The strawberry harvest depends not only on favorable weather conditions and care, but also on a sufficient amount of nutrients in the soil. Autumn feeding of strawberries is especially important, because the resistance of the bushes to winter cold depends on it. Spring feeding will help strawberries recover faster after wintering and gain growth rates. In summer, the bushes are fed to increase yield. Let's consider the types of organic and mineral fertilizers for garden strawberries, the rules for their use and dosage.
Principles of caring for strawberries
Caring for garden strawberries is not inherently difficult, but it requires certain knowledge. In order for berry bushes to please the eye with an abundance of harvest, they need to be constantly monitored. Caring for strawberry bushes is as follows:
- tillage;
- timely watering;
- fertilization;
- pest and disease control.
Why fertilize the soil if the berries can grow on their own? Beginning gardeners should know that plants take up nutrients from the soil, which decrease over time. If you collected 10 buckets of berries from a plot, then in three or four years, or even earlier, you will collect half as much. Soil resources are not infinite, so they need to be replenished.
Regular feeding of strawberries increases the yield by up to 30%.
How many times should you apply fertilizer to the soil? Experienced gardeners feed strawberries three times a season - in autumn, summer and spring.
What type of fertilizer is used for strawberries? Gardeners use organic and mineral substrates. Each of them has a special effect on plants and soil. Organic matter, in addition to saturating the fertile layer with nutrition, well structures the soil. Minerals enrich it with important microelements. Therefore, in gardening, organic fertilizers are alternated with mineral fertilizers or they are combined.
Organic fertilizers
These include natural substances produced by living organisms. The most commonly used materials are pet manure, bird droppings, ash and compost.
Slurry
This is a very valuable organic fertilizer, often used in the garden. Usually used, from which slurry is prepared. Mullein contains a lot of humus, which enriches the fertile soil layer with essential nutrients. This fertilizer contains nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.
To prepare the slurry, a bucket of manure is mixed with four buckets of water. The mixture is left to ferment for several days in a warm place. Fermentation is necessary to free the solution from uric acid, which burns the root system.
Plants should not be watered with organic fertilizers during fruiting, so as not to become infected with helminthiasis.
The rotted solution is diluted in a ratio of 1:8 before watering. The working solution should resemble the consistency of thick sour cream. You can mix ash into it - in the volume of one faceted glass.
Fresh manure
Fresh organic matter can also be used to feed strawberries, you just need to scatter it between the rows. This is done after harvesting in the fall. Over the winter, the manure will completely rot and turn into nutritious fertilizer. Manure can serve as mulch.
Chicken droppings
This fertilizer has a high concentration of biological substances, so it is not used fresh. An infusion or extract is made from the droppings. The liquid is watered between the rows, not the strawberry roots.
To make a liquid for irrigation, you need to mix the settled water with the droppings in equal volumes. The mass is thoroughly mixed with a wooden stick, and the container is covered with a lid or boards. The container is placed in a dark place to reduce fermentation processes. If this is not done, the solution will become very concentrated.
After 7-10 days, the liquid can be used for irrigation, after diluting it with water. The proportions of the working fluid are 10 or 50 liters of water per liter of fermented solution. Be careful not to let drops of the solution fall on the strawberry leaves - this will cause burns. Water around the bushes (10-15 cm) or between the rows. Before applying fertilizer, you should water the soil well so as not to harm the strawberry root system.
Green manure
To saturate the fertile layer with useful substances, cut stems and leaves are also used. They are laid out between the rows and left for the winter. Instead of lupine, you can use ordinary grass, however, lupine is a green manure, which greatly increases the efficiency of soil fertilization. To prevent the stems from being blown away by the wind, they are sprinkled with sand or earth on top.
A water infusion of nettle fertilizes the soil well. It can be used in spring (when forming a bush) and in autumn (after harvesting). The infusion is prepared as follows: cut nettles are placed in a bucket and filled with warm water. After a few days, the infusion can be used to irrigate the beds.
Ash
Use wood ash from fallen leaves or plant tops. Wood ash is one of the most useful organic fertilizers for seedlings, as it contains many microelements. Fertilizer is scattered between rows or in holes, and an aqueous solution is also used to irrigate leaves and soil. Ash is often mixed with other types of organic fertilizers, which increases the efficiency of use.
How to properly apply ash for fertilizer? Small grooves are made into which dry substance or aqueous solution is poured. Then the grooves are covered with earth. Root feeding of strawberries with ash is carried out twice a year: during the flowering period and after picking the berries. If you scatter dry ash between the rows, the material consumption is 65 grams per meter. Foliar feeding is carried out during fruit set - the bushes are sprayed with an aqueous solution. To do this, take half a glass of ash in a bucket of water. One liter of infusion is enough to treat 1 m2 of beds.
Mineral fertilizers
Gardeners widely use phosphorus and potassium agrochemicals in powder or granules. The granules can simply be scattered in the holes or between the rows; the powders are diluted in water following the instructions.
Dilution proportions:
- superphosphate: 10 g per bucket of water;
- potassium salt: 20 grams per bucket of water.
Do not let the solution come into contact with the leaves to avoid burns.
Potassium salt can be mixed with. To do this, add 20 grams of potassium salt and a couple of tablespoons of nitrophoska to a bucket of water. The solution consumption is one liter per strawberry bush.
On the third day after applying mineral fertilizer, you need to mulch the bushes. Scatter sawdust, pine needles, fallen leaves or peat on the ground.
Autumn fertilizing gives good results when feeding in autumn. It is used in early September after harvest. Consumption of the drug per square meter is 50 g. Make sure that the solution does not get into the rosette of the bush. This may cause burns.
A mixture of organics and minerals
Experienced gardeners share another secret on how to feed strawberries. It is a mixture of organics and mineral fertilizers.
Mixture No. 1
- wood ash - glass;
- superphosphate - a couple of tablespoons;
- diluted mullein - liter per bucket of water.
Mixture No. 2
- nitroammofoska - a couple of tablespoons;
- wood ash - faceted glass;
- potassium sulfate - 30 gr.
This composition should be mixed well in a bucket of water. Up to half a liter of working solution is consumed per strawberry bush.
If you do not want to make the fertilizer yourself, you can purchase ready-to-use solutions.
Feeding in autumn
Fertilizing bushes in the fall can be combined with pruning leaves. Gardeners do not advise fertilizing later than September, as this can weaken the immunity of strawberries and the necessary winter hardiness.
In the fall, fertilizing is done from bird droppings, mullein, slurry, rotted manure, and nettle infusion. Manure is spread between the rows. This substrate takes a long time to decompose, so it has an effect for several years - it nourishes the earth with useful substances.
At the end of October, strawberries are fertilized for the winter using potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, as well as wood ash. It should be taken into account that in the ash coniferous trees contains more phosphates, and deciduous ash contains more potassium.
In the spaces between the rows you can lay out mown grass (remove the seeds) or lupins, sprinkled with sand or soil on top. Over the winter green manure will rot and release nutrients to the soil.
Remember that autumn fertilizing should not be applied too late: the release of nitrogen will reduce winter hardiness and your bushes will freeze.
What mineral preparations can be used in the fall? For this purpose, gardeners use potassium salt, superphosphate and nitrophoska. If you are planning to transplant bushes, you can put about 40 grams of nitrophoska in the holes. To avoid burning the roots, the fertilizer is sprinkled with soil. It is important that the roots do not come into contact with the substrate.
Also in the fall you can use mixed fertilizers - organic matter and minerals. It should be borne in mind: liquid solutions cannot be used later than September.
Spring feeding
The first fertilizing is applied immediately after the snow melts. During this period, strawberries especially need nitrogen, which stimulates vegetation. However, before applying fertilizer, the beds need to be prepared: cut off yellowed leaves and loosen the soil.
Note! You only need to add nutrients to two-year-old bushes; there is no need to feed one-year-old strawberries.
What solution can be used for the first feeding? Gardeners use ammonium sulfate together with mullein infusion. Instead of ammonium sulfate, you can use nitroammophoska. If you prefer organic, you can treat strawberries with mullein infusion or.
As soon as new leaves appear, you need to prepare a working solution for irrigation. There is no need to wait for the leaves to straighten out - they should simply appear on the bushes.
To form green mass and set fruit, yeast starter is used.
During wild flowering, strawberries can be fed with wood ash mixed with iodine, boric acid and manganese. The bushes are irrigated with the solution. Also during the flowering period you can use agrochemicals: nitroammophos, nitrophoska, diammophos, etc.
In May, the bushes can be fed with an infusion of cut grass. To do this, the grass is kept in water for about a week, after being crushed. Where can I get the herb for infusion? You can use the one that was weeded in the beds.
Consider the characteristics of your climate when caring for strawberries in spring. In the southern regions, work in the garden begins in mid-April, and in the northern regions - in mid-May.
For foliar feeding, you can use solutions of nitrogen or organic substances. Irrigation should be carried out after sunset in calm weather. Remember that it is better to use settled or rainwater for irrigation. Chlorine in water can harm plants.
Yeast starter
How to make yeast starter for strawberries? Both fresh and dry yeast are suitable for this purpose. You can also soak crackers or old dried bread. Sometimes grass clippings or fallen leaves are added to the starter.
To prepare the starter, you will need 100 grams of fresh yeast per bucket of water. To prevent yeast from extracting nitrogen and potassium from the soil, add ash (a glass) and a working solution of chicken manure (0.5 l) to the mixture. When the substance has fermented (a couple of hours), dilute it with water and water the bushes.
A solution is made from dry yeast like this. Add a couple of tablespoons of dry mass, 500 grams of wood ash, 3-4 tablespoons of granulated sugar to a bucket of warm water. The mixture should stand for a day. Then the concentrate is diluted with water in a volume of 1:10.
This is how you make sourdough from dry bread. Dried (but without mold) crusts of bread, a packet of dry yeast, a glass of sour milk and ash are placed in a bucket. Pour warm water over the ingredients and wrap them in something warm, such as a blanket. The bucket is placed in a warm place for fermentation, stirring the contents regularly. In a week the starter will be ready.
Summer feeding of strawberries
In mid-July, the bushes can be fed with yeast starter, a solution of nitroammophoska with ash and urea (). Ash can also be used in dry form, scattered around the bushes in the grooves. After a couple of weeks, the procedure can be repeated. If the summer turns out to be dry, fertilizing should be accompanied by irrigation of the land.
Do not forget to constantly monitor the removal of weeds, withered leaves and pests. Damaged parts of bushes should be immediately removed and burned.
How to determine that strawberries need feeding, and also determine an overdose of minerals in the soil? If the berries are small and dried spots appear on the leaves, the strawberries do not have enough nutrients. If spots appear on the leaves white, and they look wilted - you have exceeded the dosage of mineral components.
Bottom line
Juicy and fragrant strawberries in the garden beds will delight the eye if you take good care of them. Plants actively draw nutrients from the fertile layer, forming leaves and fruits. Therefore, the application of fertilizers is an indispensable condition for harvesting a rich harvest. Fertilizing strawberries in spring, summer and autumn is a mandatory condition for caring for the crop.
What mineral fertilizer did you use?
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Fragrant, tasty and healthy strawberries are a favorite of children and adults. How can you grow such a wonderful berry in your garden and get a good harvest?
Feeding young bushes planted last year in the spring can be omitted at all, or done with the following solution: dissolve 0.5 liters of chicken manure or cow manure and 1 tbsp in a bucket of water. a spoonful of sodium sulfate. Water the plants with this mixture - 1 liter for each bush.
Do not overdo it with fertilizers (in the photo there are Victoria strawberry bushes)
Fertilizing adult strawberries
After 2-3 years, the soil in the beds becomes infertile and the plant has nowhere to take nutrients from. Therefore, in order to reap a good harvest, you need to know when and what to feed strawberries. In spring, fertilizing is done 3 times:
- When the first 2-3 leaves appear
- Before color starts
- During fruit formation
The first fertilizer is applied in mid-to-late April, depending on the region. Organic fertilizers are ideal for such feeding: mullein or chicken droppings. They need to be scattered under the roots of the bushes, and a little earth should be placed on top (about 2-3 cm). You can also make a liquid solution. Take a bucket of water and dilute it with 1 liter of manure. Water each bush with the resulting slurry (1 liter per plant).
Regular yeast is an excellent fertilizer. They contain a large number of useful substances: amino acids, proteins, minerals. Fertilizing with yeast will ensure good growth and strengthening of the root system. It is necessary to dilute 200 g of live baker's yeast in 0.5 liters of warm water and let it stand for 20 minutes. Then pour the mixture into a container with 9 liters of water. Water each bush generously with this solution.
The second feeding should be carried out during the strawberry blossom period. For this it is better to take mineral fertilizers. They have a positive effect on the taste and size of the berries. The strawberries will be large, beautiful and sweet.
Strawberry fruits on a bush
For feeding you need to prepare a solution: 2 tbsp. spoons of nitrophosphate, 1 tbsp. spoon of potassium and 10 liters of water. Each bush should be watered under the root system with this solution. 0.5 liters of mixture per plant is enough.
Nowadays there is a huge selection of mineral fertilizers that can be purchased in specialized stores. But they must be used strictly according to the instructions indicated on the packaging. Incorrect dosage will harm the plant.
A good remedy for the third feeding would be an infusion of weeds. After weeding, you need to collect the weeds, chop them and fill them with water. Let it sit for about a week in a warm room, and then pour over the strawberries. This feeding is absolutely harmless for both plants and people. But it will help increase the number of fruits and have a positive effect on taste. Fertilizing with weeds will protect plants from some harmful insects. An excellent top dressing is nettle infusion.
We would like to note that in order to properly fertilize garden strawberries, you need to know exactly how old the bushes are and where they grow. It is best if they are located on different beds, this will simplify care. Thus, young plants need not be fed only when a sufficient amount of useful substances is provided during planting. In the second and fourth years of strawberry life, you can take both organic matter and mineral mixtures. But three-year-old bushes will prefer mineral fertilizers.
A good strawberry harvest depends on many factors: the climatic and weather conditions of the current season, the variety, as well as comprehensive care. Despite the importance of the listed elements, the yield depends to the greatest extent on whether the strawberries were fertilized correctly in the spring. Only by growing in soil rich in basic macro- and microelements will plants be able to form large and delicious berries and give the summer resident the desired harvest.
Why fertilize strawberries in the spring: why garden strawberries need feeding
Strawberries are a very specific berry crop that is very demanding in terms of nutrition and, accordingly, is sensitive to its deficiency.
Garden strawberries require all the essential macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). However, exactly phosphorus — essential element food for strawberries, however potassium is also significant.
Certainly, nitrogen is also important for gaining green mass, but you should not overdo it with nitrogen fertilizers, otherwise the strawberries will drive away the foliage and there will be few berries.
Thus, phosphorus is responsible not only for the formation of the plant’s root system, but also has a serious influence on the formation of fruits, their quantity and quality (on their large fruit size and sweetness). Moreover, its main quantity is consumed precisely in the first phases of development and growth.
Accordingly, due to a lack of phosphorus, the number of ovaries decreases, which means the yield sharply decreases, as well as the sugar content in the berries (they cease to be sweet).
This is why it is so important to provide phosphorus at all stages of strawberry development.
Since phosphorus fertilizers are difficult to dissolve in the soil, especially if liming has been carried out (reducing acidity), they are applied in the fall in the expectation that they will become more available in the next season.
However, if this was not done in the fall, then in the spring it is imperative to prepare an easily and quickly digestible phosphorus fertilizer.
Thus, feeding strawberries in the spring, containing a complete balanced set of macro- and micronutrients, is carried out for the normal growth and development of the plant, in particular to increase the yield and content of sugary substances and vitamins in the fruit, as well as drought and frost resistance.
Video: how to properly fertilize strawberries
When to feed strawberries in spring: optimal timing and scheme
Strawberries should be fertilized in spring and summer according to a certain scheme, so it is extremely important to know when and at what time to apply fertilizer, and it is necessary to rely on the phases of plant development.
Many gardeners adhere to this scheme for feeding garden strawberries in spring and summer (after harvest):
Note! There is no need to rush with the first feeding. You can start feeding garden strawberries only when the soil temperature is not lower than +8-10 degrees. At lower temperatures, the plant's roots simply do not absorb and assimilate fertilizers.
- The first feeding of strawberries is carried out in early spring when a stable positive temperature is established and the plant begins to awaken (new leaves begin to grow). That is, practically after you open the bushes after winter, trim them, loosen them and remove the weeds.
At this point, the plant requires a lot of nitrogen to grow green mass.
- Just before flowering during the budding period).
In order for strawberries to gain weight - to be large and sweet, they need more potassium and phosphorus. Therefore, the fertilizing must necessarily include potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, as well as some nitrogen (but much less than during the first fertilizing).
- During flowering and fruiting.
- After fruiting and harvesting (late summer-autumn).
The purpose of the last feeding is for the strawberry bushes to lay flower buds = to prepare for the next harvest, and also to strengthen themselves before wintering, in other words, so that they do not freeze. This means that plants also require potassium (optionally, potassium sulfate or simply potassium monophosphate).
Video: spring feeding of strawberries - when to feed garden strawberries
How to properly feed strawberrieswhat types of fertilizers are there, their specifics
- Strawberries planted last year do not need fertilizing in the spring if a sufficient amount of organic and mineral fertilizers were added to the soil during planting. Only 2-year-old plants begin to be fed, since they have already drawn from the soil the nutrients added during planting.
- Before feeding strawberries, it is recommended first water the bushes with plain water, because It is always necessary to fertilize on moist soil, especially with mineral fertilizers.
By the way! You can water the day or 1-2 hours before applying liquid fertilizer.
- If during root feeding you get on leaves and fruits, then try wait plain water.
- It is advisable to fertilize in the morning or evening hours, but not at noon, when the sun is at its zenith.
Exists two methods or types of feeding any plant(including strawberries): root (watering at the root) and foliar (over the leaves). Let's look at each of them in more detail.
As a rule, it is in the spring main ones are produced root dressings(in liquid form, but you can also do it in dry form - scatter the granules and fill them in, and then the fertilizers will gradually dissolve during watering or rain). And now in summer can be done and foliar feeding(by leaves).
Root feeding
Root feeding involves applying fertilizer directly under the strawberry bushes or at some distance from them. Sometimes dry fertilizers are scattered right next to the bushes.
For root feeding, as a rule, mineral fertilizers with macroelements, as well as organics.
Foliar feeding
Fertilize strawberries in spring for good harvest You can do it not only at the root, but also at the leaves.
Note! It is believed that foliar feeding is most effective when the plant especially needs certain microelements (which is manifested in its appearance). For example, in the case of chlorosis. In other words, they are carried out as necessary.
Thus, foliar feeding is usually carried out with the help of fertilizers, which include microelements.
Obviously! Foliar feeding cannot completely replace root feeding. Therefore, root feeding is the main feeding, and foliar feeding is additional (if necessary).
How to feed strawberries in the spring for a good harvest: options for effective spring fertilizers
Naturally, before getting down to business, you need to figure out what is the best way to feed strawberries in the spring.
As with many other crops, mineral and organic fertilizers are used to feed strawberries.
Nitrogen fertilization
Remember! Apply only once in early spring.
Mineral nitrogen fertilizers:
- Urea(Urea) - 46% nitrogen (10-15 grams per 10 liters of water or per 1 sq.m);
- Ammonium nitrate— 33% nitrogen (15-20 grams per 10 liters of water or per 1 sq.m);
Organic fertilizers:
- infusion chicken manure(usually 1 in 20);
- infusion cow dung or Mullein (1 to 40);
- green manure(nettle infusion).
Early spring feeding of strawberries is especially popular. chicken manure solution.
However! Due to the impressive content of macro- and microelements, such fertilizing is carried out once.
To prepare the solution, organic matter is poured into a bucket and filled with water in a ratio of 1:20. The product is thoroughly stirred to a homogeneous consistency, poured into a watering can and watered the bushes.
Video: fertilizing strawberries with chicken droppings in spring
Nitrogen organic-mineral fertilizing
Strawberries respond very well to combined fertilizing with organic and mineral fertilizers.
So, strawberries in early spring can be fed with the following composition:
- ammonium sulfate (nitrogen - 21%, sulfur - 24%) - 1 tbsp. spoon (10-15 grams).
- infusion of horse (cow) manure or mullein - 250 ml (i.e. 1 to 40).
Dissolve and mix everything in 10 liters of water, and then pour 0.5-1 liter of solution under each bush.
Potassium-phosphorus fertilizing (+ a little nitrogen)
Suitable for feeding before and after flowering.
- nitroammophoska (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium - 16% each) - 2 tbsp. spoons (20-30 grams).
Better yet, take- nitrogen 6-9%, phosphorus - 26-30% (20-30 grams).
If you use double superphosphate rather than simple (nitrogen 7.5-10%, phosphorus 46%), then the dose should be reduced by 1.5-2 times.
- potassium sulfate (potassium sulfate) - 46-52% potassium (1 tablespoon - 10-15 grams).
Dissolve everything and mix it in 10 liters of water, and then pour 0.5 liters of solution under each bush.
By the way!Instead of potassium sulfate (potassium sulfate) you can usepotassium salt.
And it’s also very convenient to use potassium magnesia, which, in addition to potassium, includes such an important trace element as magnesium.
And if you organic farming advocate, then you can as potassium fertilizing use by preparing the following solution (or even better, infusion-extract): 100-200 grams of ash per 10 liters of water, and then pour 1 liter under each bush.
Concerning phosphorus, it is available in the same bone or fish meal.
Fast-absorbing phosphorus fertilizer
Suitable for feeding before and after flowering (during fruiting).
To make easily digestible strawberries for spring feeding you need:
Take monopotassium phosphate, dissolve in water and fertilize.
- 1 kg double superphosphate pour 5 liters of boiling water;
- After the water has cooled, add 0.5 liters of 9% vinegar;
Acidifying the water will convert calcium phosphate into a more soluble form.
- Let sit for 12-24 hours, shaking and stirring occasionally.
- Add another 5 liters of water, bringing the total volume to 10 liters.
- Then dilute 1 liter of the resulting superphosphate infusion with 10 liters of water (1 to 10).
- Feed.
Advice! The remaining phosphorus sediment can be dug under fruit trees.
Video: how to properly feed strawberries with superphosphate in spring
Autumn potassium-phosphorus fertilizing (after picking berries)
An excellent option for feeding strawberries after harvesting is the following combination of mineral and organic fertilizers.
First option:
- Superphosphate- nitrogen 6-9%, phosphorus - 26-30% (10-20 grams per 10 liters of water).
- Potassium sulfate(potassium sulfate) - 46-52% potassium (10-20 grams per 10 liters.
Second option:
- Nitroammofoska- 2 tbsp. spoons (20-30 grams).
- - 1 glass (100 grams).
Third option:
- Diammofoska- 10% nitrogen, 26% phosphorus and potassium each (20-30 grams).
Fourth option:
- Potassium monophosphate(Phosphorus - 50%, potassium - 33%) - 10-15 grams;
Dissolve everything, mix in 10 liters of water and pour 0.5-1 liter of solution under each bush.
Ready-made fertilizers for strawberries
If you don’t want to bother (you’re a “lazy” summer resident), then you can buy one of the special complex fertilizers for strawberries (garden strawberries), which already contains all the macro- and microelements, for example (use everything according to the instructions on the packages):
- Fertika“Kristalon” for strawberries and wild strawberries (liquid complex fertilizer);
- Fertika "Garden and vegetable garden" for strawberries and wild strawberries (organo-mineral dry mixture, with humates);
- Gumi-Omi“Berry” for raspberries, strawberries and others berry bushes(based on chicken manure).
- Specialized long-acting fertilizers are especially popular (granular; it is advisable to apply them dry into holes along the diameter of the bushes, and then water them). For example, " Strawberry» from Fusco.
Fertilizers with humates and microelements
Very good to use humates, which promote better absorption of mineral fertilizers. Therefore, you can first prepare a humate solution (for example, Gumata Potassium), and then add complex mineral fertilizer to it, for example, the same Nitroammofoska.
By the way! Nowadays, humates are initially added to some complex mineral fertilizers. For example, " Sturdy" from Fasco with humates and microelements.
In general, it is very convenient to use for feeding strawberries ready-made cocktails from essential microelements type Gumat +7+Iodine.
Folk remedies
Among folk remedies, feeding strawberries with yeast is very popular.
This fertilizing is best done before flowering.
- 100 g of fresh yeast (or 30-35 grams of dry, i.e. ratio 1 to 3) and 100 grams of sugar are dissolved in 5 liters of warm water and left for 1-3 days (for the fermentation process to begin), while not forgetting Stir occasionally. Then the resulting mother solution is diluted 1 to 10 with water, poured into a watering can, and each plant is watered generously (about 0.5-1 liter).
Important! Adding yeast to the soil negates the presence of potassium in the soil (dissolves it), so immediately after a week add potassium feed, for example, or potassium sulfate (potassium sulfate).
Video: how to feed strawberries with yeast in spring for growth and yield
By the way! The composition of fertilizing (+ means of protection against diseases and pests) for strawberries based on boric acid, iodine, potassium permanganate and ammonia is floating around on the Internet.
Actually, for example, this video.
Video: feeding strawberries in spring with a solution of boric acid, iodine, potassium permanganate and ammonia
However, there is no point in feeding strawberries with both boric acid and, because they neutralize each other, although individually these agents are very effective (especially boric acid and partly ammonia solution
Thus, in order to get a rich strawberry harvest, you definitely need to feed the strawberry bushes in the spring. This is not difficult to do, you just need to know exactly when, how and with what, in other words, act according to the instructions stated above. And then the result will meet even the wildest expectations.
Video: first spring feeding and second to strengthen the berries
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One of the most delicious garden berries- strawberry. It should be noted that this name often refers not only to nutmeg strawberries, but also to large-fruited garden strawberries. In any case, for active and long-term fruiting, the plant needs to be fed effectively. To do this, you can use both organic and mineral fertilizers, both natural and industrially produced. Next important issue is: exactly when they should be added.
Fertilizing strawberries with natural fertilizers.
Any gardener is looking for the best fertilizer for strawberries, which will allow them to achieve a record harvest of berries and will not harm either the plants or the soil. Most often, preference is given to fertilizers of natural origin. These include manure, chicken droppings, humus and compost, as well as ash. Strawberries need to be fertilized in autumn, spring and during fruiting.
Autumn feeding.
In order to expect a good harvest next year, and the strawberries will be large, autumn fertilizing is required after fruiting is completed. At this time, the berry bush lays new flower buds and is restored. With good nutrition, strawberries withstand winter better.
Usually, when choosing what to feed strawberries in the fall, they stop at unrotted manure or a solution of chicken droppings. Manure is spread between the rows, it gradually overheats, warming the roots of the plant and at the same time releasing nutrients. Humus is used in the fall when planting or transplanting strawberries. It is placed in holes and added to the ground when digging ridges.
How to improve productivity?We are constantly receiving letters in which amateur gardeners are worried that due to the cold summer this year there will be a poor harvest of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year we published TIPS on this matter. But unfortunately, many did not listen, but some still applied. Here is a report from our reader, we would like to recommend plant growth biostimulants that will help increase the yield by up to 50-70%.
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Chicken manure can be used as autumn fertilizer for strawberries. It is not used in its pure form, as it contains a high concentration of various substances and can burn the roots. An extract is made from it or it is significantly diluted. But at the same time, this is the best fertilizer if you need to replenish the supply of nutrients in depleted soil.
When preparing for winter, beds with strawberry bushes should be covered with a layer of fallen leaves, peat or straw. During the winter, these plant residues partially rot, mulch the soil and add nutrients to the plants.Spring feeding.
In spring, fertilizers for strawberries are required. Plants are preparing for active fruiting, so they need more nutrients.
Strengthening the root system of the berry plant with fertilizing
When people are interested in how to fertilize strawberries in the spring, they imagine harvesting a significant harvest of berries. For these dreams to become a reality, you need to start feeding the berry bushes immediately after the first young leaves appear and the first spring loosening.
Bird droppings can be used in significant dilution as an initial fertilizer for strawberries. It contains many elements, so it is as close as possible to mineral multicomponent fertilizers. Its effect on plants is similar.
You can make an infusion from bird droppings. To do this, take one part of excrement to twenty parts of water, pour everything into plastic container and leave in a warm place. To fertilize, the infusion is watered between the rows. Liquid should not get on the plants. Chicken manure is used when a long-lasting effect is required. It gradually decomposes and releases substances. It is not worth using it more than once a year.
Wood ash can be used to saturate the soil with potassium. To do this, simply sprinkle dry ash between the rows. Among other things, it protects plants from slugs and various diseases.
Rules for growing (feeding) your favorite berries
What fertilizers to use in summer.
At the end of spring or beginning of summer, after setting the berries, another fertilizing with organic fertilizers is carried out. You can use diluted mullein for this. This fertilizer contains a complex of elements, including nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium and calcium, and in some cases magnesium.
To prepare mullein, a bucket is filled a quarter full with fresh bedding manure and topped up with water. Leave in a warm place for two or three days. During this time, ammonia must come out of the liquid so that the solution does not harm the roots. The resulting infusion is diluted in the ratio of one liter of mullein per three or four liters clean water. Water the beds, spending on each square meter ten liters of diluted liquid.
During the flowering period, foliar feeding is carried out with an extract from ash. It makes the fruits sweeter and increases the shelf life of the berries.
Application of ready-made mineral fertilizers.
If you don’t want to use natural fertilizers or need to supplement them, then you should pay attention to ready-made options. Here you should also find out which fertilizers for this crop will be the best in different time of the year.
At the beginning of September, fertilizer is applied to Kemira Autumn. It is distributed over the garden bed outside the bush. The second autumn feeding is carried out at the end of October. At this time, potassium humate is added, containing the elements that are required for effective future fruiting. Also at this time, superphosphate is sometimes added. It takes a long time to dissolve, so it is better to apply it in advance.
In spring, nitrogen fertilizers are used: ammophosphate with ammonium nitrate. They are taken in a ratio of 2:1, respectively. Apply at the rate of 15 grams per square meter, having previously dissolved it in water. Urea should not be used in early spring. The bacteria that process it have not yet been activated and there will be no result. Of the ready-made formulations, Kemira Lux and Ryazanochka are suitable for the first application.
To obtain a good harvest of berries, Kemira Lux or Kemira Universal is introduced in early June. Since potassium is very important for the formation of strawberry fruits, the fertilizer must contain it.
Almost all ready-made fertilizers require abundant watering to dissolve and penetrate the soil.
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Content
Sweet and juicy strawberries are the weakness of many. It is tasty and healthy. Its cultivation is possible on different soils. For good fruit development, it must be fed. For this purpose, strawberry fertilizers are widely used to promote the growth of the berry crop and its active fruiting. Find out in what proportions, when and how to use fertilizer for it.
When to fertilize strawberries
You can prepare for the new gardening season already when the last snow melts. When fertilizer is introduced on time, new buds form faster. Not every garden or vegetable garden has fertile soil. If the soil has not been fertilized for a long time and is already depleted, you can’t even dream of a rich harvest. Regular feeding is necessary for both the soil and the bushes themselves. At the same time, special care is required when processing remontant varieties of berries. They are more susceptible to feeding than other species. For this reason, they are fertilized at weekly intervals.
Feeding stages
The fertilizer is used in three stages: after winter at the beginning of the gardening season, during the fruiting period and in the fall. For the first time, strawberries are fed in order to timely stimulate the growth of young shoots and first leaves. The procedure is carried out in late April - early May. The treatment is repeated in July. The second feeding of strawberries promotes the formation of new roots and buds. The first fruits will be in July. Fertilize for the third time in mid-September. Feeding during this period is necessary to prepare the crop for wintering.
How to feed strawberries
Fertilizers for berry crops are mineral, organic and complex. Mineral fertilizers are synthetic substances developed in laboratories. The most popular among them are urea, saltpeter, sulfates, and diammophos. They contain micro- and macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese). There are many enterprises involved in the production of mineral fertilizers (Gumi-Omi, Agricol, Fertika, Akron, KhimAgroProm).
Organic fertilizers for strawberries are substances of natural origin. These include:
- chicken droppings;
- humus;
- wood ash;
- ash;
- spoiled milk;
- yeast;
- manure;
- humus;
- weeds.
It should be understood that using organic matter will not bring large fruits, but they are absolutely harmless to people. In addition, the application of such natural fertilizers does not require restrictions in proportions: they can be fed to the plant in any quantity. The fruit crop will absorb as many useful substances as it requires.
Complex fertilizers are designed to combine the effects of mineral and organic matter. Ready-made options are produced, including potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, magnesium (“Berry ovary for strawberries”, “Ryazanochka”, etc.). Among the wide variety of drugs of this type produced today, preference should be given to those in which the percentage of nitrogen is greater than all other components.
Organic fertilizers
Feeding with substances of natural origin helps to obtain a rich harvest without harm to human health, plants and soil. In addition, the use of organics will be much cheaper than the purchase of mineral or complex preparations. Each type of natural feeding has its own characteristics and advantages.
Manure (cow) is a mixture of straw, hay and animal excrement. It has long been used as a top dressing for soil and various crops (potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, etc.). Manure as a fertilizer for strawberries is the best option fertilizing in the spring before the plant begins to flower. It is prepared as follows: dilute 2 cups of manure with 10 liters of water and add 1 tablespoon of sodium sulfate. All components are mixed until smooth. The area under each bush is watered with this slurry (1 liter).
Benefits of using cow dung:
- accessibility and low cost;
- high efficiency;
- saturating the soil and berry crops with essential microelements and other beneficial substances;
- decrease in acidity clay soil under the influence of manure.
Humus is completely decomposed manure. It is considered the best top dressing in the spring. Humus is used at the rate of 5 kg per 1 square meter of bed area. It can be used during planting for subsequent crop care. To obtain humus, you should spread the manure with weeds. Fertilizer for strawberries will be ready in 7 months. The benefits of humus are:
- saturation of plants with useful substances and microelements in an easily digestible form;
- positive effect on the soil - soil saturated with humus creates a favorable environment for the rapid and proper development of berry crops;
- long-lasting feeding effect - humus nourishes the plant and the soil throughout the year.
Chicken manure is used as nitrogen fertilizer. It is prepared as follows: take 20 parts of water for one part of poultry organic matter. The resulting solution is infused for 3 days and 0.5 liters of the mixture is poured under each berry bush. Chicken manure is widely used among gardeners due to its availability and effective effect on the growth and development of berries.
An excellent supplement is sour milk (sourdough). This fact is confirmed by the statement of experienced gardeners that slightly acidic soil has a beneficial effect on productivity. To normalize the acidity level of the soil, you can add sour milk to it. Its difference from other organics is the method of application: the fertilizing is not poured under the root, but a little further from it (about 7-10 cm from the bush) or the spraying method is used.
Fertilizer for strawberries is prepared as follows: the product is mixed with water in a ratio of 1:2. Plants are fed at the beginning of the summer season, then after harvest and in the fall. Advantages of using fermented milk products:
- enrichment open ground a storehouse of useful substances and microelements (sulfur, calcium, etc.);
- significant increase in yield and fruiting time;
- rapid plant growth;
- increasing the protective forces of berry crops against pests and diseases.
Yeast
Regular yeast is an affordable and easy-to-prepare fertilizer. This iodized product is beneficial for the plant. The feeding solution can be prepared as follows: 1 kg of yeast is diluted in 5 liters of water. The resulting concentration should be diluted again with water before use. For 0.5 liters of yeast solution you need 10 liters of water. After re-preparing the mixture, it is necessary to treat the plant. For 10 bushes 0.5 liters of solution will be used. They pour it right under the bushes.
If you only have dry yeast in bags on hand, then prepare the solution as follows: take one bag of the product and two tablespoons of sugar for one bucket of water. To begin with, the yeast is diluted in a glass of warm water, then granulated sugar is added to the solution and stirred until completely dissolved. Afterwards, the contents of the glass are poured into a bucket of water. Let it brew for 2 hours. After this time, the nutrient solution is ready for use. The advantages of using yeast include:
- valuable composition of the product (iodine, iron, phosphorus, nitrogen, etc.);
- stimulating culture growth;
- significant increase in plant productivity;
- strengthening roots;
- positive effect on the condition of the soil due to its saturation with beneficial microorganisms;
- increasing plant adaptation to new conditions after transplantation and disease resistance.
It is advisable to feed the berries with yeast 2-3 times during the summer season. The product is used at the beginning of the season, again during the flowering period and after harvesting. For all its advantages, it also has disadvantages. It can only be used in warm weather. In cool weather, fermentation does not occur and the process stops.
Ash
Wood ash contains a significant amount of useful microelements. This folk remedy is rich in potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, iron and many other nutrients necessary for plant growth and development. To use it, you need to introduce dry ash into the furrows of the beds. Powder should be poured at the rate of 150 g per 1 linear meter. To enhance the effect, it is advisable to mix ash with peat. This fertilizer has one drawback: ash cannot be used with urea. The advantages of using wood ash are:
- availability;
- stimulation of berry crop growth;
- saturating the soil with nutrients and improving its structure;
- increasing productivity;
- improving the taste of fruits.
Mineral fertilizers for strawberries
The taste and external qualities of strawberries only benefit from the use of mineral fertilizers. The berries grow large, bright, sweet and juicy. The use of minerals requires caution and strict adherence to proportions. Excessive doses can harm not only the plant, but also human health. The deadline for introducing mineral fertilizers is 2 weeks before the plant fruits ripen.
Ammophoska and ammonium nitrate
Strawberries are “fed” in the second year after planting with ammonium nitrate at the rate of 100 g per 10 square meters. This fertilizer is considered the most effective. True, in cases where a lot of organic fertilizer was added to the soil before planting, ammonium will not be needed. If strawberries are planted for the third year in a row, then it is necessary to introduce 10 g of superphosphate, 150 g of ammonium nitrate and 100 g of potassium chloride into the soil.
This volume of fertilizer will be needed for 10 square meters of usable area. The prepared solution is poured under the bushes. The plant itself does not need to be watered. Typically, the soil is fertilized with half of the fertilizer in the spring, and the rest is introduced after harvesting. It is forbidden to increase the dose of nitrate. It is loaded with nitrogen and excessive use can lead to loss of sugar. The berry will be watery and tasteless. In the spring, you can use ammonium nitrate in combination with ammophoska in a ratio of 1:2. Water the product at the rate of 15 g per 1 sq.m. in a liquid solution with water.
Any mineral substance has its advantages and disadvantages. The vast majority of synthetic fertilizers are dangerous when used in large proportions. Nitroammophoska (azophoska) is no exception. It should be used in the correct doses. So, during the period of planting strawberries, two tablespoons of granules of this preparation should be sprinkled on each square meter. In cases where the plant is replanted, nitroammophoska is used immediately after harvesting. Prepare the solution as follows: add 1 tablespoon of fertilizer to 10 liters of water.
It should be remembered that, despite its effectiveness, nitroammophoska is considered one of the dangerous drugs. This synthetic substance must not be used uncontrolled, since this approach can lead to the formation of nitrates in the soil. The fertilizer belongs to the third level of danger: it is highly flammable. Granules of the product can explode. One should not forget about the short shelf life of nitroammophoska.
Complex fertilizer "Ryazanochka"
Ready-made fertilizer for strawberries “Ryazanochka” is very popular among gardeners. It contains micro- and macroelements (nitrogen, manganese, phosphorus, zinc, copper, potassium, boron, molybdenum, cobalt). For root feeding, you should prepare a solution at the rate of 1 teaspoon of “Ryazanochka” (4 g) per 10 liters of water. The plant must be fed in the morning and evening.
The finished product is used depending on the period of development of the berry crop. So, at the beginning of the vegetative development of strawberries, the solution is watered at the rate of 5 liters per 2–3 sq.m. area. During budding, at the beginning of flowering and active fruiting of the berry, 10 liters of product are consumed for the same area. The last time the plant is “fed” is 2–3 weeks before harvesting.
“Ryazanochka” can also be used using the foliar method. Only in this case, the solution is prepared differently: ½ teaspoon (2 g) is added to 10 liters of water. The resulting product is sprayed on the berry crop in the morning and evening in cloudy but not rainy weather twice during the summer season. The advantages of “Ryazanochka” include the following properties:
- positive effect on the taste and external qualities of fruits;
- increasing the yield of berry crops through the use of complex fertilizing;
- beneficial effect on the resistance of berries to diseases.
Features of feeding in spring
Strawberries should be fertilized in the spring. How correctly this procedure is carried out largely depends on further development plants and harvest results. It is important to know the feeding scheme for berry crops, and that feeding young strawberries in the spring differs from feeding their adult “relatives”.
How to properly fertilize young plants
There is no urgent need to fertilize young strawberries planted in autumn in early spring. If desired, you can give her additional nutrition, and for this you need to prepare the following solution: add 0.5 liters of manure or bird droppings and 1 tablespoon of sodium sulfate to 10 liters of water. The resulting mixture is poured under each strawberry bush, 1 liter, no more.
How to feed adult strawberries
Adult plants are fertilized with the same means as young crops, only when loosening the soil, the soil is sprinkled with ash at the rate of 2 cups per square meter of area. An excellent biofertilizer is nettle infusion. Fill a bucket with it, add water and leave for a week (less is possible). The resulting solution is sprayed on the plant at the beginning of the formation of bushes and after harvesting. The use of mullein is effective: for 1 part of it take 5 parts of water and 60 g of superphosphate and 100–150 g, 1 bucket of water. The resulting solution is poured into grooves made along the beds 4–5 cm deep.
Fertilizer for strawberries when planting
The first feeding is carried out in mid-April. For these purposes, mullein or bird droppings are used. When re-feeding, already during the flowering period of the plant, the strawberries are fertilized with mineral agents. And finally, the third, final feeding is carried out using an infusion of weeds. In summer, feeding with liquid manure is good. In autumn, you can use both organic and mineral fertilizers.
Discuss
Fertilizer for strawberries for feeding
