Population of the Russian Federation as of January 1. Ethnic composition of the Russian Federation of the Russian Federation. Working-age population of Russia

One of the most interesting topics for the Russian public is the population size in the state as of the beginning of 2017. Who can argue with the fact that the demographic situation is considered one of the most pressing for any state.

Statistical data

According to the data provided in the annual report by Russian statistics, each person can independently make his own calculations and conclusions regarding the population of the Russian Federation in the previous time. If we talk about today, then according to preliminary information, the number of residents throughout the country should be about 144 million people. Of course, by the beginning of 2017, this number should reach up to 146 million people. What exactly could this depend on? First of all, the correctness of the calculation of population growth. For example, if 2 million people are born in Russia every year, and only 1 million die, then the increase every 12 months is exactly 1 million people.

In different cities, regions and territories of the Russian Federation, the number of people is absolutely uneven. Usually this can be associated with a wide variety of local features, the topographical location of a particular settlement, as well as some additional reasons. The main example in this case is considered to be huge megacities, which differ significantly from each other in their indicators.

Population in St. Petersburg

For a long time, St. Petersburg has been considered an important center of all of Russia, as well as a major transport hub, cultural and economic center. St. Petersburg is included in the UNESCO list, as in fact it is considered a very important historical place with centuries-old buildings. Regarding its size of 1439 km2, St. Petersburg is slightly inferior to Moscow, which also applies to the population. It is worth immediately noting that all the information described here is provided by an important government body of the Russian Federation - statistics. Simply put, population data is reliable data that you can rely on with confidence. And in order to assess the demographic situation in 2017, it is worth publishing accurate data for the past few years. Statistics compile data regarding how many people have lived in Russia in recent years.

• 2011 – 4.60 million people;
• 2012 – 4.95 million people;
• 2013 – 5.03 million people;
• 2014 – 5.13 million people;
• 2015 – 5.19 million people;
• 2016 – 5.22 million people.

Even without any special preparation, you can notice that every year there is a small, but still increase in the population, which only has a positive impact on the overall demographic situation throughout the country. Following a logical chain, we can assume that in 2017 the number of people in St. Petersburg will be no less than 5.23 million people.

Population in Moscow

The historical and territorial capital of Russia according to historical law from the very moment of its formation. A knowledgeable person can talk about Moscow for hours, and the sheer number of topics can easily be continued ad infinitum. True, in our case, it is only important to mark the exact number of population last year in order to recreate the dynamics of this indicator in 2017. But still, for a more holistic picture, it is better to consider the official data on the number of inhabitants of the region throughout the entire current decade.

• 2011 – 10.56 million people;
• 2012 – 11.69 million people;
• 2013 – 11.98 million people;
• 2014 – 12.11 million people;
• 2015 – 12.20 million people;
• 2016 – 12.32 million people.

Here, as in the previous region, one can note the overall population growth, which is stable. True, against the backdrop of the second Russian capital, the change in this indicator is less noticeable. If we compare the population in both cities of Russia, Moscow is undoubtedly in the lead.

Total population in 2017 in Russia including Crimea

Regarding general information, at the beginning of 2016, at least 146.54 million people lived in the Russian Federation. If
If you look at the situation in the previous year, you can clearly see a trend towards a gradual increase in growth. Over 12 months, this mark increased by 0.19%. On the one hand, it may seem that this percentage is too small, but compared to the entire state, this is more than 277 thousand people. Last year, an increase in the birth rate was observed in all regions of Russia, and the dynamics of an increase in the number of people in one family is being established. The population of Russia in 2017 will be 146 million people.

At the moment, only in two Russian districts is there a decrease in the birth rate of children - the Far Eastern and Volga regions. To resolve such a serious issue, the President of the Russian Federation signed a decree, according to which the total number of people in the Far East should increase. But Crimea can boast of the most global growth. In just a year, the population of the peninsula increased by 1.24% or 28.5 thousand people. The North Caucasus was in second place - 0.61%, which in numerical terms equals 59 thousand people. But the third leading position was occupied by the Central Federal District - a positive population growth of 0.39% or 152 thousand people.

Statistics of the disabled population of the Russian Federation

To more accurately determine the total number of people in Russia in 2017, it is worth taking into account the disabled category of citizens who are considered deprived of a permanent place of work. This parameter is currently the most important and critical for the country. According to preliminary data, this figure in 2017 may reach 15-17 million people. According to experienced experts, the surge in birth rates in the last few years and the overall increase in population is considered a short-term trend that will fade away in the near future. In a few decades, people born in the 90s will reach retirement age, and this, as we know, is the least numerous category of citizens. At the moment, the birth rate in Russia is 1.35 people, which is guaranteed to be the lowest in relation to all of Europe. But with mortality the opposite is true.

That is why information regarding the population in 2017 is the most interesting for all segments of the population. We can only hope that in a few months the situation with overall population growth will change for the better.

In 2017, the country recorded a population decline. About half of deaths are due to cardiovascular diseases

Realnoe Vremya analyzes Russia's demographic statistics over the past year. As it turned out, in 2017 the number of deaths exceeded the number of births, while people mainly die from diseases of the circulatory system.

Birth and death rates are rising, the population is declining

According to statistics obtained by the analytical service of Realnoe Vremya, 1.69 million people were born in Russia in 2017. This is 203 thousand, or almost 11%, less than a year earlier. The number of deaths turned out to be higher - it amounted to 1.82 million people. This figure also decreased, but not as significantly as the birth rate - by 64 thousand people, or 3.5%.

Thus, over the past year, 8% fewer people were born in Russia than died. Compared to last year, the indicator deteriorated quite noticeably - in 2016, the birth rate, albeit by only 0.3%, still exceeded the death rate.

At the same time, the situation with the birth rate varies greatly from region to region. In 24 of 82 regions, the number of births exceeded the number of deaths, with the best indicators in the North Caucasus. Of the five best regions for this indicator, three are the southern national republics. For example, in Ingushetia, the number of deaths was only 19.4% of the number of births. In Chechnya the same figure is 22%, in Dagestan - 30.9%. Two more regions in the top five are Tyva with 40% and the Tyumen region with 55.3%.

The fertility situation varies greatly from region to region. Photo by Angelina Boksareva (vkonline.ru)

Tatarstan ranks 17th in this indicator - here the number of deaths was 91.4% of the number of births. This is the highest figure in the Volga Federal District (in all other regions of the Volga Federal District, mortality is higher than births), but over the year the indicator has worsened significantly: in 2016 it was 80.4%. Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kalmykia are higher than Tatarstan in this indicator - here the figures range from 88.9% to 91%.

The situation with this parameter is worst in small regions of the Central Federal District. The five worst include the Tver region (here the number of deaths is 70.3% higher than the number of births), Smolensk (71%), Tambov (76.4%), Pskov (82.6%) and Tula (83. 9%) regions.

The best indicators in the Volga Federal District, in addition to Tatarstan, are in Udmurtia (here the number of deaths is only 1% higher than the number of births), Bashkortostan (by 1.4%), Mari El (by 4.2%), and the Perm Territory (by 8.7%). ) and Chuvashia (by 11.6%). The worst demographic situation in the Volga region is in Mordovia (mortality exceeds birth rate by 57.6%) and Penza region (by 57.5%).

It is interesting to look at the same indicator in another context - in terms of changes over the year. The ratio of births to deaths over the year improved only in three regions. These are the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (the ratio of deaths to births was 74.7%, now 69.1%), Tyva (was 41.9%, now 40%) and Chechnya (was 22.2%, now 22%) . In the remaining 79 regions, the proportion worsened, and, for example, in the Pskov region a year earlier there were 1.6 deaths per birth, and in 2017 there were already 1.8 deaths per infant.

The ratio of divorces to marriages has decreased over the past year. Photo infobrod.ru

Residents of Russia are getting married more often and getting divorced less

As for changes in the marital status of the country's residents, the ratio of the number of divorces to the number of marriages has decreased over the past year. In 2016, there were 617 divorces for every thousand marriages, but last year this figure dropped to 583.

The fewest divorces per thousand marriages were recorded in regions already mentioned among the leaders in the ratio of births to deaths: for example, in Chechnya - 149 divorces per 1000 marriages. The rate is also low in Ingushetia (194 divorces per 1000 marriages), Tyva (251), Dagestan (292) and Sevastopol (454). There are few divorces, in addition, in Crimea, St. Petersburg and Moscow, as well as in Tatarstan.

The largest number of divorces per 1000 marriages was recorded in the Leningrad region (825), Magadan region (730), the Komi Republic, Kirov and Kurgan regions (710-712). At the same time, the proportion of the number of divorces to the number of marriages increased over the year only in seven regions - the Novgorod and Leningrad regions, Kabardino-Balkaria and Dagestan, North Ossetia and Crimea, as well as in the Vladimir region.

If we talk about marriages in proportion to the number of residents, then the most marriages per 1000 population were recorded in Sevastopol and St. Petersburg (about 10), Kamchatka Territory, Irkutsk Region and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (8-9 marriages per 1000 population) .

In Russia, there were an average of 7.2 marriages per 1,000 people in 2017 (a year earlier - 6.7), in Tatarstan - 6.9 marriages (a year earlier - 6.7). At the same time, on average there are 4.2 divorces per 1000 residents in Russia (the figure has not changed over the year), and in Tatarstan - 3.5 divorces (the figure also remained at the 2016 level).

Demographic indicators by regions of Russia, 2017

47% of deaths in Russia are from cardiovascular diseases

As already mentioned, 1.82 million people died in Russia in 2017, which is 64 thousand less than in 2016. The mortality rate per 100 thousand people was 1,243 people. This indicator decreased over the year by 3.5%.

In Russia as a whole, the mortality rate varies from 321 to 1,742 people per 100 thousand population. The highest mortality rate was recorded in the regions of Central Russia. The figure of 1,742 people is in the Pskov region. The figure is also high in the Novgorod region - 1709.5 people per 100 thousand population. In the Tver region, the mortality rate was 1686, in the Tula region - 1652, in the Ivanovo region - 1583.

The lowest mortality rate was recorded mainly in the regions of the North Caucasus. Thus, in Ingushetia the figure was only 321 people per 100 thousand population. In Chechnya it is 461, in Dagestan - 509. The top five also includes the Tyumen region with an indicator of 785 and Yakutia - 809.

Moscow took 10th place - here the mortality rate was 960 people per 100 thousand population. Tatarstan is in 19th place, and this is the best indicator among the regions of the Volga Federal District. Here, 1,130 people died per 100 thousand people. For comparison: in St. Petersburg the figure was 1,146 people, in Udmurtia - 1,195, in Bashkortostan - 1,236. Over the past year, the mortality rate increased only in two regions - Kalmykia (by 2.1%) and the Tomsk region (by less than 0. 1%).

The most common cause of death in Russia was diseases of the circulatory system. Photo by Maxim Platonov

The most common cause of death in Russia was diseases of the circulatory system. With a total mortality rate of 1243 people per 100 thousand population, 584 died precisely for this reason. Let us note that this figure for the year in Russia decreased by 4.8%. Circulatory diseases thus accounted for 47% of all deaths in the country. Moreover, depending on the region, this share varies greatly - in the Pskov region and Crimea it is 62-63%, in Sakhalin - only 27%, in the Amur region and Mordovia - 30-31%. In Tatarstan, the share of deaths from cardiovascular diseases is quite high - 53%. This is nevertheless less than in St. Petersburg and Moscow (57% and 55%, respectively), and approximately the same as in the Ulyanovsk region. In other regions of the Volga Federal District, the share of mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system is lower.

Another common cause of death is oncology: 16% of the number of Russian residents who died in 2017. Here the spread across the country is not as large as in the case of diseases of the circulatory system - from 22% to 12%. Note, however, that the share of cancer in the total number of deaths is lower in regions with a generally high mortality rate. From this we can make the assumption that mortality from oncology is high in the country as a whole, but the low share of oncology in regions with high mortality is due to the poor situation with the treatment of other diseases.

For example, the highest mortality rate from neoplasms - 22% of the total number of deaths - was recorded in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Its share is also high in Sakhalin, Sevastopol, Tomsk region (19-20%). And in 11th place, for example, is Chechnya, which is safe in terms of mortality rates (18%). Tatarstan was in 24th place here with 17% of deaths from oncology (the highest figure among the regions of the Volga Federal District).

The smallest share of deaths from cancer - 12% - is in the Novgorod, Tambov, Rostov, Voronezh and Nizhny Novgorod regions, as well as in Chuvashia.

Mortality from diseases by regions of Russia

Mortality from external causes in Russia was about 95 people per 100 thousand population. Compared to last year, this figure decreased by almost 10%. The lowest rates here, as often happens, are in Ingushetia and Chechnya (20 and 22 people per 100 thousand population, respectively), as well as in Dagestan (40 people), Kabardino-Balkaria (46 people) and Moscow (47 people). Tatarstan is in 12th place with an indicator of 71 people per 100 thousand population. Most people died from external causes in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - 222 people out of 100 thousand, in Tyva - 205 people and the Amur Region - 198 people.

There are three most notable external causes of death. These are suicides, road accidents and murders. At the same time, mortality for each cause decreased over the year.

14% of all deaths from external causes occurred in Russia due to suicide. Their highest share was recorded in the Jewish Autonomous Region and Udmurtia - 30%. Also high rates are in the republics of Altai and Khakassia (28%), in the Trans-Baikal and Altai territories (27%). Note that five of the six regions with the highest proportion of suicides are located in the east of the country. The smallest proportion of suicides is in the Khabarovsk Territory and the Astrakhan Region (1%), Tyva, Chechnya, North Ossetia and the Samara Region (3%). In Tatarstan, the figure is higher than the Russian average - 15% of all deaths due to external causes.

Homicides account for 6% of all deaths due to external causes in Russia. Their largest share was recorded in Ingushetia - 20%. The rate is also very high in five regions located in the east of the country. In the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, in the republics of Yakutia, Buryatia, Altai and Tyva, the figure is 13%, and in the Primorsky Territory - 12%.

The share of road accidents in the causes of overall mortality from external causes in Tatarstan is very high. Photo autoexpertnost.ru

The smallest proportion of murders is in the Astrakhan and Voronezh regions (1% of all deaths due to external causes). In another seven regions the figure is 3%. These are the Volgograd, Ulyanovsk, Murmansk and Kursk regions, as well as the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Chuvashia and Kalmykia. Tatarstan’s indicator is 6%, which is 24th place.

But the share of road accidents in the causes of overall mortality from external causes in Tatarstan is very large. While the all-Russian figure is 11%, in Tatarstan it is 15%. This puts the region in 14th place in the sad list of leaders in terms of the share of deaths from road accidents. Most of the southern republics were ahead: Dagestan with 38%, Karachay-Cherkessia with 26%, Adygea with 21%, Ingushetia with 20%, Kamchatka, Stavropol and Crimea with 19%, as well as the Tula region, Krasnodar region, Vladimir region, North Ossetia and Chechnya.

The smallest share of road accidents in total mortality due to external causes in Russia is in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (2%), Magadan (3%), Tomsk (4%) and Sverdlovsk regions (5%).

Mortality from external causes by regions of Russia

Maxim Matveev, analytical service of Realnoe Vremya

The number of Russian residents who are able to work is rapidly declining, while the proportion of citizens of retirement age, on the contrary, is growing. That is why in 2018 the country launched a pension reform in order to somehow solve this imbalance. Today we will tell you how the share of the working-age population has changed, how many able-bodied citizens live in Moscow, what the minimum cost of living is established for the working-age population.

According to Rosstat, today the working-age population of Russia is 82.2 million people. By the working-age population, domestic officials understand, first of all, men aged 16-59 years and women from 16 to 54 years old. International organizations may have other age ranges, so their assessment of the working-age population of the Russian Federation differs.

Working-age population of Russia

Is there a lot or a little working population in the country? Officials are sounding the alarm. Very soon, contributions from a shrinking working population will not be enough to meet the needs of a growing number of retirees.

Statistics fully confirm these fears. For example, back in 2006, the country had more than 90 million working-age population. The number of pensioners did not reach 30 million. After only 6 years, the share of citizens able to work fell to 87 million, and the number of pensioners increased to 32 million. And, finally, the preliminary results of 2018 do not inspire optimism at all. The share of retired citizens is already 37.3 million people, while the number of working-age citizens has dropped to 82.2 million people.

There is one more not very pleasant observation. The share of young people has somehow not changed very much when comparing 2002 and 2018. And this is in the presence of various demographic programs aimed at increasing the birth rate. In other words, we have practically no reserves for the future increase in working-age citizens.

That is why in 2018 a bill was introduced into the State Duma, which proposes to immediately carry out pension reform in the country. Without delaying the matter, the authorities want to raise the retirement age in the country for women to 63 years, for men - to 65 years.

Such a reform will reduce the burden on the Pension Fund. According to experts, if the reform is carried out, the saved funds can be used to increase pensions, which on average will give an increase of 1 thousand rubles.

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Working-age population of Russia by year (Rosstat data)

Working population of Moscow

In the country, the region with the largest working-age population is Moscow. According to Moscow City Statistics Service, in 2017 there were 7.2 million citizens of working age. 1.8 million people have not yet reached this age, and 3.3 million have already passed it.

If you look at the situation year by year, it is noticeable that the region is developing quite harmoniously, without dangerous distortions. All groups are growing. For example, in 2001 the working-age population was 6.4 million people. The share of youth was 1.4 million people. The number of pensioners was at 2.1 million people.

The cost of living for the working population

Speaking about the share of residents who are able to work, one cannot fail to mention the size of the subsistence minimum, which is determined for different groups of the population. This is a very important indicator, on the basis of which the minimum wage, minimum pension, amount of benefits, etc. are then formed.

In the 1st quarter of 2018, the cost of living for the working population of Russia was set at 10,842 rubles. For retired residents it is 8,269 rubles, for children – 9,959 rubles.

In Moscow, based on the results of the 1st quarter of 2018, the value of this parameter for the working population was 17,990 rubles. For pensioners, the figure is set at 11,157 rubles, for children – at 13,787 rubles.

If citizens' incomes do not reach the subsistence level, then they are considered to be poor. Today, many Russians are forced to regularly apply to support their family budget. The loan size usually does not exceed, but sometimes it can amount to.

Working-age population in the world

According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), in 2017 the world's working population was 3.4 billion people. Of these, about 192 million people, or 5.6%, are unemployed.

It should be noted that almost half of all workers (1.4 billion) belong to the so-called vulnerable form of employment. This includes self-employment and family forms of employment.

Working-age population by country (ILO data)

The International Labor Organization, when indicating the size of the working-age population, cites several sources, whose data may differ slightly from each other. In this case, when compiling the table, the most recent information as of the latest date was indicated.

It should also be noted that the table presents ILO data on the size of the working-age population, based on the age of 15-64 years. Rosstat takes other values ​​as a basis, so the numbers vary.

The total population of Russia changes every year. For example, at the beginning of 2016 it was 146,330,004 people, and by the end it became 146,389,999 people. That is, during this time the population grew by 0.04%. How much the population of the Russian Federation will increase in 2017 can be calculated now.

The current population of Russia

For now The total population of Russia is 146,410,154 people.

This figure includes:

1. The number of men is 67,813,335
2. The number of women is 78,596,819
3. Born in 2017 – 624,804
4. Died in 2017 – 681,337
5. Migrated in 2017 – 76,687
6. The growth is - 20,155

This the number changes all the time and is projected to reach 146,450,019 by the end of 2017. Over the year, the number should increase by 60,020 people. This shows a negative natural increase, it will be only 168,348 people. During approximately this time, 1,860,617 newborns will be born, and 2,028,965 people will die. If the migration level does not change significantly, then the migration number will change by 228,368 inhabitants. Accordingly, the total number of people coming to the country for a long-term stay will be greater than the number of emigrants leaving the country.

Rates of change in the number of people for 2017 the following:

1. Average birth rate 5098 children per day
2. Average death rate 5559 per day
3. Migration increase of 626 people per day

Current population density in Russia is 17,125,426 square kilometers. This concept includes the area of ​​land and water surfaces of the Russian Federation within its borders. Based on the current population of approximately 146,410,154, the population density is 8.5 people per square kilometer.

Urbanization in Russia over the last century

Over the past hundred years, urbanization in Russia has more than quadrupled. In urban areas, the number of inhabitants increased from 17.5% according to 1914 data, to 74.2% according to 2014 data. The first general census of residents was carried out in 1897 and showed the share of the urban population at 14.7%.

Basically, the rapid growth of the urban share of residents was associated with the policies of the Soviet government. In the years 29–39 of the last century, industrialization and collectivization were carried out in rural areas; this economic policy led to strong industrial development, but also to famine. The Cold War also saw strong urban population growth. Many abandoned rural life in favor of the city. Then the growth of urbanization began to decline, however, the urban share of residents already significantly prevailed over the rural one. By 2014, the population in urban areas was 74.2% and in rural areas it was 25.8%. The situation in favor of rural life has not changed much since then.

Currently in Russian Federation 15 million-plus cities, of which two cities have populations above two million. More than 23% of the total population of the Russian Federation lives in the largest cities of Russia. In many ways, it is noticeable that people prefer to live and work in large cities.

Distribution of the population of Russia

For 2017, people living in Russia distributed by age in the following way:

1. Under 15 years old - 15.2%, that’s 22,236,641 people
2. From 15 to 65 years old - 71.8%, 105,086,061 people
3. Over 65 years old - 13%, 19,067,297 people

Like many highly developed countries, Russia has a decreasing age pyramid. Typically, such countries have a high level of health care and educational services. Residents have a fairly long life expectancy, low fertility and mortality.

The dependency ratio is the size of the burden on society of the dependent population. Those who are not able-bodied citizens. These are people under 15 and over 65 years of age. The coefficient is calculated as the ratio of the part of the dependent population to the part of the working population. In Russia at the moment it is 39.3%. This is a rather low value, showing that the working population is more than twice as large as the non-working population.

Life expectancy- an extremely important indicator indicating the average number of years of a person’s life as a whole, the number that he can live if the current birth rate and number of deaths do not change. In Russia, this figure for both sexes is now about 66.3 years. In the world, this indicator is at the level of approximately 71 years, so in Russia the indicator is lower than the world one.

At the same time, the average life expectancy for men is 59.8 years, and for women - 73.2 years.

Also an extremely important parameter are disabled citizens who are included in the disabled category not by age, but by the principle of lack of a permanent place of work. This is a critical parameter for the state. And in 2017, the percentage of all disabled citizens in Russia, according to forecasts, could reach 15–17 million people.

Russian population statistics

The demographic situation is extremely relevant for any state, and for the Russian one this is no exception. It is clear that first of all number depends on the ratio of growth and mortality. If you compile the correct statistics of growth, as well as mortality, it will be possible to calculate how good or bad the prospects are in terms of numbers for the state as a whole.

The numbers are extremely uneven across different regions of Russia. As already mentioned above, a very large percentage of the total population are residents of cities with a population of over a million.

If we talk about how many people live in the largest cities of Russia, then the statistics for them are as follows:

At least 5.23 million people now live in St. Petersburg.

Moscow, which is slightly larger than St. Petersburg both in area and in number of inhabitants, currently has a population of about 12.32 million people.

After Crimea became part of Russia, the size of the Russian Federation increased due to new territories. Since last year Russia also began to experience an increase in the birth rate and improve the dynamics of increasing the number of people in one family. A decline in the birth rate is now observed only in two regions of Russia: the Far Eastern and Volga regions. But Crimea, on the contrary, is distinguished by global growth - the population increased by 1.24% over the year. The North Caucasus leads in terms of birth rates - 0.61%, with the Central Federal District in third place - 0.39%.

For all segments of the population and the state as a whole, information on population statistics is extremely important. Everyone hopes that the growth situation will improve in the near future and show a good growth trend.