexiglass.
The lighter body is glued from sheet polystyrene or similar material. Complete isolation of the high-voltage part from all others makes this device absolutely safe to use.
Today we will look at Chinese gas lighters powered by AA batteries. The price of such devices does not exceed $1 (in some cases no more than $0.5). Such lighters have a completely electronic filling. Inside you can find a compact board on which several components are located.
The gas lighter circuit consists of two main parts:
- Voltage transformer;
- High voltage coil.
Such lighters are designed to work with one or two AA batteries with a voltage of 1.5 Volts. It can operate for a long time on one AA battery; with two batteries, it should not be turned on for a long time. During operation, an air breakdown of no more than 0.5 cm is formed at the outlet. The output voltage of the circuit is about 6-7 kV.
A boost converter consists of only three components:
- Transistor;
- Limiting resistor;
- Step-up transformer.
Electronic lighter circuit
The circuit is a blocking generator. An increased voltage of about 50 Volts is generated on the secondary winding. Often in such circuits a bipolar transistor of the S8550D series (pnp, 25 V, 1.5 A) is used. Then the voltage is straightened. The PCR606J thyristor (600 V, 0.6 A) operates in switching mode and supplies short-term pulses to the primary winding of a high-voltage coil. The coil itself is sectional, the resistance of the secondary winding is about 355-365 Ohms. The winding is wound with copper wire, the diameter is around 0.05mm. The primary winding is wound on a ferrite rod and consists of 15 turns, the wire is 0.4 mm.
Possible causes of device malfunction
- The cause of a circuit malfunction may primarily be a faulty thyristor. It can be replaced with a similar one, for example, MCR2208.
- The second reason for a circuit malfunction may be in the transistor. During operation, it may fail for various reasons. It is advisable to replace the transistor with a more powerful one - KT815/817, although you can also use low-power ones - KT315 or, even better, KT3102.
- Rarely, a circuit may fail due to a diode. The fact is that in some gas lighter circuits, a regular rectifier diode is used, but recently in almost all devices you can see a pulse diode of the FR107 series.
Now let's think about where we can use this filling? There are a lot of options, we will consider only the most interesting ones, which can serve as the basis for more serious projects.
So, the first design based on a Chinese electric gas lighter is a device for transmitting electric current without wires.
In fact, such a device is outrageously simple, you don’t even need to redo anything. First, we disassemble the lighter and remove the mechanism. We unsolder the high-voltage coil, then we need to wind two circuits. Circuits are needed to transmit and receive electrical current.
The transmitting circuit is not critical (and neither is the receiving circuit); in my case, the circuit is wound on a pipe with a diameter of 20 cm. The winding wire was used with a diameter of 0.6 mm, the number of turns was 40. This circuit is soldered in place of the high-voltage transformer. The second circuit is the receiving circuit, in my case it is wound with 0.4 mm wire and contains 80 turns. You can wind it on anything, the diameter of the frame is from 5 to 20 cm.
To check the functionality of such a system, you need to connect an LED (any color, polarity is not important) to the terminals of the receiving circuit through a 1 kilo-ohm limiting resistor. The operating frequency of the converter is about 80-120 hertz. A voltage is generated in the receiving circuit, the frequency of the current is equal to the frequency of the pulses that are supplied to the receiving circuit. As you can see, the LED in this case is not powered by direct current, but the bursts are very fast and the human eye is not able to see the intervals and we perceive such light as constant.
So, we looked at one of the simplest methods of inductive current transmission without wires. Thus, you can transmit current over 10-15 cm, you just have to ask yourself the question - where to apply it? This method can be used everywhere - from wireless chargers for mobile phones and laptops, to Tesla transformers. I won’t explain the diagrams and designs in detail, I’ll just throw out a few ideas.
1) From the receiving coil we receive a high frequency current, it can be rectified, then stabilized and used to power or charge autonomous devices.
The second design based on a Chinese electric gas lighter is a charger from one AA battery. You can charge both a mobile phone and receivers and players.
Original scheme
Remaking the circuit in the memory
The design of such a charger is quite simple. Again, you need to disassemble the lighter and unsolder half of the components from the board. From the board we need a converter based on a self-oscillator. The converter consists of a transformer, a transistor and a base resistor. We also leave a pulse diode on the board, which is necessary for rectifying the current. Next we need a 5.6 volt zener diode and an electrolytic capacitor. The capacitance of the capacitor is not critical (100-1000 µF), the voltage should be 10-50 volts.
As a result, we have a simple charger for a mobile phone from one battery, the assembly of which does not require much effort. The most interesting thing is that you can even use AA batteries, and with a voltage of 1.2 volts, the device continues to operate even if the voltage on the battery is about 1 volt. All you have to do is find a suitable case and you will have a full-fledged field charger for mobile devices.
As mentioned above, Chinese lighters with electronic filling are too weak. The other day I decided to strengthen one of these lighters for its intended use, since without modification it is not capable of igniting gas.
The internals are standard - a converter and a high-voltage coil. The device works very simply: voltage from a AA battery is supplied to a self-oscillating converter, and a voltage of 40-50 Volts is generated at the output of the first transformer. This voltage is then rectified through a pulse diode and accumulated in a capacitor. In this case, a 50 volt 0.33 µF film capacitor was used. Once the capacitor is fully charged, part of the voltage is applied to the control electrode of the thyristor, causing the latter to open. By opening the thyristor, the capacitor gives all its potential to the primary winding of the high-voltage coil, i.e. the capacitance of the capacitor is discharged into this winding. As a result, an electromagnetic field is formed and an electric current is generated on the secondary winding. The voltage reaches up to 7 kV due to the large number of turns, so electrical discharges can be observed.
The frequency of opening of discharges at the output is proportional to the frequency of opening of the thyristor per minute. The frequency of these discharges directly depends on the supply voltage. To increase the frequency, two batteries were used. Nickel-cadmium batteries total voltage 2.4 volts, capacity 250 mA.
With this power supply, the discharge frequency increased at least 3 times; three batteries could be used, but there was not enough space in the case. Next I decided to strengthen the savings part. To do this, another capacitor was soldered parallel to the main capacitor, exactly the same as the first. As a result, the total capacitance of both capacitors is 0.66 μF. Thus, the discharges became brighter and the frequency increased. The converted lighter does its job successfully. In the future it is planned to add a built-in charger from a 220 volt network.