The division began formation on December 15, 1941 in the city of Tomsk as 443 rifle division. The 1047th Infantry Regiment was formed from conscripts from Tomsk and areas now belonging to the Tomsk region, as well as the Novosibirsk and Kemerovo regions. The regiment included soldiers returning from hospitals who already had combat experience, and young officers - graduates of the Belotserkovsky Military Infantry and Tomsk Artillery Schools, located in Tomsk. During its formation in January 1942, it was renamed the 284th Infantry Division.
The division's fighters underwent serious training: field tactical exercises, forced marches, live firing, and studied the experience of fighting near Moscow. The formation and training of personnel was completed by mid-March 1942, and on March 16, trains with division units went to the front. The team of workers of the Tomsk Electromechanical Plant, seeing off the division to the front, presented the division commander with a banner and gave the order: “Bring it to Berlin.”
In early April 1942, units of the division unloaded from the trains 15-20 kilometers southwest of the city of Yelets, Lipetsk Region, where they fully received the missing weapons and equipment and continued combat training.
From April 16 to May 18, 1942, the division as part of the Bryansk Front occupied defense at the line: mark 215.3 - western slopes of an unnamed height - western outskirts of the village of Melevoe - height 242.8 - western slopes of height 236 (these landmarks are located in the border strip between modern Verkhovsky and Pokrovsky districts of the Oryol region.
At the end of May 1942, the division was transferred to the area of the workers' village of Kastornaya in the east of the Kursk region and became part of the 40th Army of the Bryansk Front. In the area of the Kastornaya station, the 284th Infantry Division began building an anti-tank defense. On the eastern bank of the Olym River, with the help of the local population, trenches, communication passages and shelters for equipment were opened in full view. Wood-earth bunkers were also built. Anti-tank guns were placed at the front line of defense. Within a week, a strong anti-tank defense was created.
At the end of June 1942, the Germans, having broken through the front of the Red Army troops, began an offensive to the east, towards the city of Voronezh. On July 1, 1942, the 284th Infantry Division as part of the Bryansk Front took on the first battle with advanced German units in the area of the village of Yegoryevka, six kilometers west of Kastornaya. Having broken through the defenses, the enemy advanced 3-4 kilometers, but, having lost 72 tanks and 800 soldiers and officers on the battlefield, retreated to their original positions. On the morning of July 3, 1942, more than 35 German planes attacked Kastornaya. An hour later the village was destroyed and engulfed in flames. Enemy planes also bombed the regiment's battle formations. After such treatment, the enemy infantry again launched an attack, which was repulsed. It even came to a bayonet fight. Tank attacks did not stop either. For 5 days the division resisted the pressure of enemy tank and mechanized units supported by aviation. Contact with the 40th Army was lost, the division was surrounded, ammunition and food were running out, and losses were high. On the night of July 6-7, 1942, leaving a combat barrier in their positions, the division regiments, by order of the command, broke through the encirclement and went north to the location of the 8th Cavalry Corps. Although the division suffered losses, it remained in combat-ready condition. This was one of the rare cases in the early years of the war when a division emerged from encirclement undefeated, retaining its heavy weapons. In the battles near Kastornaya, the enemy lost more than 8 thousand soldiers and officers, more than 160 tanks and 16 aircraft.
After a short rest, the division, as part of the troops of the Bryansk Front, entered the battle at the Perekopovka-Ozerki line, 80 kilometers from Voronezh, and again its soldiers showed examples of heroism and military training. On August 2, 1942, the 284th Infantry Division was withdrawn to reserve to the city of Krasnoufimsk, Sverdlovsk Region, for rest and replenishment. It included 2,500 career sailors of the Pacific Fleet, graduates of military schools of the Ural Military District and personnel called up from the reserves of the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Perm regions.
September 17, 1942, based on the order of the USSR NGO and directive General Staff Red Army No. 42/64 - the division is urgently transferred by a combined march to the Srednyaya Akhtuba region of the Stalingrad region and joins the 62 (from April 1943 - 8 Guards) Army of the South-Eastern Front, concentrating in the forests in the Zarya region, Krasnaya Sloboda, Burkovsky farm .
By order No. 125 of the commander of the South-Eastern Front, on the night of September 20-21, 1942, the division began to cross the Volga River, concentrating in the area of the Red October plant and further south on the left bank of the Volga. On the night of September 22, 1942, all units and divisions of the division crossed the Volga River. During the crossing of the Volga River, parts of the division were subjected to fierce air bombardment and artillery and mortar fire from the enemy.
From September 22 to 28, 1942, the division fought offensive battles, breaking the fierce resistance of the enemy. On September 22, 1942, the 1045th and 1047th Marines advance along the banks of the Volga River, with the task of turning the front to the west and taking possession of the line: the railway station opposite Gogol Street (Stalingrad), on the left having a railway bridge across the Tsarina River. As a result of fierce fighting throughout the day, units of the division occupied the following lines: 1045 rifle regiments - Krutoy ravine, 1047 rifle regiments - the northern spur of the Dolgiy ravine. In this battle, more than 600 enemy soldiers and officers were destroyed, 8 tanks were destroyed, and two machine guns were captured. Units of the division maintained a tough defense on occupied lines, often launching counterattacks against the enemy advancing on Stalingrad.
On November 11, 1942, the enemy launched the third and final assault on the city of Stalingrad. At dawn, the positions of the 284th Infantry Division began to be attacked by enemy aircraft, then by artillery, after which the infantry went on the attack. The Nazis especially persistently attacked the area of the Barrikady and Red October factories. In the southern part of the Barricades plant, a unit of German machine gunners on a 500-meter strip even reached the banks of the Volga, but the next day the soldiers of the 1045th Infantry Regiment, with the help of a rifle company from the 95th Infantry Division, knocked out the enemy from the captured area.
On November 19, 1942, after powerful artillery preparation, the troops of the Southwestern, and the next day, the Stalingrad fronts launched a counteroffensive with the aim of encircling and defeating the 6th German Army. The offensive developed successfully, and on November 23, 1942, the troops of the fronts united in the area of the city of Kalach, thus encircling German troops in the Stalingrad area.
Taking advantage of the fact that the German command had weakened the pressure on Stalingrad, transferring some troops to the west of the city, formations of the 62nd Army also went on the offensive. The 284th Infantry Division directed its main attack towards the complete capture of Mamayev Kurgan. The division's soldiers advanced through heavy fighting. Sometimes the advance per day was only 100-150 meters. The enemy desperately resisted. Sometimes the same trench changed hands several times. The battles for Mamayev Kurgan continued for a long time, and only in mid-January 1943 did units of the division completely clear it of the enemy.
On January 26, 1943, soldiers of the 284th Rifle Division united on the western slopes of the mound with units of the 51st Guards Rifle Division, advancing from the west. On February 2, 1943, the encircled northern group of fascist troops capitulated, and the Battle of Stalingrad ended. Brutal and bloody battles lasted 137 days and nights. The Siberian warriors did the impossible - they stopped the enemy. Here, near Stalingrad, they took their main battle, proving the truth of the words of the famous division sniper from the 1047th Infantry Regiment, former Pacific sailor Chief Petty Officer V.G. Zaitseva: “There is no land for us beyond the Volga!” By the end Battle of Stalingrad on his combat account there were 242 destroyed enemy soldiers and officers. To fight our snipers, the Germans even called their best SS sniper Heinz Thorwald from Berlin. But he was also destroyed by Chief Petty Officer V.G. Zaitsev. In February 1943, V. G. Zaitsev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. With their feat, their lives, the Siberian warriors deserved the assessment given by Marshal V.I. Chuikov: “The Siberians were the soul of the battle for Mamayev Kurgan, for Stalingrad.” By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of February 9, 1943, the 284th Infantry Division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
For military merits, on March 1, 1943, the 284th Red Banner Rifle Division was reorganized into the 79th Guards Red Banner Rifle Division.
New numbering of division units was assigned on 5.4.43: the 1047th Rifle Regiment was transformed into the 227th Guards Rifle Regiment.
The 62nd Army in full force was withdrawn to the rear for reorganization and replenishment. Army units received new weapons and equipment. Participants in the Battle of Stalingrad passed on their combat experience to the new recruits.
On April 16, 1943, the 62nd Army was transformed into the 8th Guards Army. At this time, by order of the Supreme High Command Headquarters, it became part of the Southwestern Front and occupied the defense line along the left bank of the Seversky Donets River near the city of Izyum, Kharkov region.
In the period from July 17 to July 27, 1943, troops of the Southwestern Front conducted the Izyum-Barvenkovsky operation. The goal was to shackle her, and when favorable conditions and defeat the enemy group in the Donbass and prevent the transfer of its forces to the Kursk Bulge area.
After powerful artillery and aviation training, troops 8 Guards Army crossed the Seversky Donets, captured bridgeheads on its right bank and wedged themselves into enemy defenses to a depth of 5 kilometers. On the second day, to complete the breakthrough, the tank and mechanized corps began to be introduced into battle in parts. However, by this time the German command had brought up its reserves - three tank divisions. Attempts to complete the breakthrough of the enemy's tactical defense were unsuccessful. The 8th Guards Army, having captured two bridgeheads in the first days, by July 27, 1943, during stubborn battles, was able to unite them into a common one - along a front of 25 kilometers and to a depth of 2-5 kilometers. Despite the fact that the enemy’s defenses were not completely broken through, by their actions the front armies pinned down the enemy’s reserves, thereby assisting the troops of the Voronezh Front in carrying out defensive operation near Kursk. Units of the 79th Guards Rifle Division crossed the Seversky Donets in the area of Gola Dolina and the village of Bogorodichnoye, Slavyansk district, Donetsk region, overcoming fierce enemy resistance. The division's fighters were opposed by the SS "Totenkopf" tank division and penal battalions. On July 28, 1943, the division lost its commander - the heart of Major General N.F. could not withstand the stress of heavy fighting. Father. The division was taken over by Colonel L.I. Vagin and commanded it until the end of the war.
The fighting on the Seversky Donets, especially in Gola Dolina, became protracted and bloody. Eight times the village of Golaya Dolina (now the village of Dolina, Slavyansky district, Donetsk region) changed hands.
On August 10, 1943, the 8th Guards Army began to be withdrawn to the second echelon of the front for replenishment and replenishment.
In the Donbass offensive operation, troops of the 8th Guards Army on August 22, 1943 broke through the enemy’s defenses from a bridgehead on the right bank of the Seversky Donets River near Dolgenky and Mazanovka south of the city of Izyum, which they recaptured from the enemy a month ago, but the 1st Mechanized Corps was not yet ready to enter the breakthrough , only moving to the starting positions. Meanwhile, the Germans launched counterattacks and the breakthrough was eliminated. The 8th Guards Army went on the offensive again to clear the way for the tanks - but this failed a second time. Nevertheless, the bloody meat grinder 30 km north of Slavyansk, on the way from Donets to Barvenkovo, still forced the Germans to weaken their defenses near Kharkov - in order to delay the loss of the entire Donbass. On August 23, 1943, Kharkov was liberated.
The offensive launched on September 3, 1943 by the 6th and 8th Guards armies, due to the strong fire saturation of the enemy’s defense and the use of tanks in defense, was not successful. However, Hitler's decision to withdraw troops from Donbass came into force and Soviet troops began parallel pursuit by all armies of the Southwestern Front. The Germans retreated in an organized manner, stubbornly defending the intermediate lines. The enemy, under pressure from the advancing fronts, was forced to retreat to the west, hoping to stop the advance of the Red Army troops on the eastern rampart, which was built on the left bank of the Dnieper River. During the retreat, the enemy turned the abandoned territory into a desert zone, destroying roads, bridges, all buildings, and taking local residents with them. On September 22, 1943, the advancing troops approached Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye and Melitopol, completely liberating Donbass and most of the northern coast of the Sea of Azov.
The 8th Guards Army replaced the formations of the 3rd Guards and 12th Armies on the outer contour of the enemy defense of the city of Zaporozhye along the line Volnaya - Krinichnoye - Yantsevo station - the eastern outskirts of Druzhelyubovka - Novostepnyanskoye. The headquarters of the formations began to develop plans for a further offensive.
At dawn on October 1, 1943, powerful artillery preparation began in a breakthrough area 25 kilometers wide, under the cover of which the infantry rose to attack, but strong enemy fire from the depths of its defense several times forced the attackers to stop and dig in, and sometimes retreat almost to starting positions. The first days of the offensive did not bring success.
The offensive of the 8th Guards Army troops was suspended for the purpose of additional reconnaissance of the enemy's defense fire system. The offensive resumed on October 10, 1943. Fierce battles for the city continued for four days, and only on October 14, 1943, guardsmen of the 79th Guards Infantry Division, together with other formations of the 8th Guards Army of the Southwestern Front, liberated the city of Zaporozhye. For the courage shown in the battles to liberate the city, the 79th Guards Red Banner Rifle Division was given the honorary name Zaporozhye.
On October 20, 1943, the Southwestern Front was transformed into the 3rd Ukrainian Front.
On October 22, 1943, the compounds of the 8th Guards Army, by order of the command of the 3 of the Ukrainian Front, concentrated south of Dnepropetrovsk, crossed the Dnieper River, and October 25, 79, 79 Guards Rifle Red Banner Division of the 28th Guards Rifle Corps 8 of the Guards Army, jointly with the 152th Rifle Division of the 46th Army, liberated the city of Dnepropetrovsk from German from German invaders.
The front command set the 8th Guards Army the task of attacking the regional center of the Dnepropetrovsk region - the city of Apostolovo. On November 15, 1943, the army began to advance to the left railway Dnepropetrovsk - Apostolovo. The first days of the offensive were very difficult. The Germans launched tanks into counterattacks, and our infantry had only anti-tank rifles and horse-drawn field artillery to fight them. During the six days of the offensive, the army troops advanced only 10 kilometers into the depth of the enemy’s extensive defenses. The settlements of the Solonyansky district of the Dnepropetrovsk region Natalino, Nezabudino, Kategorinovka and others were liberated.
A certain turning point was evident by November 20, 1943. Tanks from the 23rd Tank Corps began to arrive to help the troops of the 8th Guards Army, but there were too few of them. By this time, the corps had only 17 tanks and 8 self-propelled artillery units. The companies in the rifle regiments also thinned out. There were 20-30 people in them. The tension was also aggravated by the weather conditions. At the end of the year in Southern Ukraine there are always long rains, often with sleet. The dirt roads along which the troops moved were so bad that sometimes the tanks sat on the bottom and could not move without assistance.
On November 27, 1943, the offensive continued with the support of a tank corps, and during that day the troops advanced 10-12 kilometers, liberating the villages of Propashnoye, Alexandropol, and Petrakovka. On December 10, 1943, army formations captured the large settlements of Chumaki, Tomkovka, Lebedinskoye in the Nikopol district of the Dnepropetrovsk region, but were unable to advance further. The enemy desperately resisted, holding the manganese mines.
Despite very bad weather and complete mud, the offensive resumed on January 10, 1944, but developed slowly.
During the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog offensive operation (January 30 - February 29, 1944), the 79th Guards Rifle Zaporozhye Red Banner Division, as part of the 28th Guards Rifle Corps of the 8th Guards Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, in early February 1944, together with other army formations, liberated the village of Sholokhovo, Nikopol region, thus creating a threat of encirclement of the Nikopol group of fascist troops. The German command began to withdraw its troops from the area, which allowed Soviet troops to liberate the city of Marganets on February 5, and the city of Nikopol on February 8, 1944. Developing an offensive to the southwest from Apostolovo, formations of the 8th Guards Army by February 29, 1944 reached the left bank of the Ingulets River in the area of the villages of Novokurskaya and Shesternya. On March 3, 1944, army troops crossed the Ingulets River and captured a bridgehead on its right bank. From this bridgehead, the 8th Guards Army, having broken through the enemy’s defenses on March 6, developed an offensive towards the city of Nikolaev. The 79th Guards Rifle Zaporozhye Red Banner Division, which distinguished itself in battles between the Ingulets and Southern Bug rivers, was awarded the Order of Suvorov, II degree, on March 19, 1944. Repelling fierce enemy counterattacks, the 79th Guards Rifle Division and the entire 8th Guards Army crossed the Southern Bug River on March 25, 1944 near the city of New Odessa north of Nikolaev and launched an offensive towards Odessa.
Pursuing the retreating enemy, troops of the 8th Guards Army on March 31, 1944 reached the Tiligul estuary and crossed it. Continuing the offensive, army formations approached the western outskirts on April 9, 1944 and the next day captured the city of Odessa with a decisive assault. Arriving on April 13, 1944 in the Ovidiopol area, army troops took up defensive positions along the northern coast of the Dniester estuary. For participation in the liberation of the city of Odessa, the 79th Guards Rifle Zaporozhye Red Banner Order of Suvorov II degree division was awarded the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree on April 20, 1944.
On June 5, 1944, the 8th Guards Army was withdrawn to the reserve of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, and then the 79th Guards Rifle Zaporozhye Red Banner Order of Suvorov II degree and Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree division, consisting of the 28th Guards Rifle Corps of the 8th Guards Army, was transferred to the 1st Belorussian Front in the area to the west the city of Kovel, Volyn region.
In the Lublin-Brest offensive operation that began on July 18, 1944, units of the division successfully crossed the Western Bug River, entered Polish territory and, in cooperation with other army units, liberated the city of Lublin on July 24, 1944. The Siberian guards acted skillfully and decisively when crossing a large water barrier - the Vistula River in the Magnushev area. Having captured the bridgehead, they fought defensive battles on it for six months, successfully repelling all attacks by enemy troops. For the courage shown during the crossing of the Vistula, ten soldiers of the division were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
On January 14, 1945, the 79th Guards Rifle Division from the Magnuszew bridgehead took part in the Warsaw-Poznan offensive operation in the direction of Lodz-Schwerin.
On January 30, 1945, at 10 a.m., the advance detachment of the 2nd Guards Rifle Battalion of the 220th Guards Rifle Regiment was the first to cross the German border, and on February 2, 1945, continuing the offensive, units of the division crossed the Oder River on the move and fought fierce battles to expand the bridgehead on its left bank south of the city of Kustrina (Kostrzyn, Poland).
Since April 16, 1945, the division's soldiers fought bravely and courageously in the Berlin offensive operation. The division broke through the enemy's deep layered defense within one day. The pursuit of the retreating enemy proceeded quickly and in an organized manner. Having broken the fierce enemy resistance on the Seelow Heights and other defensive lines, its units came close to Berlin on April 23, 1945 and took part in the assault on the German capital until May 2, 1945.
Street fighting was fierce. Capturing the Temnelgorf airfield, Tiergarten park, and participating in the assault on the government quarters of the German capital, the division's soldiers made their worthy contribution to the defeat of the Berlin group.
On May 9, 1945, the 79th Guards Rifle Zaporozhye Order of Lenin Red Banner Order of Suvorov II degree and Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree division accepted the surrender of the 56th Tank Corps of the Nazis on the Potsdam Bridge.
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On June 22, 1941 The division was located in the HVO in the Svyatogorsk camp. It was formed from residents of the northern part of Donbass, as well as residents of the Kharkov region (Izyum and Chuguev regiments). It was subordinate to the Kharkov Military District (KhVO). The 777th Infantry Regiment (about 4 thousand people), which was part of the 227th Infantry Division, consisted entirely of residents of Slavyansk. Here, at the beginning of the war, the division carried out mobilization.
On July 1, on the instructions of the Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army G.K. Zhukov's division, heading to Shepetovka, was redirected to Zhmerinka, southwest of Vinnitsa, and included in the Southern Front.
From July 7, the division was unloaded at the Bar station (30 km east of Zhmerinka), but already on July 9, an order was received to transfer the division to the Kanev area to the location of the Southwestern Front.
On July 7, the German 1Tgr broke through the line of fortified areas on the old border and captured Berdichev and Zhitomir. On July 12, the enemy launched an offensive from Zhitomir in the eastern and southeastern direction and on July 16 captured Bila Tserkva. On July 15, the command of the 26th Army of the Southwestern Front was withdrawn to the Kanev area and the troops operating in this area were subordinated to it. On July 19, 26, the army launched a counteroffensive in the direction of Fastov and Bila Tserkva. The 227th Rifle Division, together with other reserve divisions transferred from the southern front, had only been unloaded in the Kanev-Korsun Shevchenkovsky area since July 19.
July 19 227 Infantry Division after unloading, concentrate in the Guli, Boguslav, Olkhovets district, having one joint venture in the southwest. env. forests in. Boguslav.
On July 23, 1941, the 227th and 196th SD received orders to advance to the Tarashcha-Medvin front, where units of the 5th KK fought with the SS motorized division "Viking". On July 24, the division advanced on Tarashcha, but as a result of a sudden enemy night attack, Dubnitsy withdrew.
The documents provide disappointing information about the combat effectiveness of the unfired division: One joint venture of the 227th SD is occupied by Boguslav, the rest of the units are putting themselves in order. The enemy operating at Tarashch transferred his main efforts against units of the 199th and 227th, which turned out to be extremely unstable. The latter fled yesterday evening from the attack of one battalion of tanks. Today two regiments spent the whole day collecting and putting it in order.
From July 25, the division fought in the Boguslav area, and by July 28 it retreated to the Yakhny-Olkhovets-Moskalenki line. Until the beginning of August fighting in the Taganch area (north of Korsun Shevchenkovsky) on the Kanevsky bridgehead.
On August 8, the 26th Army launched a counteroffensive in the direction of Boguslav. It was also planned to attack north in the direction of the Rzhishchev bridgehead. On these days, the 6th German Army stormed the KIUR and the offensive from the Kanev bridgehead in a northern direction to connect with the Rzhishchev bridgehead was supposed to distract the German command from Kyiv.
8 August 26 A has the task, having covered itself from the southwest and the reserve with the defense of the left wing units, in the morning of 9.8.41 with the main forces (5 kk, 12 td, 227 and 159 df) to strike in the direction of Andreevka, Potok, Rzhishchev metro station with the aim of encircling and destruction of the enemy in the area (claim) of Rzhishchev, Potok, Bobritsa, Khodorov with the subsequent task, together with the troops of the Kyiv Urgent District, to destroy the enemy in the area of the north-west. m. Rzhishchev.
On August 10, the strike group launched an offensive in the direction of Rzhishchev. The 227th Infantry Division attacked in the direction of Kovali, Kurilovka. During August 10-12, units of the division unsuccessfully tried to break through the enemy's defenses. At noon on August 13, the Nazis, having brought up reserves, after strong artillery bombardment, launched an attack on Litvinets and Kovali. The division could not withstand the enemy's onslaught and began to retreat south. At the same time, up to two German infantry battalions, supported by artillery and mortar fire, attacked the 584th Infantry Division of the 199th Infantry Division from the forest south of Maslovka. On August 14, the offensive was stopped, and on August 15, it was decided to leave the Kanevsky bridgehead and withdraw army units beyond the Dnieper. On August 16, the crossing was completed.
From August 16 to early September, the 227th SD defended the bank of the Dnieper and improved its defense in engineering terms. On September 3, due to the threatening situation in the area of the breakthrough from the north of Guderian's 2nd Panzer Group, the division was loaded into echelons and sent to the Konotop area as a front reserve.
On September 6, Guderian's tank divisions crossed the northern Seim. Konotop. At this time, the 227th Infantry Division unloaded from the echelons and was brought into battle together with the 3rd Airborne Division and the 10th Division. From 9.09 the 227th SD with two anti-tank artillery units advances in the direction of Vyrovka, Popovka. By the end of 9.9, the 227th SD held Konotop with a front to the west.
On September 10, units of the 3rd Division made a breakthrough from the Konotop area in a southern direction. Until September 18, gradually pushing back to the southeast, the 227th Infantry Division and the remnants of the 2nd and 3rd Airborne Division operated in the area south of Konotop. On September 13, the 227th Infantry Division numbered no more than 1,650 people, 23 guns and 738 RGK units defended the Bondari, Berezhnaya line.
On September 15, the ring around the main forces of the Southwestern Front closed. The division found itself on the outer front of the encirclement as part of the 40A remnant of the Southwestern Front. Until September 26, German troops did not undertake active offensive actions on the army front, busy defeating the encircled front and regrouping troops. The 40th Army operated on the Tetkino-Vorozhba-Olshana front. Due to the lack of reserves at the front and due to the start of the German offensive on Moscow, the 40th Army, due to the superiority of the enemy in forces, could only conduct holding battles. On October 8, 1941, army units withdrew at the Sudzha-Zamosc-Makhnovka line. On October 9, units of the 227th Rifle Division took part in a counterattack near Sumy against the 75th Wehrmacht Infantry Division. On October 15, units of the division fought in the Slavgorodok area. But soon they continued their further retreat to the east - through Oboyan, Solntsevo to Tim and Skorodny.
At the beginning of January 1942 The division took part in the offensive of the 21st Army towards Oboyan. The operation began on January 1 from the Rzhava Plota, Vikhrovka line. By January 3, the right-flank 169th Rifle Division captured the village of Kuliga, 4 kilometers north of Oboyan, and began to bypass the city from the northwest. At the same time, the 227th Rifle Division blocked the Nazi garrison in Nizhnyaya Olshanka and partially advanced to the Psel River line. One of its battalions cut the Belgorod-Oboyan-Kursk highway in the Zorskie Dvory area, but the main forces of the division, like the rest of the formations of the 21st Army, were constrained by stubborn enemy resistance at the Prokhorovka, Leski, Savinino line. This forced the 227th Division to scatter its units and slow its pace of advance, leaving the 169th Division's left flank exposed. Moreover, its right flank was simultaneously exposed. The neighboring units of the 40th Army, which had the task of capturing Kursk and encountered stubborn resistance from the enemy, fell behind. Despite all efforts, it was not possible to master Oboyanya. Our units were forced to withdraw.
In mid-February 1942, the division became part of the 38th Army and occupied a defensive line in the Kharkov region.
At the beginning of March 1942, units of the division, being a neighbor on the left of the 226th Infantry Division as part of the 38th Army, advance on Kharkov, break through the enemy’s defenses in a 22-kilometer zone and reach the settlement line. Thorn-Uncovered-Sandy-Big Grandmother.
On March 9, units of the division with regiments of the 226th Infantry Division launched a joint attack on Rubezhnoye. Their initial success was not encouraging: they occupied only 15 houses. However, by noon on March 10, most of Rubezhnoye was already in the hands of the fighters, including the church, which the enemy had turned into a particularly dangerous knot of resistance. The offensive was generally unsuccessful. It was possible to capture only a bridgehead to the North. Donets in the Old Saltov area. From this bridgehead in May, the armies of the northern wing of the Southwestern Front will launch an unsuccessful attack on Kharkov.
On May 12, the Kharkov operation of the Southwestern Front began. The 227th SD was part of the 21st Army, which carried out an auxiliary attack on the right flank of the front’s northern attack group. However, it was the 21st Army that achieved the greatest success in the first days of the operation. The 293rd and 227th Rifle Divisions advanced 10 kilometers in the northern direction and 6-8 kilometers in the northwestern direction. By May 15, units of the division advanced to the village of Ustintsy, wedging 30 km into the depths of the German defense. But soon the enemy pulled up reserves and launched a counterattack on both flanks of our penetration. Parts of the division were forced to retreat on May 16 to Pylnaya, and by May 20 almost to the positions from which our offensive began on the Murom-Ternovaya line.
On June 30, 1942, units of the 6th German Army began an offensive from the south, in the Belgorod area, and the 8, 134, 227, 279 rifle divisions of the 21st Army were surrounded. In the battles near Korosha and Stary Oskol in the summer of 1942, she was surrounded. On the morning of July 3, 1942, advanced enemy units entered Stary Oskol. The encircled troops continued to resist, hindering the advance of the enemy infantry with their actions. During the fierce battles, the 227th Division suffered heavy losses, unable to maintain its command, headquarters, main personnel and rear. Therefore, the division was soon disbanded.
According to operational report No. 191 of the General Staff of the Red Army, at 8.00 on July 10, 1942, the remnants of the 227th Infantry Division were concentrated in the area of the village of Zemledelets (4 km north-west of the city of Buturlinovka).
According to operational report No. 194 of the General Staff of the Red Army at 8.00 07/13/1942, 293, 343, 226, 76 infantry divisions, 8 motorized rifle divisions, 1 motorized rifle brigade, the remnants of the 227th and 301st infantry regiments, 10 armored brigade were in the concentration area Kozlovka - Chibisovka - Losevo - Vorontsovka, where they brought get yourself in order.
Political instructor Aksyonov Alexander Petrovich. Deputy company commander for political affairs. 277th Infantry Regiment of the 243rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of wounds on October 26, 1941 in MPG (mobile field hospital) -178.
Private Aleshin Isaac Kornilovich. Died on October 25, 1941. Bullet blind penetrating wound of the abdomen, wound of the spleen, wound of the intestines, peritonitis. Brought to BCP-178 dead.
Private Antufeev Vasily Fedorovich, born in 1913. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. He was wounded and died from wounds in the gluteal region on November 22, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of birth: Arkhangelsk region, Krasnoborsky district, Permogorsky village council, village. Small Zaborie. Called up on August 14, 1941 by the Krasnoborsky district military registration and enlistment office.
Private Barabanov Ivan Nikolaevich. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. He died from a wound to the right hip on November 14, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of birth: Yaroslavl region, Danilovsky district, Viktinskoe village, village. Tishevinskaya.
Private Borisov Grigory Ivanovich, born in 1918. 183rd Rifle Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of a head wound on November 2, 1941 at PPG-178.
Private Vitvinov Ivan Ignatievich. 54th Cavalry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of wounds on October 27, 1941 at PPG-178.
Private Volkov Egor Kondratievich, born in 1916. 295th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. He died from wounds in the left shoulder on November 9, 1941 at PPG-178.
Private Gamayunov. 119th Cavalry Regiment. Died of a head wound on November 1, 1941 at PPG-178.
Private Dobryakov Alexey Alexandrovich, born in 1908. 285th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from a chest wound on November 2, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Arkhangelsk, ave. Stalinskikh Udarnikov, 121, wing 3, apt. 1.
Sergeant Pyotr Ivanovich Zaitsev. Entered PPG-178 on October 22, 1941, died on October 23, 1941. Death resulted from damage to the gastric mucosa caused by the chemical solvent. package. Poisoning.
Sergeant Zakharov Georgy Vladimirovich. 777th Artillery Regiment. Entered PPG-178 on October 18, 1941. A bullet wound to the left iliac region penetrating into the abdominal cavity and a wound to the spleen. Died of blood loss on October 21, 1941.
Private Ivanov Alexey Fedorovich, born in 1909. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. He died from a wound in the right buttock on December 5, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of birth: Kalinin region, Novotorzhsky district, village of Bolshaya Vishnya.
Private Karmanov Modest Grigorievich, born in 1906. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. He died from a wound in the stomach on November 1, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Ust-Kulomsky district, Pomozdinsky s/s, village. Sordyiv.
Private Karchagin Mikhail Mikhailovich. 285th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from wounds in the chest, neck and left shoulder on December 4, 1941 at PPG-178.
Private Kokarev Andrey Mikhailovich, born in 1897. Tractor driver of the airfield service battalion of the 36th long-range Smolensk aviation division. Hanged himself on May 1, 1944. Place of birth: Yaroslavl region, Poshekhon-Volodarsky district, village. Selino.
Private Korobanov Ivan Petrovich, born in 1913. On October 24, 1941, he received a shrapnel penetrating wound to the chest with damage to the right lung, injury to the right buttock and soft tissue of the right thigh. Shock, large blood loss, purulent pleurisy. He was treated at the 370th Motorized Infantry Brigade of the 179th BCP, and from October 25 - at the BCP-178. Died October 28, 1941.
Private Kudryashev Nikolai Alexandrovich, born in 1903. 252nd Rifle Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of wounds on October 23, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Kuibyshev region, Bogdashkinsky district, Krestinovsky village.
Private Kucherov Ivan Vasilievich. 924th Infantry Regiment of the 252nd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from an abdominal wound on November 2, 1941 at PPG-178.
Private Maslennikov Nikolai Petrovich, born in 1918. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from a stomach wound on December 6, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Ichasovsky district, village of Populevo.
Private Molodykh Nikolai Ivanovich, born in 1907. Called up June 28, 1941. Died of wounds on October 27, 1941 at PPG-178. Location: Altai region, village Manzherok.
Private Petrov Nikolai Petrovich, born in 1922. 295th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from a chest wound on November 13, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Lukolsky district, Markinsky village council.
Junior military technician Mikhail Vasilyevich Pokrovsky, born in 1909. Chief of ammunition supply of the 15th separate security battalion of the field directorate of the headquarters of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of wounds on November 2, 1941. Place of residence: Moscow region, Belkovsky district, village of Gus.
Private Ryabukhin Dmitry Alekseevich, born in 1918. 295th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from a chest wound on November 2, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Vologda, st. Lansada, 6, apt. 4.
Private Silaev Anatoly Ivanovich, born in 1925. Died of wounds on March 9, 1944. Place of birth: Ulyanovsk region, Cherdaklinsky district, Malaevka village. Called up in 1943.
Private Smirnov Viktor Pavlovich, born in 1918. 295th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of a head wound on November 2, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Yaroslavl region, Soligalichsky district, Ilyinsky village council, village. Golodneva.
Private Dmitry Mikhailovich Starostin, born in 1905. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. He died from a wound in the stomach on November 6, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Vologda region, Vokhomsky district, village of Konury.
Private Stepanov Alexander Sergeevich. 777th Artillery Regiment. He died from a bullet wound to the right hand and forearm on December 17, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of birth: Omsk region, Kazansky district, Dubensky village council, Zarechnoye village.
Private Stepanov Vasily Ivanovich, born in 1916. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from wounds in both lower extremities on November 10, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Kalinin region, Martynovsky district, Martynovsky village council.
Private Tikhoobrazov Pyotr Ivanovich, born in 1922. 910th Infantry Regiment of the 243rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of a head wound on November 8, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Krasnoyarsk region, Yeniseisk.
Private Usov Pyotr Kuzmich, born in 1908. 914th Infantry Regiment of the 246th Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of a head wound on November 6, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Ryazan region, Izhevsky district, village. Makeevo.
Private Fidyukov Pyotr Gerasimovich, born in 1921. 285th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of a chest wound on December 2, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Gorky region, Arzamas, st. Kommunistov, 21.
Veterinary paramedic Shatrov Ivan Petrovich, born in 1919. Veterinary instructor of the 4th squadron of the horse depot of the 27th Army of the Kalinin Front, military unit 4165. Killed at Spirovo station during an air bombardment on October 11, 1941. Place of birth: Ivanovo region, Seredsky district, Maryinsky village council, village. Demshchikovo.
Sergeant Shulepov Sergei Semenovich, born in 1916. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from an abdominal wound on November 22, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of birth: Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Yakobodinsky district, Milotic village council, village. Big Ita.
Red Army soldiers buried in Babye, not included in the list, not mentioned on the gravestone:
Private Simonenko Vasily Nikitovich. Died of a head wound on November 12, 1941 at PPG-178. Location: Krasnodar region, Ust-Labinsky district, Voronezh village council.
Junior political instructor Stepan Ilyich Romanov, born in 1917. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from wounds to the chest and jaw on December 11, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of birth: Altai Territory, Tanchinsky district, Makarovsky village council, Alekseevka village.
Deputy Political instructor Voitsekhovsky Kazimir Stefanovich, born in 1921. 924th Infantry Regiment of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from a shrapnel wound to the left hip on December 20, 1941 at PPG-178. Born in Mogilev.
Senior Sergeant Boyanov Nikolai Romanovich, born in 1909. 54th Cavalry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from wounds in the head and chest on November 2, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Tashkent region, Begovazh district, village of Dilselvir.
Private Avakumov Serafim Semyonovich. 227th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died from wounds in the stomach, lower limbs and shoulder on November 8, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Iyarsky district, Nizhnesyursky village council, village. Zyakino.
Lieutenant Ivashchenko Emelyan Semyonovich, born in 1918. Chief of ammunition supply of the 15th separate security battalion of the field directorate of the headquarters of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of wounds on November 13, 1941 at PPG-178. Place of residence: Chernigov region, st. Balmach, Kurek village.
Private Yahil Zakrat. 912th Infantry Regiment of the 252nd Infantry Division of the 29th Army of the Kalinin Front. Died of wounds on October 20, 1941 at PPG-178.
There are two of them left. Those who saw how Komarin was liberated from the Nazis 75 years ago.
In the Bragin Historical Museum there is a painting by Vasily Shevchenko “Forcing the Dnieper”. Photo: Sergey Emelyanov
Witnesses
Ekaterina Ivanovna Petrusevich was 13 years old at that time. Children's memory stores the worst things:
A policeman came and said: “Get your bast shoes and bag ready, tomorrow the whole family will go dig a ditch.” Grandfather took a barrel of honey, lard, moonshine - and negotiated with the police. I agreed, and the whole family went to the forest. And those who went to bury themselves were buried alive.
Olga Iosifovna Kopytko is five years older:
I had just finished school and wanted to go to medical school when the war began. The Germans committed atrocities: as soon as they did, they immediately gathered people for a meeting, and then shot them. Therefore, for the most part we hung around in forests and swamps. Once I crawled away from such a meeting for two hours through a rye field. She hugged the earth tightly so that no one would notice. And when our people arrived, we all came out of the forests, rejoiced and kissed, as if the war was over. It was already possible to exist in this world without being afraid of anyone.
- And you are 18 years old...
I was immediately called to the medical battalion. And I, together with our liberators - the 181st Rifle Division of the First Ukrainian Front - went on to liberate Belarus. Then Poland, Czechoslovakia, Germany found themselves surrounded with their medical battalions. She served until the Victory. I have several thanks from Stalin.
Bloody crossing
The Battle of the Dnieper is one of the bloodiest in the Great Patriotic War. Retreating on all fronts from Velikiye Luki to the Black Sea, the Nazis hurried to retreat behind the “impregnable Eastern Wall” - as they called the well-fortified, deeply echeloned water lines on the western bank of the Dnieper.
On September 22, 1943, the first to enter the water, pursuing the enemy, were the troops of the 13th Army under the command of Lieutenant General N.P. Pukhov. They were supported by formations of the 60th and 61st armies. The liberation of Belarus from the fascist invaders began.
It is difficult for us today to imagine what was happening on the Dnieper in those days. Apocalypse! The writer Viktor Astafiev, who also crossed the river, testified: “When 25 thousand soldiers entered the Dnieper on one side, no more than 5-6 thousand came out on the opposite side.”
You read the memoirs of front-line soldiers, and your blood runs cold. Ivan Vasilyevich Kovalev was then a sergeant, commander of a mortar crew of the 81st Infantry Division:
“As soon as we launched the boats, a massive artillery shelling began, then German planes appeared in the sky. Of the six boats, only three crossed. Two were almost immediately completely destroyed by a direct hit, the third boat did not reach the shore 15-20 meters, the shell hit near her, and she capsized. The shore and waters of the Dnieper were red with blood. The worst thing was that there was nowhere to hide from the incessant explosions. Complete helplessness: you look to the right - the boat sank, to the left - the raft was blown apart, fear literally paralyzes you.
At the moment of crossing, we clearly realized: our life is only in the hands of fortune. To be honest, I don’t understand how I stayed alive. Those who crossed the river desperately jumped ashore and tried to bury themselves as deep into the ground as possible."
But there weren’t enough boats for everyone, so they crossed on rafts made of logs and planks, on ferries built from empty iron barrels, and on raincoat tents stuffed with hay and straw.
The crossing of the Dnieper took place simultaneously in many areas from Loev to Zaporozhye. Local historian Ruslan Gerasimov from the regional center of Bragin says:
After the crossing, hell continued. In our area, the village of Galki, for example, changed hands 12 times in one night. And Komarin was the first to be liberated from the Germans.
Six stars
Despite her 93 years, Olga Iosifovna Kopytko is surprisingly active. Together with a friend, she takes care of the orchard and cherishes the grapes hanging from the trellises by the porch. She herself volunteered to show us the military monuments of Komarin.
We drive through a clean, well-kept village. Lenin Street, Sovetskaya Street, Karl Marx Street, Proletarskaya... It’s as if we are returning to life from childhood - non-fuss, sunny...
Now Komarin is like a resort town, but after liberation there was real horror,” the front-line soldier recalls. “All the houses are destroyed, equipment is on fire, there are corpses all around and this unforgettable roar. The front, having crossed the Dnieper, advanced far beyond Komarin, but the roar remained.
We stop at a mass grave in the center of the village. Endless slabs with the names of the buried. 799 of our soldiers died during the liberation of Komarin and nearby villages. Six Heroes of the Soviet Union also lie here.
The youngest - 19-year-old junior sergeant Nikolai Yakovlev from the Vologda region - died while covering the infantry with machine gun fire near the very village of Galki. Destroyed about a hundred Nazis.
Orenburg lieutenant Dmitry Grechushkin commanded a platoon of anti-tank rifles. After the tank attack, the entire platoon was killed, and the commander hid and waited for the Tiger to expose itself weak point and hit him. He himself was immediately attacked by a self-propelled gun and died.
The lieutenant's fellow countryman, senior sergeant Vasily Boyarkin, with his machine-gun crew, distinguished himself during the crossing of the Dnieper, covering his comrades, in a battle near the village of Vyalye, where his crew killed 60 Nazis, but an accidental bullet ended the hero's life.
Lieutenant from Ukraine Fyodor Pavlovsky - Komsomol organizer of a rifle battalion. He died during the battle, killing 65 fascists.
Senior sergeant Nikolai Grishchenko from Sakhalin was the commander of the mortar company crew. When the danger of encirclement arose, the already wounded man raised the soldiers in a counterattack and threw grenades at the enemy armored vehicle. He had no chance to survive.
Thirty-year-old sergeant major Oraz Anaev from Turkmenistan also blew up an armored vehicle with seven fascists and two heavy machine guns. A street in Minsk is named after him...
In the Bragin Historical Museum on a stand are the names of 396 soldiers who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for their exploits during the liberation of the Bragin region. And this is just one region of Belarus, where the fighting lasted for just over a month!
Peaceful Komarin
Every year the number of dead soldiers in our mass grave grows,” says the head of the Komarinsk village administration, Viktor Svislovsky. - We are gradually moving here graves from nearby villages that were empty after the Chernobyl accident. We often find remains at earthworks or the natural collapse of the banks of the Dnieper. In May we have very touching memorial events. Last year, a grandson from Uzbekistan found his grandfather here.
- How does Komarin live these days?
The village has 2,428 residents, and the school has 310 students. State farm "Komarinsky", forestry, forestry, reclamation service... There are about twenty streets alone. Two of them bear the names of the heroes Pavlovsky and Grechushkin. Now, as part of the “Small Motherland” program, we have been allocated serious money for improvement. It’s a pity that you didn’t come in July - there’s such swimming on the Dnieper on Ivan Kupala! There were about five thousand people this year - from everywhere, including from Russia. Songs, bonfires, fireworks! Thank God there is peace now.
- You probably have a lot of mosquitoes, too?
Are you referring to the name of the village? Previously, everything around was in swamps, but then there was a lot. And then the swamps were drained. But I don’t know whether the name comes from mosquitoes. The village is 633 years old!
The editors would like to thank S.A. for his help in preparing the material. Dovgulyavets - head of the department of ideological work, culture and youth affairs and N.I. Meleshko - director of the Bragin Historical Museum with an Art Gallery.
"I don't have the means to cross..."
From the memoirs of the former commander of the 360th Infantry Regiment, Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General N. Stashek, honorary citizen of Komarin:
On a dark night, I was called to the auxiliary command post of the army and personally from the army commander, General N.P. Pukhov. received the task: “Within one and a half to two hours, cross the Desna and, without getting involved in battle with the enemy, quickly reach the Dnieper by dawn, cross it in the Komarin area and hold the captured bridgehead until the main forces arrive.” “The task is clear,” I answered, “there is only one question: where to get the transportation means?”
The army commander became gloomy. Apparently, he was expecting such a question and therefore answered without hesitation: “Look for means of crossing by the river, I don’t have them.”
<...>Unfortunately, we were unable to overcome the distance of more than 50 km before dawn. By this time, only the vanguard battalion under the command of the deputy regiment commander, Lieutenant Colonel Nikolai Mikhailovich Novikov, had reached the Dnieper. The enemy met the battalion with artillery, mortar and machine gun fire. But despite this, the battalion began constructing rafts from scrap materials and fishing boats.
The exit of the main forces of the regiment to the river was completely unexpected for the enemy. There was confusion in its ranks. Taking advantage of this, the main forces of the regiment crossed the river using improvised means three to four kilometers south of the vanguard battalion. The main enemy forces were destroyed by a united surprise attack, and by nightfall the regional center of Komarin was captured.
<...>Soon the enemy came to his senses and began to launch a counterattack. But the regiment did not just defend itself, but attacked several times every day, although ammunition reserves were decreasing every hour...
During the next counterattack, the enemy managed to reach the rear of the second battalion in the area where the medical post was located. The Nazis rushed into a furious attack, anticipating an easy victory. Noticing the approach of the Nazis, the commander of the sanitary platoon, Jr. lieutenant medical service Ivan Danilovich Fionov gave the command “to the gun.” The wounded, even those who could not move, but could hold a weapon with at least one hand, took up a perimeter defense and met the enemy with organized rifle and machine-gun fire... When the ammunition was running out, Comrade Fionov raised the soldiers to attack. It was so unexpected for the enemy that he was taken aback, the Nazis were confused and began to retreat. The wounded made their way and retreated to the rear. Comrade Fionov himself was seriously wounded in the stomach, but controlled the battle until the last minute.
“I was killed near Rzhev.” The tragedy of the Monchalovsky “cauldron” Gerasimova Svetlana Aleksandrovna
183rd Rifle Division
183rd Rifle Division
The division entered the Rzhevsko-Vyazemskaya offensive operation 1942 as part of the 39th Army. Its commander was Major General K.V. Komissarov, the military commissar was Hero of the Soviet Union, Regimental Commissar V.R. Boyko. In mid-January 1942, the division was located west of Rzhev and on January 15 (according to other sources, January 14) it was transferred to the 29th Army. During the fighting, its units and subunits occupied separate structures of the Rzhev-Vyazma defensive line on the eastern side of the army position, the construction of which was carried out in the summer and autumn of 1941 and was not completed. Even despite the defensive remarks that were recorded by the inspectors and discussed above, the division steadfastly defended its lines and successfully repelled enemy attacks. The division headquarters was located in the area of a military town 1 km east of the Monchalovo station. On January 29, communication with army headquarters, neighbors on the left - the 246th, on the right - the 369th rifle divisions was maintained by radio, telephone, and with the help of communications officers. During the exit from the encirclement, the means of communication were lost. IN different time The division’s actions were “supported” by individual units: faulty tanks of the 159th brigade, the 71st ski battalion.
Some veterans of the division recalled the funeral on January 24 of the deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, commissar of the 285th Infantry Regiment, senior political instructor Shopan Konuspaev, one of the leaders of Almaty in 1937–1938. He died the day before in the battle for the village of Shchukino, replacing one of the unit commanders. They buried him in a deep crater left by an aerial bomb near the Monchalovo station. A sign was placed over the grave with the inscription: “The Bolshevik commissar Shopan Konuspaev, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, who died heroically in the battles for the village of Shchukino on January 21, 1942, is buried here.” When Monchalovo was occupied by the Nazis, the grave with the tablet was destroyed. In 1956, the remains of Shopan Konuspaev were transferred to a mass grave at Monchalovo station. There is an obelisk there, where among the names of the dead soldiers the name of senior political instructor Konuspaev is inscribed.
Major General K.V. Komissarov – commander of the 183rd Infantry Division. 1941
Hero of the Soviet Union, regimental commissar V. R. Boyko - military commissar of the 183rd Infantry Division. 1941–1942
Shopan Konuspaev
The first document of the division after leaving the encirclement was a report from the commander of the 227th Infantry Regiment, Art. battalion commissar D.K. Kasyanenko to the commander of the 29th Army: “I report that on 21.2.42 I left the enemy’s rear and temporarily assumed duties as commander of the 183rd infantry division until the division commander, Major General Komissarov, left the enemy’s rear. I am forming temporary management of divisions and regiments. The current strength of the division occupies the defensive - 285 rifle regiments in the high area. 232, 9, echeloned to a depth of 227 sp, 295 sp, 623 ap... in the area of the village of Vysokoye.” By the evening of this day, the division headquarters was located in the village of Klyuchi, communication with the army headquarters and neighbors was carried out by “foot messengers.”
It was already mentioned above that the division commander, Major General Komissarov, died in the area of the village of Lebzino when leaving the encirclement. Currently buried in the village of Kokoshkino. The division's military commissar, V.R. Boyko, returned to his troops on February 23, and later was a member of the Military Council of the 39th Army. After the war, he wrote his memoirs “With Thoughts about the Motherland.” There were few division fighters who escaped the encirclement, since, as mentioned above, they were ordered to be consolidated into one rifle regiment and subordinated to the commander of the 185th Infantry Division.
After further formation, the division remained in the 29th Army. Its commander for a short time in March 1942 was the chief of staff, Major P.K. Ruban, who emerged from encirclement, then, from March 19, Lieutenant Colonel A.S. Kostitsyn. In October 1942, the division was transferred to the reserve of the Supreme Command Headquarters, and from February 1943 it fought in the south.
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