Crops such as radishes, radishes, carrots, beets, chives and sets, sorrel, lettuce, dill, and parsley are suitable for sowing before winter. Their seeds easily tolerate cold, do not spoil in the soil and sprout early in the spring.
The area under these crops can be reused over the summer for something late in maturity.
Medania is a spring and autumn variety, with medium-sized longitudinal leaves. Norman is a spring variety with smooth, dark green leaves. They appreciate the taste. Matador 30-year-old spinach with slightly compressed, dark green leaves. Suitable for freezing.
- Germa - spring and summer varieties with cut, dark green leaves.
- Resistant to diseases.
- Resistant to diseases, flowering in flower shoots is delayed.
The beds on which pre-winter sowing will be carried out must be protected from northern winds and well lit, that is, not located in the shade. In the fall, the planting area must be dug up and the soil must settle before sowing. When digging, it is advisable to add organic and mineral fertilizers, and also add a little wood ash. Before sowing (to avoid waterlogging of the soil), you can cover the beds with film.
In addition to all this, the winter garden can contain cabbage, broccoli and andiva. Discover 10 Perfect Winter Vegetables for Your Garden! Green salad is one of the most suitable plants for the garden in winter. The salad is unpretentious and adapts to harsh temperatures. This way the plant can grow in low light and low temperature conditions. By December, lettuce can be harvested from the garden. This is one of the cheapest plants that can grow in the cold season with minimal effort.
Asparagus is planted in a bed of quality soil without traces of pests or burials. The seed must be made in high and sunny place. In winter, asparagus should be covered with a layer of mulch of branches and straw to protect the plant from the cold. In spring the layer is removed. Autumn broccoli is harvested towards the end of the year for the holidays. In winter, broccoli can be sown the following year, when harvesting begins in the second half of spring.
Preparing seeds for sowing in autumn
Seeds must be treated with formalin solution before sowing. They are sown around the end of October - beginning of November (when the air temperature is stable around +2+3°C), or even a little later, so that they do not germinate in the fall and die.
Summer-grown carrots can be grown in winter in mid-July. Before the first frost, it is good to remove carrots from the ground and store them in a cool, moisture-free place. To protect the plant from the cold, it is covered with a layer of straw. Andives can be harvested in winter. Leeks are a vegetable that is planted in the spring. In autumn, the plant should be protected with mulch. In winter you can harvest leeks.
To withstand the winter, it is good to grow green cabbage varieties. Other varieties degenerate before freezing. The plant can be harvested in the spring. Chicory is planted until mid-July. At the end of autumn, the root is transplanted into a pot with moist soil and covered with sand. In winter, the plant should be stored in a warm room.
The seed sowing rates for pre-winter sowing are somewhat higher, approximately twice as much, since some of the seeds may simply not germinate, and another part may be eaten by mice. The seeds are sown in furrows about 2 cm deep. Then they are mulched with peat or humus. If the winter has little snow, the plantings can be covered with spruce branches.
Caring for autumn plantings in spring
In the spring, it is imperative to ensure that a soil crust does not form on the beds, which interferes with seedlings. It is also necessary to cover tender shoots from spring frosts with any covering material. It is advisable to feed the emerging shoots nitrogen fertilizers, in dosage - about 20 grams per m2.
The beetle is planted from December to February for the fall harvest. After harvesting, the cheese is aged in good condition for several months in a cool place. The plant needs well-drained soil rich in humus, but it can also grow in sandy soil.
Early cabbage is a frost-resistant plant. Seeds are planted in early spring. To grow, the plant needs light and warmth. In seedlings, plants should have a distance of 70 cm between them. Early cabbage has the advantage of having two harvests from the same plant. In the second harvest, the cabbage is smaller in size than the first harvest.
All the worries about growing your first greens will be worth it when you receive a tasty early harvest. Moreover, it will be three weeks earlier than with spring sowing.
What flowers are planted before winter?
Along with vegetable crops before winter, you can sow cold-resistant annual flowers, such as calendula, cosmos, alyssum, aster, gypsophila, godetia, matthiola, iberis, snapdragon, and gillyflower. They are also sown thickly, using twice as much seeds as when planting in the spring. The top of the planting is mulched with peat or humus.
A conservatory offers many benefits, representing a big plus for every home. Many people believe that this gardening practice should stop with the first signs of winter, but this is a completely unfounded belief. There are many ways passions can enjoy the wonders of gardening throughout the year, including using solar greenhouses, indoor plants, grown in various containers and agricultural plants that are not affected by low temperatures.
What gardening enthusiasts can do is take extra steps to protect plants and outdoor plants from potential frost damage. Gardening in winter is beneficial because those who grow their own herbs and vegetables can limit their expenses. During the winter months, supermarkets and fruit and vegetable markets sometimes tend to increase prices. Having your own fruit and vegetable garden can help you avoid wasting money. Another benefit of winter gardening is movement.
In spring, seedlings are thinned out if necessary. Sowing before winter usually produces vigorous shoots, which are less damaged by pests and diseases, and also more easily tolerate drought and cold weather.
From the first ten days of September to the twentieth of October, bulbous flowers are ready for planting: crocuses, tulips, daffodils, lilies, muscari, hyacinths, pushkinias, scylla.
Most people tend to "hibernate", staying indoors longer during the winter than during the summer seasons, and gardening is a good excuse to be active. Additional benefits also come from the product itself. Those who pick fruits and vegetables from their gardens during the winter months eat much more green and much healthier food. Consuming highly nutritious vegetables during the winter months can help prevent illness, improve the immune system, and keep the body at optimal levels. Winter gardening also offers emotional benefits as it helps enhance the beauty and flavor of the season.
In the fall, the following are ready for planting, replanting and propagation: peonies, delphiniums, primroses, irises, phlox, anemones.
In early to mid-September you can safely plant grafted roses. Before the cold weather, they will have time to take root and spend the winter well under cover.
And so that your plot has a well-structured and fertilized soil, it is good to sow green manure in the fall - white mustard, beans, rapeseed, rye.
For many, the beauty of spring and summer is the abundance of flowers, plants, vegetables and last but not least their flowers and perfumes. When the city is covered with snow and they feel very early in the evenings, some people become depressed. Adding flowers and herbs to your indoor environment stimulates the senses and helps improve your mood.
Most gardening enthusiasts, including in winter, also benefit from the fact that they can offer flowers or plants as gifts, which is a truly appreciated gesture. Therefore, there is no doubt that the benefits of winter gardening are among the most complex and rich.
Be sure to plant garlic!
At the end of September - beginning of October (when the average temperature is below +10°C), bulbs, cloves and single-claws are used. The garlic should take root, but not produce green shoots. But later plantings may suffer from frost. Never add manure to planting garlic, in order to avoid outbreaks of diseases and rotting of the root system. It is advisable to mulch the plantings with peat. In the spring, it is a good idea to feed the seedlings with nitrogen fertilizers and loosen the soil.
Plants for the winter garden
When choosing plants for your winter garden, there are several factors to consider. Since "winter strength" varies from one region to another, what may be suitable for a person's growth in winter may be a less inspiring choice for another. It may take a little science to determine which plants "perform best" in your conservatory, which will also depend on the conditions of the region in which you live. Those who use heated interior soils, called solar soils, have the freedom to grow absolutely anything they would normally plant.
What can you sow before winter, video
Autumn planting of seedlings
In early autumn, it is good to plant shrubs, fruit and ornamental trees on the site. Their seedlings are planted in late September or early October so that they have time to take root and gain strength for winter. If you are late with planting, then the root system will not have time to grow stronger and the seedlings will freeze.
The same applies to those who bring indoor conservatories because, using a variety of containers, you can grow almost any plant throughout the year. These include covers for raised planting beds, frames and other similar tricks that provide the plants with the frost protection they need. Document the categories of plants native to your area and select them accordingly. If you are using seasonal fill, such as covered raised beds, monitor the soil temperature to ensure it is not too cold for the plants.
Autumn is considered the best time to plant garden trees and shrubs. After dropping their leaves, they enter a period of rest, and this is the best time when the root system quickly adapts to its new place of residence. Saplings fruit trees you need to have time to plant a month before the onset of stable frosts.
What to plant in the garden in the fall
These are any trees that bear fruit well in your climate.
The benefit of winter gardening is that you don't have to deal with as many pests as you do in the summer months, but this varies from region to region. Some plants that do good house with winter gardens, include ornamental and aromatic herbs, ferns or various vegetables.
The biggest benefit of a conservatory is the consumption of healthy foods, nutrient-rich herbs and vegetables throughout the year. With indoor greens, you can extend your favorite season and enjoy fresh fruits and vegetables all year long. Consider growing tomatoes, spinach, cabbage, carrots, potatoes, parsley, rosemary in a winter garden.
- Pear
- Apple tree
- Plum
- Cherry
- Cherry plum
- Peach
- Apricot
- Cherries
Almost all ornamental shrubs can also be planted in autumn. Hawthorn needs to be planted early, somewhere in early September, due to its very developed root system.
- Honeysuckle
- Barberry
- Clematis
- Kalina
- Rowan
You can find dwarf trees of all varieties of fruit, offering you a range of vitamins during the cold winter months. Herbs are full of minerals and trace elements that are widely used for medicinal purposes. He who has a grass full of plants in the winter months is a wise man, because he often has the remedies for a whole series of diseases.
Tips for winter gardening
Newcomers to the field may feel a little intimidated when trying to maintain a garden over the winter. For "beginners" it would be better to start with house plants that have increased tolerance to the cold season, an indoor plant garden is good choice to capture this hobby.
Fruit and berry bushes also love autumn planting; red currants need to be planted first because of their love for the sun. If you plant raspberries in the fall, then the next summer you will get several berries from the bush and decide on the correct variety.
- Raspberries
- Black currant
- Gooseberry
- Blackberry
And although the garden in the fall is already full of things to do, and besides, this is the season for preserving food for the winter, I think many will want to “unload” their spring a little by sowing and planting at least some crops before winter. Sow at least minimally - onions, garlic, salad greens and you will definitely remember us with gratitude in early spring, when you see all this green beauty in the beds.
Green lettuce, peas, broccoli and many other cold weather vegetables can be good choices for beginners. New gardeners interested in growing vegetables should plant carrots and radishes, these two vegetables thrive and help each other when grown together.
Experienced people can start the winter gardening season with raised beds for growing pumpkins and gourds. Cauliflower is often considered a difficult vegetable to maintain, so its care should be left to a more experienced gardener to ensure thorough soil preparation and regular moisture. Only experienced gardeners should attempt to grow artichokes during the winter season. The artist does not like cold weather and needs to constantly monitor the temperature to give him a real chance of survival.
Have a good harvest!
We invite you to leave feedback in the comments about who plants what in their gardens before winter. My neighbor, for example, even manages to plant tomatoes before winter and in the spring her seedlings grow right in the ground.
Winter sowing has many advantages, but the most important thing is that seeds planted in the fall germinate three to four weeks earlier than those sown in the spring. In addition, hardened and more hardy plants develop from seeds that were planted in the soil during the cold period. They tolerate late spring frosts more easily, grow faster, and are more resistant to diseases. Plants grown from seedlings require less watering than plants because their roots go much deeper into the soil. Well, of course, it happens natural selection- survival of the fittest.
Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned pro, determine your local area and choose your plants accordingly. Plants growing in cool, cool conditions will reward you with better results for minimal effort.
A small guide to planting autumn and winter vegetables
The key to successful winter gardening is to know the average first frost date in the region where you live. You can then begin cultivating winter plants early enough to allow them to reach full maturity before frost sets in.
Elena Nikolaeva, diploma. agronomist
Another advantage of pre-winter sowing is that in the spring, as a rule, there are a lot of other worries on the site, and nature is constantly capricious: either it gets cold unexpectedly - it’s impossible to sow, or the sun gets hot, dries out the soil - and again it’s unfavorable for sowing. At the end of October there is much less hassle at the dacha, so during this period it’s time to sow everything so that in the spring, as soon as the snow melts, you can enjoy fresh herbs and vegetables.
Late crops - maturity about 90 days
Plant them before mid-July for fall harvest. Root: beets, carrots, parsnips, Swedish spinach, onion globe. Greens: Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, beans.
Seasonal crops - maturity about 60 days
Any of the above, but also: leeks, son, turmeric, black currants, perennial flowers and herbs, Swiss beets.Early maturing crops - maturity: approximately 30 days
Plant them from mid-September. Root: onions, onions, radishes. Greens: broccoli, green salad, spinach. Greenhouses, these glass roofs and walls, or combinations of glass with other transparent materials, create an artificial climate favorable for optimal growth and plant development conditions throughout the year, represent structures that provide a frost-free climate. There are probably as many greenhouse designs as there are gardeners, as the imagination is limitless. Unheated greenhouses are very good for growing root vegetables or leafy vegetables.
Soil preparation
It is necessary to prepare the soil for sowing in September-early October, while it is warm: dig up or, better yet, loosen the soil, removing all rhizomes of weeds, larvae of chafer beetles and click beetles or wireworms, add humus or compost, 3-4 cups of wood ash per 1 sq. meter, 300-400 g of lime per square meter, if the soil is acidic, and then level the soil with a rake. Before frost, the soil is leveled again and the furrows are made 1.5-2 cm deeper than in the spring. The crops are covered with a thin layer of sand and then with soil. The beds must be mulched with straw, peat or humus. With the onset of frost, they are covered with spruce branches, and in the spring, when shoots appear, with covering materials or film.
ADVICE:
Most effective method get an early harvest - winter sowing to warm ridges. To do this, dig a ditch up to 1 m wide and up to 50 cm deep. Thick-stemmed plants are placed on the bottom: sunflowers, tomato tops, then grass or vegetable stems, which must be watered with mullein and a solution of the microbiological preparation “Baikal EM1” to destroy pathogenic microorganisms, and on top cover with a layer of fertile soil 10-25 cm thick along with rotted compost. In early spring, the bed is covered with film to quickly warm up the soil.
Sowing rules
Place and time. The place for sowing is chosen where there are large snowdrifts in winter and the ground does not freeze. It should be located on a hill and warm up quickly in the spring. You cannot sow in lowlands - in the spring they are flooded with melt water and do not dry out for a long time - excess moisture will rot the seeds. The site should also be sunny and protected from the wind as much as possible. The most suitable soil is not only fertile, but also loose. To do this, sand is added to heavy clay soils.
When to sow?
Not an easy question. If you hurry, the seeds will germinate in the fall and the seedlings will die with the first cold weather. If you miss the deadline, frosts will disrupt all plans. Start sowing no earlier than the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm is within 2-4 degrees Celsius. Usually this time coincides with the beginning of morning frosts in early November, this can be easily checked with a thermometer. If the frozen holes are covered with the first snow, sweep it away with a broom. After this, sow completely dry seeds (no soaking, germination, bubbling!) along the furrows and sprinkle with a 1.5-2 cm layer of soil, peat or compost. The soil for filling the furrows is prepared in advance; it should be dry and free-flowing. No need to water!
- The general rule for successful winter sowing is: place dry seed in a dry furrow and cover with dry soil. Then the seed will overwinter well in relative warmth and in the spring, along with the awakening of the earth, it will begin to grow and delight you with the earliest harvest.
- You should not sow a crop after the same crop. For carrots, set aside areas for cabbage, potatoes, and onions; for onions - from under cabbage, cucumber, potatoes, zucchini; good predecessors for beets are carrots, potatoes, onions, and cucumbers.
- For all vegetables, the sowing depth is determined individually. The rate of autumn seed sowing, compared to spring, is increased by at least 30-40%, since some of them may not germinate due to unfavorable weather conditions.
- The bed can be covered with boards or roofing felt, then work surface it is easy to free even from under the snow, which makes it possible to carry out pre-winter sowing even in December.
- It is better to sow seeds of even frost-resistant crops with additional peat or humus, a layer of 3 to 10 cm. Excess mulch is raked in the spring to speed up the warming of the soil.
The most common crops for autumn sowing - planting
Pre-winter crops can be divided into three options, based on the guarantee of obtaining a positive result.
First option Let's call it stable. This is sorrel, rhubarb, different kinds perennial onions (onion, slime, allspice, chives), Katran, winter garlic and spices, such as water and peppermint, lemon balm and catnip, oregano, borage, caraway, spinach, parsnip.
Second option winter crops will be called medium stable. The option for medium-stable crops provides for an increase in the rate of seed consumption by 30-50%, taking into account winter attacks. For such crops, varieties are used that are specially designed for winter sowing, or, if there are none, then early ripening ones are preferred. Before winter you can sow carrots, non-shooting varieties of beets and radishes, dill, parsley, salads, Chinese cabbage and kohlrabi, celery, salad mustard, oat root, black root
Third option Let's call winter crops risky. This is the sowing of heat-loving crops before winter physalis, sunflower and corn, planting onion sets, potatoes and sowing tomatoes before winter. To ensure success, a number of additional protective measures are performed. By the way, physalis can be sown without waiting for cold weather - it will not wake up until spring.
Onion sets And potato They are planted in furrows filled with a mixture of chopped straw and humus, the top of the planting is covered with earth, and the potatoes are additionally insulated with a layer of straw or leaves. To avoid getting wet, potato and onion plantings are covered with pieces of old film along the furrows. Arches have been installed over risky plantings since the fall, so that in the spring, immediately after the snow melts, additional mulch can be removed and a film stretched over the beds in one or two layers. The risky option is a rather interesting experiment, and sometimes its result exceeds all expectations. The main thing here is that another disappointment does not discourage you from experimenting.
Garlic. This perennial, frost-resistant, but demanding soil moisture and fertility crop does not tolerate close standing. groundwater and does not like shading. Winter garlic is traditionally planted earlier than other plants, in September-October 2-3 weeks before frost, but garlic planted in already frozen ground develops well. The soil for planting is prepared in August; for this, it is fertilized with well-ripened compost at the rate of 6-8 kg per 1 sq. m. m. If the soil is not prepared in advance, before planting it is necessary to add ash, which at the same time replaces potash fertilizers. It is very good to plant garlic after the plants under which organic fertilizers, but not after potatoes and onions. The main thing is that the seeds or cloves of garlic during winter sowing only swell, but do not germinate. The largest garlic cloves are placed at a depth of 5-7 cm.
Carrot. For carrots, choose an area protected from the wind with fertile or moderately fertile soil. Heavy, humus-poor, acidic soils are not suitable for this purpose. In areas with excess moisture or with a soil layer 10-15 cm thick, carrots are grown on raised beds. Tillage begins in early autumn. The soil is cultivated to a depth of 25-30 cm with the addition of rotted compost in the amount of 3-4 kg per 1 sq. m. m. You can fertilize the soil with compost or peat. It is not recommended to use fresh manure: when such fertilizer is applied, root crops become ugly branched and woody. The seeds are sown in prepared grooves and lightly (0.5-1 cm layer) covered with soil, and peat or humus is placed on top with a 3-4 cm layer. By sowing carrots before winter, you will protect the crop from the first summer of carrot flies in the next season.
Carrot varieties for winter sowing: Vitaminnaya, Nantes, Shantane 14, Shantane 2461, Karotel.
Onion. This plant requires slightly alkaline or neutral soil, free from weeds. The turnip sets are placed in grooves 5 cm deep at a distance of 15 cm from each other. When planting on a “feather”, the distance between the bulbs should be 2-3 cm.
Onion varieties for winter sowing: Stuttgarten Risen, Carmen, Strigunovsky.
Beet. Before sowing, the soil is dug up to a depth of 27-30 cm. To obtain a very early harvest, the seeds are sown in October - November, while the planting depth is up to 2 cm, and the distance between seeds is 8-10 cm. Beets can be grown in areas that are or two were not fertilized with organic matter. But such soil must be fertilized with complex mineral fertilizers. If there are few microelements in the soil, root crops are poorly preserved, and due to a lack of boron, they can be affected by gray rot. In the fall, it is rational to add ash, and in the spring, organo-mineral fertilizer “Giant”.
Beet varieties for winter sowing: Polar flat, Cold-resistant-19, Podzimnyaya, Northern ball.
Parsley. The basic tillage work is similar to that of carrots. The seeds are not planted deeply - 1-1.5 cm. If parsley is sown in an area where organic fertilizers have not been applied, in the fall the soil should be fertilized with humus or compost at the rate of 3-5 kg per 1 sq. m. m, wood ash.
Varieties head lettuce for winter sowing: Berlin yellow, Large cabbage.
Spinach No frost is scary at all. The plant is so hardy that sometimes it overwinters and produces fresh greens right from under the snow. Winter sowing works well coriander. Its seedlings can withstand frosts down to -8-10 °C.
Autumn - best time for sowing seeds whose shelf life ends this year, and those whose quality is in doubt.
If you have a greenhouse, you can sow mid-season varieties for seedlings in it before winter white cabbage, celery, leek, dill, lettuce.
Extremes among flowers
Seeds of summer Adonis, ageratum, annual alyssum, annual aster, calendula, godetia, helichrysum, cornflower, graceful gypsophila, clarkia, cosmos, lavatera, lakfiol, matiola, Ajax delphinium, iberis, three-month lavatera, gillyflower bicorne, and lion's grass are well suited for pre-winter sowing. pharynx, nigella damascus, poppy, fragrant tobacco, Turkish cloves, annual chrysanthemum, eschscholzia. The seeds of kochia, ageratum, cosmos, and echinacea germinate well. Winter sowing of lupine, pyrethrum hybrid, and rudbeckia gives excellent results.
For most perennials, sowing before winter is a natural stratification that is so necessary for them. And it’s true: why keep the seeds of lavender, primrose, aquilegia, doronicum, bluebells, lychnis, lupine, aubrietta, arabis, yarrow, delphinium in the refrigerator all winter? Sow!
For adonis, aconite, corydalis, hellebore, liverwort, lumbago, sanguinaria, winter sowing is practically the only way to preserve seeds, which under normal conditions very quickly lose their viability.
It is more convenient to grow flowers for seedlings in a greenhouse (not necessarily glass or film), but simply by covering the soil from frost with boards or roofing felt. When the real cold sets in in November, it’s time to get started: remove the cover, make furrows. To fill the furrows, use unfrozen soil stored in advance, stored in a warm place. It is wise to mark the sown seeds with signs with the names of the plants and their varieties. If it is not possible to put up signs, then you can draw a diagram in your garden diary indicating where, what and when it was sown. The bed is again covered with a board or sheet of roofing material, then covered with snow. The main thing is that early in the spring, as soon as thawed patches appear in this place, remove the cover and make a film frame. As a result, you will get early, and most importantly, healthy seedlings. Many years of experience have shown that asters sown in winter grow bushier, stronger, bloom profusely and do not suffer from fusarium.
In the case when you have already planned out the flower garden, it is best to sow the flowers directly into the flower bed, in a permanent place. In the spring, as soon as the snow melts, install metal arcs over the bed and stretch the film.
It makes no sense to sow heat-loving flowers in the fall - marigolds, zinnia, salvia. We'll put them off until spring.
Let's sow medicine and lawn!
Before winter you can sow and plant many medicinal herbs. And first of all peppermint. It propagates quite easily by rhizomes. It is enough to break off a small root and lay it horizontally to a depth of 3-4 cm. Divide and plant the bushes lemon balm. Don't forget about valerian officinalis, St. John's wort, chamomile, sage, monarda, rue, string. Their seeds are small, so do not bury them, but scatter them over the surface of the soil and cover with a 1.5-centimeter layer of peat. It's not too late to land rhizomes of Rhodiola rosea, elecampane, string, lovage, peony or marina root.
A lawn sown before winter turns out well. To prevent small lawn grass seeds from being washed away by autumn and spring rains melt water, the soil surface after sowing should not only be rolled with a roller, but also sprinkled with a 1-1.5 cm layer of soil. The moisture reserve will allow the grass to quickly develop with the onset of spring warmth, while due to the condition of the soil it will be too early to begin preparing the site for spring sowing. Consequently, the lawn will form earlier.
Those who didn't have time are not late
Didn't have time to sow your favorite crops before the snow? Dont be upset.
After stable cold weather sets in, pack the seed packets in a linen bag and bury them in the ground about the depth of a spade. At the end of winter, remove and dry slightly (at room temperature) and plant the already stratified ones at the usual time for the culture. You can “freeze” the seeds of parsley, carrots, parsnips, celery, dill, cilantro, fennel, cumin, lovage, katran, nigella of all types of onions (turnips, trumpets, leeks, allspice, garden onions). And even tomatoes. Surprised? Give it a try. There will be less late blight next year. But cabbage, lemon balm, savory, thyme, basil, cucumber, pumpkin, squash, zucchini, beans, peas, beans, all kinds of salads, chard and beets do not need such a procedure.