Let's talk about a buzzword that is familiar to many, but there is no clear understanding of what it means. Attention is paid to the adjective “surreal”. It will be interesting, to say the least.
Surrealism is...
An entertaining and bold movement from the early 1920s. The founder is considered (1896-1966). It was from his pen that the first manifesto of surrealism came out in 1924. The main concept of the teaching is “surreality”, that is, if translated literally from French, “super- and supra-reality”. The leaders of the movement wanted to rejuvenate the old reality, saturating it with new meanings. The main principle of direction is the mixing of real and dream reality. Two opposing entities were combined in bizarre collages, just as it usually happens in a dream, or by moving non-artistic, everyday objects into an artistic environment, thus creating art. This technology is called by the foreign phrase ready-made.
It is not surprising that representatives of the movement wanted freedom and revolution, but above all, a restructuring of consciousness, rightly believing that this was the beginning of all changes. What is the point of placing a person in new conditions of existence if he is not yet mentally ready for this? That's right, none! In order to more fully understand what surreal means, it is necessary to delve deeper into the ideas of the movement itself. Let's consider the latter at least a little.
Ideological basis and main themes
The surrealists did not hesitate to experiment: they created under hypnosis, under the influence of alcohol and drugs, they starved themselves - and all this only in order to disperse their own unconscious. Freud's term here is not accidental, since it was his ideas that inspired the surrealists, but not all of them. For example, Rene Magritte was calm about the doctrine of the unconscious. By the way, his painting is in the first photo. The reader probably knows her.
Surrealists were primarily interested in magic, eroticism, and the subconscious. This listing is already breathtaking. Therefore, it is not surprising that surrealism remained in culture and language. The reader probably already thought that we had forgotten why we had gathered here in the first place. But no, we remember: we are expected to explain the adjective “surreal.” This is not a problem, because we already know the main content of the teaching, from which it came. Everything is very simple. Surreal - not related to reality, at least to the one that everyone is used to. This is reality, different, different, rich.
Synonyms
Substitution words are especially useful here. Sometimes, of course, this subsection seems like a formality, but not now, when such a complex concept is being considered. Synonyms are really necessary. So here they are:
- absurd;
- magic;
- magical;
- unrealistic;
- dreamlike.
Unfortunately, giving a clear interpretation to the adjective “surreal” is sometimes a difficult task. But usually people use it to mean “absurd.” It’s unlikely that anyone goes into a dictionary and reads about the history of the movement that Andre Breton founded. Although we do not rule out that there may be such people. Then the latter use the term with full understanding.
"Route 60" (2002)
The film came out a long time ago, 15 years have passed since then. But in the space of culture, time no longer has such meaning. The most interesting remains, but the passage disappears and falls out of human use and disappears from memory. But people continue to watch Route 60. And not least because the adjective “surreal” applies to the film. This will become obvious if you turn to the material again, or enjoy the film for the first time.
And even main character, Neil Oliver, says the word "sur" while interviewing for a "job." And this is a clear reference to our topic today. And here we need to return to the fact that “surrealism”, as a concept and a certain feeling of existence, actually has no analogues. Yes, people say “sur” when the absurdity of existence becomes obvious to them, but still philosophical absurdism (A. Camus, L. Shestov) or literary (D. Kharms) has little in common with genuine surrealism.
What should I add? The phrase “surreal impression” is closer to a magical feeling. But there are no canons here. Now the reader knows the history of the movement and its main ideas and can himself perfectly understand what surrealism is. True mastery of some knowledge is not so easy, because it is complex in itself.
"Alice in Wonderland"
By the way, speaking of dream reality, one cannot forget the wonderful work of Lewis Carroll. "Alice in Wonderland" is surrealism before its official recognition. And what? All the features are on the face. Except that there is no eroticism in the essay. But, you need to understand that, firstly, this is the Victorian era, and secondly, this is still a fairy tale for children. Although the original addressee, that is, the child, will understand little about it. Or rather, the full depth of the author’s mockery of reality is inaccessible to him. The surreal impression of the prose is easily captured. Lewis Carroll was probably the forerunner of surrealism, one way or another. But we also agree that placing the action of a story in a dream is a convenient technique. If there is criticism, you can always say: “This is a dream, just a dream.” What kind of claims can there be against the author in this case? True, the trick did not always work in the Soviet Union.
So, we understand what surreal means. This is not to say that the adjective is in demand by the broad masses, but sometimes it is used. There's one more thing left White spot in the problematic: can a nightmare be surreal? However, we deliberately leave this question unanswered so that the reader has something to think about in the cold summer of 2017.
SUR-A; m. Razg.
1. = Surrealism.
2. Something fantastic, unreal. S. of our life. Get used to everyday surreal.
◁ Syurovsky, oh, oh. S-th direction in art. Sth life.
encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .
Synonyms:See what “sur” is in other dictionaries:
sur- SUR, a, m. 1. What l. strange, morbid, unusual, abstruse, absurd. sur communal (about life in a communal apartment). sur, not life. Wherever you go, it’s surreal. Abbreviation from common use "surrealism", "surreal"; Poss. initially... ... Dictionary of Russian argot
- [Russian] abbr. Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Nonsense, surrealism, abstruseness, absurdity Dictionary of Russian synonyms. sur noun, number of synonyms: 5 absurd (48) nonsense ... Synonym dictionary
sur- 1 viguk unchangeable vocabulary unit sur 2 name of the human race surrealism; phantasmagoria of roses...
SUR- Studio of a young reporter Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. St. Petersburg: Politekhnika, 1997. 527 p. SYUR Union of Lawyers of Russia from 2000 to 2005 after: AYUR Association of Lawyers of Russia all-Russian public organization... ... Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations
M. coll. the same as surrealism Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern Dictionary Russian language Efremova
sur- sur, a (surrealism) ... Russian spelling dictionary
Surprisingly- *Wines aged on their own lees (sur lie). This technology has been adopted in the western part of the Loire Valley and makes it possible to produce fresh, slightly carbonated white wines. Kuptsov 2001 19 …
sur se- * sur ce. Usually at the end of the letter: following this. Now I agree that this passage is written too short, and there is no strength to either correct or add. Sur ce I hug you with hope and gratitude. 14.10.1823. Cannon. P. A. Vyazemsky. Surce... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
sur"action- the name of the female family... Spelling dictionary of Ukrainian language
Books
- Sur, Vladimir Makanin. The book includes the stories “Sur in the Proletarsky District” and “Voices”, in which Vladimir Makanin develops his favorite theme: the private life of a person trying not to lose himself in a dramatically changing...
- Cote d'Azur. Marseille, Cassis, Toulon, Hyères, Saint-Tropez, Cannes, Antibes, Biot, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Grasse, Vence, Nice, Eze, Monaco, Menton, Arles. Guide + map, Elena Kassel. Cote d'Azur. Marseille, Cassis, Toulon, Hyères, Saint-Tropez, Cannes, Antibes, Biot, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Grasse, Vence, Nice, Eze, Monaco, Menton, Arles...
SUR, a, m. 1. What l. strange, morbid, unusual, abstruse, absurd. sur communal (about life in a communal apartment). sur, not life. Wherever you go, it’s surreal. Abbreviation from common use "surrealism", "surreal"; Poss. initially... ... Dictionary of Russian argot
- [Russian] abbr. Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Nonsense, surrealism, abstruseness, absurdity Dictionary of Russian synonyms. sur noun, number of synonyms: 5 absurd (48) nonsense ... Synonym dictionary
sur- 1 viguk unchangeable vocabulary unit sur 2 name of the human race surrealism; phantasmagoria of roses...
SUR- Studio of a young reporter Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. St. Petersburg: Politekhnika, 1997. 527 p. SYUR Union of Lawyers of Russia from 2000 to 2005 after: AYUR Association of Lawyers of Russia all-Russian public organization... ... Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations
sur- sur, a (surrealism) ... Russian spelling dictionary
Surprisingly- *Wines aged on their own lees (sur lie). This technology has been adopted in the western part of the Loire Valley and makes it possible to produce fresh, slightly carbonated white wines. Kuptsov 2001 19 …
sur se- * sur ce. Usually at the end of the letter: following this. Now I agree that this passage is written too short, and there is no strength to either correct or add. Sur ce I hug you with hope and gratitude. 14.10.1823. Cannon. P. A. Vyazemsky. Surce... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
A; m. Razg. 1. = Surrealism. 2. Something fantastic, unreal. S. of our life. Get used to everyday surreal. ◁ Syurovsky, oh, oh. This direction in art. Happy life... encyclopedic Dictionary
sur"action- the name of the female family... Spelling dictionary of Ukrainian language
Books
- Sur, Vladimir Makanin. The book includes the stories “Sur in the Proletarsky District” and “Voices”, in which Vladimir Makanin develops his favorite theme: the private life of a person trying not to lose himself in a dramatically changing...
- Cote d'Azur. Marseille, Cassis, Toulon, Hyères, Saint-Tropez, Cannes, Antibes, Biot, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Grasse, Vence, Nice, Eze, Monaco, Menton, Arles. Guide + map, Elena Kassel. Cote d'Azur. Marseille, Cassis, Toulon, Hyères, Saint-Tropez, Cannes, Antibes, Biot, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Grasse, Vence, Nice, Eze, Monaco, Menton, Arles...
If according to gramate.ru, then:
SUR, -a; m. Razg.
Surrealism.
Something fantastic, unreal. S. of our life. Get used to everyday surreal.
According to Wikipedia:
Surrealism (French surréalisme - super-realism) is a movement in art that was formed by the early 1920s in France. Characterized by the use of allusions and paradoxical combinations of forms.
The main concept of surrealism, surreality is the combination of dream and reality. To achieve this, the surrealists proposed an absurd, contradictory combination of naturalistic images through collage and “ready-made” technology.
Ready-made (ready-made, from the English ready “ready” and the English made “made”) - a technique in different types art (mainly in the visual arts and literature), in which the author presents as his work some object or text that was not created by himself and (unlike plagiarism) not for artistic purposes.
The authorship of an artist or writer using ready-made consists of moving an object from a non-artistic space to an artistic one, due to which the object is revealed from an unexpected side, properties that were not noticed outside the artistic context appear in it.
Surrealism was rooted in symbolism.
The surrealists performed their work without regard to rational aesthetics, using phantasmagoric forms. They worked with themes such as eroticism, irony, magic and the subconscious.
Often, surrealists performed their work under the influence of hypnosis, alcohol, drugs or hunger, in order to reach the depths of their subconscious. They proclaimed the uncontrolled creation of texts - automatic writing.
Automatic writing (from the Greek automatos - spontaneous) is the process (or result) of writing, which is presumably the result of the unconscious activity of the writer. The individual may be in a state of hypnosis, mediumistic or meditative trance, or he may be in full consciousness and control everything except the movement of his hand. Used in some religious practices (such as spiritualism) for the supposed ability to communicate with the spirits of the dead, who are believed to control automatic writing. Also used by some psychotherapists for the purpose of uncovering and releasing supposed hidden experiences and motives that create conflicts in the psyche.
However, the chaotic nature of the images sometimes gave way to their greater thoughtfulness, and surreality became not just an end in itself, but a deliberate method of expressing ideas that seek to break ordinary ideas.
Currently, the direction has become noticeably commercialized. Continuing the tradition of Dali, Tanguy, Delvaux, Ernst, the artists borrowed from them mainly the external side of the direction - the phantasmagorical nature of the plot. The deep psychological side of surrealism, expression, expression of one’s unconscious fantasies, sexual fears and complexes, the transfer in the language of allegory of elements of one’s own childhood, personal life - this internal aspect was considered in the 1920-30s. The titular, defining quality of surrealism is most often ignored.
Jim Warren fills his canvases with colorful, life-affirming subjects, considering the main goal to lift the spirits of each individual viewer, to instill in him an interest in life and reverence for nature. Lyubov Zubova’s paintings can be divided into “warm” and “cold”: she saturates them either with the pleasant, gentle colors of sunset and the golden sea, or with the cool colors of the night or early morning. Some canvases combine both heat and cold. The paintings seem to encourage the viewer to simply admire the beauty, the crystalline air, the serenity of the sea, without mediating all this with any meaning. Thus, surrealism has evolved, and nowadays it is difficult to talk about it as a pure movement: it was strongly influenced by fantasy art and classical art.
The surrealists believed that creative energy comes from the sphere of the subconscious, which manifests itself during sleep, hypnosis, painful delirium, sudden insights, automatic actions(random wandering of a pencil on paper, etc.).
Surrealism in painting developed in two directions.
Some artists introduced an unconscious principle into the process of creating paintings in which freely flowing images, arbitrary forms,
turning into abstraction (Max Ernst, A. Mason, Miro, Arp).
Another direction, led by Salvador Dali, was based on the illusory accuracy of reproducing a surreal image that arises in the subconscious. His paintings are distinguished by a careful brushwork style, accurate rendering of light and shade, and perspective, which is typical for academic painting. The viewer, succumbing to the persuasiveness of illusory painting, is drawn into a labyrinth of deceptions and insoluble mysteries: solid objects spread, dense objects become transparent, incompatible objects twist and turn out, massive volumes acquire weightlessness, and all this creates an image impossible in reality.
General features of the art of surrealism: absurd fantasy, alogism, paradoxical combinations of forms, visual instability, variability of images.
Some interesting discoveries of the surrealists were used in the commercial fields of decorative art, for example, optical illusions, which make it possible to see two different images or scenes in one picture depending on the direction of view.
In practice, this sometimes resulted in the creation of pathologically repulsive images, eclecticism and kitsch.
Accepted... with an absurd, contradictory combination of naturalistic images, paradoxical plot twists, a combination of dreams and reality :)
There is no strict selection for admission: i.e. Bring everything that you yourself consider surreal, or that, in your opinion, is similar to this style, or that is clearly written in an absurd and illogical way.
Those. I’m trying to understand the difference between surreal and absurd, but they thought that they were one and the same thing.
Here are some other opinions:
Sur = "incomprehensibility", strangeness, illogicality... I.E. this is a picture of what is happening, where there is its own logic and consistency, but some essential detail is missing and because of this this picture is not complete... We can say that life is a vivid example of a surreal action...
Sur from French - “on”, “above”. Surrealism, for example, is an unrealistic movement in art, i.e. “superior” to realism, “above realism.”
A feeling of unreality of what is happening, a feeling of what cannot happen, but it does happen. The word is usually used as a prefix (surprise, surrealism).
The word “sur” is of French origin and is literally translated as the preposition “on”, “above”, and in Russian youth slang “sur” is “absurd, something absurd, strange”, as well as “original, unusual and at the same time It's an attractive time." And all this, in fact, completely coincides with our desire to be avant-garde, unlike anyone else and soaring above... In general, surreal!
Look at the paintings of Salvador Dali - it's surreal.
And everything that amazes with a riot of fantasy and dissimilarity to the real world will also be surreal.
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Sometimes life throws us such situations that " even stand, even fall", as they say, you can’t make it up on purpose. For many, such events cause shock and confusion, and they describe what is happening with only one word that came to their tongue at that moment - Sur. What does Sur mean??
However, before continuing, I want to recommend you a few more articles on the topic of youth slang, for example, who is Koresh, who is called Klusha, what does Kalich mean? Add our website to your bookmarks so that you can check in with us from time to time.
So, today we’ll talk about such a difficult term as Sur. This word is an abbreviation for the concept " surrealism", which denotes the combination of dream and reality, something grotesque, contradictory. At the same time, in the visual arts they try to combine the incompatible, something naturalistic and completely incredible. Such works have left a noticeable mark on modern culture.
Sur is an abbreviation for the word " surrealism", and means something completely incredible, or indicates some strange event that happened in life.
Example:
Russia in the 90s, it's completely surreal.
Look, it’s hailing outside the window, and now it’s the middle of summer, it’s just kind of surreal.
This film left an unpleasant aftertaste; I don’t like films in the surreal genre.
Surrealism is more than an artistic style, it is an artistic movement.
From the abstract and colorful forms of Miró's etchings to the fantasy, mysterious paintings of Dali, surreal art captures the imagination of art lovers and collectors around the world. Unlike other creative movements that can be characterized by imagery themes, color schemes or techniques, surrealist art is a little more difficult to define.
"Uncle Magritte's Lullaby" (2016), Michael Cheval, Surrealism, Surrealist Art. Surrealist artists such as Joan Miro, Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Michael Cheval, and many others sought to explore the subconscious as a way of creating art, resulting in dreamlike, sometimes strange images in endless environments. The core of surrealism is the emphasis on automatic illustrations of the mind's deepest thoughts as they surface. This thought process for creating art is known as "automatism."
Over the years, surrealism has produced an astonishing collection of art, ranging from mythical landscapes to dark sculptural compositions and intriguing depictions of people and animals.
What is surrealism and how did it begin?
The poet Gilliam Apollinaire first coined the term " surreal” in relation to the idea of an independent reality existing “beneath” our conscious reality.But the surrealist movement originally emerged in 1924, when the French poet André Breton published his "Manifesto of Surrealism", influenced by the theories and works of the unconscious mind of psychologist Sigmund Freud, the pioneering studies of Carl Jung, and the Dada movement.
While surrealism began as a literary movement in the prose and poetry of Breton and others, visual artists such as Giorgio de Chirico, Pablo Picasso, Francis Picabia and Marcel Duchamp embraced surrealism and were mentioned in Breton's 1925 publication " La Revolution Surréaliste».
The early surrealists challenged the limitations of consciousness and rationality to free the subconscious - " ultimate reality", as Breton called her.
A fundamental aspect of the surrealist movement is a mode of expression called "automatism", which involves the act of automatically or uncensored recording of thoughts and images arising in the artist's mind. Surrealist artwork, which focuses on the use of involuntary thought processes and dream interpretation, is not limited to a specific artistic style or technique.
"Le Lezard aux Plumes d"Or II" (1971, M.800), Joan Miró, Surrealism, The Art of Surrealism. During the 1920s, artists continued to explore surrealist concepts in art, striving for complete creative freedom. The world's first exhibition of surrealism, entitled "La Peinture Surrealiste", took place in 1925 at Galerie Pierre in Paris, firmly establishing the visual component of the movement.
Although the surrealist movement in Europe virtually disappeared at the beginning of World War II, many surrealist artists moved to the United States, where the movement was revived and influenced famous artists throughout the 20th century.
Artistic techniques in surreal art
"Filiae Herodiadis Saltatio" (Dance of the Daughter of Herodias, 1964), Salvador Dali. Due to the emphasis on creative freedom, artistic techniques in surrealist art vary greatly. However, while depicting the dreamlike imagery so common in surrealist art, surrealist artists developed a number of techniques to help capture the thoughts of the subconscious. "Frottage" (rubbing a soft pencil over a textured surface, leaving a residue of texture on the paper or canvas), and " grattage" (scraping the painted surface of the canvas to create more visual texture). There were techniques that created a partial, unfinished image, encouraging the viewer to examine the missing details.
But surrealist artists were not limited to one medium. Sculpture, painting, lithography, etching, film, photography and other techniques were part of the surrealist art of the 1920s and continue to influence contemporary artists inspired by surrealism.
Many surrealist artists also combined various artistic styles into a single work, exploring the presence of recognizable shapes combined with flowing, vague imagery to guide the minds of their viewers without providing brief explanations.
The main goal of the surrealist artists was to embrace automatism and release the imagination and unconscious thoughts, which each artist interpreted differently.
Salvador Dali is one of the first names that comes to mind when discussing surrealist artists. Like many surrealists, Dalí used a variety of media to create his iconic, hallucinatory visual images, including engraving, lithography and painting.
Breton called Dali's art " retrograde craft with the most extreme inventions of modern culture", highlighting Dali's symbolic artistic style, which encouraged his viewers to explore literature, religious concepts and more. Another famous name, once described by Breton as "the most surrealist surrealist of us all", is Joan Miró. Although Miró did not proclaim himself a surrealist, he was undoubtedly influenced by the movement in many of his works.